CN104681842A - Microorganism fuel cell for sewage treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a technical device integrating a liquid-solid fluidized bed and a microbial fuel cell for sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a microbial fuel cell for sewage treatment. The bottom of the microbial fuel cell is provided with a sewage inlet; a pre-distribution chamber is arranged above the sewage inlet; a liquid distribution plate is arranged between the pre-distribution chamber and a fluidized bed body; the lower part in the fluidized bed body is filled with fluidized particles; an anode electrode is vertically positioned in the inner side of the bed body, one end of the anode electrode is inserted into the fluidized particles to lead out electrons; an air membrane cathode is positioned at the outer side of the fluidized bed, and is sealed by epoxy gel; the other end of the anode electrode and the air membrane cathode are connected by a lead, and are connected with a load in series to form a closed loop; a gas colleting outlet is formed in the center of the top of the seal cover; testing openings which are ranked from top to bottom sequentially are formed in the outer side wall of the fluidized bed. The microbial fuel cell is low in preparation cost, high in performance, reliable in operation, good in effect, rapid in velocity, and easy to amplify and apply industrially.

Description

A kind of microbiological fuel cell of sewage disposal

Technical field:

The invention belongs to biological fuel cell technical field, relate to a kind of by liquid-solid fluid bed technique device for waste water treatment mutually integrated with microbiological fuel cell, the microbiological fuel cell of particularly a kind of sewage disposal.

Background technology:

At present, industrial development and population sharply expand and cause serious threat to resources and environment, make rational use of resources, and the recycling realizing refuse is environmental emission reduction and the effective way alleviating shortage of resources.Due to the continuous increase of city domestic sewage and industrial production wastewater, purified treatment ability wretched insufficiency, water environment goes from bad to worse.Existing sewage water treatment method mainly comprises physical treatment process, method of chemical treatment and biological treatment etc., wherein the most frequently used biological treatment comprises two kinds: one utilizes microbe to carry out Air Exposure in cesspool, lot of energy, cost of sewage disposal is high, is unfavorable for promoting; Another kind utilizes anaerobe that the oxidation operation in sewage is decomposed into the small-molecule substance such as carbon dioxide and methane, but Anaerobic Treatment process by organic substance exhaustive oxidation, can not produce the gas such as methane, carbon monoxide.The gas such as methane, carbon monoxide can produce secondary pollution to surrounding environment if do not carried out reprocessing.Therefore the processing method studying efficient organic wastewater is needed.Microbiological fuel cell technology utilize alienation bacterium for catalyst be carbon dioxide by electron donor (as glucose, the acetic acid etc.) exhaustive oxidation in respiration; produce electric energy simultaneously; this technology has reaction condition gentleness; equipment is simple; easy to operate; operating cost is low; to advantages such as organic matter of sewage removal effect are good; the double effects of recuperated energy while sewage disposal can be realized; be a kind of application prospect sewage disposal technology widely, but this technology not yet form the maturation application of scale at present.Anaerobic fluidized bed anode air cathode single-chamber microbial fuel cell is by mutually integrated with fluidized-bed reactor for microbiological fuel cell technology and a kind of novel reactor that is that research and develop, belongs to be developed and the technology of innovation.Battery (MFC) is applicable to the research in laboratory more, the mode of the multiplex stirring of anode, and there is microbial profile uneven, mass-transfer efficiency is low, is not easy to the outstanding shortcomings such as sewage disposal industry amplification.

Summary of the invention:

The object of the invention is to the shortcoming overcoming prior art existence, a kind of liquid-solid anaerobic fluidized bed anode air cathode single-chamber microbial fuel cell wastewater treatment equipment of exploitation, this device is easy to industrialization, electric energy can be produced realizing sewage disposal simultaneously, by regulation bed layer height, the discharge of sewage, waste strength and kind, liquid distribution hole yardstick, anaerobic sludge and the operating parameter such as carrier granular consumption and granularity, realize effective removal of chemical oxygen consumption of sewage (COD) pollutant and the raising of electricity generation performance.

To achieve these goals, the agent structure of apparatus of the present invention comprises sewage inlet, outlet of sewer, the pre-distributing chamber of sewage inlet, liquid distributing board, fluidized bed body, fluid bed expanding reach, fluidized particles (filler), seal cover, gas collection outlets, test port, positive electrode, wire, negative electrode and load, and each part fits forms anaerobic fluidized bed anode air cathode microbial fuel cell unit; Bottom of device is shaped with sewage inlet, sewage inlet top is shaped with pre-distributing chamber, be shaped with liquid distributing board between pre-distributing chamber and fluidized bed body, in fluidized bed body, fluidized particles is equipped with in bottom, and fluidized particles is mixed by anaerobic sludge and carrier granular thereof and adds fluidized bed reaction zone; Positive electrode is vertically positioned at inside fluidized bed body, the electronics drawn and conduct organic matter degradation and produce is inserted in fluidized particles (filler) in one end, air film negative electrode is positioned at outside fluidized bed body, and pass through epoxy glue seal, connected by wire between the positive electrode other end and air film negative electrode, and series load is connected to form closed-loop path; Upper and lower tactic test port is positioned at fluidized bed body lateral wall, for measuring bed layer pressure and fluidized particles flow velocity; The pre-distributing chamber of sewage inlet makes bacterium liquid be evenly distributed, and realizes the abundant fluidisation of fluidized particles, improves water treatment effect, increases electrogenesis power, reduces internal resistance; Sewage enters in fluidized bed body through pre-distributing chamber and liquid distributing board by sewage inlet successively, and anaerobic sludge Mixed Microbes biofilm is in fluidized state on fluidized particles; Fluidized bed body top is provided with seal cover, positive electrode is in sealing state and keeps anaerobic environment, and seal cover center is provided with gas collection outlets; The spacing of positive electrode and negative electrode is 10mm-20mm; Negative electrode is air film negative electrode, take stainless steel cloth as supporter, by Flange joint in anaerobic fluidized bed external side.

The present invention has the following advantages compared with traditional microbiological fuel cell: (1) positive electrode room adopts anaerobic organism fluid bed, the bottom-up bed that flows through of waste water makes filler be fluidized state, to add in the unit interval biomembrane with the contact area of waste water, enhance organic mass transfer in sewage, accelerate biochemical reaction rate; (2) adopt air cathode, reduce aeration power consumption, avoid the restriction of oxygen solubility target reduction kinetics of oxygen in water; (3) anaerobic fluidized bed anode air cathode microbial fuel cell structure is simple, volumetric power density is high, is easy to industry and amplifies; The present invention is using waste water as battery fuel, take anaerobic sludge as Mixed Microbes provenance, adopt air cathode, reduce battery cost, improve electricity generation performance, also there is operating space field width, operation is reliable, and anaerobic fluidized bed mass transfer effect is good, and biochemical reaction rate is fast, be easy to the advantages such as amplification and industrial applications, be widely used in the purified treatment of different chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration sewage.

Accompanying drawing illustrates:

Fig. 1 is the planar structure principle schematic of apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the start battery phase voltage pattern of apparatus of the present invention.

Embodiment:

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, apparatus of the present invention are further described.

Embodiment:

The present embodiment main structure body comprises sewage inlet 1, pre-distributing chamber 2, liquid distributing board 3, test port 4, fluidized bed body 5, fluid bed expanding reach 6, outlet of sewer 7, seal cover 8, gas collection outlets 9, load 10, wire 11, catalyst granules baffle plate 12, positive electrode 13, negative electrode 14 and fluidized particles 15, and each component combination forms anaerobic fluidized bed anode air cathode single-chamber microbial fuel cell device; Sewage inlet 1 is positioned at reactor bottom center, caliber Ф 15mm; Outlet of sewer 7 is positioned at fluidized bed body sidewall apart from 50mm place, top, caliber Ф 15mm; Gas collection outlets 9 is positioned at the top center of seal cover 8, caliber Ф 10mm; The diameter of pre-distributing chamber 2 is 40mm, and is connected with fluidized bed body 5 by flange; Liquid distributing board 3 opening diameter Ф 1.5-2.5mm, percent opening 10-15%, guarantees that sewage evenly enters; The diameter Ф 70mm of catalyst granules baffle plate 12, plate face opening diameter Ф 2-3mm, percent opening 10-15%, is fixed on fluid bed expanding reach 6, guarantees catalyst granules or fluidized particles not with sewage outflow reactor; Fluidized bed body 5 is divided into reaction zone and fluid bed expanding reach 6, and wherein fluidized bed reaction zone is plexiglass cylinder, diameter 40mm, high 450mm; The diameter 70mm of fluid bed expanding reach 6, high 150mm; Fluidized particles (filler) 15 mixes with absorbent charcoal carrier particle in proportion for anaerobism reflux section anaerobic sludge (taming 30 days), is filled in the reaction zone of fluidized bed body; Positive electrode 13 is diameter Ф 5mm, and the graphite carbon rod of long 150mm, is positioned at fluidized particles 15 bottom carbon-point, and other end welding lead derives electronics; Air film negative electrode 14 is for nafion film and carry the hot pressing of platinum carbon paper and form, and outside is support with silk screen, and with epoxy glue seal; The test port 4(Ф 4mm that several are arranged above and below) be positioned at polymethyl methacrylate sidewall, for measuring bed layer pressure and particle flow velocity.

The pending artificial wastewater of the present embodiment is from sewage inlet 1(caliber Ф 15mm) enter Shui Yu distributing chamber 2, through porous liquid distribution grid 3(diameter Ф 40mm, plate face opening diameter Ф 1.5-2.5mm, percent opening 10-15%) enter the reaction zone (diameter Ф 40mm) of fluidized bed body 5; Mud and carrier granular are filled in reaction zone, at the flows by action in sewage flow field, organic substance direct oxidation in sewage is carbon dioxide as catalyst by the Mixed Microbes in mud, the electronics produced leads to negative electrode 14 by graphite carbon rod positive electrode 13, Hydrogen Proton arrives negative electrode 14 through proton exchange membrane, negative electrode 14 take air as electron acceptor and Hydrogen Proton water generation reaction, is converted into small-molecule substance CO2, H2O by COD in sewage.Sewage after process is through fluid bed expanding reach 6(Ф 70mm), through catalyst granules baffle plate 12(Ф 70mm, plate face opening diameter Ф 2-3mm, percent opening 10-15%), flow out through outlet of sewer 7, be partly refluxed to fluidized-bed reactor; Test port 4(Ф 4mm) for measuring the flow velocity of bed layer pressure and fluidized particles or catalyst granules.

The present embodiment has following technical characteristic in practical application: one is between the flow control 10ml/min-250ml/min of sewage, bed can be caused to save and gush the loss with fluidized particles, thus reduces mass transfer effect and electronics generation and transmit; Two is effects of the pre-distributing chamber of liquid is the homogeneity ensureing drainage flow, thus ensures the fluidization uniformity of fluidized particles in fluidized bed body, and sewage inlet 1 and gas collection outlets 9 design on axis; Three is that fluidized particles and gas flow rate have substantial connection, and the selection of grain diameter is between 0.2mm to 5mm; Four is Sewage baffle design aspects, for preventing the loss of fluidized particles, and additional one deck silk screen under baffle plate; Five to distribute indoor design filter course in advance at sewage inlet, and the sewage of filtration treatment contains particulate contaminant, prevent blocking liquid distribution plate orifices.

The present embodiment is suitable for the sewage disposal of different COD concentration, and COD clearance can reach 87%, has good wastewater treatment efficiency.Accompanying drawing 2 is the present embodiment start battery phase cell voltage change curve, be that active carbon and the cultured anaerobic sludge of 0.2-1mm drops in anaerobic fluidized bed anode reactor with the ratio of 6:5 by grain diameter, when system temperature runs under 28 ± 3 DEG C of conditions, start battery is very fast, system initial voltage is 0.2v, move to the 5th day, open circuit voltage is 0.904v; Continue operation after one week, system running is normal, and voltage stabilization is between 0.7-1.2v; Show that the present embodiment mass-transfer efficiency is high, start battery is fast, treatment effect is good, be easy to the advantages such as industry amplification, be conducive to obtaining more biomass energy, realize the practical application of bioelectrogenesis and synchronous wastewater processing technology.

Claims (1)

1. the microbiological fuel cell of a sewage disposal, agent structure comprises sewage inlet, outlet of sewer, the pre-distributing chamber of sewage inlet, liquid distributing board, fluidized bed body, fluid bed expanding reach, fluidized particles, seal cover, gas collection outlets, test port, positive electrode, wire, negative electrode and load, it is characterized in that bottom of device is shaped with sewage inlet, sewage inlet top is shaped with pre-distributing chamber, liquid distributing board is shaped with between pre-distributing chamber and fluidized bed body, in fluidized bed body, fluidized particles is equipped with in bottom, fluidized particles is mixed by anaerobic sludge and carrier granular thereof and adds fluidized bed reaction zone, positive electrode is vertically positioned at inside fluidized bed body, the electronics drawn and conduct organic matter degradation and produce is inserted in fluidized particles in one end, air film negative electrode is positioned at outside fluidized bed body, and pass through epoxy glue seal, connected by wire between the positive electrode other end and air film negative electrode, and series load forms closed-loop path, upper and lower tactic test port is positioned at fluidized bed body lateral wall, for measuring bed layer pressure and fluidized particles flow velocity, the pre-distributing chamber of sewage inlet makes bacterium liquid be evenly distributed, and realizes the abundant fluidisation of fluidized particles, improves water treatment effect, increases electrogenesis power, reduces internal resistance, sewage enters in fluidized bed body through pre-distributing chamber and liquid distributing board by sewage inlet successively, and anaerobic sludge Mixed Microbes biofilm is in fluidized state on fluidized particles, fluidized bed body top is provided with seal cover, positive electrode is in sealing state and keeps anaerobic environment, and seal cover center is provided with gas collection outlets, the spacing of positive electrode and negative electrode is 10mm-20mm, negative electrode is air film negative electrode, take stainless steel cloth as supporter, by Flange joint in anaerobic fluidized bed external side.