CN104677956B - A kind of method that potentiometry with universality detects electroneutral organic pollution - Google Patents

A kind of method that potentiometry with universality detects electroneutral organic pollution Download PDF

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CN104677956B
CN104677956B CN201310617710.4A CN201310617710A CN104677956B CN 104677956 B CN104677956 B CN 104677956B CN 201310617710 A CN201310617710 A CN 201310617710A CN 104677956 B CN104677956 B CN 104677956B
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electroneutral
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organic pollution
potentiometry
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CN104677956A (en
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梁荣宁
秦伟
寇立娟
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Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research of CAS
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Abstract

The present invention relates to the detection that potentiometry detects electroneutral organic pollution, the method that specifically a kind of potentiometry with universality detects electroneutral organic pollution.Surface molecule print technology is specially used in the surface imprinted layer of traditional one layer of electroneutral pollutant of polymer film ion selective electrode sensitive membrane surface construction, using common ion as indication ion, the Selective recognition process between imprinted layer and neutral organic pollutant molecule to be measured is indicated, the potentiometric detection to organic pollution is realized.The method has organic indication ion of similar structure without screening and synthesis to organic molecule to be measured, so as to simplify detecting step;Without molecularly imprinted polymer is dissolved in electrode sensitive film, so as to solve the problems, such as imprinted polymer slightly solubility in sensitive membrane, above-mentioned 2 points are effectively improved the universality that potentiometry detects electroneutral organic pollution.

Description

A kind of method that potentiometry with universality detects electroneutral organic pollution
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of with universality the present invention relates to the method that potentiometry detects electroneutral organic pollution The method that potentiometry detects electroneutral organic pollution.
Background technology
ISE is an important branch of chemical sensor, such electrode from late nineteen nineties in last century with To have turned into the new focus in chemical sensor field, be widely used to whole blood, serum, urine, tissue, intracellular fluid and its dilution The direct measure of various electrolyte ions in liquid.Although it is pointed out that polymer film ion selective electrode skill in recent years Art experienced huge development, but for a long time using ISE potentiometry detection electroneutral organic pollution point Son is always a problem, because the prerequisite of electrode potential response is that determinand is necessary for electrically charged ion.
Someone once reported that the polymer film ion selective electrode for being doped with quaternary ammonium compound can be to the benzene of electroneutral Phenol and its derivative produce obvious potential response, but sensors with auxiliary electrode electric potential signal is only by phenol derivmives blend to be measured Biological lipophilicity extraction is mutually caused produced by membrane interface distribution of charges inequality into film, and cannot be to electroneutral to be measured point Son realizes the identification of selectivity, so as to cause such Copper diethlydithiocarbamate to lack selectivity to determinand.
Inventor uses the molecularly imprinted polymer of high selectivity as the choosing of electroneutral molecule to be measured in previous research Selecting property identification carrier, is believed from the organic ion with electroneutral molecule with similar structure as indication ion conduction current potential Number, successfully have developed the Copper diethlydithiocarbamate for detecting electroneutral organophosphorus pesticide.However, developing above-mentioned detection method During find:Electroneutral organic molecule to be measured will realize that potentiometric detection must be screened or synthesized therewith with similar structure Organic ion as indication ion, such situation causes the potential monitoring procedure of every kind of electroneutral molecule to be both needed to by cumbersome The process of synthesis or the screening of the similar organic indication ion of structure, and some electroneutral organic molecules organic ion analog It is difficult to find and synthesis.In addition, as the polymerization imprinted polymer most of high of identification carrier in polymer film ion selectivity Solubility is relatively low in electrode organic film phase, and the presence of above-mentioned two situations seriously constrains potentiometry detection electroneutral organic contamination The universality of thing molecule.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that potentiometry with universality detects electroneutral organic pollution.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of method that potentiometry with universality detects electroneutral organic pollution, using surface molecule print technology The surface imprinted layer of electroneutral pollutant is covered on polymer film ion selective electrode sensitive membrane surface, then is made with common ion It is indication ion, the Selective recognition mistake in the imprinted layer and testing sample on indication ion indicator electrode surface between pollutant Journey, and then realize the potentiometric detection to electroneutral organic pollutant molecule.
Specifically it is detected as:
1)The electrode for covering surface imprinted layer is produced into control potential change signal in the presence of indication ion;To cover again The electrode of cap surface imprinted layer is enriched with organic pollution, is placed in electrode again after enrichment and normal potential is produced in indication ion Variable signal;Standard working curve is obtained to electroneutral organic pollution plotted against concentration with normal potential change to compare;
2)The electrode for covering surface imprinted layer is placed in carries out concentration and separation in testing sample, be then again transferred to electrode and contain Have in indication ion solution, produce sample potential change signal;Electroneutral to be measured is obtained final product by reference standard working curve organic The concentration of pollutant.
The electrode of the surface imprinted layer of covering is that polymer film ion selective electrode insertion is contained into water soluble molecules In the solution of trace monomer and electroneutral pollutant to be measured, electrode surface occur polymerisation, and after through wash-out, in electrode table Face covers electroneutral pollutant imprinted layer.
Described electroneutral organic pollution is electroneutral organic agricultural chemicals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or Polychlorinated biphenyls.
The common ion be lead ion, copper ion, iron ion, chromium ion, sodium ion, potassium ion, ammonium ion, calcium from Son, magnesium ion, chlorion, bromide ion, carbanion or phosphate anion, wherein, the indication ion concentration is 1nM-1M.
The polymer film ion selective electrode is the solid contact polymer film ion selectivity electricity without internal-filling liquid Pole or the liquid contact polymer film ion selective electrode containing internal-filling liquid.
The polymer film ion selective electrode is polymer film lead ion electrodes selective, copper ion selectivity electricity Pole, iron ion electrodes selective, chrome ion-selective electrode, sodium ion selective electrode, potassium ion-selective electrode, ammonium root from Sub- electrodes selective, Calcium signaling, magnesium ion-selective electrode, chloride ion-selective electrode, bromide ion selectivity Electrode, carbanion electrodes selective or phosphoric acid radical ion-selective electrode.
Polymer film ion selective electrode insertion is contained into water soluble molecules trace monomer and electroneutral pollutant to be measured Solution in, electrode surface occur polymerisation, and after through wash-out, electrode surface cover electroneutral pollutant imprinted layer;
Wherein, water soluble molecules trace monomer includes dopamine, aniline or phenol, and water soluble molecules trace monomer is in water Concentration be 0.1-100mg/L;Polymerization reaction time is 0.1-1000min;The eluent of the wash-out is concentration 1%-25%(v/ v)Methyl alcohol, ethanol, acetone or acetonitrile.
The polymerization includes electropolymerization, thermal-initiated polymerization or light initiation polymerization.
The polymer film ion selective electrode has sensitive membrane matrix material, and wherein sensitive membrane matrix material includes poly- Vinyl chloride, poly- butyl propyleneglycol acid esters, butyl polyacrylate, PEI, rubber or sol-gel film;Plasticizer is o- nitre Base benzene octyl ether(o-NPOE), two -2- ethylhexyls last of the ten Heavenly stems esters, dibutyl sebacate or di-n-octyl sebacate;Ion-exchanger is four (3,5- bis- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) Boratex, dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid or three(Dodecyl)Ammonium chloride.
Cleaning Principle:Surface molecule print technology grows up on the basis of conventional molecular engram technology, what it referred to It is that polymerisation directly occurs on solid-phase matrix surface, so that molecular engram recognition site is distributed in imprinted polymer Surface is distributed in the outer layer of solid-phase matrix, and this imprinted material is obvious excellent compared to having compared with conventional molecular imprinted polymer Gesture, is mainly reflected in more accessible binding site, faster material transport speed, faster binding kineticses, relatively low non- Specific adsorption and imprinting efficiency higher.Therefore, surface molecule print technology has with the field such as sensor isolating and purifying There is important application prospect.In view of the characteristics of surface molecule print technology and advantage, the present invention is in traditional ion selectivity electricity Pole polymer sensitive membrane one layer of surface imprinted layer of electroneutral organic pollution of surface construction, using common ion as indicate from Son, indicates the Selective recognition process between imprinted layer and pollutant to be measured, realizes the electricity to electroneutral organic pollutant molecule Position detection.Copper diethlydithiocarbamate sensitive membrane of the invention is made up of two parts, film surface electroneutrality organic pollutant molecule trace Layer and indication ion selective membrane.Surface imprinted film is placed only in polymer film ion selective electrode surface and need not be dissolved in In organic film phase, thus efficiently solve the problems, such as imprinted polymer slightly solubility.Surface imprinted film is only as molecular recognition elements For the identification of electroneutral molecule, indication ion selective membrane realizes the transducing of indication ion as inverting element.Due to molecule Recognition component is separated with inverting element, and indication ion need not have similar structure to be capable of achieving transducing to electroneutral organic molecule (Ion selective membrane is instructed to be recognized), so as to avoid the use of the similar organic indication ion of structure, enormously simplify electricity Position detection process, improves the universality of detection method.
The advantage of the invention is that:
1., using the universal potentiometric sensor of detection electroneutral organic pollution of the invention, can effectively solve to pass System Electrode potential logging is difficult to detect the problem of electroneutral organic molecule, and need not screen with composite structure analog as instruction Ion, can be greatly enhanced the versatility and universality of potentiometric detection method, widen the application field of ISE, will Chemical sensor is effectively promoted in the development of environmental monitoring.
2. Copper diethlydithiocarbamate of the invention treats that measured ion is different from the direct determination sample of traditional electrode, and the institute present invention is passed Sensor continuous mode includes the separation and concentration of organic pollution in sample and two processes of potentiometric detection of indication ion.Organic In separated from contaminants enrichment process, the surface molecule print layer of high selectivity can ensure electrode sensitive film to organic pollution reality Now efficient fast enriching by other organic matters in complex sample without being disturbed;In potential monitoring procedure, medium change is employed Method is changed, that is, detects that test solution is the electrolyte solution of experimental formula(Cushioning liquid or salting liquid), rather than complex sample solution, Electrode balance a period of time in test solution is detected makes ion selective membrane restPose before indication ion solution is added, this Sample can effectively eliminate interfering ion in complex sample(Such as Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+And the influence of organic ionic compounds etc.) The current potential produced possibly into electrode film phase in indication ion potential monitoring procedure is disturbed.Thus the method for the present invention is applicable Detected in the analysis of complex sample such as organic pollutant in seawater.
3. surface imprinted film of the present invention be placed only in polymer film ion selective electrode surface and need not be molten Solution efficiently solves the problems, such as imprinted polymer slightly solubility in organic film phase, and improve potentiometry detection electroneutral has The universality of machine molecule;The present invention is had using the electroneutral of the ISE detection based on surface molecule print technology Organic pollutants content, it is to avoid use large-scale chromatography instrument so that testing cost is substantially reduced, and cause organic pollution Quantitative field monitoring be possibly realized, thus the present invention will the fields such as water analysis, environmental monitoring, pollutant catabolic gene play it is huge Big effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram based on surface imprinted Copper diethlydithiocarbamate sensitivity membrane structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention (Wherein 1 is surface molecule print film, and 2 is indication ion selective membrane, and 3 is print identification site).
Fig. 2 is the control current potential that determination of electrode provided in an embodiment of the present invention is enriched with indication ion without electroneutral naphthalene molecule Variable signal response curve and the normal potential after various concentrations electroneutral naphthalene molecule is enriched with change response signal.
Fig. 3 is the standard working curve of determination of electrode various concentrations electroneutral naphthalene molecule provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
To detect electroneutral organic pollutant molecule:As a example by polycyclic arene compound naphthalene.Specific detecting step is as follows:
A. polymer film ion selective electrode surface naphthalene molecular engram layer structure:
The preparation of polymer film copper ion electrodes selective:PVC granule, o- nitrobenzene octyl ether, copper ion carrier and four The common 360mg of mixture of (3,5- bis- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) Boratex, wherein being 32.7wt%PVC particles, the o- nitre of 65.3wt% Base benzene octyl ether, 1.0wt% copper ions carrier and 1.0wt% tetra- (3,5- bis- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) Boratex, is moved into 2.5ml tetra- In hydrogen tetrahydrofuran solution, ultrasound, stirring 2h are allowed to be uniformly dispersed, and the 12h that volatilizees naturally at room temperature, that is, obtain electrode sensitive film, Thickness is about 200 μm.The Homogeneous Circular that sensitive membrane cuts into 0.6cm diameters is cut into slices using card punch, with tetrahydrofuran Sensitive membrane is attached to polyfluortetraethylene pipe push pipe by the mixed liquor with PVC.Electrode should be lived before with 0.01mol/L NaCl Change 24h.
The structure of surface naphthalene molecular engram layer:The polymer film copper ion electrodes selective insertion that will have been activated is containing 1 μM In the aqueous solution of the dopamine of naphthalene template molecule and 2mg/mL, 1h is stood.Using 20%(Volume fraction)Methanol aqueous solution to institute Electrode surface is cleaned to remove the naphthalene in surface imprinted layer.The surface imprinted rear electrode sensitive membrane structure of gained is as shown in Figure 1.
B. the electrode insertion after will be surface imprinted contains 10-4In the measuring cell of mol/L copper ions, control current potential letter is produced Number;In inserting electrodes into a series of naphthalene molecular solution containing various concentrations again(Naphthalene molecular solution concentration is respectively 10-6, 10-7, 10-8, 10-9Mol/L, produces normal potential signal(Referring to Fig. 2);
C. standard working curve of being drawn to obtain to naphthalene molecular concentration is changed with control and normal potential(Such as Fig. 3);
D. the ISE after will be surface imprinted is enriched with 1h in inserting the measuring cell for filling testing sample, then again Electrode is transferred to and contains 10-4In the measuring cell of mol/L copper ions, sample potential change signal is produced;Worked by reference standard Curve, obtains final product the concentration of naphthalene molecule to be measured.
Electrode performance:Electrode of the present invention can be 10-8mol/L-5×10-10Presented in the range of mol/L naphthalene molecular concentrations good Linear response(r=0.999), detection limit is up to 1.6 × 10-10mol/L。
Embodiment 2
With electroneutral organic pollutant molecule in present invention detection running water:As a example by polycyclic arene compound naphthalene.
Take running water and configure two mark-on samples, concentration is 1 × 10-9Mol/l and 2.5 × 10-8Mol/l, according to embodiment Step b, c and d determine potential change rate signal, reference standard working curve, according to sample signal in running water and standard in 1 Working curve is compared and is available from naphthalene molecular concentration in water.
Embodiment 3
With electroneutral organic pollutant molecule in present invention detection seawater:As a example by polycyclic arene compound naphthalene.
Take seawater sample and configure two mark-on samples, according to step b, c of embodiment 1 and d, reference standard working curve, root Being compared according to sample signal in seawater and standard working curve can obtain naphthalene concentration in seawater.
Embodiment 4
With electroneutral organic pollutant molecule in present invention detection seawater:As a example by polycyclic arene compound naphthalene.
In addition to water soluble molecules trace monomer is replaced by aniline, remaining detecting step with reference to embodiment 1 step a, b, c and D, reference standard working curve, being compared according to sample signal in seawater and standard working curve can obtain naphthalene concentration in seawater.
Embodiment 5
With electroneutral organic pollutant molecule in present invention detection seawater:As a example by polycyclic arene compound naphthalene.
Selection potassium ion is used as indication ion.
The structure of polymer film ion selective electrode surface naphthalene molecular engram layer:
Deionization carrier is replaced by outer remaining step of potassium ion carrier and is carried out with reference to the step a of embodiment 1;
The potentiometric detection of naphthalene molecule in seawater:According to step b, c of embodiment 1 and d, reference standard working curve, according to sea Sample signal is compared with standard working curve and can obtain naphthalene concentration in seawater in water.
Embodiment 6
With electroneutral organic pollutant molecule in present invention detection seawater:As a example by organic agricultural chemicals chlopyrifos.
The structure of polymer film ion selective electrode surface chlopyrifos molecular engram layer:
Removing template molecule is replaced by outside chlopyrifos, and remaining implementation steps is carried out with reference to the step a of embodiment 1;
Actual seawater sample Chlorpyrifos potentiometric detection:
Take seawater sample and configure two mark-on samples, according to step b, c of embodiment 1 and d, reference standard working curve, root Being compared according to sample signal in seawater and standard working curve can obtain organic agricultural chemicals chlopyrifos concentration in sample.
Embodiment 7
With electroneutral organic pollutant molecule in present invention detection seawater:Polychlorinated biphenyl 2,3,7,8-TCDD is Example.
The structure of polymer film ion selective electrode surface 2,3,7,8-TCDD molecular engram layers:
Removing template molecule is replaced by 2, outside 3,7,8-TCDD, and remaining implementation steps is carried out with reference to the step a of embodiment 1;
2,3,7,8-TCDD potentiometric detections in actual seawater sample:
Take seawater sample and configure two mark-on samples, according to step b, c of embodiment 1 and d, reference standard working curve, root Being compared according to sample signal in seawater and standard working curve can obtain 2,3,7,8-TCDD concentration in sample.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of method that potentiometry with universality detects electroneutral organic pollution, it is characterised in that:Using surface point Sub- engram technology polymer film ion selective electrode sensitive membrane surface cover electroneutral pollutant surface imprinted layer, then with Common ion is used as indication ion, the selection in the imprinted layer and testing sample on indication ion indicator electrode surface between pollutant Property identification process, and then realize to the potentiometric detection of electroneutral organic pollutant molecule;
The electrode of the surface imprinted layer of covering is that polymer film ion selective electrode insertion is contained into water soluble molecules trace In the solution of monomer and electroneutral pollutant to be measured, electrode surface occur polymerisation, and after through wash-out, covered in electrode surface Lid electroneutral pollutant imprinted layer.
2. the method that the potentiometry with universality as described in claim 1 detects electroneutral organic pollution, its feature exists In:Specifically it is detected as:
1) electrode for covering surface imprinted layer is produced into control potential change signal in the presence of indication ion;Table will be covered again The electrode of face imprinted layer is enriched with organic pollution, electrode is placed in indication ion again after enrichment produces normal potential change Signal;Standard working curve is obtained to electroneutral organic pollution plotted against concentration with normal potential change to compare;
2) being placed in the electrode for covering surface imprinted layer carries out concentration and separation in testing sample, be then again transferred to electrode and contain finger Show in solion, produce sample potential change signal;Electroneutral organic contamination to be measured is obtained final product by reference standard working curve The concentration of thing.
3. the method that the potentiometry with universality as described in claim 1 detects electroneutral organic pollution, its feature exists In:
Described electroneutral organic pollution is electroneutral organic agricultural chemicals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or Polychlorinated biphenyls.
4. the method that the potentiometry with universality as described in claim 1 or 2 detects electroneutral organic pollution, its feature It is:
The common ion be lead ion, copper ion, iron ion, chromium ion, sodium ion, potassium ion, ammonium ion, calcium ion, Magnesium ion, chlorion, bromide ion, carbanion or phosphate anion, wherein, the indication ion concentration is 1nM-1M.
5. the method that the potentiometry with universality as described in claim 1 detects electroneutral organic pollution, its feature exists In:
The polymer film ion selective electrode be solid contact polymer film ion selective electrode without internal-filling liquid or Liquid contact polymer film ion selective electrode containing internal-filling liquid.
6. the method that the potentiometry with universality as described in claim 5 detects electroneutral organic pollution, its feature exists In:
The polymer film ion selective electrode is polymer film lead ion electrodes selective, copper ion electrodes selective, iron ISE, chrome ion-selective electrode, sodium ion selective electrode, potassium ion-selective electrode, ammonium ion choosing Selecting property electrode, Calcium signaling, magnesium ion-selective electrode, chloride ion-selective electrode, bromide ion selective elcclrode, Carbanion electrodes selective or phosphoric acid radical ion-selective electrode.
7. the method that the potentiometry with universality as described in claim 1 or 2 detects electroneutral organic pollution, its feature It is:
Polymer film ion selective electrode insertion is molten containing water soluble molecules trace monomer and electroneutral pollutant to be measured In liquid, electrode surface occur polymerisation, and after through wash-out, electrode surface cover electroneutral pollutant imprinted layer;
Wherein, water soluble molecules trace monomer includes dopamine, aniline or phenol, and water soluble molecules trace monomer is dense in water It is 0.1-100mg/L to spend;Polymerization reaction time is 0.1-1000min;The eluent of the wash-out is concentration 1%-25% (v/v) Methyl alcohol, ethanol, acetone or acetonitrile.
8. the method that the potentiometry with universality as described in claim 7 detects electroneutral organic pollution, its feature exists In:The polymerization includes electropolymerization, thermal-initiated polymerization or light initiation polymerization.
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CN109632912A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-04-16 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 A method of improving polymer film ion selective electrode stability and service life in biology sample detection
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