CN104671611A - Processing method for performing standard treatment on electroplating wastewater and recycling heavy metal in water - Google Patents

Processing method for performing standard treatment on electroplating wastewater and recycling heavy metal in water Download PDF

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CN104671611A
CN104671611A CN201510083146.1A CN201510083146A CN104671611A CN 104671611 A CN104671611 A CN 104671611A CN 201510083146 A CN201510083146 A CN 201510083146A CN 104671611 A CN104671611 A CN 104671611A
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electroplating wastewater
heavy metal
water
standard
processing method
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CN104671611B (en
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董滨
张科锋
靳慧霞
沈丹妮
孟金凤
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Ningbo Institute of Technology of ZJU
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Ningbo Institute of Technology of ZJU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a processing method for performing standard treatment on the electroplating wastewater and recycling a heavy metal in the water. The processing method comprises a split-flow pretreatment step and additionally comprises the following steps: (a) removing and recycling the heavy metal: removing the heavy metal in the electroplating wastewater split-flow pretreated by an electrocoagulation float-down method and a coagulation film filtering method, and recycling the heavy metal reaction product in the electroplating wastewater; (b) removing the residual difficultly-decomposed organic matters: removing the residual difficultly-decomposed organic matters in the electroplating wastewater of step (a) in which plenty of heavy metals are removed and recycled by an oxidizing technology, a biological fluidizing technology and an absorbing technology, and further enriching the low-concentration electroplating wastewater, separating the standard effluent which can be directly discharged, and rinsing to generate the high-concentration electroplating wastewater; and (c) standard treating the condensed effluent: desalting the enriched high-concentration electroplating wastewater in step (b) by a limit integrated membrane system, and separating the standard concentrated solution which can be directly discharged and the standard recovery solution which can be directly standardized and recycled.

Description

A kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water
Technical field
The present invention relates to electroplating waste water treatment technology field, particularly relate to a kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard and the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water.
Background technology
Electroplating industry is the important processing industry of China, at present with zinc-plated, copper facing, chromium plating and nickel plating equal distribution at manufacture, light industry, electronics, aviation and instrument industry; It is reported, the annual emissions of national electroplating technology waste water, more than 400,000,000 tons, causes serious environmental pollution.Since new " plating pollutant emission standard " (GB21900-2008) formally enforcement, electroplating industry pollution emission control requires further strict.According to the preliminary statistics, the electroplating enterprise in the whole nation about 60% needs to transform further treatment facility or increase treatment facility just can reach new standard requirement.
Electroplating waste water treatment technology is also varied, generally can be divided into four classes: chemical method, Physical, physico-chemical processes, biochemical process etc.The eighties in 20th century, external Electroplating Wastewater Treatment more than 90% used chemical method at present based on multiplexed combination technology.The application percentage of domestic various waste water treatment process is followed successively by chemical method, ion exchange method, electrolytic process from big to small.These techniques all exist certain not enough in actual applications:
1, heavy metal out of electroplating wastewater content is lower usually, and water treatment amount is large, causes added amount of chemical large, easily causes secondary pollution;
2, processing unit floor space is large, and running cost is high, fixed investment is larger;
3, operational process of craft is more complicated, and operation easier is larger;
4, existing technique mostly can not low-concentration metallic in efficient recovery waste water to the treating processes of electroplating wastewater, effectively can not realize the Treatment for Reuse of electroplating wastewater simultaneously, cause comparatively serious secondary pollution;
5, newly electroplate the issuing and implementation of pollutant emission standard (GB21900-2008), make discharge standard for pollutants from electroplating industry increasingly stringent, domestic existing electroplating waste water treatment technology part cannot meet New emission standard requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the present situation for above-mentioned prior art, and supplying method is simple, efficient, cost is low, and Pollutants in Wastewater can be made to stablize reduce discharging and the process electroplating wastewater a kind of up to standard of resource utilization recycling the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water, and include the Individual pretreatment step to electroplating wastewater, the method is further comprising the steps of:
A): remove and reclaim heavy metal: utilize drift along method and coagulation membrane filtration of electrocoagulation to remove heavy metal after Individual pretreatment in electroplating wastewater, and heavy metal out of electroplating wastewater reaction product is reclaimed;
B): the removal of residual hardly degraded organic substance: adopting oxidation technology, organism fluidization technology and adsorption technology remove hardly degraded organic substance residual in electroplating wastewater and carry out enrichment further to lower concentration electroplating wastewater successively to having removed the electroplating wastewater reclaiming plurality of heavy metal in step a, isolating the waste water up to standard wash-out output high-concentration electroplating wastewater that can directly discharge;
C): concentrated wastewater to reach standard process: adopt the high-concentration electroplating wastewater of limited set film-forming system to institute's enrichment in step b to carry out desalting treatment, the standard recovery liquid of the concentrated solution up to standard and direct recycling up to standard of energy that can directly discharge is isolated.
For optimizing technique scheme, the measure taked also comprises:
In above-mentioned step a, the electrocoagulation method of drifting along is that the heavy metal ion in electroplating wastewater is separated cohesion under electrochemical reaction effect from water, and carries out flotation precipitation under bubble, removes the heavy metal that in water, proportion is larger; Coagulation membrane filtration is that the electroplating wastewater having removed part heavy metal under previous reaction effect is taken out filtration membrane after coagulation, removes further the metal ion in waste water.
In above-mentioned step a, heavy metal reaction product reclaims and comprises the following steps:
D): solid-liquid separation: by precipitation or centrifugation, throw out or isolate are reclaimed;
E): high-temperature calcination: adopt high-temperature calcination technique to reclaim the material containing metal ion the throw out in steps d or isolate.
The processing condition temperature of above-mentioned high-temperature calcination is 700-900 DEG C.
Oxidation technology in above-mentioned steps b is the Strong oxdiative ability utilizing ozone to have carries out ozone catalytic process catalytic ozonation technology to the electroplating wastewater after step a process;
Organism fluidization technology in above-mentioned steps b is adopt whirlwind-type biological fluidized bed that the electroplating wastewater after ozone catalytic process is entered with cyclone mode the whirlwind-type organism fluidization bed technique that hardly degraded organic substance in electroplating wastewater is removed in the process of eddy flow biological fluidized bed efficient biochemical further;
Adsorption technology in above-mentioned steps b be adopt polymeric adsorbent to be removed further in electroplating wastewater through polymeric adsorbent absorption reaction by the electroplating wastewater after efficient biochemical process still cannot the resin absorption technology of degradation of organic substances, described polymeric adsorbent was for adopting pretreated Polar Adsorbent Resin.
Above-mentioned Polar Adsorbent Resin is the polarity Na type resin of process containing heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent.
Above-mentioned polymeric adsorbent carries out pretreated method: get 80ml resin and be placed in resin column, a certain amount of 3-5%HCl solution is passed into the flow velocity of 5BV/h, pass into ultrapure water until water outlet pH is in neutral, then a certain amount of 3-5%NaOH solution is passed into the flow velocity of 5BV/h, and soak 2 hours, pass into ultrapure water until water outlet pH is in neutral.
Above-mentioned electroplating wastewater is dynamic adsorption through polymeric adsorbent absorption reaction: first measure 80ml wet resin with graduated cylinder and load in adsorption column, after fixing, at 25 DEG C of temperature, metallic electroplating wastewater is made to flow through adsorption column with certain constant flow rate, collect effluent liquid and measure its corresponding metal concentration, until resin reaches adsorption equilibrium, the metal concentration now in effluent liquid in the close water inlet of metal concentration.
Above-mentioned limited set film-forming system comprises supermicro filtration membrane system and desalination membrane system; This limited set film-forming system utilizes the ultimate design of reuse water pretreatment system, makes the concentrated solution energy directly qualified discharge of membrane sepn.
Above-mentioned supermicro filtration membrane system includes supermicro filtration membrane, the high-concentration electroplating wastewater of wash-out output in step b is passed through the further separating treatment of supermicro filtration membrane by this supermicro filtration membrane system, remove the pollution substance in high-concentration electroplating wastewater, desalination membrane system is screened the high-concentration electroplating wastewater after removal pollution substance further by separatory membrane, makes the concentrated solution qualified discharge of membrane sepn.
Compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes the effect of electrocoagulation-sink-float and coagulation suction filtration to process the electroplating wastewater containing heavy metal, and heavy metal is recycled, the rate of recovery is up to 80%, not only avoid the secondary pollution that heavy metal and chemical agent bring, but also add the added value of production.
The present invention passes through concerted catalysis oxidation and the adsorption of ozone-cyclone fluidized bed-polymeric adsorbent, realizes the qualified discharge of electroplating wastewater; Adopt Integrated Films system to process membrane separation concentration waste water, make it can qualified discharge, and do not need advanced treatment again, the electroplating waste-water reutilizing of more than 60% can be made, achieve resource utilization recycling.
The technology of the present invention highly versatile, cost is low, and efficiency is high, effectively can reduce secondary pollution, is adapted at plating, electron trade widespread use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of example of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
A kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard of the present invention the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water, include the Individual pretreatment step of early stage to electroplating wastewater, the method is further comprising the steps of:
A): remove and reclaim heavy metal: utilize drift along method and coagulation membrane filtration of electrocoagulation to remove heavy metal after Individual pretreatment in electroplating wastewater, and heavy metal out of electroplating wastewater reaction product is reclaimed;
B): the removal of residual hardly degraded organic substance: adopting oxidation technology, organism fluidization technology and adsorption technology remove hardly degraded organic substance residual in electroplating wastewater and carry out enrichment further to lower concentration electroplating wastewater successively to having removed the electroplating wastewater reclaiming plurality of heavy metal in step a, isolating the waste water up to standard wash-out output high-concentration electroplating wastewater that can directly discharge; Step a has been removed the further oxidation removal of hardly degraded organic substance residual in the electroplating wastewater reclaiming plurality of heavy metal by the present invention, carries out enrichment further, realize the qualified discharge of waste water to lower concentration electroplating wastewater.
C): concentrated wastewater to reach standard process: adopt the high-concentration electroplating wastewater of limited set film-forming system to institute's enrichment in step b to carry out desalting treatment, the standard recovery liquid of the concentrated solution up to standard and direct recycling up to standard of energy that can directly discharge is isolated.
In step a of the present invention, the electrocoagulation method of drifting along is that the heavy metal ion in electroplating wastewater is separated cohesion under electrochemical reaction effect from water, and carries out flotation precipitation under bubble, removes the heavy metal that in water, proportion is larger; Membrane filtration is that the electroplating wastewater having removed part heavy metal under previous reaction effect is taken out filtration membrane after coagulation, removes further the metal ion in waste water.
The present invention utilizes the effect of electrocoagulation-sink-float and coagulation suction filtration to process the electroplating wastewater containing heavy metal, and heavy metal is recycled, the rate of recovery, up to 80%, not only avoid the secondary pollution that heavy metal and chemical agent bring, but also adds the added value of production.
In above-mentioned step a, heavy metal reaction product reclaims and comprises the following steps:
D): solid-liquid separation: by precipitation or centrifugation, throw out or isolate are reclaimed;
E): high-temperature calcination: adopt high-temperature calcination technique to reclaim the material containing metal ion the throw out in steps d or isolate.
The present invention utilizes the electroplating wastewater containing heavy metal after the electrocoagulation-effect process Individual pretreatment that drifts along, and utilizes coagulation membrane filtration to reclaim heavy metal reaction product, and reclaims heavy metal substance by high-temperature calcination.
The processing condition temperature of above-mentioned high-temperature calcination is 700-900 DEG C.
Oxidation technology in above-mentioned steps b is the Strong oxdiative ability utilizing ozone to have carries out ozone catalytic process catalytic ozonation technology to the electroplating wastewater after step a process;
Organism fluidization technology in above-mentioned steps b is adopt whirlwind-type biological fluidized bed that the electroplating wastewater after ozone catalytic process is entered with cyclone mode the whirlwind-type organism fluidization bed technique that hardly degraded organic substance in electroplating wastewater is removed in the process of eddy flow biological fluidized bed efficient biochemical further; The present invention adopts whirlwind-type organism fluidization bed technique that the electroplating wastewater after ozone Oxidation Treatment is entered biological fluidized bed with eddy flow, realizes rapidly and efficiently biological degradation, removes the organism of difficult degradation in waste water further.
Adsorption technology in above-mentioned steps b be adopt polymeric adsorbent to be removed further in electroplating wastewater through polymeric adsorbent absorption reaction by the electroplating wastewater after efficient biochemical process still cannot the resin absorption technology of degradation of organic substances, polymeric adsorbent was for adopting pretreated Polar Adsorbent Resin.After the present invention makes ozone catalytic-efficient biochemical process by resin absorption technology, the residual organic matter still cannot degraded in electroplating wastewater, through polar resin absorption reaction process, guarantees that final outflow water meets emission request.
Above-mentioned Polar Adsorbent Resin is the polarity Na type resin of process containing heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent.
Above-mentioned polymeric adsorbent carries out pretreated method: get 80ml resin and be placed in resin column, a certain amount of 3-5%HCl solution is passed into the flow velocity of 5BV/h, pass into ultrapure water until water outlet pH is in neutral, then a certain amount of 3-5%NaOH solution is passed into the flow velocity of 5BV/h, and soak 2 hours, pass into ultrapure water until water outlet pH is in neutral.
Above-mentioned electroplating wastewater is dynamic adsorption through polymeric adsorbent absorption reaction: first measure 80ml wet resin with graduated cylinder and load in adsorption column, after fixing, at 25 DEG C of temperature, metallic electroplating wastewater is made to flow through adsorption column with certain constant flow rate, collect effluent liquid and measure its corresponding metal concentration, until resin reaches adsorption equilibrium, the metal concentration now in effluent liquid in the close water inlet of metal concentration.
Above-mentioned limited set film-forming system comprises supermicro filtration membrane system and desalination membrane system; This limited set film-forming system utilizes the ultimate design of reuse water pretreatment system, makes the concentrated solution energy directly qualified discharge of membrane sepn, and without the need to carrying out advanced treatment again.
Above-mentioned supermicro filtration membrane system includes supermicro filtration membrane, the high-concentration electroplating wastewater of wash-out output in step b is passed through the further separating treatment of supermicro filtration membrane by this supermicro filtration membrane system, remove the pollution substance in high-concentration electroplating wastewater, above-mentioned desalination membrane system is screened the high-concentration electroplating wastewater after removal pollution substance further by separatory membrane, makes the concentrated solution qualified discharge of membrane sepn.
Adopt the ozone secondary circulation being improved the utilising efficiency of ozone to utilize technology in catalytic ozonation technology of the present invention, ozone utilization rate is more than 90%; And in conjunction with AOPs technology, accelerate O 3decompose, to improve catalytic organism speed of reaction.
Whirlwind-type biological fluidized bed of the present invention utilizes effective fluidisation of absorbent charcoal carrier, and the swirl jet of waste water, improves O 3contact with organism evenly and reaction probability, and prevent catalysis to be in operation compacting, increase running resistance.
The present invention utilizes the electroplating wastewater containing heavy metal after the electrocoagulation-effect process Individual pretreatment that drifts along, and utilizes coagulation membrane filtration to reclaim heavy metal reaction product, and reclaims heavy metal substance by high-temperature calcination; Utilizing the concerted catalysis oxidation of ozone-cyclone fluidized bed-polymeric adsorbent and adsorption to process by removing the hardly degraded organic substance remained in the electroplating wastewater of plurality of heavy metal, making polymeric adsorbent water outlet Absorbable organic halogens qualified discharge; The high-concentration electroplating wastewater of limit of utilization Integrated Films system to the enrichment of polymeric adsorbent wash-out carries out desalting treatment, makes it can directly qualified discharge or recycling, without the need to carrying out advanced treatment again.Technique of the present invention has that cost is low, efficiency is high and the feature such as highly versatile, can heavy metal in high efficiente callback electroplating wastewater, reduces secondary pollution, is adapted at plating, electron trade widespread use.

Claims (10)

1. process electroplating wastewater up to standard the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water, includes the Individual pretreatment step to electroplating wastewater, it is characterized in that: the method is further comprising the steps of:
A): remove and reclaim heavy metal: utilize drift along method and coagulation membrane filtration of electrocoagulation to remove heavy metal after Individual pretreatment in electroplating wastewater, and heavy metal out of electroplating wastewater reaction product is reclaimed;
B): the removal of residual hardly degraded organic substance: adopting oxidation technology, organism fluidization technology and adsorption technology remove hardly degraded organic substance residual in electroplating wastewater and carry out enrichment further to lower concentration electroplating wastewater successively to having removed the electroplating wastewater reclaiming plurality of heavy metal in step a, isolating the waste water up to standard wash-out output high-concentration electroplating wastewater that can directly discharge;
C): concentrated wastewater to reach standard process: adopt the high-concentration electroplating wastewater of limited set film-forming system to institute's enrichment in step b to carry out desalting treatment, the standard recovery liquid of the concentrated solution up to standard and direct recycling up to standard of energy that can directly discharge is isolated.
2. a kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard according to claim 1 the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water, it is characterized in that: in described step a, the described electrocoagulation method of drifting along is that the heavy metal ion in electroplating wastewater is separated cohesion under electrochemical reaction effect from water, and flotation precipitation is carried out under bubble, remove the heavy metal that in water, proportion is larger; Described coagulation membrane filtration is that the electroplating wastewater having removed part heavy metal under previous reaction effect is taken out filtration membrane after coagulation, removes further the metal ion in waste water.
3. a kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard according to claim 1 the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water, is characterized in that: in described step a, heavy metal reaction product reclaims and comprises the following steps:
D): solid-liquid separation: by precipitation or centrifugation, throw out or isolate are reclaimed;
E): high-temperature calcination: adopt high-temperature calcination technique to reclaim the material containing metal ion the throw out in steps d or isolate.
4. a kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard according to claim 3 the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water, is characterized in that: the processing condition temperature of described high-temperature calcination is 700-900 DEG C.
5. a kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard according to claim 1 the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water, is characterized in that: the oxidation technology in described step b is the Strong oxdiative ability utilizing ozone to have carries out ozone catalytic process catalytic ozonation technology to the electroplating wastewater after step a process;
Organism fluidization technology in described step b is adopt whirlwind-type biological fluidized bed that the electroplating wastewater after ozone catalytic process is entered with cyclone mode the whirlwind-type organism fluidization bed technique that hardly degraded organic substance in electroplating wastewater is removed in the process of eddy flow biological fluidized bed efficient biochemical further;
Adsorption technology in described step b be adopt polymeric adsorbent to be removed further in electroplating wastewater through polymeric adsorbent absorption reaction by the electroplating wastewater after efficient biochemical process still cannot the resin absorption technology of degradation of organic substances, described polymeric adsorbent was for adopting pretreated Polar Adsorbent Resin.
6. a kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard according to claim 5 the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water, is characterized in that: described Polar Adsorbent Resin is the polarity Na type resin of process containing heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent.
7. a kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard according to claim 6 the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water, it is characterized in that: described polymeric adsorbent carries out pretreated method and is: get 80ml resin and be placed in resin column, a certain amount of 3-5%HCl solution is passed into the flow velocity of 5BV/h, pass into ultrapure water until water outlet pH is in neutral, then a certain amount of 3-5%NaOH solution is passed into the flow velocity of 5BV/h, and soak 2 hours, pass into ultrapure water until water outlet pH is in neutral.
8. a kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard according to claim 6 the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water, it is characterized in that: described electroplating wastewater is dynamic adsorption through polymeric adsorbent absorption reaction: first measure 80ml wet resin with graduated cylinder and load in adsorption column, after fixing, at 25 DEG C of temperature, metallic electroplating wastewater is made to flow through adsorption column with certain constant flow rate, collect effluent liquid and measure its corresponding metal concentration, until resin reaches adsorption equilibrium, the metal concentration now in effluent liquid in the close water inlet of metal concentration.
9. a kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard according to claim 1 the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water, is characterized in that: described limited set film-forming system comprises supermicro filtration membrane system and desalination membrane system; This limited set film-forming system utilizes the ultimate design of reuse water pretreatment system, makes the concentrated solution energy directly qualified discharge of membrane sepn.
10. a kind of process electroplating wastewater up to standard according to claim 8 the processing method of heavy metal in recycle-water, it is characterized in that: described supermicro filtration membrane system includes supermicro filtration membrane, the high-concentration electroplating wastewater of wash-out output in step b is passed through the further separating treatment of supermicro filtration membrane by this supermicro filtration membrane system, remove the pollution substance in high-concentration electroplating wastewater, described desalination membrane system is screened the high-concentration electroplating wastewater after removal pollution substance further by separatory membrane, makes the concentrated solution qualified discharge of membrane sepn.
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CN109502878A (en) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-22 上海江柘环境工程技术有限公司 A kind of electroplating waste water treatment system and its processing method
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CN113582446A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-11-02 南京大学盐城环保技术与工程研究院 Electroplating park comprehensive wastewater treatment method

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CN106630392A (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-05-10 江苏澳光电子有限公司 Method for degrading electroplating waste water by biological method
CN106630392B (en) * 2016-11-29 2019-04-16 江苏澳光电子有限公司 A kind of method of bioanalysis degradation electroplating wastewater
CN107188261A (en) * 2017-06-02 2017-09-22 北京中科康仑环境科技研究院有限公司 A kind of recycling treatment process of molybdenum-containing acid wastewater
CN109502878A (en) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-22 上海江柘环境工程技术有限公司 A kind of electroplating waste water treatment system and its processing method
CN109250867A (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-01-22 江门市崖门新财富环保工业有限公司 A kind of same thinking controlled of electroplating wastewater muddy water
CN109928559A (en) * 2019-04-29 2019-06-25 苏州无为环境科技有限公司 A kind of electroplating effluent treatment method
CN110921949A (en) * 2019-11-05 2020-03-27 四川美富特环境治理有限责任公司 Electroplating wastewater recycling treatment method
CN110921949B (en) * 2019-11-05 2022-03-29 四川美富特环境治理有限责任公司 Electroplating wastewater recycling treatment method
CN111170582A (en) * 2020-01-19 2020-05-19 昆明金泽实业有限公司 Treatment process for standard-reaching discharge and recovery of electroplating wastewater
CN112340874A (en) * 2020-10-20 2021-02-09 江苏中远稀土新材料有限公司 Method for pretreating electroplating wastewater by catalyzing persulfate through iron-containing acid solution
CN113582446A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-11-02 南京大学盐城环保技术与工程研究院 Electroplating park comprehensive wastewater treatment method
CN113582446B (en) * 2021-07-28 2022-06-03 南京大学盐城环保技术与工程研究院 Electroplating park comprehensive wastewater treatment method

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