CN104671591B

CN104671591B - A kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs and its support method

Info

Publication number: CN104671591B
Application number: CN201510039324.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱雪诞; 李巍; 胡伟; 左倬; 陆惠萍; 陈煜权; 仓基俊; 张俊; 曹卉
Original assignee: Shanghai Investigation Design and Research Institute Co Ltd SIDRI
Current assignee: Shanghai Investigation Design and Research Institute Co Ltd SIDRI
Priority date: 2015-01-26
Filing date: 2015-01-26
Publication date: 2017-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2035-01-26
Also published as: CN104671591A

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs and its support method, the raw water quality for flowing into reservoir from river course is processed using automatic water quality monitoring mechanism, water inlet regulating and controlling mechanism, reservoir area Ecology mechanism, water outlet regulating and controlling mechanism.The water quality safeguards system of the drinking water reservoirs that the present invention is provided and its support method, applied widely, drinking reservoir and can play good purification of water quality and guaranteeing role to Plain and mountain area, there is water quality to ensure that performance is high, water body purification effect is good, the high advantage of water supply security, embody ecological, low-carbon (LC), the theories such as environmental protection, there is good economy, practicality and wide applicability, it is particularly suitable for unstable in raw water quality, the reservoir water body time of staying is long, there is outrophication risk, water supply fraction is low, have drinking in reservoir for emergent water storage function concurrently to promote the use of.

Description

A kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs and its support method

Technical field

The invention belongs to hydraulic engineering and field of environment engineering technology, are related to a kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs And its support method, and in particular to a kind of water quality safeguards system of the drinking water reservoirs of exchange cycle length and water quality are maintained, Fu Ying Foster chemoprevention control and water quality safety support method.

Background technology

Drinking water service reservoir needs to protect its water quality safety as the important sources ground of urban population drinking water Barrier.At present, many drinking water service reservoirs of China have that water colour greening, water body abnormal flavour, fish kills, water quality is unstable, algae One or more problem such as aggregation, Eutrophic Extent height.The reason for causing service reservoir change of water quality is numerous, wherein most main Will also most critical the reason for be：Mountain reservoir is by the upland water water yield and rain time restriction pockety, plains region Reservoir affected by River-Net Water Quality is unstable, in order to store enough high-quality raw waters meet that annual drinking water supplies water will Asking, often the larger reservoir filling of storage capacity being built according to landform, the exchange rate that this results in reservoir water body is low, the time of staying Long, water body flow is poor, add outside pollution of area source enter and atmospheric falling dust impact, Reservoir Water Quality is progressively deteriorated, And then affect water supply fraction.

At present, throwing is taken in order to solve the problems, such as the water quality deterioration of the service reservoir of water exchange flux length, part reservoir Fish such as Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobiliss etc. is put, the aggregation of algae is reduced；Reservoir plants emergent aquactic plant, increases the purification to water body； Routine monitoring is carried out to water supply quality；The measures such as local library gulf delivery of supplemental oxygen.These measures can be played one and be set for local reservoir area With, but the water quality of the water correction for full reservoir and high-quality water body is maintained and water supply security guarantee, still suffers from very big deficiency, Effect is unsatisfactory.

It can be seen that, the water quality safeguards technique of existing drinking water service reservoir has significant limitation, needs further to grind Study carefully and explore.

Content of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs and its support method, is deposited with overcoming in prior art Above-mentioned technical problem.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs, includes water quality certainly Dynamic mechanism for monitoring, water inlet regulating and controlling mechanism, reservoir area Ecology mechanism, water outlet regulating and controlling mechanism；Wherein, the automatic water quality monitoring mechanism It is arranged on intake, reservoir center water stream slow stagnant area, the outlet of reservoir；The water inlet regulating and controlling mechanism includes multipoint water feeding Passage and flow control apparatus for water, the multipoint water feeding channel connection river course and reservoir, the flow control apparatus for water are arranged on described The intake of close river course one end in multipoint water feeding passage；The reservoir area Ecology mechanism include ecological revetment, lakeside purification zone, Bio operon facility is built in reservoir with circulation reoxygenation device, the ecological revetment, and the lakeside purification zone is protected with ecological Bank is connected, and builds in ecological revetment near waters side, and the circulation reoxygenation device is arranged on the moderate stream of reservoir center water stream Area, the bio operon distribution of facilities are arranged in Reservoir region；The water outlet regulating and controlling mechanism include water outlet control facility and Superficial water overfall facility, the water outlet control facility are arranged at the most upwind of strong wind frequency of Reservoir region, including going out pump works With surmount delivery pipe, described go out pump works be connected with water factory by outlet pipe, the delivery pipe that surmounts is arranged on outlet pipe simultaneously And the other end is connected with river course, the outlet pipe and water factory, surmounts delivery pipe junction and be respectively equipped with gate；The superficial water Overfall facility is arranged at the lower wind direction of most strong wind frequency or secondary strong wind frequency of Reservoir region, and by being connected with river course communicating pipe Logical.

Preferably, the equipment room of the automatic water quality monitoring mechanism is arranged on water intake pumping station, goes out in pump works or water body Bank.

Preferably, 3～100m of water body is stretched in the automatic monitoring water intaking position.Main dirt of the monitoring index for water body Mark is had a finger in every pie, including pH, COD_Mn、DO、NH₃- N, TN, TP etc..Being arranged on the monitoring facilities at intake should also increase monitoring volatilization The poisonous and harmful index such as phenol, and increase the monitoring of the hydrographic datas such as the water level in river course.

Preferably, the intake of the reservoir is arranged on the water inlet that raw water flows into the multipoint water feeding passage of reservoir from river course Place.

Preferably, the outlet of the reservoir is arranged on the going out at the intake of pump works of the water outlet control facility.

Preferably, the slow stagnant area of the reservoir center water stream refers to the reservoir center depth of water relatively deep (>=4m), hydrodynamic condition Poor, water body surface current speed receives windage, and middle lower floor's water volume flow rate is less than 0.001m/s, the water body holdup time longer area Domain.

Preferably, the multipoint water feeding passage is more than two of the diverse location excavation from river course being connected with reservoir Intake tunnel；Or the multipoint water feeding passage is from one total intake tunnel being connected with reservoir of channel excavation, enters always Plural point of intake tunnel connection reservoir is set on aquaporin.The multipoint water feeding passage is conducive to forming multiple spot in reservoir Water inlet.

Further, the multipoint water feeding passage is the intake tunnel of more than two, from two different river courses and reservoir It is connected.The multipoint water feeding passage the preferable river course of the preferable water quality of Various Seasonal as reservoir water source.

Further, the specification of the intake tunnel is identical.Preferably, the specification of the intake tunnel is 3-10m × 2- 3m × 10-100m (wide × deep × long).

Further, the interval between the intake tunnel is identical.Preferably, the spacing distance between the intake tunnel ≥30m.More excellent, the spacing distance between the intake tunnel is 30-50m.

Further, the specification of total intake tunnel is 5-20m × 3-4m × 100-300m (wide × deep × long).

Further, the specification of described point of intake tunnel is identical.Preferably, the specification of described point of intake tunnel is 3-10m × 2-3m × 10-50m (wide × deep × long).

Further, the interval between described point of intake tunnel is identical.Preferably, the interval between described point of intake tunnel Distance >=30m.More excellent, the spacing distance between the subchannel is 30-50m.

Further, the current time of staying >=4-6 hours in the multipoint water feeding passage.When multipoint water feeding passage only opens one During individual passage, it is ensured that 70% total water withdrawal can pass through from the passage, and the time of staying is not less than 4 hours.

Preferably, the flow control apparatus for water is selected from plane gate, gates of segmental shape, miter gate, arched gate, spherical lock Door, cylinder gate, gate valve, ball valve, concrete dam are combined with gate, in concrete dam and valve combination any one.

Preferably, the flow control apparatus for water can be realized fully opened and a fully closing, certain opening can be also rested on On Qi Du.By the keying and the regulation of different open degrees of gate, control enters the flow of inlet water of reservoir and position, for improving The fluidised form of slow stagnant area.The flow control apparatus for water should according to outer river Various Seasonal water body silt content situation, take silt content compared with Few water body, typically takes water body at the middle and upper levels.

Preferably, being additionally provided with water quality pretreatment facility in the multipoint water feeding passage.

Further, the water quality pretreatment facility is selected from settler, oxygen device, microbial flocculation device, biology Film purifying device, water plant intercept purifier, gravel dam and intercept one or more combination in purifier etc..Combination used Technology is the technology for suitably carrying out purified in situ in water body.The water quality pretreatment facility passes through one or more pre- places The silt of reason device precipitation raw water, raising water transparency preliminary purification water quality.The water quality pretreatment facility is according to scene Landform, is located in multipoint water feeding passage, without the need for other land occupation.

Preferably, the water quality pretreatment facility is settler, water plant intercepts purifier and gravel dam is intercepted The combination of purifier.Wherein, the water quality pretreatment condition is：The time of staying of pretreatment facility, in 4～12h, works as raw water Concentration of suspension>During 100mg/L, the time of staying is 8～12h；Concentration of suspension<During 100mg/L, the time of staying is 4～8h； In 2～3m, the flow velocity that plant intercepts and gravel dam is intercepted should for settling zone depth of water control<0.005～0.01m/s.Pretreatment facility Required according to different technologies, on the premise of inflow-rate of water turbine is guaranteed, multipoint water feeding passage can be taken in whole or in part.

Preferably, described go out pump works outlet be arranged far from multipoint water feeding passage and branch afflux mouth.Described At the concave bank of the luvisde that the outlet for going out pump works is not located at summer prevailing wind direction, at intake, there should be the depth of water of more than 2.5m, Should not be located in the reed marshes on bank, in order to avoid because of vegeto-animal suction blocking intake in water and affect water quality.

Preferably, described go out pump works water outlet conveyed using self filling type water sucting mode.The self filling type water sucting mode Make water to be filled with always in water-supply-pipe, during starting mode of pump, eliminate the time of aerofluxuss of pouring water, can put into operation rapidly.Can be by water The water of Ku Zhong lower floors is transported to water treatment plant, it is to avoid the short stream of water body.

Preferably, the caliber for surmounting delivery pipe arranges the requirement for meeting that reservoir was vented in 2～5 days.

Surmount delivery pipe and the bore of outlet pipe upper lock gate is consistent with the diameter of place outlet pipe preferably, described.To subtract Few local head loss.

Preferably, the superficial water overfall facility collects the floating thing at below water surface 0-20cm.

Preferably, the superficial water overfall facility is selected from straining in water installations, cast iron horn mouth upwards, scalable downflow weir Any one.

Further, described strain water installations or the bell-mouthed bottom of cast iron upwards is connected with communicating pipe by flexible pipe, overflow Head piece at 20cm below the water surface, described strain water installations or the bell-mouthed top of cast iron upwards is provided with buoyancy aid, swim in water In, fluctuate with the variation of water level.

Further, the crest of weir of the scalable downflow weir according to fluctuation of water table situation can manual adjustment be less than to the water surface with At lower 10～20cm.

Further, described strain water installations and the bell-mouthed inlet of cast iron sets up, the inlet gross area is connection 1.5～2 times of pipe basal area.

Further, the scalable downflow weir includes overflow well, scalable overflow inlet water fender, buoyancy aid and control lock Door；Buoyancy aid is arranged on water fender, and it is 10～20cm to control the overflow layer height at the top of water fender；Control valve is arranged on overflow well Interior, it is connected with the communicating pipe, the displacement of downflow weir is controlled by the regulation of keying degree.

It is algae and other floating thing accumulation points at the most strong wind frequency or the lower wind direction of secondary strong wind frequency of the Reservoir region, described Superficial water overfall facility is prevented from impact of a small amount of algae floating thing aggregation to Reservoir Water Quality.

Further, the communicating pipe is a kind of or many selected from anti-corrosive steel tube, cast iron pipe, HDPE pipes, PPR pipe, UPVC pipes etc. Plant combination.

Preferably, the ecological revetment is shore protection, bank protection or the barricade built using embankment material in reservoir.

The reservoir is referred in reservoir around one week position of Reservoir wall.

Further, the embankment material is planted selected from plant raw-soil slope, porous eco-concrete block, piling and layout of stones, jackstone, gauze pad One or more combination in the natural or artificial materials such as quilt, ecological film bag, the gabion net cage of filling gravel.

Preferably, the embankment material is the jackstone of wind wave prevention, the gabion net cage of filling gravel and porous ecology coagulation One or more combination in soil block.The embankment material is hydrophilic embankment material, and appropriate biological perches and grow, and increases Shore protection ecological, both can guarantee that the stable safety of side slope, tackled the erosion of stormy waves, can connect again material stream between land and water and Energy stream.

Preferably, the lakeside purification zone is to extend to the land-based area greenbelt of waters planting plants, water by the land-based area in storehouse week Position wave zone, phytal zone.

The lakeside purification zone by building the purification zone of zones of different in reservoir, by heavy water, floating leaf, very water, Reasonably combined, the ecological Lakeside Zone of structure complete series of the plant such as humidogene and terrestrial plant, used as waters and the material and energy of land-based area The exchange band of amount, effectively intercepts and purifies from the pollutant for entering reservoir storehouse week.

Preferably, the land-based area greenbelt is can to plant terrestrial plant in the range of the above water reservoir management of reservoir peak level Scope.

Preferably, the water table fluctuation refers to reservoir during normal operation (without the Maintenance and Repair phase), operation in storehouse The SEA LEVEL VARIATION band that peak level is formed in storehouse week with lowest water level.

Preferably, the storehouse week phytal zone of the lakeside purification zone is the region that the reservoir surrounding depth of water is 0-1.5m.

Preferably, the storehouse Zhou Qianshui sector widths of the lakeside purification zone are traditionally arranged to be 20-100m.It is the master of reservoir cleaning Body.

Preferably, the lakeside purification zone from waters to land-based area plant successively planting submerged plant, floatingleaved plant, emergent aquactic plant, Hygrophyte and terrestrial plant.

More excellent, planting submerged plant, water depth 0.3- is planted in the lakeside purification zone at water depth 0.8-1.5m Floatingleaved plant is planted at 0.8m, emergent aquactic plant at water depth≤0.3m, is planted, water table fluctuation plants hygrophyte, water level ripple Dynamic band is above to plant terrestrial plant.

Optimum, the submerged plant selected from hydrilla verticillata, p.malaianus, watermifoil, water caltrop, Herba vallisneriae Spiralis, hornwort, she One or more combination in happy algae, Herba Potamogetonis Pectinati, poly- algae etc..

Optimum, the floatingleaved plant is selected from one or more combinations such as Flos nymphaeae (Nymphaea teragona Georgi), Hemerocallis citrina Baroni floating heart, Semen Euryaless and wild Pedicellus et Pericarpium Trapaes.

Optimum, the emergent aquactic plant is selected from Herba Scirpi Tabernaemontani, Herba Typhae, phragmites communiss, canna glauca, Flos Nelumbinises, Rhizoma Iridis Tectori, yellow flag, wild rice One or more combination in.

Optimum, the hygrophyte is selected from Codium fragile (Sur.) Har., taxodium ascendens, Bermuda grass, cyperus alternifolius and foreign one or more group of Caulis Hederae Sinensiies Close.

Optimum, the terrestrial plant selected from Herba Albiziae, Radix Cinnamomi porrecti, Magnolia denudata, Hibisci Mutabilis, Ilicis Purpureae, fragrant Yunnan Huang, Radix Ophiopogonis, Herba Alii fistulosi blue, Folium Bambusae multipliciss, Caulis Seu Folium Euonymi Fortunei, Caulis Hederae Sinensiies, Caulis wisteriae sinensiss, Parthenocissus quinquefolia one or more combination.

More excellent, the cultivated area of the submerged plant accounts for more than the 15～20% of reservoir surface area, and accounts for lakeside purification zone More than the 60～80% of area.

More excellent, the hygrophyte configuration should be based on draft and shrub plant, and plant growing species is no less than 6 kinds, The alternative plantation of arbor.

More excellent, the terrestrial plant configuration Ying Qiao, filling, grass collocation, total terrestrial plant species is no less than 7 kinds, wherein tall Wooden class is no less than 2 kinds, and shrub (rattan bamboo) class is no less than 2 kinds, and draft (cover plant) is no less than 3 kinds.

Preferably, the bio operon facility is the aquatic animal that throws in Reservoir region.The bio operon facility Throwing in multiple aquatic animals in reservoir carries out filter food purification, is formed with stable beneficial to ecosystem and strengthens reservoir purification function Complete Food-Chain System.

Further, the aquatic animal includes filter-feeding fish, ferociousness Fish and zoobenthos.

Preferably, the filter-feeding fish includes Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobiliss.The filter-feeding fish is with cheek breathing, with phytoplankton For food.

More excellent, the input ratio of the Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobiliss is 4:1.

More excellent, the input density of the filter-feeding fish is 2000～3000g/ mus.

Preferably, the ferociousness Fish include Siniperca chuatsi, snakeheaded fish and fish.The ferociousness Fish are with herbivorous fishes Fish egg fish is food, is the key for reducing herbivorous fishes quantity.

More excellent, the input density of the ferociousness Fish is 500～700g/ mus.

Preferably, the zoobenthos is selected from one or more combination in Hyriopsis cumingii and Cipangopaludina chinensis etc..

More excellent, the input density of the zoobenthos is 200～400g/ mus.

The bio operon keeps stablizing for aquatic ecosystem by throwing in multiple aquatic animals, and purifies water, and utilizes Filter-feeding fish is acted on to the filter food of phytoplankton, effectively reduces gathering for algae, and the input of zoobenthos can extend ecosystem The biological chain of system, makes reservoir ecosystem more stable and complete.

Preferably, the circulation reoxygenation device is selected from the efficience oxygen increasing machine using solar energy, wind energy or electrical energy drive, circulation In the micro power mixing circulation reoxygenation facility such as reoxygenation machine and aerator any one.

Further, the power of the Micro-power cycle reoxygenation facility is more than 120W/ platforms, the recycle stream covered per complete equipment Dynamic coverage of water is centered on the Micro-power cycle reoxygenation facility, radius is 50～100m scopes.

The micro power mixing circulation reoxygenation facility can be swum on the water surface, fluctuated with the fluctuation of the water surface, had Wind and wave resistance, anti-lightning, remote data convey, prevent from disturbing the modules such as bed mud.The micro power mixing circulation reoxygenation facility can The dissolved oxygen of water body is improved, improves local water body fluidised form, improve water quality layering, suppress algae aggregation, the circulation for increasing water body is handed over The amount of changing, increases self-purification of water function.

Preferably, the water yield of regulating and storing of the reservoir is usually no more than 7～10 days.To avoid, because the water body time of staying is long, going out Existing body eutrophication.If the Reservoir Operation water yield was more than 10 days, microcirculation in storehouse should be carried out using the circulation reoxygenation device, The update cycle of water body is increased, improves water body fluidised form.

Invention further provides a kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs is in the water quality for ensureing drinking water reservoirs In purposes.

Invention further provides a kind of water quality support method of drinking water reservoirs, is supervised using automatic water quality monitoring mechanism Water quality is surveyed, the water quality safeguards system that the raw water in river course introduces above-mentioned drinking water reservoirs is processed, following step is specifically included Suddenly：

1) when automatic water quality monitoring mechanism is normal in intake monitoring water quality, flow control apparatus for water is opened, is made in river course Raw water flow into reservoir through multipoint water feeding passage, raw water is through water quality pretreatment facility, ecological revetment, lakeside purification zone, biological behaviour It is longitudinally set with after applying process, then goes out pump works through water outlet control facility, water factory's process is delivered to by outlet pipe；

2) when automatic water quality monitoring mechanism is abnormal in intake monitoring water quality, close flow control apparatus for water immediately, separate River course raw water is connected with reservoir water body, using reservoir filling to water factory's normal water supply；

3) when automatic water quality monitoring mechanism is intake monitoring water quality is normal, the slow stagnant area monitoring water quality of reservoir center water stream When exception and normal outlet monitoring water quality, flow control apparatus for water is opened, make raw water reservoir, raw water be flowed into through multipoint water feeding passage Through water quality pretreatment facility, ecological revetment, lakeside purification zone, the process of bio operon facility, and ON cycle reoxygenation device simultaneously Purify in reservoir after water quality, then go out pump works through water outlet control facility, water factory's process is delivered to by outlet pipe；

4) when automatic water quality monitoring mechanism monitors water quality exception in outlet, and water body Determination of Chlorophyll content is normal value 3 When other indexs are up to standard more than times, superficial water overfall facility is opened, will accumulate in the most strong wind frequency or secondary strong wind of Reservoir region Floating thing and algae at the lower wind direction of frequency, enters river course through communicating pipe；

5) when automatic water quality monitoring mechanism outlet monitor water quality exception, and in water body pollutant index exceed centralized During more than 1.5 times of drinking water source area standard limited value, close flow control apparatus for water immediately, and close going out on water outlet control facility The valve of pump works to water factory, while open the outlet pipe on water outlet control facility and surmount valve between delivery pipe, by water In storehouse, abnormal water body is finally then turned on flow control apparatus for water water-filling again through surmounting discharged to river course.

Preferably, the reservoir is drinking water reservoirs.

Preferably, the automatic water quality monitoring mechanism is arranged on the slow stagnant area of the intake of reservoir, reservoir center water stream, goes out The mouth of a river.

The equipment room of the automatic water quality monitoring mechanism is arranged on water intake pumping station, go out in pump works or water body bank, Stretch into 3～100m of water body in water intaking position.Water body is promoted to equipment room by water pump periodically to be monitored automatically.

Further, the automatic monitoring time limit of the automatic water quality monitoring mechanism be 4-24 hours/time.

Main contamination index of the monitoring index for water body, including pH, COD_Mn、DO、NH₃- N, TN, TP etc..It is arranged on Monitoring facilities at intake should also increase the poisonous and harmful indexs such as monitoring volatile phenol, and increase the hydrology numbers such as the water level in river course According to monitoring.

Preferably, the multipoint water feeding channel connection river course and reservoir, the flow control apparatus for water is arranged on the multiple spot The intake of close river course one end in intake tunnel.

Further, the multipoint water feeding passage is that more than two excavated from the diverse location in river course are connected with reservoir Intake tunnel；Or the multipoint water feeding passage is from one total intake tunnel being connected with reservoir of channel excavation, total Plural point of intake tunnel connection reservoir is set on intake tunnel.The multipoint water feeding passage is conducive to being formed in reservoir many Point water inlet.

Preferably, the multipoint water feeding passage is the intake tunnel of more than two, from two different river courses and reservoir phase Connection.The multipoint water feeding passage the preferable river course of the preferable water quality of Various Seasonal as reservoir water source.

Preferably, the specification of the intake tunnel is identical.More excellent, the specification of the intake tunnel is 3-10m × 2-3m × 10-100m (wide × deep × long).

Preferably, the interval between the intake tunnel is identical.More excellent, spacing distance between the intake tunnel >= 30m.Optimum, the spacing distance between the intake tunnel is 30-50m.

Preferably, the specification of total intake tunnel is 5-20m × 3-4m × 100-300m (wide × deep × long).

Preferably, the specification of the subchannel is identical.More excellent, the specification of the subchannel is 3-10m × 2-3m × 10- 50m (wide × deep × long).

Preferably, the interval between the subchannel is identical.More excellent, between the subchannel spacing distance >=30m. Optimum, the spacing distance between the subchannel is 30-50m.

Preferably, the current time of staying >=4-6 hours in the multipoint water feeding passage.When multipoint water feeding passage only opens one During passage, it is ensured that 70% total water withdrawal can pass through from the passage, and the time of staying is not less than 4 hours.

Further, the flow control apparatus for water is selected from plane gate, gates of segmental shape, miter gate, arched gate, spherical Gate, cylinder gate, gate valve, ball valve, concrete dam are combined with gate, in concrete dam and valve combination any one.

Further, the flow control apparatus for water can be realized fully opened and a fully closing, and can also rest on certain In open degree.By the keying and the regulation of different open degrees of gate, control enters the flow of inlet water of reservoir and position, for changing The fluidised form of kind slow stagnant area.The flow control apparatus for water should take silt content according to outer river Various Seasonal water body silt content situation Less water body.At the middle and upper levels water body is typically taken.

Preferably, the water quality pretreatment facility is selected from settler, oxygen device, microbial flocculation device, biomembrane Purifier, water plant intercept purifier, gravel dam and intercept one or more combination in purifier etc..Combination skill used Art is the technology for suitably carrying out purified in situ in water body.The water quality pretreatment passes through one or more pretreatment units The silt of precipitation raw water, raising water transparency preliminary purification water quality.The water quality pretreatment facility foundation site contour, if In multipoint water feeding passage, without the need for other land occupation.

Further, the water quality pretreatment facility is settler, water plant intercepts purifier and gravel dam is blocked Cut the combination of purifier.Wherein, the water quality pretreatment condition is：The time of staying of pretreatment facility, in 4～12h, works as original The concentration of suspension of water>During 100mg/L, the time of staying is 8～12h；Concentration of suspension<During 100mg/L, the time of staying be 4～ 8h；In 2～3m, the flow velocity that plant intercepts and gravel dam is intercepted should for settling zone depth of water control<0.005～0.01m/s.Pretreatment sets Apply according to different technologies requirement, on the premise of inflow-rate of water turbine is guaranteed, multipoint water feeding passage can be taken in whole or in part.

Preferably, the water outlet control facility is arranged at the most upwind of strong wind frequency of Reservoir region, including going out pump works With surmount delivery pipe, described go out pump works be connected with water factory by outlet pipe, the delivery pipe that surmounts is arranged on outlet pipe simultaneously And the other end is connected with river course.

Further, described go out pump works outlet be arranged far from multipoint water feeding passage and branch afflux mouth.Institute At the concave bank of the luvisde that the outlet for stating out pump works is not located at summer prevailing wind direction, at intake, there should be the water of more than 2.5m Deep, should not be located in the reed marshes on bank, in order to avoid because of vegeto-animal suction blocking intake in water and affect water quality.

Further, described go out pump works water outlet conveyed using self filling type water sucting mode.The self filling type water suction side Formula makes to be filled with water always in water-supply-pipe, during starting mode of pump, eliminates the time of aerofluxuss of pouring water, can put into operation rapidly.Can be by In reservoir, the water of lower floor is transported to water treatment plant, it is to avoid the short stream of water body.

Further, described go out the outlet pipe that is connected with water factory of pump works be provided with gate.

Further, the delivery pipe that surmounts is additionally provided with gate with outlet pipe junction.When normal operation, surmount discharge Closing gate on pipe, water flow through outlet pipe and flow to water factory；When Reservoir Water Quality needs to change water or emptying extremely, open and surmount row Pipe upper lock gate is put, outlet pipe upper lock gate is closed, by water body in reservoir by surmounting discharged to outer river course.

Further, the caliber for surmounting delivery pipe arranges the requirement that should meet that reservoir was vented in 2～5 days.

Further, described surmount delivery pipe and the bore of outlet pipe upper lock gate is consistent with the diameter of place outlet pipe.With Reduce local head loss.

Preferably, the superficial water overfall facility is arranged on the most strong wind frequency or the lower wind direction of secondary strong wind frequency of Reservoir region Place, and be connected with river course by communicating pipe.

Further, the superficial water overfall facility collects the floating thing at below water surface 0-20cm.

Further, the superficial water overfall facility is selected from and strains water installations, cast iron horn mouth upwards, scalable downflow weir In any one.

Preferably, described water installations are strained or the bell-mouthed bottom of cast iron upwards is connected with communicating pipe by flexible pipe, overflow Mouthful at 20cm below the water surface, described strain water installations or the bell-mouthed top of cast iron upwards is provided with buoyancy aid, swim in water, Fluctuate with the variation of water level.

Preferably, the crest of weir of the scalable downflow weir according to fluctuation of water table situation can manual adjustment be less than to the water surface At 10～20cm.

Preferably, described strain water installations and the bell-mouthed inlet of cast iron sets up, the inlet gross area is communicating pipe 1.5～2 times of basal area.

Preferably, the scalable downflow weir includes overflow well, scalable overflow inlet water fender, buoyancy aid and control lock Door；Buoyancy aid is arranged on water fender, and it is 10～20cm to control the overflow layer height at the top of water fender；Control valve is arranged on overflow well Interior, it is connected with the communicating pipe, the displacement of downflow weir is controlled by the regulation of keying degree.

The Lakeside Zone purifies and passes through to build lakeside purification zone in reservoir, by heavy water, floating leaf, very water, humidogene and The plants such as terrestrial plant reasonably combined, build complete series ecology Lakeside Zone, the material and the friendship of energy as reservoir and land-based area Tape swapping, effectively intercepts and purifies from the pollutant for entering reservoir storehouse week.

Further, the land-based area greenbelt is can to plant terrestrial plant in the range of the above water reservoir management of reservoir peak level Scope.

Further, the water table fluctuation refers to reservoir during normal operation (without the Maintenance and Repair phase), runs in storehouse The SEA LEVEL VARIATION band that formed in storehouse week of peak level and lowest water level.

Further, the storehouse week phytal zone of the lakeside purification zone is the region that the reservoir surrounding depth of water is 0-1.5m.

Further, the storehouse Zhou Qianshui sector widths of the lakeside purification zone are traditionally arranged to be 20-100m.It is reservoir cleaning Main body.

Further, the lakeside purification zone is planted planting submerged plant, floatingleaved plant, very water from waters successively to land-based area and is planted Thing, hygrophyte and terrestrial plant.

Preferably, planting submerged plant, water depth 0.3- are planted at water depth 0.8-1.5m in the lakeside purification zone Floatingleaved plant is planted at 0.8m, emergent aquactic plant at water depth≤0.3m, is planted, water table fluctuation plants hygrophyte, water level ripple Dynamic band is above to plant terrestrial plant.

More excellent, the submerged plant selected from hydrilla verticillata, p.malaianus, watermifoil, water caltrop, Herba vallisneriae Spiralis, hornwort, she One or more combination in happy algae, Herba Potamogetonis Pectinati, poly- algae etc..

More excellent, the floatingleaved plant is selected from one or more combinations such as Flos nymphaeae (Nymphaea teragona Georgi), Hemerocallis citrina Baroni floating heart, Semen Euryaless and wild Pedicellus et Pericarpium Trapaes.

More excellent, the emergent aquactic plant is selected from Herba Scirpi Tabernaemontani, Herba Typhae, phragmites communiss, canna glauca, Flos Nelumbinises, Rhizoma Iridis Tectori, yellow flag, wild rice One or more combination in.

More excellent, the hygrophyte is selected from Codium fragile (Sur.) Har., taxodium ascendens, Bermuda grass, cyperus alternifolius and foreign one or more group of Caulis Hederae Sinensiies Close.

More excellent, the terrestrial plant selected from Herba Albiziae, Radix Cinnamomi porrecti, Magnolia denudata, Hibisci Mutabilis, Ilicis Purpureae, fragrant Yunnan Huang, Radix Ophiopogonis, Herba Alii fistulosi blue, Folium Bambusae multipliciss, Caulis Seu Folium Euonymi Fortunei, Caulis Hederae Sinensiies, Caulis wisteriae sinensiss, Parthenocissus quinquefolia one or more combination.

Preferably, the cultivated area of the submerged plant accounts for more than the 15～20% of reservoir surface area, and accounts for lakeside purification zone More than the 60～80% of area.

Preferably, the hygrophyte configuration should be based on draft and shrub plant, and plant growing species is no less than 6 kinds, The alternative plantation of arbor.

Preferably, the terrestrial plant configuration Ying Qiao, filling, grass collocation, total terrestrial plant species is no less than 7 kinds, wherein tall Wooden class is no less than 2 kinds, and shrub (rattan bamboo) class is no less than 2 kinds, and draft (cover plant) is no less than 3 kinds.

More excellent, the input density of the ferociousness Fish is 500～700g/ mus.

More excellent, the input density of the zoobenthos is 200～400g/ mus.

Preferably, the circulation reoxygenation device is to arrange micro power mixing circulation reoxygenation in the slow stagnant area of reservoir center water stream Facility is purified.

Further, the micro power mixing circulation reoxygenation facility is selected from the height using solar energy, wind energy or electrical energy drive Imitate aerator, circulate any one in reoxygenation machine and aerator etc..

Preferably, the power of the Micro-power cycle reoxygenation system is more than 120W/ platforms, and covered per complete equipment circulates Coverage of water is centered on the Micro-power cycle reoxygenation facility, radius is 50～100m scopes.

Preferably, the water yield of regulating and storing of the reservoir is usually no more than 7～10 days.To avoid, because the water body time of staying is long, going out Existing body eutrophication.If the Reservoir Operation water yield was more than 10 days, microcirculation in storehouse should be carried out using the circulation reoxygenation system, The update cycle of water body is increased, improves water body fluidised form.

The present invention still further provides a kind of water quality support method of drinking water reservoirs in the water for ensureing drinking water reservoirs Purposes in matter.

As described above, a kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs of the present invention and its support method, exchange cycle length, Applied widely, drinking reservoir and can play good purification of water quality and guaranteeing role to Plain and mountain area is protected with water quality Barrier performance is high, the advantage that water body purification effect is good, water supply security is high, embodies the theories such as ecology, low-carbon (LC), environmental protection, with fine Economy, practicality and wide applicability, be particularly suitable for raw water quality is unstable, reservoir water body time of staying length, tool There is outrophication risk, water supply fraction is low, have drinking in reservoir for emergent water storage function concurrently promotes the use of.Respectively constitute in technology There is following functions and advantage：

(1) automatic water quality monitoring and multi-point entrance water comprehensive regulation mechanism are set up, it is ensured that reservoir water supply security

1. multipoint water feeding passage is provided with the present invention, intake by multiple mouthfuls of doors, can reduce the flow of inlet water of each mouthful of door, The flow velocity of in-channel water body is reduced, increases the time of staying that pretreatment is purified, improve pretreatment clean-up effect, it is ensured that float is sunk Shallow lake efficiency, improves water transparency, builds the water for providing high-quality for follow-up aquatic ecosystem.

2. multipoint water feeding passage is provided with the present invention, compared with the water inlet of single port door, multiple mouthfuls of doors are connected with reservoir, and position is not It is to be determined according to the position of natural river course, mainly by artificial constructed, by water from the close river course of 1～2 water quality Reservoir is introduced, and the interval of every intake tunnel is basically identical, passage scale is similar.Between each mouthful of door in a distance, The current mobility at mouth door is can ensure that, reservoir water inlet is changed to the water inlet of multiple spot low discharge from the water inlet of single-point big flow, it is right to reduce Entrance washes away, and can improve the water body fluidised form in the current radiation scope of multiple spot porch, and band is opened one's mouth quite big model near door The water body flow for enclosing, increases water volume flow rate, reduces the slow stagnant area of reservoir, greatly improves reservoir area fluidised form, improves reservoir area water body Self-purification capacity.Fluidised form is improved using multipoint water feeding mode, without the need for power consumption, environmental protection and energy saving, advantage are notable.

3. multipoint water feeding passage is provided with the present invention, and the dispatching flexibility of multiple mouthfuls of door water inlets is high, in conjunction with wind direction and wind-force, According to the water quality situation of reservoir area diverse location, can singly open one or two mouthful of door and concentrate water inlet, local to increase current to improve Reservoir fluidised form, can also open all mouthfuls of door dispersion water inlets, to guarantee that reservoir area has good hydrodynamic condition, improve reservoir area water body Fluidised form, increases the self-purification function of water body.

4. automatic water quality monitoring mechanism is put in intake and water outlet, and reservoir area water body there may be the area of risk Domain, according to the achievement of automatic water quality monitoring, carries out combined dispatching to ensure reservoir area water quality be this to all controllable devices in reservoir area One of key technology of open fire quality guarantee barrier.

5. when river course upland water water quality severe overweight or the sudden water environment pollution accident of generation, by upstream water quality Automatically monitoring facilities is warned, and closes all of intake entrance immediately, cuts off polluter rapidly, and the water-retention from storehouse is supplied to cities and towns are emergent Water.When in storehouse water quality monitoring station warn regional area water quality abnormal when, combined dispatching inlet control device, superficial water overflow set Apply, go out pump works and surmount delivery pipe gate etc., from regional area water volume flow rate is increased, improve water body fluidised form, increase water body net Change ability, overflow and surmounts the abnormal water body of discharge and angularly carries out rational management, it is ensured that water supply security.

(2) reduce the pollutional load of raw water using pretreatment facility, excellent water is provided for reservoir ecosystem

1. pretreatment facility is arranged on intake tunnel, using the technology of purified in situ, carries out pretreatment to reservoir area, Land-based area area is not take up, water space is taken full advantage of, the function of intake tunnel is enhanced.

2. pretreatment facility to enter reservoir area water quality carry out in situ pretreatment, using one or more combined measures, The preconditioning techniques such as precipitation, oxygen or plant interception are set in intake tunnel such as, the pollutant for reaching reduction entrance reservoir area are born Lotus, regulation acid-base value, lifting Dissolved Oxygen in Water increase the purposes such as water transparency, after pollutional load in water is reduced again Reservoir is entered, impact of the impact load to Reservoir Water Quality is reduced, can effectively prevent Reservoir Water Quality from deteriorating, reduced eutrophication and enter Journey, meets the stable needs of reservoir ecosystem, and particularly in reservoir, the growth of submerged plant is had high demands to water transparency, drop Low raw water transparency is one of major function of pretreatment system, and raw water after pretreatment can meet the need of submerged plant growth Will.

(3) complete reservoir area Ecology mechanism is built, strengthens reservoir purification function, effective guarantee water supply quality

1. the shape and depth of reservoir area be on the basis of conservation storage is met, build in conjunction with ecological revetment construction, Lakeside Zone, The measures such as ecological manipulation technology, build healthy and stable reservoir water ecology mechanism, wherein the scope of Lakeside Zone and occupy lake region Area ratio is bigger, and which is stronger to the function that water quality is purified, and ecological mechanism is more stable.

2. it is different from general reservoir area Ecology mechanism to build, invention enhances the purification function of Ecology mechanism, increases The structure of strong Lakeside Zone requires, emphasizes that body purifies water based on kind of planting submerged plant, build and be suitable for the suitable of submerged plant growth Suitable habitat.The area kind planting submerged plant of Lakeside Zone more than 80%, by the collocation of warm season pasture and water and cold-resistant pasture and water, forms 1 year The four seasons evergreen purification mechanism under water of energy, provides attachment carrier for microorganism, increases the purification function of Ecology mechanism.

3. water plant, Fish, benthonic and microorganism in the Ecology purification mechanism that the present invention builds can be formed well Biological chain, will by the increment of different types of pasture and water and the combination collocation of Fish, the fish biomass of reservoir and pasture and water A balance is formed, both can ensure that pasture and water had certain growing way purifying water body, a part can be eaten up by Fish again, reduce the dimension of pasture and water Shield harvesting work, it is to avoid secondary pollution is produced to water body.

(4) circulation reoxygenation device can save energy consumption, improve water quality, effectively suppress wawter bloom

1. by the use of solar energy, wind energy, wind light mutual complementing and a little electric energy as reoxygenation or the power resources of aeration facility, low Carbocyclic ring is protected, and save energy, maintenance management are simple.

2. not smooth in reservoir area current or substantially without flow velocity region arranges circulation reoxygenation device, using aeration mode, by sky Oxygen in gas is forced to squeeze into water body, the water body energy local mixing of upper, middle and lower layer, and drives the flowing of surrounding body, changes slow The fluidised form of stagnant area；Or by the way of circulation reoxygenation, the LDO water body of reservoir bottom is promoted to top layer, with air Reoxygenation after contact, to lower floor's water body flow, in vertical formation water circulation, improves Dissolved Oxygen in Water content, increases water volume flow rate, The self-purification function of water body is lifted, the water quality of slow stagnant area is effectively purified and maintain.

3. as the supplement of multipoint water feeding technology, multipoint water feeding technology fluidised form is improved scope is carried out with the water body of exterior domain Adjust and live, it can be ensured that reservoir area effectively suppresses the growth of blue-green alge without dead angle and stagnant water, reduces wawter bloom occurrence probability.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is shown as the water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs and its ultimate principle structure of support method of the present invention and shows It is intended to

Fig. 2 is shown as the water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs and its detailed programs structure of support method of the present invention and shows It is intended to

Reference

1 automatic water quality monitoring mechanism

2 water inlet regulating and controlling mechanisms

21 multipoint water feeding passages

22 flow control apparatus for water

3 water quality pretreatment facilities

4 reservoir area Ecology mechanisms

41 ecological revetments

42 lakeside purification zones

43 bio operon facilities

44 circulation reoxygenation devices

5 water outlet regulating and controlling mechanisms

51 superficial water overfall facilities

511 communicating pipes

52 water outlet control facilities

521 go out pump works

522 surmount delivery pipe

523 outlet pipes

Specific embodiment

Embodiments of the present invention are described below by way of specific instantiation, those skilled in the art can be by this specification Disclosed content understands other advantages and effect of the present invention easily.The present invention can also pass through in addition different concrete realities The mode of applying is carried out or applies, and the every details in this specification can also be based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from Various modifications and changes are carried out under the spirit of the present invention.

Refer to Fig. 1-2.It should be noted that the diagram provided in the present embodiment only illustrates the present invention in a schematic way Basic conception, so only show in schema with relevant component in the present invention rather than according to component count during actual enforcement, Shape and size are drawn, and which is actual when the implementing kenel of each component, quantity and ratio can be a kind of random change, and its component Layout kenel is likely to increasingly complex.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figure 1-2, the present invention provides a kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs and its support method, using water Matter means for automatic monitoring structure 1, water inlet regulating and controlling mechanism 2, reservoir area Ecology mechanism 4, water outlet regulating and controlling mechanism 5 pairs flow into reservoir from river course Raw water quality is processed.

The water inlet regulating and controlling mechanism 2 includes multipoint water feeding passage 21 and flow control apparatus for water 22, and the multipoint water feeding leads to The connection river course of road 21 and reservoir, the flow control apparatus for water 22 are arranged in the multipoint water feeding passage 21 near river course one end Intake.

The reservoir area Ecology mechanism 4 includes ecological revetment 41, lakeside purification zone 42, bio operon facility 43, circulation Reoxygenation device 44.

The water outlet regulating and controlling mechanism 5 includes water outlet control facility 52 and superficial water overfall facility 51, the water outlet regulation and control Facility 52 is arranged at the most upwind of strong wind frequency of Reservoir region, including going out pump works 521 and surmounting delivery pipe 522, described go out Pump works 521 is connected with water factory by outlet pipe 523, and the delivery pipe 522 that surmounts is arranged on outlet pipe 523 and the other end Communicate with river course；The superficial water overfall facility 51 is arranged at the lower wind direction of most strong wind frequency or secondary strong wind frequency of Reservoir region, And communicated with river course by communicating pipe 511.

The multipoint water feeding passage 21 is more than two water inlets being connected with reservoir that excavates from the diverse location in river course Passage；Or the multipoint water feeding passage 21 is from one total intake tunnel being connected with reservoir of channel excavation, intakes always Plural point of intake tunnel connection reservoir is set on passage.The multipoint water feeding passage 21 is conducive to forming multiple spot in reservoir Water inlet.The current time of staying >=4-6 hours in multipoint water feeding passage 21.

The specification of the intake tunnel is identical；The specification of the intake tunnel be 3-10m × 2-3m × 10-100m (wide × Deep × long).Interval between the intake tunnel is identical；Spacing distance >=30m between the intake tunnel, preferably 30- 50m.The specification of total intake tunnel is 5-20m × 3-4m × 100-300m (wide × deep × long).Described point of intake tunnel Specification identical；The specification of described point of intake tunnel is 3-10m × 2-3m × 10-50m (wide × deep × long).Described point of water inlet is logical Interval between road is identical；Spacing distance >=30m between described point of intake tunnel, preferably 30-50m.

Flow control apparatus for water 22 is selected from plane gate, gates of segmental shape, miter gate, arched gate, ball lock, cylinder lock Door, gate valve, ball valve, concrete dam are combined with gate, in concrete dam and valve combination any one.

The flow control apparatus for water 22 can be realized fully opened and a fully closing, and can also rest on certain open degree On.By the keying and the regulation of different open degrees of gate, control enters the flow of inlet water of reservoir and position, moderate for improving The fluidised form in stream area.The flow control apparatus for water 22 should take silt content less according to outer river Various Seasonal water body silt content situation Water body.At the middle and upper levels water body is typically taken.

Water quality pretreatment facility 3 is additionally provided with the multipoint water feeding passage 21.The water quality pretreatment facility 3 is selected from precipitation Device, oxygen device, microbial flocculation device, biomembrane purification device, water plant intercept purifier, gravel dam and intercept only Makeup put wait in one or more combine.Preferably settler, water plant intercept purifier and gravel dam is intercepted and purified The combination of device.Wherein, the water quality pretreatment condition is：The time of staying of pretreatment facility is in 4～12h, outstanding when raw water Float concentration>During 100mg/L, the time of staying is 8～12h；Concentration of suspension<During 100mg/L, the time of staying is 4～8h；Precipitation , in 2～3m, the flow velocity that plant intercepts and gravel dam is intercepted should for area's depth of water control<0.005～0.01m/s.

The water quality monitoring is carried out using automatic water quality monitoring mechanism 1.The automatic water quality monitoring mechanism 1 is arranged on reservoir Intake, reservoir center water stream slow stagnant area, outlet.The equipment room of the automatic water quality monitoring mechanism 1 is arranged on pumping plant 3～100m of water body is stretched on the bank of interior or water body, intake, and water body is promoted to equipment room by water pump periodically is carried out automatically Monitoring.

Described go out pump works 521 outlet be arranged far from multipoint water feeding passage and branch afflux mouth.The water outlet The outlet of pumping plant 521 is not located at the concave bank of the luvisde of summer prevailing wind direction, should have the depth of water of more than 2.5m, no at intake In the reed marshes on bank to be located at, in order to avoid because of vegeto-animal suction blocking intake in water and affect water quality.Described go out pump works 521 water outlets are conveyed using self filling type water sucting mode water.Described go out the outlet pipe 523 that is connected with water factory of pump works 521 on set There is gate.The delivery pipe 522 that surmounts is additionally provided with gate with 523 junction of outlet pipe.

The superficial water overfall facility 51 collects the floating thing at below water surface 0-20cm.The superficial water overfall facility 51 It is selected from and strains any one in water installations, cast iron horn mouth upwards, scalable downflow weir.

Described strain water installations or the bell-mouthed bottom of cast iron upwards is connected with communicating pipe 511 by flexible pipe, overfall exists Below the water surface at 20cm, described strain water installations or the bell-mouthed top of cast iron upwards is provided with buoyancy aid, swim in water, with water Position variation and fluctuate.

The crest of weir of the scalable downflow weir according to fluctuation of water table situation can manual adjustment be less than to below the water surface 10～ At 20cm.Described strain water installations and the bell-mouthed inlet of cast iron sets up, the inlet gross area is communicating pipe basal area 1.5～2 times.The scalable downflow weir includes overflow well, scalable overflow inlet water fender, buoyancy aid and regulating gate；Buoyancy aid It is arranged on water fender, it is 10～20cm to control the overflow layer height at the top of water fender；Control valve is arranged in overflow well, with institute State and be connected communicating pipe 511, the displacement of downflow weir is controlled by the regulation of keying degree.

The communicating pipe 511 is selected from one or more combination such as anti-corrosive steel tube, cast iron pipe, HDPE pipes, PPR pipe, UPVC pipes.

The embankment material is selected from plant raw-soil slope, porous eco-concrete block, piling and layout of stones, jackstone, gauze pad vegetation, ecological film One or more combination in the natural or artificial materials such as bag, the gabion net cage of filling gravel.It is preferred that embankment material is wind wave prevention Jackstone, filling gravel gabion net cage and porous eco-concrete block in one or more combination.

Phytal zone of the scope of the lakeside purification zone 42 comprising storehouse week, water table fluctuation and land-based area greenbelt.The water Position wave zone refers to reservoir during normal operation (without the Maintenance and Repair phase), and the peak level run in storehouse is with lowest water level in storehouse The SEA LEVEL VARIATION band that week is formed.The storehouse week phytal zone of the lakeside purification zone 42 is the region that the reservoir surrounding depth of water is 0-1.5m. The storehouse Zhou Qianshui sector widths of the lakeside purification zone 42 are traditionally arranged to be 20-100m, are the main bodys of reservoir cleaning.

The lakeside purification zone 42 is planted planting submerged plant, floatingleaved plant, emergent aquactic plant, humidogene from waters successively to land-based area and is planted Thing and terrestrial plant.Wherein, planting submerged plant, water depth are planted at water depth 0.8-1.5m in the lakeside purification zone 42 Floatingleaved plant is planted at 0.3-0.8m, emergent aquactic plant at water depth≤0.3m, is planted, water table fluctuation plants hygrophyte, water Terrestrial plant is planted more than position wave zone.

The submerged plant is selected from hydrilla verticillata, p.malaianus, watermifoil, water caltrop, Herba vallisneriae Spiralis, hornwort, waterweed, dragon One or more combination in palpus Herba potamogetonis distincti, poly- algae etc..The cultivated area of the submerged plant account for the 15～20% of reservoir surface area with On, and account for more than the 60～80% of 42 area of lakeside purification zone.

The floatingleaved plant is selected from one or more combinations such as Flos nymphaeae (Nymphaea teragona Georgi), Hemerocallis citrina Baroni floating heart, Semen Euryaless and wild Pedicellus et Pericarpium Trapaes.

The emergent aquactic plant is a kind of in Herba Scirpi Tabernaemontani, Herba Typhae, phragmites communiss, canna glauca, Flos Nelumbinises, Rhizoma Iridis Tectori, yellow flag, wild rice etc. Or multiple combination.

The hygrophyte is combined for one or more selected from Codium fragile (Sur.) Har., taxodium ascendens, Bermuda grass, cyperus alternifolius and foreign Caulis Hederae Sinensiies.Described Hygrophyte configuration should be based on draft and shrub plant, and plant growing species is no less than 6 kinds, the alternative plantation of arbor.

The terrestrial plant selected from Herba Albiziae, Radix Cinnamomi porrecti, Magnolia denudata, Hibisci Mutabilis, Ilicis Purpureae, fragrant Yunnan Huang, Radix Ophiopogonis, Herba Alii fistulosi orchid, Folium Bambusae multipliciss, Caulis Seu Folium Euonymi Fortunei, Caulis Hederae Sinensiies, Caulis wisteriae sinensiss, Parthenocissus quinquefolia one or more combination.The terrestrial plant configuration Ying Qiao, filling, grass collocation, always Terrestrial plant species be no less than 7 kinds, wherein arbor class be no less than 2 kinds, shrub (rattan bamboo) class be no less than 2 kinds, draft (planted Thing) it is no less than 3 kinds.

The bio operon facility 43 is to throw in multiple aquatic animals to carry out filter food purification in reservoir, is formed with beneficial to life State system stability and the complete Food-Chain System of reinforcing reservoir purification function.The aquatic animal include filter-feeding fish, Ferociousness Fish and zoobenthos.

The filter-feeding fish includes Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobiliss.The input ratio of the Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobiliss is 4:1.The filter-feeding The input density of Fish is 2000～3000g/ mus.

The ferociousness Fish include Siniperca chuatsi, snakeheaded fish and fish.The input density of the ferociousness Fish be 500～ 700g/ mus.

The zoobenthos is selected from one or more combination in Hyriopsis cumingii and Cipangopaludina chinensis etc..The throwing of the zoobenthos Density is put for 200～400g/ mus.

The circulation reoxygenation device 44 is to arrange micro power mixing circulation in the deeper region of the slow stagnant area of reservoir, the depth of water Reoxygenation facility is purified.The micro power mixing circulation reoxygenation facility is selected from using the drive of solar energy, wind energy or a small amount of electric energy In dynamic efficience oxygen increasing machine, circulation reoxygenation machine and aerator etc. any one.The power of the Micro-power cycle reoxygenation facility is big In 120W/ platforms, cover per complete equipment circulate coverage of water centered on the Micro-power cycle reoxygenation facility, radius be 50～100m scopes.

Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 raw water respectively enters reservoir area by 5 intake tunnels in river course, on each intake tunnel Flow control apparatus for water 22 is respectively provided with, for controlling the flow of inlet water in river course.

Specifically, in storehouse Zhou Jianshe ecological revetment 41, from pannier gabion net filling gravel as bank protection, on the one hand can be with The impact of opposing stormy waves, can grow plant in the space of another aspect gravel, with the effect that water and soil conservation, land-based area are intercepted, Biological cleaning can be played a part of with organism growth film on gravel simultaneously.

Specifically, the lakeside purification zone 42 of 50～100m is built in storehouse week, and purification zone 42 depth of water in lakeside is most deep for 1.5m, water Emergent aquactic plant, such as Herba Scirpi Tabernaemontani, Herba Typhae, phragmites communiss, canna glauca etc. is planted within deep 30cm；Plant in the range of 30～80cm of the depth of water floating Leaf plant Flos nymphaeae (Nymphaea teragona Georgi)；In the range of 80～150cm of the depth of water plant planting submerged plant, such as hydrilla verticillata, p.malaianus, watermifoil, water caltrop, Herba vallisneriae Spiralis, poly- algae etc..

Specifically, aquatic animal is thrown in storehouse, including Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobiliss, Siniperca chuatsi and mussel, throw in density and be respectively 2000g/ mus, 500g/ mus, 500g/ mus and 250g/ mus.

Specifically, in storehouse, average 10 solar energys of placement circulate reoxygenation machines.Most strong wind frequency or secondary big in Reservoir region 1 superficial water overfall facility 51 is respectively set at the lower wind direction of wind frequency, 1 automatic water quality monitoring is respectively set in intake and outlet Mechanism 1, in Reservoir region, the upwind of most strong wind frequency arranges water outlet control facility 52 at water factory.

Specifically, during operation, when the monitoring water quality of automatic water quality monitoring mechanism 1 of the intake of reservoir is normal, five are opened Individual flow control apparatus for water 22, controls raw water fluidised form, increases raw water self-purification function, makes raw water enter multipoint water feeding passage through river course 21；Current are 6-8h in the total residence time of intake tunnel, and Parallel to the flow direction is provided with water quality pretreatment facility 3, wherein, first sets Settler is put, hydraulic detention time is 2h, by thick suspended particle thing precipitation in water, improve water transparency, reduce granule The pollutant warehouse-in that thing is carried；The dissolved oxygen of water body is lifted using microbubble aerator by the water body after precipitation through peroxide device To 5mg/L, for reservoir in aquatic animal good dissolved oxygen condition is provided, and intercept purifier and gravel through water plant Dam intercepts the purification pretreatment of purifier.Through the water body of water quality pretreatment, reservoir is flowed into, by ecological revetment 41, lakeside Purification zone 42, bio operon facility 43 are further purified to water body.Reoxygenation machine is circulated by solar energy again and lifts reservoir area Dissolved oxygen, improve water quality layering, suppress algae aggregation.If reservoir occurs algae aggregation, in the presence of wind direction, reservoir area is gathered Most strong wind frequency or secondary strong wind frequency lower wind direction at, open superficial water overfall facility 51, by the water body at 0-20cm below the water surface And the algae for carrying is by putting to outer river communicating pipe 511, it is to avoid the impact to Reservoir Water Quality.When reservoir outlet water quality from After the monitoring of dynamic mechanism for monitoring 1 water quality is also normal, water pump is gone out by the upwind in Reservoir region most strong wind frequency at water factory Stand 521, absorbed water using self filling type, the water of reservoir bottom is delivered to water factory's process through outlet pipe 523, it is to avoid reservoir occurs short Stream.

During operation, when the monitoring water quality of automatic water quality monitoring mechanism 1 of the intake of reservoir is abnormal, five water are closed immediately Flow control device 22, separates outside river course and reservoir, using reservoir filling continuously to Water Works.

During operation, when automatic water quality monitoring mechanism 1 monitors water quality exception and outlet in the slow stagnant area of reservoir center water stream When monitoring water quality is normal, increase the open degree of flow control apparatus for water 22, make raw water logical through multipoint water feeding passage 21 and multipoint water feeding The water quality pretreatment facility 3 set in road 21 flows into reservoir, is edema with the heart involved in reservoir after flowing through ecological revetment 41 and lakeside purification zone 42 The slow stagnant area of stream supplements the normal raw water of water quality, while open solar energy circulation reoxygenation machine and lifting reservoir area dissolved oxygen, improving water quality Layering, suppress algae aggregation, then through described go out pump works 521, by outlet pipe 523 be delivered to water factory process；

During operation, when the monitoring water quality of automatic water quality monitoring mechanism 1 of the outlet of reservoir is abnormal, water body Determination of Chlorophyll contains Amount is more than 3 times of normal value and during other indexs up to standard, opens superficial water overfall facility 51, at 0-20cm below the water surface The algae of water body and carrying is by putting to outer river course communicating pipe 511.

During operation, when the monitoring water quality of automatic water quality monitoring mechanism 1 of the outlet of reservoir is abnormal, in water body, pollutant refer to When mark exceedes more than 1.5 times of centralized drinking water source area standard limited value, close the flow control apparatus for water 22 immediately, and close Go out the valve of pump works 521 to water factory in the water outlet control facility 52 that the upwind of Reservoir region most strong wind frequency is arranged at water factory Door, is opened outlet pipe 523 and surmounts valve between delivery pipe 522, absorbed water using self filling type, by water in reservoir by surmounting row Put pipe 522 and water body lifting is emitted into outer river course, finally open the water-filling again of flow control apparatus for water 22.

The water quality that drinking water reservoirs are processed using the inventive method, normal operation did not broke out extensive algae aggregation existing As concrete effect data is shown in Table 1.

As shown in Table 1, in run duration, water inlet is essentially surface water IV classes, and mainly exceeded index is COD_Mn, DO, TP and TN, to TN, TP, NH in present case₃-N、COD_MnAnd SS has a preferable removal effect, average total removal rate is respectively 73.0%, 82.6%th, 70.0%, 35.4% and 85.9%, go out water clarity and can lift 71.4%；DO is put down under conditions of mechanical oxygen supplement 162.9% is lifted；Water outlet pH value is always held between 6～9, and effluent quality whole year stably reaches the centralized water source of surface water Ground water supply quality Group III standard, majority parameters have reached surface water II class standards, it is ensured that the water supply security of reservoir.Also, In first flood and upstream sudden water pollution event, inlet gate can be closed rapidly, cut off outer river water inlet, using reservoir filling To Water Works 7～10 days, it is ensured that water supply security, social benefit are very notable.

1 Assessment of cleaning efficiency table of table

The principle and its effect of above-described embodiment only illustrative present invention, of the invention not for limiting.Any ripe The personage for knowing this technology all can carry out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment under the spirit and the scope without prejudice to the present invention.Cause This, those of ordinary skill in the art is complete with institute under technological thought without departing from disclosed spirit such as Into all equivalent modifications or change, should by the present invention claim be covered.

Claims

1. the water quality safeguards system of a kind of drinking water reservoirs, include automatic water quality monitoring mechanism (1), water inlet regulating and controlling mechanism (2), Reservoir area Ecology mechanism (4), water outlet regulating and controlling mechanism (5)；Wherein, automatic water quality monitoring mechanism (1) is arranged on taking for reservoir The mouth of a river, reservoir center water stream slow stagnant area, outlet；Described water inlet regulating and controlling mechanism (2) include multipoint water feeding passage (21) and Flow control apparatus for water (22), described multipoint water feeding passage (21) connection river course and reservoir, described flow control apparatus for water (22) are arranged The intake of close river course one end in multipoint water feeding passage (21)；Described reservoir area Ecology mechanism (4) include ecological shield Bank (41), lakeside purification zone (42), bio operon facility (43) and circulation reoxygenation device (44), described ecological revetment (41) build In reservoir, lakeside purification zone (42) are connected with ecological revetment (41), are built in ecological revetment (41) near waters Side, circulation reoxygenation device (44) are arranged on the slow stagnant area of reservoir center water stream, and described bio operon facility (43) are distributed It is arranged in Reservoir region；Water outlet regulating and controlling mechanism (5) include water outlet control facility (52) and superficial water overfall facility (51), water outlet control facility (52) are arranged at the most upwind of strong wind frequency of Reservoir region, including go out pump works (521) and Surmount delivery pipe (522), described go out pump works (521) be connected with water factory by outlet pipe (523), described surmount delivery pipe (522) it is arranged on that outlet pipe (523) is upper and the other end is connected with river course, outlet pipe (523) and water factory, surmounts discharge Pipe (522) junction is respectively equipped with gate；Superficial water overfall facility (51) are arranged on the most strong wind frequency or secondary of Reservoir region At the lower wind direction of strong wind frequency, and it is connected with river course by communicating pipe (511)；

Ecological revetment (41) are shore protection, bank protection or the barricade built using embankment material in reservoir；The lakeside Purification zone (42) is to extend to the land-based area greenbelt of waters planting plants, water table fluctuation, phytal zone by the land-based area in storehouse week；Described Bio operon facility (43) is the aquatic animal that throws in Reservoir region.

2. a kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the multipoint water feeding Passage (21) is more than two intake tunnels being connected with reservoir excavated from the diverse location in river course；Or many click-through Aquaporin (21) is from one total intake tunnel being connected with reservoir of channel excavation, arranges two or more on total intake tunnel Point intake tunnel connection reservoir.

3. a kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the flow cavitation result Device (22) selected from plane gate, gates of segmental shape, miter gate, arched gate, ball lock, cylinder gate, gate valve, ball valve, Concrete dam is combined with gate, in concrete dam and valve combination any one.

4. a kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the multipoint water feeding Water quality pretreatment facility (3) is additionally provided with passage (21)；Described water quality pretreatment facility (3) selected from settler, oxygen device, Microbial flocculation device, biomembrane purification device, water plant intercept purifier, gravel dam intercept a kind of in purifier or Multiple combination.

5. the water quality safeguards system of a kind of drinking water reservoirs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the superficial water overflows Stream facility (51) is selected from and strains any one in water installations, cast iron horn mouth upwards, scalable downflow weir.

6. a kind of water quality safeguards system of drinking water reservoirs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the circulation reoxygenation Micro power of the device (44) selected from the efficience oxygen increasing machine using solar energy, wind energy or electrical energy drive, circulation reoxygenation machine and aerator In mixing circulation reoxygenation facility any one.

7. drinking water reservoirs are being ensured according to a kind of water quality safeguards system of the arbitrary described drinking water reservoirs of claim 1-6 Purposes in water quality.

8. a kind of water quality support method of drinking water reservoirs, monitors water quality using automatic water quality monitoring mechanism (1), by river course Raw water introduces the water quality safeguards system of the drinking water reservoirs as described in claim 1-6 is arbitrary and is processed, and specifically includes following Step：

1) when automatic water quality monitoring mechanism (1) is normal in intake monitoring water quality, flow control apparatus for water (22) is opened, river course is made In raw water through multipoint water feeding passage (21) flow into reservoir, raw water is through water quality pretreatment facility (3), ecological revetment (41), lakeside After purification zone (42), bio operon facility (43) process, then go out pump works (521) through water outlet control facility (52), by going out Water pipe (523) is delivered to water factory's process；

2) when automatic water quality monitoring mechanism (1) is abnormal in intake monitoring water quality, flow control apparatus for water (22) is closed immediately, point Every river course, raw water is connected with reservoir water body, using reservoir filling to water factory's normal water supply；

3) when automatic water quality monitoring mechanism (1) is intake monitoring water quality is normal, the slow stagnant area monitoring water quality of reservoir center water stream When exception and normal outlet monitoring water quality, flow control apparatus for water (22) is opened, raw water is flowed into through multipoint water feeding passage (21) Reservoir, raw water is through water quality pretreatment facility (3), ecological revetment (41), lakeside purification zone (42), bio operon facility (43) place Reason, and simultaneously ON cycle reoxygenation device (44) is purified in reservoir after water quality, then go out pump works through water outlet control facility (52) (521) water factory's process is delivered to by outlet pipe (523),；

4) when automatic water quality monitoring mechanism (1) monitors water quality exception in outlet, and water body Determination of Chlorophyll content is 3 times of normal value Above and other indexs up to standard when, open superficial water overfall facility (51), will accumulate in the most strong wind frequency or secondary big of Reservoir region Floating thing and algae at the lower wind direction of wind frequency, enters river course through communicating pipe (511)；

5) when automatic water quality monitoring mechanism (1) outlet monitor water quality exception, and in water body pollutant index exceed centralized During more than 1.5 times of drinking water source area standard limited value, close flow control apparatus for water (22) immediately, and close water outlet control facility (52) valve for going out pump works (521) to water factory on, at the same open outlet pipe (523) on water outlet control facility (52) with super Abnormal water body in reservoir is emitted into river course through surmounting delivery pipe (522), is finally opened again by the valve more between delivery pipe (522) Open flow control apparatus for water (22) water-filling again.

9. a kind of water quality support method of drinking water reservoirs according to claim 8 is in the water quality for ensureing drinking water reservoirs Purposes.