CN104668776A - Laser welding method for closed type circumferential welds - Google Patents
Laser welding method for closed type circumferential welds Download PDFInfo
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- CN104668776A CN104668776A CN201510048417.XA CN201510048417A CN104668776A CN 104668776 A CN104668776 A CN 104668776A CN 201510048417 A CN201510048417 A CN 201510048417A CN 104668776 A CN104668776 A CN 104668776A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- weld
- welding
- turntable
- laser welding
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/28—Seam welding of curved planar seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0823—Devices involving rotation of the workpiece
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
A laser welding method for closed type circumferential welds includes the following steps: 1), positioning tools; 2), rotating a rotary table; 3), performing laser welding; 4), lifting a laser head after welding; 5), stopping rotation of the rotary table. By the laser welding method, the weld defect problems, such as splashing, pore generation and swelling, caused during laser welding of small and medium closed type circumferential welds can be solved effectively, welding efficiency can be improved greatly, rework of parts is avoided, welding stability of workpieces is improved, and the percent of pass of weldments reaches above 99.5%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of enclosed annular seam laser welding method, particularly relate to a kind of method for laser welding for middle-size and small-size component closed type circular weld controlled based on laser power.Belong to laser weld field.
Background technology
Laser weld is the new welding technology that 20 century 70s grow up, and laser weld is that make workpiece melted by heat, then cooling obtains weld seam laser beam irradiation very high for energy density on workpiece.The many merits such as laser welding technology has that precision is high, deep penetration, energy density are high, strong adaptability, application is more and more wider, is subject to Aero-Space, mechanical electrician, especially the great attention of auto manufacturing.
Such as in auto manufacturing, traditional welding method comprises resistance spot welding, MIG/MAG weldering and friction welding (FW) etc., and welding method is easy, easily realizes, but compared to laser weld, welding quality is not high, workpiece mutability.Because Laser Welding energy density is high, the depth of weld/width is than high, its welding quality is higher than traditional welding method, current laser weld is mainly used in the welding of vehicle body Plate Welding, blanket welding, gear and drive disk assembly etc., and the form with regard to welded seam probably can be divided into longitudinally (transverse direction) weld seam and circular weld.
When laser weld is applied to longitudinal seam, non-enclosed annular weld seam and heavy parts enclosed annular weld seam, appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, weld heat-affected zone is little, welding line joint quality is high, and without weld defects such as obvious pore, splashings, when producing for enterprise, product percent of pass is high, greatly can improve enterprise competitiveness.But middle-size and small-size component closed type circular weld is when carrying out laser weld, and in weld seam ending, the weld defects such as pore, splashing and bulge easily appear in place, occur that the probability of defect reaches more than 80%, have a strong impact on welding production.
Summary of the invention
For middle-size and small-size component closed type annular solder problem, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of method for laser welding of enclosed annular weld seam, in a period of time before weld seam ending, slow reduction laser power, laser power reduce speed therewith segment distance workpiece temperature rise speed proportional (
), the defect problem of weld seam is solved from the angle in temperature field.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in the following ways: a kind of method for laser welding of enclosed annular weld seam, comprises the following steps: 1) tool locating; 2) turntable rotates; 3) laser weld; 4) weld complete, laser head rise; 5) turntable stops the rotation; It is characterized in that:
1) tool locating: determine the middle-size and small-size rotary part needing annular solder, designs welding tooling and clamping work pieces, makes laser head place plane higher than welding plane;
2), turntable rotates: after clamping workpiece, setting laser welds related process parameters: laser power, turntable rotating speed, gas flow rate, manipulation integrating control interface, and laser head declines, and turntable rotates;
Described step 2) in turntable prior to laser weld trigger rotate time t>=(t
2'-t
0'), t
2' relevant with inertia with the response of turret systems.
3), laser weld: laser head declines, and carries out laser weld;
4), laser head rises: weld complete, laser head rises;
5), turntable stops the rotation.
Time (the t of rotation stablized by described turntable
3'-t
2')>=(t
5-t
0).
Described step 3), 4) when carrying out laser weld, in a segment distance at weld seam ending place, laser power is controlled by additional control system, and it is along with the time is in reduction, the speed proportional that changing down and this segment distance temperature rise, namely
.
Turntable in described step 5) lags behind laser weld and triggers the time t>=(t stopped the rotation
5'-t
3').
The present invention, the weld defect problems such as the splashing occurred when effectively can solve the welding of middle-size and small-size enclosed annular seam laser, pore and bulge, greatly improve welding efficiency, the secondary avoiding part is done over again, improve the welding stability of workpiece, weldment qualification rate reaches more than 99.5%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system architecture diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the time dependent working curve of motor speed.
Laser power time dependent working curve when Fig. 3 is laser weld.
Based on the time dependent working curve of laser power under power control system when Fig. 4 is laser weld.
Detailed description of the invention
Known by Fig. 1, be the system diagram that the method for laser welding of a kind of enclosed annular weld seam of the present invention is built, system is made up of laser instrument, power control system, laser head, electric machine control system, turntable, workpiece and frock clamp, integrating control interface.
With automobile gearbox part drive shift annular solder object, Jiangsu Wisoft Softuare Co., Ltd four-quadrant laser Science and Technology Ltd. ZKSX3004 coupling fiber output all-solid-state laser (mating optical and laser head) and Japan's FA NUC robot is adopted to build laser welding system.ZKSX3004 coupling fiber output all-solid-state laser is semiconductor diode array profile pump, and rated power is 3kW, and its coupling fiber achieving 400 μm at home first exports continuously, and coupling efficiency is up to 96.7%; Laser instrument adopts PLC control system, and the closed-loop control of high-precision laser power and automatic compensation function, make laser output power stability reach within 2%; Man-machine interface is friendly, and integrated interface is succinct, can simple realization and robot, lathe the system integration.
Drive shift circular weld diameter to be welded is φ 40mm, and when initial inactivity controls laser weld, the parameter chosen is: laser power P=2800W, speed of welding v=2m/min, focal distance f=150mm.Close about 30 °, place at distance weld seam, easily occur the defect such as pore, pit.Shown in Fig. 3, choose t
6=8.5s as power initial moment fall time, t
3=10s moment power is P=2500W, and power drop amplitude is 200W/s, and under power control system, weld seam is without obvious weld defect, and welding process is stablized.
1, tool locating: for concrete rotary part, designs suitable welding tooling, to ensure convenient welding, and the postwelding required precision of part.Clamping workpiece before laser weld, now for ensureing clamping efficiency, laser head place plane is higher than welding plane.
2, laser head declines, and turntable rotates.After clamping workpiece, setting laser welding related process parameters, comprises laser power, turntable rotating speed, gas flow rate etc., manipulation integrating control interface, and laser head declines, and turntable rotates.
3, laser weld is carried out.
4, weld complete, laser head rise.
5, turntable stops the rotation.
Turntable described in a kind of enclosed annular seam laser of the present invention welding method is by driven by motor, and the duty of turntable can be divided into 5 stages, as shown in Figure 2.T
0' moment, trigger turntable rotating signal, t
0' ~ t
1' be the turret systems response time; t
1' ~ t
2' obtain input signal, from zero-speed to setting speed ω for motor
1the speed rise time, time length is relevant to selected motor inertia size; t
2' ~ t
3' for turntable is with rotational speed omega
1normal operating conditions; t
3' time trigger turntable halt-transfer signal, t
3' ~ t
4' be the turntable delayed response time; t
4' ~ t
5' for turntable meets with a response, the time of stopping the rotation.In order to avoid turret systems response and motor inertia welding quality have an impact, choose turntable and trigger the time t>=(t rotated prior to laser weld
2'-t
0'), lag behind laser weld and trigger the time t>=(t stopped the rotation
5'-t
3'), the time (t of rotation stablized by turntable
3'-t
2')>=(t
5-t
0).
Described in a kind of enclosed annular seam laser of the present invention welding method, the technical scheme of step 3 is:
During general laser weld, laser power can be divided into 5 time periods over time, as shown in Figure 3, for: t
0~ t
1system response time when starting to weld; t
1~ t
2laser power density rises to stabilization time; t
2~ t
3laser stablizes weld interval; t
3~ t
4system response time when stopping welding; t
4~ t
5laser power density drops to 0.For the problems of welded quality avoiding weld seam section start and ending place insufficient (incomplete) penetration to cause, when the laser weld of circular weld, need certain stitch welding distance, namely the angle of whole circular weld is greater than 360 degree.Due to the conduction of heat of part, weld metal zone near the opposite direction of welding starting point, the process that a heating temperature rises to chilling temperature decline can be experienced, when welding heavy parts enclosed annular weld seam, be welded to herein weld metal zone time, temperature declines already, and " keyhole " that laser weld is formed can not produce unstable phenomenon, weld seam no significant defect by Yin Wendu; And when welding middle-size and small-size component closed type circular weld, weld metal zone temperature is very high, and unstability very easily appears in " keyhole ", thus very easily causes the weld defects such as pore, splashing and bulge herein.
A kind of enclosed annular of the present invention seam laser welding method butt welded seam starting point is reciprocal easily occur fault location temperature field (
) measure, propose a kind of method for laser welding for middle-size and small-size component closed type circular weld controlled based on laser power, as shown in Figure 4.At t
2with t
3between t
6in the moment, laser power is done and slow falls process, the speed proportional that the speed of reduction and heat transfer heating temperature herein rise, namely
, t
6depending on size and the Laser Welding Speed of part to be welded, t
6laser power control system can be had to set.
Claims (5)
1. a method for laser welding for enclosed annular weld seam, comprises the following steps: 1) tool locating; 2) turntable rotates; 3) laser weld; 4) weld complete, laser head rise; 5) turntable stops the rotation; It is characterized in that:
1), tool locating: determine the middle-size and small-size rotary part needing annular solder, design welding tooling and clamping work pieces, make laser head place plane higher than welding plane;
2), turntable rotates: after clamping workpiece, setting laser welds related process parameters: laser power, turntable rotating speed, gas flow rate, manipulation integrating control interface, and laser head declines, and turntable rotates;
3), laser weld: laser head declines, and carries out laser weld;
4), laser head rises: weld complete, laser head rises;
5), turntable stops the rotation.
2. the method for laser welding of a kind of enclosed annular weld seam according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 2) the stable rotational time of intermediate station is (t
3'-t
2')>=(t
5-t
0).
3. the method for laser welding of a kind of enclosed annular weld seam according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 2) intermediate station prior to laser weld trigger rotate time t>=(t
2'-t
0'), t
2' relevant with inertia with the response of turret systems.
4. the method for laser welding of a kind of enclosed annular weld seam according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 3), 4) in, in a segment distance at laser weld weld seam ending place, laser power is controlled by additional control system, it is along with the time is in reduction, the speed proportional that changing down and this segment distance temperature rise, namely
.
5. the method for laser welding of a kind of enclosed annular weld seam according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the turntable in described step 5) lags behind laser weld and triggers the time t>=(t stopped the rotation
5'-t
3').
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510048417.XA CN104668776A (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2015-01-30 | Laser welding method for closed type circumferential welds |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510048417.XA CN104668776A (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2015-01-30 | Laser welding method for closed type circumferential welds |
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|---|---|
| CN104668776A true CN104668776A (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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ID=53304642
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107081504A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-08-22 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | The human-computer interface control system of the autonomous special welding machine of circular weld |
| EP3216552A1 (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-09-13 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Laser welding methods, method of manufacturing a welded body, method of manufacturing electrode for spark plug, and method of manufacturing spark plug based on such laser welding methods |
| CN107175407A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-19 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Laser welding apparatus and its welding method |
| CN109500493A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2019-03-22 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of welding system and method for cell sealing nail |
| CN115815812A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-03-21 | 磐吉奥科技股份有限公司 | Welding method of medium-high carbon steel |
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| JP2000042739A (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2000-02-15 | Hitachi Ltd | Automatic welding method |
| CN101468426A (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-01 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Method for laser welding of piston |
| CN101468427A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2009-07-01 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Laser welding method for joint of beginning and end of closed curve |
| CN103846528A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-06-11 | 谢二文 | Annular welding method |
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2015
- 2015-01-30 CN CN201510048417.XA patent/CN104668776A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000042739A (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2000-02-15 | Hitachi Ltd | Automatic welding method |
| CN101468426A (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-01 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Method for laser welding of piston |
| CN101468427A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2009-07-01 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Laser welding method for joint of beginning and end of closed curve |
| CN103846528A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-06-11 | 谢二文 | Annular welding method |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3216552A1 (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-09-13 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Laser welding methods, method of manufacturing a welded body, method of manufacturing electrode for spark plug, and method of manufacturing spark plug based on such laser welding methods |
| US10201876B2 (en) | 2016-03-09 | 2019-02-12 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Laser welding method, method for manufacturing welded body, method for manufacturing electrode for spark plug, and method for manufacturing spark plug |
| CN107081504A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-08-22 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | The human-computer interface control system of the autonomous special welding machine of circular weld |
| CN107175407A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-19 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Laser welding apparatus and its welding method |
| CN109500493A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2019-03-22 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of welding system and method for cell sealing nail |
| CN115815812A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-03-21 | 磐吉奥科技股份有限公司 | Welding method of medium-high carbon steel |
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Application publication date: 20150603 |