CN104656083A - Ultrasonic distance measuring system having temperature compensation function and adopting pulse counting - Google Patents
Ultrasonic distance measuring system having temperature compensation function and adopting pulse counting Download PDFInfo
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- CN104656083A CN104656083A CN201510075376.3A CN201510075376A CN104656083A CN 104656083 A CN104656083 A CN 104656083A CN 201510075376 A CN201510075376 A CN 201510075376A CN 104656083 A CN104656083 A CN 104656083A
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- ultrasound wave
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
- G01S15/06—Systems determining the position data of a target
- G01S15/08—Systems for measuring distance only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52004—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/52006—Means for monitoring or calibrating with provision for compensating the effects of temperature
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic distance measuring system having a temperature compensation function and adopting pulse counting. The system comprises a microcontroller module as well as an ultrasonic transmitting module, an ultrasonic receiving module, a temperature measuring module, a display module and a power module which are connected with the microcontroller module, wherein the microcontroller module comprises a counting unit and a data processing unit, the ultrasonic transmitting module comprises an oscillator, a constant-current transmitting circuit, a first instruction transmitting circuit and an ultrasonic transmitting probe which are sequentially connected, and the ultrasonic receiving module comprises an ultrasonic receiving probe, an amplifying circuit, a shaping circuit and a second instruction transmitting circuit which are sequentially connected. The system is low in cost, high in accuracy and capable of effectively avoiding effects caused by temperature changes on the distance measuring accuracy and powerfully improving the measuring accuracy of the ultrasonic distance measuring system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic ranging system, particularly relate to a kind of ultrasonic ranging system with the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation, belong to range finding field.
Background technology
Ultrasound wave is a kind of machinery concussion in elastic medium, and it is that its frequency is at more than 20kHz caused by the concussion source contacted with medium.Because hyperacoustic speed is much smaller relative to the light velocity, its travel-time is just detected than being easier to, and be easy to directional transmissions, good directionality, intensity controls well, thus utilize ultrasonic ranging to have very important purposes in a lot of distance measurement application, comprise Non-Destructive Testing, process measurement, robot measurement and location, and fluid level measurement etc.
In atmosphere, under normal temperature, hyperacoustic velocity of propagation is 334m/s, but its velocity of propagation is by the impact of the factor such as temperature, humidity in air, and wherein temperature influence is comparatively large, and as temperature often raises 1 DEG C, the velocity of sound will increase about 0.6m/s.Therefore in identical interval measurement distance, because the wave propagation time is identical, the velocity of sound under different temperatures is different, so finally cause the distance measured unequal, in the exigent situation of range measurement accuracy, must measure temperature and compensate, to avoid temperature on the impact of measuring accuracy.Ultrasound examination processed often relatively rapidly, convenient, calculating is simple, be easy to realization, and measuring accuracy is high.
Along with expanding economy, transportation is become increasingly prosperous, but is difficult to catch up with due to the hardware such as road condition, traffic administration, add drive overtake other vehicles, principle that to go out that car is deserted, mistake estimates spacing etc. subjective, the traffic hazard of collision is mutually occurred again and again.The essential measure addressed this problem is to install and can find range from motion tracking to the automobile in advancing, self-stopping device in risk distance.
Such as application number is a kind of ultrasonic ranging method of " 201210126584.8 ", belong to electronic measuring technology field, ultrasonic transmitter and pulsed laser are in transmitting terminal, after transmitting terminal receives measuring command, pulsed laser triggers a bundle of pulsed laser, ultrasonic transmitter Triggered ultrasound ripple, is undertaken phase-locked by the ultrasound wave of triggering and external clock reference simultaneously; Ultrasonic receiver and photodiode are in receiving end, after photodiode receives pulse laser, start timer, and after ultrasonic receiver obtains the ultrasound wave received, timer stops, and obtains the transit time; Transit time is multiplied by the revised velocity of sound and obtains tested coarse range measuring value; Obtain phase differential, then accurate measurement part the invention enables receiver not to be subject to transmitter interference for obtaining measured distance, measure blind area greatly to reduce, improve the directive property of supersonic sounding, within distance accuracy being brought up to a ultrasonic wavelength, although this invention can be found range by ultrasound wave, not yet consider the impact of temperature and measuring accuracy needs to be improved further.
And for example application number is a kind of piezoelectric type ultrasonic distance measurement system of " 201210169354.X ", adopts single-chip microcomputer STC12C5202AD to produce ultrasound wave square-wave signal; Adopt hex inverter CD4069 as the pre-driver of emission coefficient and finishing circuit; Adopt integrated circuit CX20106A as the amplification of the signal of receiving system, amplitude limit, bandpass filtering, peak detection and waveform shaping circuit; Software is adopted to control the opening time of ultrasonic transmitter and the opening time of ultrasonic receiver respectively; Ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz, and wavelength is 34000/40000=0.85cm; The spacing distance of ultrasonic generator and receiver at more than 5cm, and is parallel to circuit board placement.Although this invention range measurement system improves sensitivity and the antijamming capability of piezoelectric type ultrasonic distance measurement system, and volume is little, be easy to integrated.But not yet consider the impact of temperature and measuring accuracy needs to be improved further.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of ultrasonic ranging system with the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation for the deficiency of background technology, it has low cost, high precision, and can effectively avoid reducing the impact of temperature variation on distance accuracy, improve the measuring accuracy of infrared ranging system effectively.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions:
A kind of ultrasonic ranging system with the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation, comprise micro controller module and connected ultrasound wave transmitter module, ultrasound wave receiver module, temperature-measuring module, display module and power module, described micro controller module comprises counting unit, data processing unit, described ultrasound wave transmitter module comprises the oscillator connected successively, road is launched in constant current, first instruction issue circuit and ultrasound wave transmitting probe, described ultrasound wave receiver module comprises the ultrasound wave Receiver connected successively, amplifying circuit, shaping circuit, second instruction issue circuit,
Wherein, ultrasound wave transmitter module, sends a count enable signal to counting unit by the first instruction issue circuit for launching ultrasound wave simultaneously;
Ultrasound wave receiver module, for sending a count stop signal to counting unit when receiving the ultrasound wave that barrier is reflected back for the first time by the second instruction issue circuit;
Temperature-measuring module, for Real-time Collection environment temperature;
Counting unit, is receiving the pulse number between the count enable signal of ultrasound wave transmitter module transmission and the count stop signal of ultrasound wave receiver module transmission for calculating, and then pulse number is being uploaded to data processing unit;
Data processing unit, for calculating the distance of distance barrier according to v=331.4+0.61T, t=nm, s=vt/2, is shown by display unit simultaneously in real time; Wherein, T is actual temperature, and v is the velocity of sound under current environment, and t launches ultrasound wave and the time receiving reflection wave, and n is umber of pulse, and m is the cycle of pulse.
As a kind of further preferred version with the ultrasonic ranging system of the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation of the present invention, described micro controller module is AVR series monolithic.
As a kind of further preferred version with the ultrasonic ranging system of the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation of the present invention, described display module is LCD display.
As a kind of further preferred version with the ultrasonic ranging system of the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation of the present invention, described temperature-measuring module adopts DS18B20 temperature sensing.
As a kind of further preferred version with the ultrasonic ranging system of the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation of the present invention, described power module is chargeable storage.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technique effect:
1, structure of the present invention simple, there is low cost, measuring accuracy is high;
2, the present invention adopts " counting " mode, by calculating the pulse number between the count enable signal receiving ultrasound wave sending module and the transmission of ultrasound wave receiver module and count stop signal, the large increase that made accuracy of measurement have;
3, invention increases temperature sensor temperature measurer, effectively can avoid reducing the impact of temperature variation on distance accuracy, improve the measuring accuracy of ultrasonic ranging system effectively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structure principle chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of ultrasonic ranging system with the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation, comprise micro controller module and connected ultrasound wave transmitter module, ultrasound wave receiver module, temperature-measuring module, display module and power module, described micro controller module comprises counting unit, data processing unit, described ultrasound wave transmitter module comprises the oscillator connected successively, road is launched in constant current, first instruction issue circuit and ultrasound wave transmitting probe, described ultrasound wave receiver module comprises the ultrasound wave Receiver connected successively, amplifying circuit, shaping circuit, second instruction issue circuit,
Wherein, ultrasound wave transmitter module, sends a count enable signal to counting unit by the first instruction issue circuit for launching ultrasound wave simultaneously;
Ultrasound wave receiver module, for sending a count stop signal to counting unit when receiving the ultrasound wave that barrier is reflected back for the first time by the second instruction issue circuit;
Temperature-measuring module, for Real-time Collection environment temperature;
Counting unit, is receiving the pulse number between the count enable signal of ultrasound wave transmitter module transmission and the count stop signal of ultrasound wave receiver module transmission for calculating, and then pulse number is being uploaded to data processing unit;
Data processing unit, for calculating the distance of distance barrier according to v=331.4+0.61T, t=nm, s=vt/2, is shown by display unit simultaneously in real time; Wherein, T is actual temperature, and v is the velocity of sound under current environment, and t launches ultrasound wave and the mistiming receiving reflection wave, and wherein, n is umber of pulse, and m is the cycle of pulse.
Wherein, described micro controller module is AVR series monolithic, and described display module is LCD display, and described temperature-measuring module adopts DS18B20 temperature sensing, and described power module is chargeable storage.
Current range measurement system range finding ultimate principle used is all be based upon on the basis of Measuring Time difference, and the method for Measuring Time mainly contains " pulse mode " and " frequency modulation 2 continuous wave mode ".These two kinds of metering systems are all realize with mimic channel, due to the impact of device time delay, measuring accuracy are declined greatly.The present invention adopts " counting " mode, by single-chip microcomputer process, and accuracy of measurement is had large increase.
In atmosphere, under normal temperature, hyperacoustic velocity of propagation is 334m/s, but its velocity of propagation is by the impact of the factor such as temperature, humidity in air, and wherein temperature influence is comparatively large, and as temperature often raises 1 DEG C, the velocity of sound will increase about 0.6m/s.Therefore in identical interval measurement distance, because the wave propagation time is identical, the velocity of sound under different temperatures is different, so finally cause the distance measured unequal, in the exigent situation of range measurement accuracy, must measure temperature and compensate, to avoid temperature on the impact of measuring accuracy.Native system selects DS18B20 temperature sensor as temperature survey, error-compensating apparatus, and exchanging information with single-chip microcomputer only needs an I/O mouth line, and its power supply can derive from single-chip processor i/o mouth data line, and without the need to additional power supply.Under different temperatures, the temperature variant relation of velocity of propagation is as follows in atmosphere for ultrasound wave: in v=331.4+0.61T formula, and T is actual temperature (DEG C), and v is the velocity of sound under current environment, and unit is m/s.
The present invention adopts " counting " mode, measured by single-chip microcomputer process, its ultimate principle is: ultrasound wave transmitter module is in all the time launches hyperacoustic state, ultrasound wave transmitter module is for launching ultrasound wave, send a count enable signal to counting unit, micro controller module controls counting unit and starts with certain frequency counting, when ultrasound wave receiver module first time receives the ultrasound wave that barrier is reflected back simultaneously, provide one and stop count pulse, counting unit stops counting.Micro controller module processes automatically, is multiplied by umber of pulse n just obtains launching ultrasound wave to the hyperacoustic mistiming t of reception by the period m of pulse; For calculating the distance of distance barrier according to t=nm, s=ct/2, shown in real time by display unit simultaneously; Wherein, c is the light velocity under current environment, and t is transmitted wave and the mistiming t=nm receiving reflection wave, and n is umber of pulse, and m is the cycle of pulse.
AVR single chip has prefetched instruction function, namely when an execution instruction, in advance next instruction is got into, and call instruction can be performed within a clock period; Multiple accumulator type, data processing speed is fast; AVR single chip has 32 general purpose working registers, and being equivalent to has 32 viaducts, can fast passing; Response time is fast.AVR single chip has multiple fixing interrupt vector entry address, can respond interruption fast; AVR single chip power consumption is low.For typical power consumption situation, be 100nA when WDT closes, be more suitable for battery powered application apparatus; Minimum 1.8 V of some devices get final product work; AVR single chip security performance is good.
The invention provides a kind of infrared ranging system with the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation, it has low cost, high precision, and can effectively avoid reducing the impact of temperature variation on distance accuracy, improve the measuring accuracy of infrared ranging system effectively.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are understandable that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (comprising technical term and scientific terminology) have the meaning identical with the general understanding of the those of ordinary skill in field belonging to the present invention.Should also be understood that those terms defined in such as general dictionary should be understood to have the meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of prior art, unless and define as here, can not explain by idealized or too formal implication.
Above embodiment is only and technological thought of the present invention is described, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this, and every technological thought proposed according to the present invention, any change that technical scheme basis is done, all falls within scope.By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, makes a variety of changes under can also or else departing from the prerequisite of present inventive concept.
Claims (5)
1. one kind has the ultrasonic ranging system of the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation, it is characterized in that: comprise micro controller module and connected ultrasound wave transmitter module, ultrasound wave receiver module, temperature-measuring module, display module and power module, described micro controller module comprises counting unit, data processing unit, described ultrasound wave transmitter module comprises the oscillator connected successively, road is launched in constant current, first instruction issue circuit and ultrasound wave transmitting probe, described ultrasound wave receiver module comprises the ultrasound wave Receiver connected successively, amplifying circuit, shaping circuit, second instruction issue circuit,
Wherein, ultrasound wave transmitter module, sends a count enable signal to counting unit by the first instruction issue circuit for launching ultrasound wave simultaneously;
Ultrasound wave receiver module, for sending a count stop signal to counting unit when receiving the ultrasound wave that barrier is reflected back for the first time by the second instruction issue circuit;
Temperature-measuring module, for Real-time Collection environment temperature;
Counting unit, is receiving the pulse number between the count enable signal of ultrasound wave transmitter module transmission and the count stop signal of ultrasound wave receiver module transmission for calculating, and then pulse number is being uploaded to data processing unit;
Data processing unit, for calculating the distance of distance barrier according to v=331.4+0.61T, t=nm, s=vt/2, is shown by display unit simultaneously in real time;
Wherein, T is actual temperature, and v is the velocity of sound under current environment, and t launches ultrasound wave and the mistiming receiving reflection wave, and n is umber of pulse, and m is the cycle of pulse.
2. a kind of ultrasonic ranging system with the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described micro controller module is AVR series monolithic.
3. a kind of ultrasonic ranging system with the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described display module is LCD display.
4. a kind of ultrasonic ranging system with the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described temperature-measuring module adopts DS18B20 temperature sensing.
5. a kind of ultrasonic ranging system with the employing step-by-step counting of temperature compensation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described power module is chargeable storage.
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Cited By (10)
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CN105160814A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-12-16 | 苏州玄禾物联网科技有限公司 | Car accident automatic positioning detection system based on amplification circuit |
CN105823548A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-03 | 无锡市海鹰加科海洋技术有限责任公司 | Sound velocity profiler based on TOF technology |
CN107765250A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-06 | 深圳慧源创新科技有限公司 | Supersonic range finder and unmanned plane |
CN109814107A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2019-05-28 | 江阴职业技术学院 | A kind of long-range ultrasonic ranging system based on open source hardware and virtual instrument |
CN110515082A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-29 | 长春工程学院 | A kind of automatic-range system based on ultrasound |
CN110794408A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-14 | 四川千行你我科技股份有限公司 | Displacement detection device and method for railway contact network |
CN111123201A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-05-08 | 浙江大学 | Target positioning method and device of autonomous mobile robot based on multiple ultrasonic sensors |
CN111308472A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-19 | 浙江清环智慧科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic ranging method, device, system, electronic device and storage medium |
CN111902733A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2020-11-06 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Distance measuring device, distance measuring system, distance measuring method, and program |
CN113900106A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-07 | 淮南师范学院 | Scanning type distance measurement obstacle avoidance system based on LabVIEW |
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CN105160814A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-12-16 | 苏州玄禾物联网科技有限公司 | Car accident automatic positioning detection system based on amplification circuit |
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CN113900106A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-07 | 淮南师范学院 | Scanning type distance measurement obstacle avoidance system based on LabVIEW |
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Application publication date: 20150527 |