CN104654874B - Acid regeneration unit waste gas residual heat reclaims and exhaust treatment system and method - Google Patents
Acid regeneration unit waste gas residual heat reclaims and exhaust treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104654874B CN104654874B CN201510068613.3A CN201510068613A CN104654874B CN 104654874 B CN104654874 B CN 104654874B CN 201510068613 A CN201510068613 A CN 201510068613A CN 104654874 B CN104654874 B CN 104654874B
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- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004148 unit process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
Landscapes
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of acid regeneration unit waste gas residual heat to reclaim and exhaust treatment system and method, system comprises graphite heat exchanger, graphite heat exchanger water-circulating pump, pond and cooling tower.Wherein, pond and cooling tower connect, and water-circulating pump two connects with pond and cooling tower simultaneously, and the water-circulating pump one connected with graphite heat exchanger connects with pond simultaneously.The present invention can significantly reduce exhausting waste gas amount; and reclaim a large amount of water for industrial use; the resources of production that natural gas and electric power etc. are a large amount of can be saved; for reduced cost, enhance productivity; and the recovery of the resource such as heat energy, environmental protection and water and soil conservation etc. are all very meaningful, have good facilitation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas waste heat recovery and waste gas treatment of an acid regeneration unit, in particular to a waste gas waste heat recovery and waste gas treatment system of the acid regeneration unit with higher efficiency and a waste gas waste heat recovery and waste gas treatment method of the acid regeneration unit implemented based on the system.
Background
Environmental protection is always a constraint factor of economic and social development, sustainable development must be established on the basis of environmental protection, and economic development at the cost of environmental sacrifice is not sustainable. Therefore, various technical means for resource recovery and environmental protection are developed in the high-pollution industries such as chemical industry, steel industry and the like so as to meet the requirements of sustainable development, such as the common acid regeneration mode in the steel industry.
At present, hundreds of acid regeneration units used in the domestic iron and steel industry mostly adopt the most advanced spray roasting method from the world for regeneration, but the method still cannot avoid the discharge of a large amount of water vapor and a small amount of HCI, so each unit has a marked chimney emitting 'white smoke', and the heat energy is wasted at the exhaust temperature of 75 ℃.
Although the conventional process of the classical traditional acid regenerator set carries out regeneration circulation on waste acid to the maximum extent and the connection use of the regenerator set and the pickling set is carried out, the emission index also meets the requirements of national standard GB28665-2012, the current resource recovery mode of acid regeneration is single along with the increase of capacity and increasingly strict and severe environmental protection requirements. Aiming at the problem, in terms of the technology of breadth, the aim of solving the problem is to put the problem on the water vapor discharged by the waste gas to recover heat energy, save energy and reduce emission, further improve the environment better and improve the current recovery efficiency.
Chinese patent CN201080053588.7 discloses an exhaust gas treatment and heat recovery system that relates to controlling the amount of acid that condenses and accumulates on the air preheater heat transfer elements, thereby improving the efficiency of the air preheater in extracting heat from a flue gas stream from, for example, a furnace combustion chamber. And to controlling the "humidity" of deposits on heat transfer surfaces so that the deposits can be maintained in a state that allows for their easy removal during air preheater operation. And to an air preheater configured to allow distribution of additional heat extracted from a flue gas stream. A thermally efficient regenerative air preheater extracts more thermal energy from flue gas exiting a solid fuel fired furnace by employing an alkaline injection system. This mitigates acid fouling by selectively injecting different sized alkaline particles into the air preheater. The small particles provide nucleation sites for condensation and neutralization of the acid vapor. Large particles are injected to contact and selectively adhere to the heat exchange elements and neutralize liquid acid condensing there. When the deposit accumulation exceeds a threshold, the device produces and utilizes a higher relative percentage of large particles. Similarly, a greater relative percentage of small particles is used in other cases. Mitigating fouling conditions allows the air preheater to be redesigned to achieve more heat transfer from the flue, resulting in lower flue gas exit temperatures, without excessive fouling. Means whereby more heat is extracted from the flue gas as it passes through the gas side of the regenerative air heater without the heat transfer surfaces downstream of the regenerative air preheater unit becoming excessively fouled or corroded. However, the method involved therein has high energy consumption, large industrialization cost, large technical difficulty and poor feasibility. Therefore, the method has a great obstacle in large-scale popularization and application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a waste gas waste heat recovery and waste gas treatment system of an acid regeneration unit, which comprises a graphite heat exchanger (1), a water circulating pump I (4), a water circulating pump II (3), a water pool (2) and a water cooling tower (5);
wherein,
the graphite heat exchanger (1) is divided into two stages,
the top of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is provided with a waste gas inlet (11), the lower side wall of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is provided with a combustion-supporting air inlet (13), and the upper side wall of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is provided with a combustion-supporting air outlet (12);
a waste gas outlet (17) is formed in the side wall of the second stage lower portion of the graphite heat exchanger, a condensed wastewater outlet (18) is formed in the bottom of the second stage, a water inlet (15) is formed in the side wall of the second stage lower portion, a water outlet (14) is formed in the side wall of the upper portion of the second stage lower portion, the water inlet (15) is connected with an outlet (21) of the water pool (2) through a water circulating pump I (4), and the water outlet (14) is connected with an inlet (22;
the other inlet (23) of the water tank (2) is connected with the outlet of the water cooling tower (5), and the other outlet of the water tank is connected with the inlet (5) of the water cooling tower through a water circulating pump II (3).
Preferably, the number of the graphite heat exchangers is not less than one, each graphite heat exchanger is provided with a group of water circulating pumps, each group of water circulating pumps is provided with two water circulating pumps, and one of the two water circulating pumps is reserved.
Preferably, the water circulating pump is provided with a horizontal centrifugal pump (31) and a coupling (33), a coupling shield (32) is arranged on the outer side of the coupling (33), an impeller of the horizontal centrifugal pump (31) is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the molecular weight is preferably 1-5 ten thousand, and a shaft seal of the coupling (33) is sealed by single mechanical silicon carbide.
Preferably, a conductivity meter is arranged at the water outlet (14) of the graphite heat exchanger and used for detecting the content of Cl ions in cooling water and detecting whether the graphite heat exchanger is damaged or not by leakage, and a thermometer and a pressure gauge are arranged at a combustion air outlet (12) and a waste gas outlet (17) of the graphite heat exchanger.
The invention also provides a method for recycling and treating the waste gas of the acid regeneration unit by using the waste gas waste heat recycling and treating system of the acid regeneration unit, which comprises the following steps:
1) introducing waste gas treated by an acid regeneration unit into a first-stage pipeline of a graphite heat exchanger through a first-stage top waste gas inlet (11) of the graphite heat exchanger, conveying combustion-supporting air to a combustion-supporting air inlet (13) of a first-stage lower side wall of the graphite heat exchanger by a combustion-supporting fan of the acid regeneration unit, reducing the discharge temperature of the waste gas through the temperature difference of the inner wall and the outer wall of the pipeline of the graphite heat exchanger (1), and cooling the waste gas and then introducing the cooled waste gas into a second stage of the graphite heat exchanger; the temperature of combustion-supporting air is increased, and the combustion-supporting air is conveyed to an acid regeneration unit from a first-stage combustion-supporting air outlet (12) of the graphite heat exchanger;
2) the waste gas cooled by the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger enters a pipeline of the second stage of the graphite heat exchanger, cooling water in the water pool is conveyed to a water inlet (15) of the graphite heat exchanger through a first water circulating pump and is used for cooling the waste gas in the pipeline, and water vapor and HCl in the waste gas are cooled into liquid state to flow into the bottom of the second stage of the graphite heat exchanger and are used for an absorption tower to absorb water and flow into a water collecting tank of an acid regeneration unit; the rest waste gas enters a waste gas fan, a liquid drop separator is arranged behind the waste gas fan, gas and liquid are separated, the liquid is separated again and enters a water collecting tank in the process flow of the acid regeneration unit, and the rest waste gas becomes purified gas and is discharged into the atmosphere;
3) cooling water of the graphite heat exchanger (1) enters the water pool (2) through a water outlet (14) of the graphite heat exchanger (1), and water in the water pool (2) is sent into the water cooling tower (5) to be cooled by a water circulating pump II (3) connected with the water pool (2).
Preferably, in the step 1), the first-stage waste gas of the graphite heat exchanger is cooled to 60 ℃, and the temperature of combustion air is increased to 60 ℃.
Preferably, the exhaust gas components of the first-stage top exhaust gas inlet 11 of the graphite heat exchanger are as follows: 50-60% H2O(v%)，35-40%N2(v%)，1-5%CO2(v%)，1-5%O2(v%) HCl content 15-50 mg/Nm3。
Preferably, the exhaust gas and exhaust gas components of the first-stage top exhaust gas inlet 11 of the graphite heat exchanger are as follows: 56% H2O(v%)，38%N2(v%)，3%CO2(v%)，3%O2(v%) HCl content 15-50 mg/Nm3。
Preferably, the exhaust is 5700m3H, water vapor is less than or equal to 10mg/Nm3The HCl guaranteed value: not more than 10mg/Nm3。
Preferably, the waste gas inlet speed of the first-stage top waste gas inlet 11 of the graphite heat exchanger is 0.3m3Min, the speed of the combustion air inlet 13 is 0.8m3/min。
Preferably, the temperature of the condensate water conveyed from the pool to the graphite heat exchanger is controlled to be 10-20 ℃, preferably 13 ℃, and the water flow speed of the water inlet 15 of the graphite heat exchanger is 0.5m3/min。
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention can obviously reduce the exhaust amount of waste gas, recover a large amount of industrial water, save a large amount of production resources such as natural gas, electric power and the like, has great significance for reducing the cost and improving the production efficiency, and has good promotion effect on the recovery of resources such as heat energy and the like, environmental protection, water and soil conservation and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent.
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the specification of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a system for recovering waste heat from waste gas and treating waste gas of an acid regeneration unit, which can be used as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is characterized by comprising a graphite heat exchanger (1), a first water circulation pump (4), a second water circulation pump (3), a water tank (2) and a water cooling tower (5);
wherein,
the graphite heat exchanger (1) is divided into two stages,
the top of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is provided with a waste gas inlet (11), the lower side wall of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is provided with a combustion-supporting air inlet (13), and the upper side wall of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is provided with a combustion-supporting air outlet (12);
a waste gas outlet (17) is formed in the side wall of the second stage lower portion of the graphite heat exchanger, a condensed wastewater outlet (18) is formed in the bottom of the second stage, a water inlet (15) is formed in the side wall of the second stage lower portion, a water outlet (14) is formed in the side wall of the upper portion of the second stage lower portion, the water inlet (15) is connected with an outlet (21) of the water pool (2) through a water circulating pump I (4), and the water outlet (14) is connected with an inlet (22;
the other inlet (23) of the water tank (2) is connected with the outlet of the water cooling tower (5), and the other outlet of the water tank is connected with the inlet (5) of the water cooling tower through a water circulating pump II (3).
The number of the graphite heat exchangers is not less than one, each graphite heat exchanger is provided with a group of water circulating pumps, each group of water circulating pumps is provided with two water circulating pumps, and one water circulating pump is reserved.
Preferably, the water circulating pump is provided with a horizontal centrifugal pump (31) and a coupling (33), a coupling shield (32) is arranged on the outer side of the coupling (33), an impeller of the horizontal centrifugal pump (31) is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the molecular weight is preferably 1-5 ten thousand, and a shaft seal of the coupling (33) is sealed by single mechanical silicon carbide.
Preferably, a conductivity meter is arranged at the water outlet (14) of the graphite heat exchanger and used for detecting the content of Cl ions in cooling water and detecting whether the graphite heat exchanger is damaged or not by leakage, and a thermometer and a pressure gauge are arranged at a combustion air outlet (12) and a waste gas outlet (17) of the graphite heat exchanger.
The graphite heat exchanger is used for recovering heat energy and condensing water vapor of roasting waste gas. The graphite heat exchanger is divided into an upper stage and a lower stage. The first stage and the second stage of the graphite heat exchanger are both provided with tubular heat exchangers consisting of graphite tubes, and the tubular heat exchangers are used for cooling gas to reduce the temperature of waste gas and achieve the purpose of recovering heat energy, HCI and water.
The top of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is provided with a waste gas inlet, the lower side wall of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is provided with a combustion-supporting air inlet, and the upper side wall of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is provided with a combustion-supporting air outlet; the upper part of the graphite heat exchanger exchanges heat through combustion air to recover heat energy in the waste gas. And the water in the water tank is sent into the second-stage water inlets of the graphite heat exchangers through the first graphite heat exchanger water circulating pump connected with the graphite heat exchangers to indirectly cool the waste gas.
The second stage of the graphite heat exchanger recovers moisture and HCI carried by water vapor in condensed waste gas, a condensed waste water outlet is formed in the bottom of the second stage of the graphite heat exchanger, the moisture and HCI recovered by the second stage of the graphite heat exchanger enter a water collecting tank in the acid regeneration unit process flow through the condensed waste water outlet in the bottom of the graphite heat exchanger, water collected by the water collecting tank is absorbed and used by an absorption tower in the acid regeneration unit process flow, and the recovered HCl enters the absorption tower along with the water to generate regenerated acid which returns to the acid pickling unit for recycling.
Wherein, detect the Cl ion content in the cooling water and the leakage damage condition of graphite heat exchanger water circulating pump through the conductivity meter, graphite heat exchanger delivery port sets up the conductivity meter for detect the Cl ion content in the cooling water with its detection graphite heat exchanger whether leak damage, graphite heat exchanger combustion air export and waste gas export set up thermometer and manometer.
The method for recovering waste heat of the waste gas of the acid regeneration unit and treating the waste gas comprises the following steps:
1) introducing waste gas treated by an acid regeneration unit into a first-stage pipeline of a graphite heat exchanger through a first-stage top waste gas inlet (11) of the graphite heat exchanger, conveying combustion-supporting air to a combustion-supporting air inlet (13) of a first-stage lower side wall of the graphite heat exchanger by a combustion-supporting fan of the acid regeneration unit, reducing the discharge temperature of the waste gas through the temperature difference of the inner wall and the outer wall of the pipeline of the graphite heat exchanger (1), and cooling the waste gas and then introducing the cooled waste gas into a second stage of the graphite heat exchanger; the temperature of combustion-supporting air is increased, and the combustion-supporting air is conveyed to an acid regeneration unit from a first-stage combustion-supporting air outlet (12) of the graphite heat exchanger;
in this embodiment, the roasting furnace waste gas from the old acid regeneration unit is input from the top of the first group of graphite heat exchangers from the left side, and the roasting furnace waste gas is output from the bottom to the waste gas fan of the old acid regeneration unit; and delivering combustion-supporting air into the combustion-supporting air inlet through a combustion-supporting fan of the old acid regeneration unit, and delivering the combustion-supporting air to a burner of the old acid regeneration unit through a combustion-supporting air outlet.
In this embodiment, the roasting furnace waste gas from the absorption tower of the fresh acid regeneration unit is input from the top of the second group of graphite heat exchangers from the left side, and the roasting furnace waste gas is output from the bottom to the waste gas fan of the fresh acid regeneration unit; and delivering combustion-supporting air into the combustion-supporting air inlet through a combustion-supporting fan of the neo-acid regeneration unit, and delivering the combustion-supporting air to a burner of the neo-acid regeneration unit through a combustion-supporting air outlet.
The heat energy in the waste gas is recovered by the heat exchange of the combustion air through the first stage of each graphite heat exchanger, the combustion air plays a role of a cooling medium, in the process, the waste gas is cooled to 60 ℃, and the temperature of the combustion air is increased to 60 ℃; the exhaust gas then enters the second stage of the graphite heat exchanger.
2) The waste gas cooled by the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger enters a pipeline of the second stage of the graphite heat exchanger, cooling water in the water pool is conveyed to a water inlet (15) of the graphite heat exchanger through a first water circulating pump and is used for cooling the waste gas in the pipeline, and water vapor and HCl in the waste gas are cooled into liquid state to flow into the bottom of the second stage of the graphite heat exchanger and are used for an absorption tower to absorb water and flow into a water collecting tank of an acid regeneration unit; the rest waste gas enters a waste gas fan, a liquid drop separator is arranged behind the waste gas fan, gas and liquid are separated, the liquid is separated again and enters a water collecting tank in the process flow of the acid regeneration unit, and the rest waste gas becomes purified gas and is discharged into the atmosphere;
3) cooling water of the graphite heat exchanger (1) enters the water pool (2) through a water outlet (14) of the graphite heat exchanger (1), and water in the water pool (2) is sent into the water cooling tower (5) to be cooled by a water circulating pump II (3) connected with the water pool (2).
The waste gas inlet speed of the waste gas inlet at the top of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is 0.3m3Min, the inlet speed of combustion air is 0.8m3Min, the water flow speed of the water inlet of the graphite heat exchanger is 0.5m3/min。
The temperature of the condensation water conveyed from the pool to the graphite heat exchanger is controlled at 10-20 deg.C, preferably 13 deg.C, and the stone is removedThe water flow velocity at the inlet of the ink heat exchanger was 0.5m3/min。
In the existing production, 1m is regenerated3Spent acid, generating about 2100Nm3(about 4000m under operating conditions)3) The calcination waste gas of (1). The weight coefficients of the components of the waste gas are as follows: about 56% of H2O (v%); about 38% N2(v%); about 3% CO2(v%); about 3% of O2(v%); meanwhile, the exhaust gas contains 15-50 mg/Nm3The offgas temperature of the HCl (g) is generally 75 ℃.
The waste gas containing a large amount of water vapor and trace HCl is dispersed to the surrounding environment along with the emission of the waste gas, so that the environmental pollution is caused, and therefore, the resources are recycled, the heat energy is recycled, the energy is saved, the emission is reduced, and the pollution is eliminated. Has great significance for resource recovery, environmental protection and water and soil conservation.
In economic terms, the acid washing plate pickling line which produces 120 ten thousand tons per year discharges 3.65 ten thousand meters per year3The waste acid is discharged with water vapor of about 3.65 ten thousand meters3Therefore, the recovery of the water and the heat energy resource has great economic significance.
For 120 ten thousand tons of cold-rolled and pickled plate production lines produced in each year, the original design air displacement is 24000m3The exhaust volume after the application of the invention is 8550m3H, basically eliminates water vapor and reduces emission to 15450m3H; furthermore, the discharge HCI is 10mg/Nm or less3Compared with 20mg/Nm specified by national standard GB28665-20123The reduction is not a little. In sum, the invention reduces the emission of 1560Kg of waste gas per year and can recover 39000 tons of water at the same time. Accordingly, the invention can save 97500Nm of natural gas each year3. Meanwhile, because the water vapor is stripped, the mass of the substances needing to be blown is reduced, and further the power is reduced; therefore, the running power of the waste gas fan can be reduced by 30-50%, and electricity is saved by 1023750 degrees each year.
From the foregoing, it should be apparent that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The system for recovering the waste heat of the waste gas and treating the waste gas of the acid regeneration unit is characterized by comprising a graphite heat exchanger (1), a water circulating pump I (4), a water circulating pump II (3), a water tank (2) and a water cooling tower (5);
wherein,
the graphite heat exchanger (1) is divided into two stages,
the top of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is provided with a waste gas inlet (11), the lower side wall of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is provided with a combustion-supporting air inlet (13), and the upper side wall of the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger is provided with a combustion-supporting air outlet (12);
a waste gas outlet (17) is formed in the side wall of the second stage lower portion of the graphite heat exchanger, a condensed wastewater outlet (18) is formed in the bottom of the second stage, a water inlet (15) is formed in the side wall of the second stage lower portion, a water outlet (14) is formed in the side wall of the upper portion of the second stage lower portion, the water inlet (15) is connected with an outlet (21) of the water pool (2) through a water circulating pump I (4), and the water outlet (14) is connected with an inlet (22;
the other inlet (23) of the water tank (2) is connected with the outlet of the water cooling tower (5), and the other outlet of the water tank is connected with the inlet (5) of the water cooling tower through a water circulating pump II (3).
2. The system for recovering the waste heat of the exhaust gas and treating the waste gas of the acid regeneration unit according to claim 1, wherein the number of the graphite heat exchangers is not less than one, and each graphite heat exchanger is provided with a group of water circulating pumps.
3. The system for recovering the waste heat of the exhaust gas and treating the waste gas of the acid regeneration unit according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal centrifugal pump (31) and a coupling (33) are arranged on the first water circulating pump (4) and the second water circulating pump (3), a coupling shield (32) is arranged outside the coupling (33), an impeller of the horizontal centrifugal pump (31) is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and a shaft seal of the coupling (33) is sealed by single mechanical silicon carbide.
4. The system for recovering the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the acid regeneration unit and treating the waste heat of the exhaust gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a conductivity meter is arranged at a water outlet (14) of the graphite heat exchanger and used for detecting the content of Cl ions in cooling water so as to detect whether the graphite heat exchanger is damaged by leakage, and a thermometer and a pressure gauge are arranged at a combustion air outlet (12) and a waste gas outlet (17) of the graphite heat exchanger.
5. The method for recycling and treating the waste gas of the acid regeneration unit by using the waste gas waste heat recycling and treating system of the acid regeneration unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) introducing waste gas treated by an acid regeneration unit into a first-stage pipeline of a graphite heat exchanger through a first-stage top waste gas inlet (11) of the graphite heat exchanger, conveying combustion-supporting air to a combustion-supporting air inlet (13) of a first-stage lower side wall of the graphite heat exchanger by a combustion-supporting fan of the acid regeneration unit, reducing the discharge temperature of the waste gas through the temperature difference of the inner wall and the outer wall of the pipeline of the graphite heat exchanger (1), and cooling the waste gas and then introducing the cooled waste gas into a second stage of the graphite heat exchanger; the temperature of combustion-supporting air is increased, and the combustion-supporting air is conveyed to an acid regeneration unit from a first-stage combustion-supporting air outlet (12) of the graphite heat exchanger;
2) the waste gas cooled by the first stage of the graphite heat exchanger enters a second stage pipeline of the graphite heat exchanger, cooling water in a water pool is conveyed to a water inlet (15) of the graphite heat exchanger through a first water circulating pump and is used for cooling the waste gas in the pipeline, and water vapor and HCl in the waste gas are cooled into liquid state to flow to a condensation waste water outlet (18) at the bottom of the second stage of the graphite heat exchanger and are used for an absorption tower to absorb water and flow into a water collecting tank of an acid regeneration unit; the rest waste gas enters a waste gas fan, a liquid drop separator is arranged behind the waste gas fan, gas and liquid are separated, the liquid is separated again and enters a water collecting tank in the process flow of the acid regeneration unit, and the rest waste gas becomes purified gas and is discharged into the atmosphere;
3) cooling water of the graphite heat exchanger (1) enters the water pool (2) through a water outlet (14) of the graphite heat exchanger (1), and water in the water pool (2) is sent into the water cooling tower (5) to be cooled by a water circulating pump II (3) connected with the water pool (2).
6. The method for recovering the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the acid regeneration unit and treating the waste gas according to claim 5, wherein the waste gas is cooled to 60 ℃ and the temperature of combustion air is increased to 60 ℃.
7. The method for recovering the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the acid regeneration unit and treating the waste gas of the acid regeneration unit according to claim 5, wherein the waste gas comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 50-60% H2O，35-40%N2，1-5%CO2，1-5%O2The HCl content is 15-50 mg/Nm3。
8. The method for recovering the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the acid regeneration unit and treating the waste gas of the acid regeneration unit according to claim 5, wherein the waste gas comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 56% H2O，38%N2，3%CO2，3%O2The HCl content is 15-50 mg/Nm3。
9. The method for recovering waste heat of exhaust gas of acid regeneration unit and treating exhaust gas of claim 5, wherein the exhaust gas is 5700m3H, water vapor is less than or equal to 10mg/Nm3The HCl guaranteed value: not more than 10mg/Nm3。
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| CN105036079B (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-03-08 | 德州实华化工有限公司 | A kind of system and method improving byproduct steam HCl synthetic furnace graphite block heat transfer effect |
| CN107311287A (en) * | 2017-09-02 | 2017-11-03 | 河北天创管业有限公司 | A kind of method for treating waste liquid and device based on acid regeneration process |
| CN110102151B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2022-04-08 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly oxide powder conveying system in spray roasting and operation method thereof |
| CN111298602B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2022-08-12 | 新冶高科技集团有限公司 | Acid pickling and acid regeneration combined energy-saving emission-reducing waste heat utilization system and method |
| CN112964079A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-15 | 天津海钢板材有限公司 | Flue gas recovery heat exchange device and heat exchange method for acid regeneration unit |
| CN115350565A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-11-18 | 绍兴明业化纤有限公司 | Efficient sulfuric acid waste heat recovery equipment and recovery process thereof |
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