CN104653191A - Method of earth pressure shield machine tunnelling in high efficiency in water-rich round gravel stratum - Google Patents
Method of earth pressure shield machine tunnelling in high efficiency in water-rich round gravel stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN104653191A CN104653191A CN201410857338.9A CN201410857338A CN104653191A CN 104653191 A CN104653191 A CN 104653191A CN 201410857338 A CN201410857338 A CN 201410857338A CN 104653191 A CN104653191 A CN 104653191A
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- machine
- grouting
- wear
- shield machine
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
Abstract
The invention discloses a method of an earth pressure shield machine tunnelling in high efficiency in the water-rich round gravel stratum, which includes the following steps: reasonably designing the shield machine main drive, the cutting tool diameter and the aperture ratio; performing the wear-resistant protection to a cutterhead, a cutting tool, a cutting tool box, a nozzle of the cutterhead and a screw conveyor; adopting various muck improving technologies to improve the muck in the water-rich round gravel stratum; adopting a twin screw conveyor for the shield machine to decompress so that a good deslagging effect can be achieved; controlling the tunnelling parameter of the shield machine in the process of the shield so that the problem that the settling of the shield machine in the water-rich round gravel stratum is solved; adopting the synchronous grouting and the complementary grouting behind the segment wall to control the settling of the segment, the phenomena of the serious tool wear, the ground substantial settling, spewing and the like are reduced, and the method of the earth pressure shield machine tunnelling in high efficiency in the water-rich round gravel stratum is used in the field of a shield construction method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shield construction method, particularly relate to the method for a kind of earth pressure shield tunneling machine high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum.
Background technology
Nanning City's landform is the basin shape centered by broad river valley, river, river in Guangxi.Landform shape is distinguished according to " Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning City geology series atlas " landforms and outer dynamic geological distribution map, belong to bank II grade of rank, the north of the Changjiang River, river in Guangxi, landform is more smooth, Quarternary deposit is river in Guangxi rivers stream alluvial grit gravel and soil layer, and subterrane is Tertiary mudstone, silty, argillaceous siltstoue, siltstone.In Nanning Area is generally distributed with more gravel layer and rich groundwater, circle gravel stratum grey, canescence, yellow etc., slightly close ~ in close, local is closely knit, saturated, based on gravel, small part cobble, particle diameter 2 ~ 20mm particle average content is 52.6%, it is 26.0% that particle diameter is greater than 20mm particle average content, the general 50 ~ 70mm of maximum particle diameter, and in intergranular filling, coarse sand is main, nonuniform coefficent Cu average 20.55, belongs to discontinuous gradation.Degree of rounding is better, and the following round shape is main, and the round as a ball shape of part or subangular, composition is based on quartzite, silicalite.The light person such as light yellow, white is quartz, and brown, Dark grey etc. are silicalite, are river, the river in Guangxi fluvial outwash origin cause of formation.Thickness 3.10 ~ 14.00m, average 8.15m, hit several 5.0 ~ 26.7 after heavy dynamic penetration test correction and hit, average 11.1 hit, and Nanning is positioned at river in Guangxi River Drainage and enriches location, underground water head height, and water system is complicated.It is serious that shield-tunneling construction will face tool wear on Fu Shui circle gravel stratum, and slurries run off serious, surface settlement greatly, the phenomenon construction risk such as to gush.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the invention provides the method for a kind of earth pressure shield tunneling machine high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the method for a kind of earth pressure shield tunneling machine high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum, comprises the following steps:
1), hydraulic-driven is selected in the main driving of the cutterhead of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine, the peak torque of shield machine is not less than 6228 kNm to adapt to the driving in rich water circle gravel stratum, the moment of torsion of getting rid of poverty of shield machine is not less than 7447kNm, and the cutterhead aperture opening ratio of shield machine is 20% ~ 30%;
2), shield machine employing comprises built-up welding, wear-resistant protection, the wear-resisting weldering of burning, welding wear-resistant protection block, welds the protection of wear-resistant protection method cutterhead, cutter, girff, cutterhead nozzle and the screw machine of carbide alloy bar to improve application life;
3), shield machine adopts and comprises foam and inject, add the dregs of improving technology to rich water circle gravel stratum that mud/swell soil and polymer inject and improve;
4), shield machine adopts two-screw conveyer to carry out step-down to obtain good effect of slagging tap, the draining of two-screw conveyer and slag tap and can carry out simultaneously;
5), shield machine tunnels in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum;
6), determine that the boring parameter of shield machine in shield structure process is to control surface settlement in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum, boring parameter comprises balancing earth-pressure shielding machine thrust, soil pressure controls, driving speed;
7), shield machine adopts synchronous grouting to control section of jurisdiction sedimentation while shield structure after laid section of jurisdiction wall, carries out supplementary slip casting to reduce subsequent sedimentation to the injected hole before the section of jurisdiction wall after shield mantissa ring;
8), repeat step 5), 6), 7) until constructed.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, in step 1), balancing earth-pressure shielding machine adopts conical design and is divided into anterior shield, middle shield and shield tail, and anterior shield size is greater than middle shield, and middle shield size is greater than tail shield.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, anterior shield is reserved several Pressure chamber and is used as injected foam or bentonitic injection port, anterior shield is the reserved advanced rig pipeline of several levels also, several advanced rig pipelines tilted reserved by middle shield, the motor quantity of cutter plate driver is 9, cutterhead digging diameter 6280mm.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, step 2) in cutter head panel for adding spoke wheel, the panel of cutterhead and cutterhead edge outer circumference surface all weld abrasion resistance steel plate or carbide alloy bar as wear-resistant protection, the periphery remainder of cutterhead and the knife back adopt built-up welding or few wear-resisting weldering to carry out wear-resistant protection, cutter comprises scraper, hobboing cutter and perching knife, wear-resisting weldering is all burnt on scraper and the full surface of hobboing cutter, the rear side welding abrasion resistance protection block of perching knife is as wear-resistant protection, the girff of cutter surrounding adopts welding wear-resistant protection block to carry out wear-resistant protection, screw machine comprises helical blade, helical axis and barrel, helical blade welding wear-resistant protection block, barrel welding carbide alloy bar, screw shaft surface build-up wear-resistant welds, only wear-resistant protection is adopted to the length of half screw machine before screw machine.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, in step 3), foam injects and adopts single tube list pump, the foaming agent use amount that foam injects is 60L/ ring, the expansion ratio FER of foaming agent is 1.5, the injection rate FIR of single tube list pump is 30%, foam injects the injection nozzle front end be provided with and is provided with the serum cap preventing slurries from entering plug nozzle, mud/swell soil injects native cabin, soil output and shield body inlet, the chassis of shield machine is provided with swell soil and fills with and sludge pump, and sludge pump injectability is not less than 20m
3/ h, the mud after improvement and the ratio of dregs are 16% ~ 25%, and polymer injects and adopts the high molecular polymer with strong water sorption to prevent the unearthed of screw machine from gushing, and high molecular polymer injection rate is 6kg/ ring.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, in step 4), two-screw conveyer comprises first conveying worm and second conveying worm, first conveying worm connects shield machine and is excavating the flange that the pressure wall in region is provided with, first conveying worm is provided with the early gate of slag dumping, and second conveying worm connects early gate
,second conveying worm is provided with the late gate of emergency cut-off slag notch, and second helical feed motor spindle is also provided with gutter, and first conveying worm and second conveying worm independently control.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, in step 7), shield machine is provided with single fluid grouting system and secondary double-liquid grouting system, single fluid grouting system is applied to the synchronous grouting simultaneously carried out with shield driving, single fluid grouting system comprises some grouting pumps, secondary grouting system is applied to the supplementary slip casting that the section of jurisdiction injected hole after shield mantissa ring carries out, and secondary grouting system comprises A liquid pump and B liquid pump.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, synchronous grouting system adopts 3 grouting pumps, and grouting pump slip casting ability is 30m
3/ h and pulp injection tank capacity are 7m
36 synchronous grouting pipes and 6 synchronous grouting pipes for subsequent use are provided with in shield tail, the slurries of synchronous grouting comprise cement, flyash, swell soil, Sha Heshui; the water mud ︰ powder coal ash swollen profit of ︰ native ︰ sand ︰ water is 250 ︰ 170 ︰ 40 ︰ 380 ︰ 560, the grouting pressure of grouting pump is within the scope of 0.15 ~ 0.20MPa, and every ring grouting amount of grouting pump controls at 6 ~ 7m
3, A liquid pump and B liquid pump all adopt water glass and cement paste, the ratio of water glass and cement paste be the grouting pressure of 1 ︰ 10, A liquid pump and B liquid pump all within the scope of 0.45 ~ 0.55MPa, A liquid pump ability to work is 3.5m
3/ h, B liquid pump ability to work is 1m
3/ h.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, during shield driving, in step 6), the soil pressure of shield machine controls at 0.8 ~ 1.1bar, the unearthed amount that shield machine first elects 100 ring sections is stabilized in 60 ~ 65 sides, start driving time shield machine driving speed at 10 ~ 30mm/min, driving speed is stabilized in 30 ~ 35mm/min afterwards, and the thrust range of shield machine is 9000 ~ 11000KN.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the main driving of method appropriate design shield machine of this earth pressure shield tunneling machine high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum and tool diameter, aperture opening ratio, improve the compliance that shield machine tunnels in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum, to cutterhead, cutter, girff, cutterhead nozzle and screw machine carry out the application life that wear-resistant protection improves cutter and screw machine, pass through foam injection systems, add mud/swell soil system and polymer injected system carries out diversification improvement to dregs, dregs in conditioned soil storehouse, prevent from screw machine to be unearthed to gush, guarantee that shield driving is smooth, adopt two conveying worm systems, improve slag discharge efficiency, draining simultaneously can be carried out with slagging tap simultaneously, prevent the generation of gushing further, by synchronous grouting system and supplementary filling system, carry out grouting be-hind segment, grouting layer backfill is closely knit, reduce section of jurisdiction faulting of slab ends, seepage and tunnel subsidence, ground and Adjacent Buildings is kept to stablize, determine the thrust of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine in rich water circle gravel stratum, the parameters such as soil pressure control and driving speed, ensure that Land-Subsidence Control, reduce the risk of shield-tunneling construction, improve workmanship, save duration and cost of production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is balancing earth-pressure shielding machine and soil body relation overall structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention is the method for a kind of earth pressure shield tunneling machine high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum, comprises the following steps:
1), hydraulic-driven is selected in the main driving of the cutterhead of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine 7, the peak torque of shield machine 7 is not less than 6228 kNm to adapt to the driving in rich water circle gravel stratum 5, the moment of torsion of getting rid of poverty of shield machine 7 is not less than 7447kNm, and the cutterhead aperture opening ratio of shield machine 7 is 20% ~ 30%;
2), shield machine 7 employing comprises built-up welding, wear-resistant protection, the wear-resisting weldering of burning, welding wear-resistant protection block, welds the protection of wear-resistant protection method cutterhead, cutter, girff, cutterhead nozzle and the screw machine of carbide alloy bar to improve application life;
3), shield machine 7 adopts and comprises foam and inject, add the dregs of improving technology to rich water circle gravel stratum 5 that mud/swell soil and polymer inject and improve;
4), shield machine 7 adopts two-screw conveyer to carry out step-down to obtain good effect of slagging tap, the draining of two-screw conveyer and slag tap and can carry out simultaneously;
5), shield machine 7 driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum 5;
6), determine that the boring parameter of shield machine 7 in shield structure process is to control ground 6 sedimentation in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum 5, boring parameter comprises balancing earth-pressure shielding machine 7 thrust, soil pressure controls, driving speed;
7), after laid section of jurisdiction 4 wall, adopt synchronous grouting to control section of jurisdiction 4 sedimentation while shield machine 7 shield structure, supplementary slip casting is carried out to reduce subsequent sedimentation to the injected hole before section of jurisdiction 4 wall after shield mantissa ring;
8), repeat step 5), 6), 7) until constructed.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 1), balancing earth-pressure shielding machine 7 adopts conical design and is divided into anterior shield, middle shield and shield tail, and anterior shield size is greater than middle shield, and middle shield size is greater than tail shield.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, anterior shield is reserved several Pressure chamber and is used as injected foam or bentonitic injection port, anterior shield is the reserved advanced rig pipeline of several levels also, several advanced rig pipelines tilted reserved by middle shield, the motor quantity of cutter plate driver is 9, cutterhead digging diameter 6280mm.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 2) in cutter head panel for adding spoke wheel, the panel of cutterhead and cutterhead edge outer circumference surface all weld abrasion resistance steel plate or carbide alloy bar as wear-resistant protection, the periphery remainder of cutterhead and the knife back adopt built-up welding or few wear-resisting weldering to carry out wear-resistant protection, cutter comprises scraper, hobboing cutter and perching knife, wear-resisting weldering is all burnt on scraper and the full surface of hobboing cutter, the rear side welding abrasion resistance protection block of perching knife is as wear-resistant protection, the girff of cutter surrounding adopts welding wear-resistant protection block to carry out wear-resistant protection, screw machine comprises helical blade, helical axis and barrel, helical blade welding wear-resistant protection block, barrel welding carbide alloy bar, screw shaft surface build-up wear-resistant welds, only wear-resistant protection is adopted to the length of half screw machine before screw machine.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 3), foam injects and adopts single tube list pump, the foaming agent use amount that foam injects is 60L/ ring, the expansion ratio FER of foaming agent is 1.5, the injection rate FIR of single tube list pump is 30%, and foam injects the injection nozzle front end be provided with and is provided with the serum cap preventing slurries from entering plug nozzle, and mud/swell soil injects native cabin, soil output and shield body inlet, the chassis of shield machine 7 is provided with swell soil and fills with and sludge pump, and sludge pump injectability is not less than 20m
3/ h, the mud after improvement and the ratio of dregs are 16% ~ 25%, and polymer injects and adopts the high molecular polymer with strong water sorption to prevent the unearthed of screw machine from gushing, and high molecular polymer injection rate is 6kg/ ring.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 4), two-screw conveyer comprises first conveying worm 1 and second conveying worm 2, first conveying worm 1 connects shield machine 7 and is excavating the flange that the pressure wall in region is provided with, early gate 12, second conveying worm 2 that first conveying worm 1 is provided with slag dumping connects early gate 12
,second conveying worm 2 is provided with the late gate of emergency cut-off slag notch, is also provided with gutter bottom second conveying worm 2, first conveying worm 1 and second the independent control of conveying worm 2.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 7), shield machine 7 is provided with single fluid grouting system and secondary double-liquid grouting system, single fluid grouting system is applied to the synchronous grouting simultaneously carried out with shield driving, single fluid grouting system comprises some grouting pumps, secondary grouting system is applied to the supplementary slip casting that section of jurisdiction 4 injected hole after shield mantissa ring carries out, and secondary grouting system comprises A liquid pump and B liquid pump.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, synchronous grouting system adopts 3 grouting pumps, and grouting pump slip casting ability is 30m
3/ h and pulp injection tank capacity are 7m
36 synchronous grouting pipes 3 and 6 synchronous grouting pipes 3 for subsequent use are provided with in shield tail, the slurries of synchronous grouting comprise cement, flyash, swell soil, Sha Heshui; the water mud ︰ powder coal ash swollen profit of ︰ native ︰ sand ︰ water is 250 ︰ 170 ︰ 40 ︰ 380 ︰ 560, the grouting pressure of grouting pump is within the scope of 0.15 ~ 0.20MPa, and every ring grouting amount of grouting pump controls at 6 ~ 7m
3, A liquid pump and B liquid pump all adopt water glass and cement paste, and the ratio of water glass and cement paste is 1 ︰ 10, the grouting pressure of A liquid pump and B liquid pump is all within the scope of 0.45 ~ 0.55MPa, and A liquid pump ability to work is 3.5m
3/ h, B liquid pump ability to work is 1m
3/ h.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, during shield driving, in step 6), the soil pressure of shield machine 7 controls at 0.8 ~ 1.1bar, the unearthed amount of the first-elected 100 ring sections of shield machine 7 is stabilized in 60 ~ 65 sides, start driving time shield machine 7 driving speed at 10 ~ 30mm/min, driving speed is stabilized in 30 ~ 35mm/min afterwards, and the thrust range of shield machine 7 is 9000 ~ 11000KN.
Shield structure interval adopts Germany's sea Rake balancing earth-pressure shielding machine 7 of 2 diameter 6280mm, cutterhead digging diameter 6280mm, aperture opening ratio 25%, shield body diameter 6250mm, shield machine 7 maximum thrust 42575kN@350bar, maximum fltting speed 80mm/min, peak torque 6228 kNm, get rid of poverty moment of torsion 7447kNm, maximum working pressure (MWP) 4.5bar.Cutter plate driver is hydraulic-driven, 9, cutter plate driver motor, general power 945 kW.The projected life of base bearing is 10,000 hour.Main driving sealing is by 2 cover sealing system sealings, and external seal 4 is arranged, and interior sealing 2 is arranged, and shield machine 7 adopts conical design, anterior shield 6250mm, middle shield 6240mm, shield tail 6240mm, operating pressure 4.5bar.The injection port of 4 Pressure chamber reserved by anterior shield, for injected foam or swell soil, and reserved 4 advanced rig pipelines of level.8 advanced rig pipelines tilted reserved by middle shield.It is 42575kN that shield machine 7 designs maximum gross thrust, oil cylinder 32, and every 2 is 1 group, totally 16 groups, jack is divided into again 4 districts, and each subregion arranges 1 stroke sensor, oil cylinder range 2200mm, maximum fltting speed 80mm/min, maximum retraction speed 1600mm/min, equipment double-cabin type people brake system, people cabin diameter 1600mm, main cabin capacity 3, secondary cabin capacity 2 people, operating pressure 4.5bar.Cutterhead form adopts panel to add spoke wheel, cutterhead digging diameter 6250mm, and the aperture opening ratio of cutterhead is 28%.Tooling setup: main cutting cutter comprises central cutter and 4 center bidentate cutter, knife up 175mm.Front hobboing cutter comprises 31 wide sword hobboing cutters of single-blade.Other cutter: comprise panel welding dual-pilot cutter 21, knife up 160mm; 21 cuttves are separately welded on from the nearest main cutting cutter path line of producer's design attitude, and welding position is evenly distributed in trajectory.Face-side doctor blade 28, the wide 250mm of cutter, knife up 140mm, double bolt.Edge blade 8, knife up 140mm, double bolt.6, edge gauge cutter.Wear detector 2.
Anti-wear technology to the wear-resistant protection of shield machine 7, cutterhead: perimeter zone band build-up wear-resistant protect, cutter head panel Hardox plate wear-resistant protection, protects wear rib with carbide alloy.The back side, cutterhead edge is welded with rectangle wear-resisting steel plate, and cutterhead rear portion increases Hardox block wear-resistant protection, and cutterhead wear-resisting ring adds carbide alloy bar.Cutter: scraper and hobboing cutter all surfaces burn wear-resisting weldering, at the rear side welded H ardox wear-resistant protection block of perching knife, to reduce the secondary wearing and tearing at perching knife rear portion.Opposite side hobboing cutter girff and the knife back carry out wear-resistant protection to be provided the protection of impact loading and reduces boulder and cobble to the wearing and tearing of girff.Screw machine: the length of front half screw machine increases wear-resistant protection, and helical blade welds wear-resistant block, build-up wear-resistant weldering on helical axis, the first half barrel welding alloy bar.In cutterhead front and edge, 1 fluid pressure type wear detector is respectively set.Each cutterhead distribution hydraulic pressure wear detector.Cutter greatest wear amount 5mm, tool abrasion basic controlling is at 1 ~ 3mm, and the wear-resistant protection of cutterhead nozzle, reduces the risk of spray nozzle clogging.
The method of sediment improvement: foam injection systems, shield structure tunnels and adds appropriate foaming agent in gravel layer, effectively can improve dregs, the dregs after improvement is made to have good mobility and plasticity, be convenient to screw machine slag tap, effectively can also lubricate knife disc tool, reduce the wearing and tearing of cutter.According to the driving experience in the past in gravel layer, in shield tunneling process, the use amount of foaming agent is 60L/ ring, and expansion ratio FER is 1.5, and injection rate FIR is 30%.Foam injection systems is single tube list pump form, 6 foam makers+6 foam pump; Foaming agent inlet has 5 on cutterhead, and native bulkhead 4, soil output 4 × 2, is comparatively evenly distributed in cutterhead, native cabin and soil output, can make dregs and the effective Homogeneous phase mixing of foaming agent, reach sediment improvement effect.Foam generating system has 3 kinds of operator schemes: manual, semi-automatic and full-automatic.Can select different operator schemes according to driving speed, moment of torsion during driving, different patterns can also need to adjust formula, speed according to practice of construction situation.Foam pipeline system can also be used for the injection of the additive such as water, polymer, meets special construction needs.The access panels that each foam jet tail end has a bolt fixing.When there is blocking, access panels will be removed, and blocked nozzle is extracted after cutterhead, replace with new nozzle.Serum cap before injection nozzle.This serum cap can effectively prevent slurries from entering plug nozzle.
Add mud/swell soil system, mud/swell soil mainly injects native cabin, soil output and shield body inlet, reaches the effect increasing dregs workability, improvement dregs performance, shield body lubrication and fill gap of backbreaking in advance, chassis is equipped with 2 × 7m
3bentonite tank and 2 × sludge pump, injectability 20m
3/ h.Mud/swell soil, after ground 6 is stirred, is pumped in tunnel by pipeline.Ground 6 mixing plant deliverability presses 405m
3/ sky is equipped with.Determine in dregs, to add the north shape of stream as the mud/bentonitic content of toothpaste-like by test, after fully stirring, by sediment improvement Cheng Liushuo shape, be beneficial to shield driving.
Be below the experimental data of the dregs of test improvement, the dregs amount of test improvement is 1278ml × 4=5112ml.Preparation mud, mud match ratio is: Shui ︰ mud powder=456ml ︰ 1380g, and the mud configured is 1836g, is about 1006.6ml for 1660g, sticks in and lose 176g on hand with in stirring rod when hand stirs slurry for what test improvement dregs.Test improvement dregs, test improvement 5112ml dregs, needs to add 1006.6ml and is about 1660g mud, can calculate improvement 1m accordingly
3dregs needs to add 0.1969m
3mud, mud/dregs=19.69%.In shield tunneling process, add mud/swell soil improvement according to the ratio of test to dregs, sediment improvement is the north shape of stream, improves unearthed efficiency, achieves good effect.
Polymer injected system, the dregs of injection of polymer improvement if desired, injects in screw machine front end when particularly may gush.Close gate stop-start immediately after gushing, first inject polyurethane shutoff in screw machine front end, then improvement is supplemented to native storehouse dregs, then utilize double helix gradation casting to tunnel, recover normal condition as early as possible.High molecular polymer has stronger water sorption, can increase the cohesive force of dregs.In shield tunneling process, add high molecular polymer, the dregs in conditioned soil storehouse, prevent screw machine to be unearthed and gush, guarantee that shield driving is smooth, the amount that 6kg/ ring pressed by high molecular polymer is injected.
First conveying worm 1: diameter DN800mm, allows to pass through size: 520 x 290 mm, conveying capacity: 388m3/h, power: 200kW, maximum (top) speed: 22.1rpm.Second conveying worm 2: diameter DN800mm, allows to pass through size: 520 × 290 mm, conveying capacity: 388m
3/ h, power: 160kW, maximum (top) speed: 22.1rpm draining, the improvement of slagging tap, when in excavation material, water content is larger, cannot by soil improvement and adjustment a conveying worm system slag notch obtain slag tap effect preferably time, adopting two conveying worm systems: for reaching rational step-down, second conveying worm 2 being installed to extend the length of screw machine.First conveying worm 1 is connected on the flange on the pressure wall in excavation region, and second conveying worm 2 is arranged on early gate 12 place of unloading cinder notch of first conveying worm 1.Second conveying worm 2 is equipped with slag notch emergency closing function.Because the position of soil outlet is raised by second conveying worm 2, the angle of belt slope machine slows down, and also reduces the risk that water overflows from conveyor.The gutter that system is positioned at bottom second conveying worm 2 by use one carries out draining to excavation material.Draining can be carried out with slagging tap simultaneously.
Anti-improvement of gushing, in tunneling process, once find that conveying worm soil outlet has a small amount of mud, silt particle is gushed out and having the sign of gushing and occurring, the rotating speed of second conveying worm can be regulated, conveying worm rotating speed is made to be less than first conveying worm 1, the dregs that the dregs exported due to first conveying worm 1 like this exports more than second conveying worm 2, make that dregs is very fast forms soil plug first conveying worm 1 inner accumulated, thus effectively can prevent the generation of gushing.
In tunneling process, prominent chance has a power failure, and immediately by former and later two closing gates of conveying worm, and it is tight to check whether gate closes, and manually closes, guarantee that in native storehouse, water and dregs do not pour in tunnel by conveying worm as gate does not close tight should employing; Occur that gate cannot be closed in case of exceptional circumstances to occur water burst, gush sand, tunneling operation personnel should be unruffled, carries out shutoff in time by noting urethane or like materials.
Shield machine 7 arranges single fluid grouting system and secondary double-liquid grouting system.Single fluid grouting system adopts 3 grouting pumps, and slip casting ability is 30m
3/ h, pulp injection tank capacity is 7m
3, 6 synchronous grouting pipes, 3,6 synchronous grouting pipes 3 for subsequent use are set in shield tail.Secondary grouting Operation system setting A liquid pump, B liquid pump, A liquid slurry can, B liquid slurry can; A liquid pump adopts AE4H100, and ability to work is 3.5m
3/ h, B liquid pump adopts AEB4H123, and ability to work is 1m
3/ h.Synchronous grouting and shield driving are carried out simultaneously, by the built-in Grouting Pipe of synchronous grouting system and shield tail, while shield structure pushes ahead shield urogenesis space, adopt synchronous grouting.Slip casting is controlled by total amount, guarantees its loading.Mortar mix proportion: material selection: cement adopts cement Nanning, China Resources Co., Ltd 42.5 grades of Portland cements, flyash adopts Wuming, Nanning City Dongshan Cement Co., Ltd F class II type, swell soil adopts Hunan Province Li-ling city horse to love siliceous coking refractory factory sodium formula swell soil, sand adopts II grade of fine sand, hydromining tap water.Determine to adopt synchronous grouting match ratio by test, the weight ratio of Shui Ni ︰ Fen Mei Hui ︰ Peng Run Tu ︰ Sha ︰ water is 250 ︰ 170 ︰ 40 ︰ 380 ︰ 560, slurries 7h time of setting.The difference considering Water And Earth Pressures and the needs preventing section of jurisdiction 4 from significantly sinking and floating, the grouting pressure of each point by difference, and keeps suitable pressure reduction, to reach optimum efficiency.Grouting pressure controls within the scope of 0.15 ~ 0.20MPa.The difference considering Water And Earth Pressures and the needs preventing section of jurisdiction 4 from significantly sinking and floating, the grouting pressure of each point by difference, and keeps suitable pressure reduction, to reach optimum efficiency.According to cutterhead digging diameter and section of jurisdiction 4 external diameter, the grouting amount of an endless tube sheet 4 can be calculated as follows out.V=π/4 × L × (D-
2-d
2)=π/4 × 1.5 × (6.28
2-6
2)=4.049m
3/ ring, slip casting measures 1.4 ~ 1.7 times of annular gap theoretical volume, then every ring grouting amount Q=5.67 ~ 6.89m
3, in work progress, every ring grouting amount controls at 6 ~ 7m
3.Specifically control the length of slip casting time according to the slurries and driving speed that need different time of setting in different stratum.Accomplish that driving slip casting is synchronous, not slip casting is not tunneled, and determines the slip casting time by control synchronization grouting pressure and grouting amount double standards.Grouting amount and grouting pressure just stop slip casting after reaching setting value, otherwise still need to mend slurry.Synchronous grouting speed is mated with driving speed, by shield structure complete one ring driving time in complete when ring grouting amount is to determine its average injection speed.Adopt grouting pressure and grouting amount Two indices control criterion, namely when grouting pressure reaches setting value, when grouting amount reaches more than 85% of design load, can think and reach quality requirement.
Supplement filling system, according to engineering practice as section of jurisdiction 4 seepage, tunnel subsidence etc., section of jurisdiction 4 injected hole after shield mantissa ring can be taked to carry out supplementary slip casting, and slip casting is controlled by pressure, reduces subsequent sedimentation.Supplementary filling system arranges A liquid pump, B liquid pump, A liquid slurry can, B liquid slurry can; A liquid pump B liquid pump is adopted liquid slurry and is adopted water glass and cement paste, and the ratio of water glass and cement paste is 1 ︰ 10, and the slurries initial setting time is designed to 13S, and grouting pressure controls within the scope of 0.45 ~ 0.55MPa.Ground penetrating radar, as the means of lining construction quality nondestructive testing, checks slip casting effect, has the advantages such as continuous, harmless, efficient and high accuracy.
Section of jurisdiction 4 faulting of slab ends, percolating water and section of jurisdiction 4 attitude are added up, and the maximum 14mm of section of jurisdiction 4 faulting of slab ends, basic controlling is within 10mm.Section of jurisdiction 4 horizontal attitude controls within 45mm fluctuation range, attitude is surveyed all within the scope of code requirement in section of jurisdiction 4, after shield tail is deviate from section of jurisdiction 4, the floating that there is the floating of 2 ~ 3cm in early stage, there is 1 ~ 2cm in the later stage, therefore, later stage shield machine 7 perpendicular attitude is a little less than design axis 10mm, and interval largest cumulative sedimentation is 18.8mm, all the other are put all within 10mm, vary stable.Main settlement law is: shield tail, by a sedimentation 1 ~ 2mm, is stablized afterwards.
Shield tail is hinged is passive hinged, arranges 14 hinged oil cylinders of monotype.Hinged sealing system arranges lips rubber seal and emergency sealing.The tail sealing of shield machine 7 adopts 4 road shield ventral brushes, forms 3 road shield deck stores, and adopt pressure type sealing, per pass shield deck store distributes 12 injection holes, and shield tail grease is injected in shield deck store by shield tail grease pump and pipeline.
Boring parameter controls, and shield structure is interval is mainly Fu Shui circle gravel stratum 5 by stratum, and its less stable after tunneling disturbance by shield machine 7, easily produces sedimentation.Shield tunnel is mainly advanced along urban road, there is underground pipelines in large quantities in stratum, top, if shield driving state modulator is improper, ground 6 sedimentation will be caused excessive, will likely cause pipe breakage along the line or damage.And road has pedestrian and vehicle, once cause road depression, cave in, may cause great casualties or property loss, during shield driving, the support pressure of cutter head center controls at 0.8 ~ 1.1bar, average 0.9bar.The first-elected 100 ring sections amount of being unearthed keeps stable, and unearthed amount controls 60 ~ 65 sides.Start driving time, driving speed is lower at 10 ~ 30mm/min, and driving speed is stabilized in 30 ~ 35mm/min afterwards.The section of starting strictly controls thrust, ensures that reaction frame is stablized, and shield machine 7 is before+7 ring drivings, and thrust controls within 9000KN, and after+7 rings, thrust is increased to 9000 ~ 11000KN gradually.Synchronous grouting, grouting pressure is stabilized between 0.15 ~ 0.2Mpa.Synchronous grouting, grouting amount is stabilized in 6 ~ 7m
3between.Advanced by 100 rings of the right line section of first electing, each parameter is summarized as follows: thrust: 9000 ~ 11000KN; Soil pressure: 0.9 ~ 1.0Bar; Speed: 30 ~ 35mm/min; Be unearthed and measure: 60 ~ 65 m
3; Synchronous grouting: 6 ~ 7m
3, synchronous grouting pressure: 0.15 ~ 0.2MPa.Shield machine 7 tunnels attitude and substantially conforms to section of jurisdiction 4 attitude, and section of jurisdiction 4 attitude meets the demands; Ground 6 settlement stability.
Sediment improvement, adopts foam to inject, add mud, add the diversification sediment improvement modes such as swell soil, realizes buying securities with all one's capital driving as far as possible, keep support pressure, prevents tunnel vault and face to be out of shape excessive.By middle shield body inert slurries inlet, excavation gap is filled in advance before synchronous grouting.Ensure grouting amount, adopt two cover filling systems, synchronous grouting and benefit slurry system, supplementary slip casting can carry out two fluid grouting, guarantees that grouting amount meets the demands.According to theory calculate, the construction gap volume between section of jurisdiction 4 and country rock is 4.05m
3, according to similar engineering construction experience in the past, good filling effect be reached, at least should ensure that grouting amount is more than 130% containing in circle gravel stratum, and carry out dual control by grouting amount and grouting pressure.
Avoid backbreaking, consider the factors such as each stratum coefficient of volumetric expansion and underground water, calculated in advance goes out the unearthed amount of each ring theory.During driving, carry out actual amount statistics of being unearthed, and contrast with theoretical value.Boring parameter is adjusted in real time according to contrast situation.To backbreak position and the amount of backbreaking according to statistics, in time the amount of backbreaking is covered by grouting at the tail of the shield machine, carry out secondary grouting or the after-teeming of employing dual slurry if desired at position of backbreaking.The grouting pressure in grouting at the tail of the shield machine aperture should be greater than the Water And Earth Pressures at edpth of tunnel place.Strengthen construction monitoring, in shield-tunneling construction and relevant ancillary works, in the work progress of such as ground stabilization, tracking grouting etc., for the tunnel structure in respective range, earth's surface, stratum, building and underground utilities, carry out the comprehensive control measurement of system, carry out informational construction.According to monitoring feedback information, adjust, optimize every construction parameter, to guarantee the normal use of shield-tunneling construction safety and building, underground utilities, take emergency measures if desired.Settlement Control effect inspection, centerline adds up sedimentation, and at present, interval largest cumulative sedimentation is 18.8mm, and all the other are put all within 10mm, vary stable.Main settlement law is: shield tail, by a sedimentation 1 ~ 2mm, is stablized afterwards
.construction of structures adds up sedimentation, and within periphery construction of structures adds up to be deposited in 5mm, shield-tunneling construction does not cause harmful effect to periphery construction of structures.Pipeline adds up sedimentation, and within periphery pipeline adds up to be deposited in 10mm, shield-tunneling construction does not cause harmful effect to periphery pipeline.
Certainly, the invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art also can make equivalent variations or replacement under the prerequisite without prejudice to spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modification or replacement are all included in the application's claim limited range.
Claims (9)
1. a method for earth pressure shield tunneling machine high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1), hydraulic-driven is selected in the main driving of the cutterhead of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine, the peak torque of described shield machine is not less than 6228 kNm to adapt to the driving in rich water circle gravel stratum, the moment of torsion of getting rid of poverty of described shield machine is not less than 7447kNm, and the cutterhead aperture opening ratio of described shield machine is 20% ~ 30%;
2), described shield machine employing comprises built-up welding, wear-resistant protection, the wear-resisting weldering of burning, welding wear-resistant protection block, welds the protection of wear-resistant protection method cutterhead, cutter, girff, cutterhead nozzle and the screw machine of carbide alloy bar to improve application life;
3), described shield machine adopts and comprises foam and inject, add the dregs of improving technology to rich water circle gravel stratum that mud/swell soil and polymer inject and improve;
4), described shield machine adopts two-screw conveyer to carry out step-down to obtain good effect of slagging tap, the draining of described two-screw conveyer and slag tap and can carry out simultaneously;
5), described shield machine tunnels in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum;
6), determine that the boring parameter of shield machine in shield structure process is to control surface settlement described in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum, described boring parameter comprises balancing earth-pressure shielding machine thrust, soil pressure controls, driving speed;
7), described shield machine adopts synchronous grouting to control section of jurisdiction sedimentation while shield structure after laid section of jurisdiction wall, carries out supplementary slip casting to reduce subsequent sedimentation to the injected hole before the described section of jurisdiction wall after shield mantissa ring;
8), repeat step 5), 6), 7) until constructed.
2. the method for earth pressure shield tunneling machine according to claim 1 high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum, it is characterized in that: in described step 1), balancing earth-pressure shielding machine adopts conical design and is divided into anterior shield, middle shield and shield tail, described anterior shield size is greater than middle shield, and described middle shield size is greater than tail shield.
3. the method for earth pressure shield tunneling machine according to claim 2 high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum, it is characterized in that: described anterior shield is reserved several Pressure chamber and is used as injected foam or bentonitic injection port, described anterior shield is the reserved advanced rig pipeline of several levels also, several advanced rig pipelines tilted reserved by described middle shield, the motor quantity of described cutter plate driver is 9, described cutterhead digging diameter 6280mm.
4. according to the method for the high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine in claims 1 to 3 described in any one, it is characterized in that: described step 2) in cutter head panel for adding spoke wheel, the panel of described cutterhead and cutterhead edge outer circumference surface all weld abrasion resistance steel plate or carbide alloy bar as wear-resistant protection, the periphery remainder of described cutterhead and the knife back adopt built-up welding or few wear-resisting weldering to carry out wear-resistant protection, described cutter comprises scraper, hobboing cutter and perching knife, wear-resisting weldering is all burnt on described scraper and the full surface of hobboing cutter, the rear side welding abrasion resistance protection block of described perching knife is as wear-resistant protection, the girff of described cutter surrounding adopts welding wear-resistant protection block to carry out wear-resistant protection, described screw machine comprises helical blade, helical axis and barrel, described helical blade welding wear-resistant protection block, described barrel welding carbide alloy bar, described screw shaft surface build-up wear-resistant weldering, only wear-resistant protection is adopted to the length of half screw machine before described screw machine.
5. the method for earth pressure shield tunneling machine according to claim 1 high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum, it is characterized in that: the foam in described step 3) injects and adopts single tube list pump, the foaming agent use amount that described foam injects is 60L/ ring, the expansion ratio FER of described foaming agent is 1.5, the injection rate FIR of described single tube list pump is 30%, described foam injects the injection nozzle front end be provided with and is provided with the serum cap preventing slurries from entering plug nozzle, described mud/swell soil injects native cabin, soil output and shield body inlet, the chassis of described shield machine is provided with swell soil and fills with and sludge pump, described sludge pump injectability is not less than 20m
3/ h, the mud after described improvement and the ratio of dregs are 16% ~ 25%, and described polymer injects and adopts the high molecular polymer with strong water sorption to prevent the unearthed of screw machine from gushing, and described high molecular polymer injection rate is 6kg/ ring.
6. according to the method for the high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine in claims 1 to 3 described in any one, it is characterized in that: the two-screw conveyer in described step 4) comprises first conveying worm and second conveying worm, described first conveying worm connects the flange that shield machine is provided with on the pressure wall in excavation region, described first conveying worm is provided with the early gate of slag dumping, and described second conveying worm connects early gate
,described second conveying worm is provided with the late gate of emergency cut-off slag notch, and described second helical feed motor spindle is also provided with gutter, and described first conveying worm and second conveying worm independently control.
7. according to the method for the high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine in claims 1 to 3 described in any one, it is characterized in that: the shield machine in described step 7) is provided with single fluid grouting system and secondary double-liquid grouting system, described single fluid grouting system is applied to the synchronous grouting simultaneously carried out with shield driving, described single fluid grouting system comprises some grouting pumps, described secondary grouting system is applied to the supplementary slip casting that the section of jurisdiction injected hole after shield mantissa ring carries out, and described secondary grouting system comprises A liquid pump and B liquid pump.
8. the method for earth pressure shield tunneling machine according to claim 8 high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum, it is characterized in that: described synchronous grouting system adopts 3 grouting pumps, described grouting pump slip casting ability is 30m
3/ h and pulp injection tank capacity are 7m
36 synchronous grouting pipes and 6 synchronous grouting pipes for subsequent use are provided with in described shield tail, the slurries of described synchronous grouting comprise cement, flyash, swell soil, Sha Heshui, described Shui Ni ︰ Fen Mei Hui ︰ Peng Run Tu ︰ Sha ︰ water is 250 ︰ 170 ︰ 40 ︰ 380 ︰ 560, the grouting pressure of described grouting pump is within the scope of 0.15 ~ 0.20MPa, and every ring grouting amount of described grouting pump controls at 6 ~ 7m
3, described A liquid pump and B liquid pump all adopt water glass and cement paste, and the ratio of described water glass and cement paste is 1 ︰ 10, and the grouting pressure of described A liquid pump and B liquid pump is all within the scope of 0.45 ~ 0.55MPa, and described A liquid pump ability to work is 3.5m
3/ h, described B liquid pump ability to work is 1m
3/ h.
9. according to the method for the high efficient driving in Fu Shui circle gravel stratum of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine in claims 1 to 3 described in any one, it is characterized in that: during shield driving, in described step 6), the soil pressure of shield machine controls at 0.8 ~ 1.1bar, the unearthed amount that described shield machine first elects 100 ring sections is stabilized in 60 ~ 65 sides, start driving time described shield machine driving speed at 10 ~ 30mm/min, described driving speed is stabilized in 30 ~ 35mm/min afterwards, and the thrust range of described shield machine is 9000 ~ 11000KN.
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