CN104632861A - Manufacture method of fiber composite material automobile transmission shaft - Google Patents
Manufacture method of fiber composite material automobile transmission shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN104632861A CN104632861A CN201410817179.XA CN201410817179A CN104632861A CN 104632861 A CN104632861 A CN 104632861A CN 201410817179 A CN201410817179 A CN 201410817179A CN 104632861 A CN104632861 A CN 104632861A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacture method of a fiber composite material automobile transmission shaft. Fibers and resin are wound on a core mold by means of winding, and are molded by high-temperature curing. As the thermal expansion coefficient of a fiber composite material is far lower than the thermal expansion coefficient of metal, demoulding can be carried out at a relatively low temperature by adopting the principle of thermal expansion and cold shrinkage by utilizing different thermal expansion properties of the fiber composite material and the metal under relatively large temperature difference, and finally a sleeve is bonded to a universal joint fork which is redesigned in structure by using structure adhesive to finally obtain the FRP automobile transmission shaft with the light mass and the good performance and meeting the requirements.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to auto parts and components and manufacture field, especially design the preparation method of a kind of fibrous composite (FRP) truck drive shaft.
Background technique
Transmission shaft is the vitals of transferring power in car transmissions, its effect be the transmission of power that together with gearbox, ransaxle, motor produced to wheel, make automobile produce driving force.Research shows, transmission system self running will consume the energy-producing 17-22% of motor, and these energy ezpenditure cause more greatly primarily of the weight of transmission system, and therefore minimizing transmission system weight will promote engine power utilization ratio.
Fibrous composite, due to advantages such as high-strength lights, has been used as the material of automotive light weight technology.Considerable document and patent has been had to introduce for fibrous composite truck drive shaft and study at present, such as Chinese publication CN 103322012A just describes transmission shaft and transmission shaft component and preparation method thereof, and Chinese publication CN 101112795A also describes manufacturing step and the method for transmission shaft.
Realizing in process of the present invention, inventor finds that prior art at least exists following problem: but for the manufacture process of fibrous composite truck drive shaft, a wherein large difficult point by the fibrous composite sleeve prepared from the demoulding core, employing can break core into pieces, all to break into pieces at every turn, not only waste core, and cannot mass production be met.Adopt cardboard tube core, resin can be bonded on core, is difficult to the demoulding.In addition, because the most important effect of transmission shaft is the transmission carrying out power, therefore improve the attachment force of fibrous composite sleeve and the peripheral components such as universal-joint fork and flower sliding york, meeting twisting action is also the problem that in fibrous composite truck drive shaft Design and manufacture process, needs emphasis is considered.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of fibrous composite sleeve can easily from the demoulding core, and core can be reused, and meets the preparation method of the fibrous composite truck drive shaft of mass production requirement.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of preparation method of fibrous composite truck drive shaft, comprises following process:
1) metal cylinder is chosen as core,
2) be wound around fibrous composite outward in metal cylinder, form fibrous composite sleeve;
3) outside the fibrous composite sleeve wound, wrap protective layer, and be positioned in high temperature and be cured;
4) the fibrous composite sleeve after solidification and core are placed in room temperature and cool, the protective layer outside removing fibrous composite sleeve;
5) demoulding is carried out after fibrous composite sleeve and core being placed a period of time at low temperatures;
6) the fibrous composite sleeve inside and outside wall after the demoulding is coated structure glue, fill in the universal-joint fork processed, after structure glue solidification, fibrous composite truck drive shaft can be obtained.
Metal cylinder need at metal cylinder surface coating release agent before winding fibrous composite.
Choose metal cylinder as after core, need polish to metal cylinder surface, and adopt acetone to clean the metal cylinder after polishing.
By finite element analysis software, selected suitable resin system and fiber; And laying angle, the ply stacking-sequence of fibrous composite sleeve is designed by finite element analysis software, determine the internal-and external diameter process parameter of fibrous composite sleeve.
In the 2nd step, during winding, reserve fibrous composite transition zone at metal cylinder two ends.
The fibrous composite transition zone of the fibrous composite sleeve after the 5th step demoulding is excised, obtains the fibrous composite sleeve specified.
Polishing process is carried out to the fibrous composite sleeve surface after the 5th step demoulding.
The protective layer of the 3rd step is collapsible isolating film, airfelt and vacuum bag film from inside to outside, and described collapsible isolating film is collapsible isolating film with holes.
The thermal expansion coefficient of described metal cylinder is greater than 20 × 10-6/K, preferred Aluminum-aluminum alloy.
Solidifying temperature is higher than 100 DEG C, and the low temperature in the 5th step is-30 DEG C-0 DEG C.
Resin can be the one in epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, vinylite.The range of viscosities of resin is 0.5-15pas, preferred 1-5pas, the solidifying temperature of resin higher than 100 DEG C, preferably 120 DEG C-160 DEG C.The material obtained after resin system solidification will have excellent low-temperature impact toughness; The trial period of resin is higher than 2 hours, preferably higher than the resin of 5 hours.
Fiber is the assemblying body of a kind of or several fiber in carbon fiber, glass fibre, Kevlar fiber.
Mandrel surface adopts sand paper to polish, bruting process several times.Acetone is adopted to carry out cleaning three times to the sleeve after polishing, each cleaning midfeather 10 minutes.Afterwards to sleeve surface coating releasing agent twice, midfeather 5 minutes.Sanding process can adopt and repeatedly polish, and first adopts 400 orders or 600 object sand paper to polish, is transitioned into 2000 object sand paper afterwards gradually and polishes.
The shear strength of structure glue is higher than 20MPa, preferably higher than 25MPa.
Laying angle, ply stacking-sequence that finite element analysis software is determined are: from mandrel one end, the orientation angles of fibre tow is transitioned into 15 ° ~ 45 ° from 90 °, after being wound into the other end, orientation angles is transitioned into 90 ° from 15 ° ~ 45 °, keeps this kind of canoe until be wound into the thickness of regulation always.This angular range fibrous composite sleeve solidification effect is best, and the fibrous composite sleeve strength of formation is the highest.
A technological scheme tool in technique scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effect, adopt the mode that is wound around by fiber and Resin Wound on core, and hot setting is shaping.Because the thermal expansion coefficient of fibrous composite will well below the thermal expansion coefficient of metal, therefore under can utilizing the larger temperature difference, fibrous composite and the different hot expansibility of metal, principle at a lower temperature by expanding with heat and contract with cold carries out the demoulding, finally sleeve structure glue being bonded to re-starts on the universal-joint fork of structural design, the quality being finally met requirement is light, the FRP truck drive shaft that performance is excellent.Fibrous composite sleeve easily from the demoulding core, and can be able to be reused, and meets mass production requirement.The fibrous composite truck drive shaft prepared in addition can very firmly be connected with transmission shaft component, meets the delivery request of power.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of fibrous composite truck drive shaft of Fig. 1 for providing in the embodiment of the present invention;
Mark in above-mentioned figure is: 1, fibrous composite sleeve, and 2, thin-walled on universal-joint fork cylinder, 3, thin-walled under universal-joint fork cylinder, 4, universal-joint fork mount inlet.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
In the scheme of concrete employing: 5222 epoxy resin that the resin system preparing use below in example is Beijing Research Inst. of Aeronautic Material and curing agent, the T300 Unidirectional cellosilk of fiber multiple Condor 3K in being.Described core metallic material is 6061-T6 aluminum alloy.The described structure glue trade mark is Henkel Loctite EA9394.In example, the thickness of composite material transmission shaft sleeve is 6mm, and universal-joint fork cylinder walled thickness is 5mm.
Example one
(1) prepare an aluminum alloy core, length is 160cm, and external diameter is 12cm;
(2) carry out twice sand paper polishing to aluminum alloy core, first time adopts 2000 order sand paper, and second time adopts 4000 order sand paper, adopts acetone to carry out cleaning three times to the sleeve after polishing, each cleaning midfeather 10 minutes.Afterwards to sleeve surface coating releasing agent twice, midfeather 5 minutes;
(3) core is loaded onto Stetch Wrapping Machine, the fibre tow of preimpregnation 5222 epoxy resin is snapped into core top, start to be wound around, wherein front 5cm is transition zone, the orientation angles of fibre tow is transitioned into 15 ° from 90 °, after being wound into distance another one top 5cm, orientation angles is transitioned into 90 ° from 15 °, and keep this kind of canoe only to arrive the thickness be wound around is 6mm always;
(4) on the sleeve wound, wrap two-layer collapsible isolating film with holes, wrap one deck airfelt and one deck vacuum bag film afterwards again, and be positioned in the hot-press tank of 150 DEG C and be cured;
(5) sleeve after solidification and core are placed in physical environment and cool, and remove the isolating film of sleeve surface, airfelt and vacuum bag film.Carry out the demoulding after placing 5-10min afterwards at-20 DEG C, owing to expanding with heat and contract with cold and the effect of releasing agent, core can be taken out easily from fibrous composite sleeve;
(6) excise the transition zone of each 5cm in two ends, obtain the FRP sleeve that regulation requires, polishing process is carried out to sleeve surface;
(7) be all coated with by sleeve two ends inside and outside wall and be covered with structure glue, and fill in the universal-joint fork processed fast, the universal-joint fork of this example is individual layer overlap joint universal-joint fork, and contrast with Fig. 1 is the universal-joint fork not going up thin-walled 2.Structural adhesive layer thickness is 0.2mm.FRP truck drive shaft can be obtained after structure glue solidification.
The moment of torsion of the Carbon Fiber Composite Propeller Shaft that example one finally obtains is 2143MPa.
Example two
(1) prepare an aluminum alloy core, length is 160cm, and external diameter is 12cm;
(2) carry out twice sand paper polishing to aluminum alloy core, first time adopts 2000 order sand paper, and second time adopts 4000 order sand paper, adopts acetone to carry out cleaning three times to the sleeve after polishing, each cleaning midfeather 10 minutes.Afterwards to sleeve surface coating releasing agent twice, midfeather 5 minutes;
(3) core is loaded onto Stetch Wrapping Machine, the fibre tow of preimpregnation 5222 epoxy resin is snapped into core top, start to be wound around, wherein front 5cm is transition zone, the orientation angles of fibre tow is transitioned into 15 ° from 90 °, after being wound into distance another one top 5cm, orientation angles is transitioned into 90 ° from 15 °, and keep this kind of canoe only to arrive the thickness be wound around is 6mm always;
(4) on the sleeve wound, wrap two-layer collapsible isolating film with holes, wrap one deck airfelt and one deck vacuum bag film afterwards again, and be positioned in the hot-press tank of 150 DEG C and be cured;
(5) sleeve after solidification and core are placed in physical environment and cool, and remove the isolating film of sleeve surface, airfelt and vacuum bag film.Carry out the demoulding after placing 5-10min afterwards at-20 DEG C, owing to expanding with heat and contract with cold and the effect of releasing agent, core can be taken out easily from fibrous composite sleeve;
(6) excise the transition zone of each 5cm in two ends, obtain the FRP sleeve that regulation requires, polishing process is carried out to fibrous composite sleeve surface;
(7) be all coated with by fibrous composite sleeve two ends inside and outside wall and be covered with structure glue, and fill in the universal-joint fork processed fast, the universal-joint fork of this example is the universal-joint fork shown in Fig. 1.Structural adhesive layer thickness is 0.2mm.FRP truck drive shaft can be obtained after structure glue solidification.
The moment of torsion of the Carbon Fiber Composite Propeller Shaft that example two finally obtains is 3351MPa.
Example three
(1) prepare an aluminum alloy core, length is 160cm, and external diameter is 12cm;
(2) carry out twice sand paper polishing to aluminum alloy core, first time adopts 2000 order sand paper, and second time adopts 4000 order sand paper, adopts acetone to carry out cleaning three times to the sleeve after polishing, each cleaning midfeather 10 minutes.Afterwards to sleeve surface coating releasing agent twice, midfeather 5 minutes;
(3) core is loaded onto Stetch Wrapping Machine, the fibre tow of preimpregnation 5222 epoxy resin is snapped into core top, start to be wound around, wherein front 5cm is transition zone, the orientation angles of fibre tow is transitioned into 30 ° from 90 °, after being wound into distance another one top 5cm, orientation angles is transitioned into 90 ° from 30 °, and keep this kind of canoe only to arrive the thickness be wound around is 6mm always;
(4) on the sleeve wound, wrap two-layer collapsible isolating film with holes, wrap one deck airfelt and one deck vacuum bag film afterwards again, and be positioned in the hot-press tank of 150 DEG C and be cured;
(5) sleeve after solidification and core are placed in physical environment and cool, and remove the isolating film of sleeve surface, airfelt and vacuum bag film.Carry out the demoulding after placing 5-10min afterwards at-20 DEG C, owing to expanding with heat and contract with cold and the effect of releasing agent, core can be taken out easily from sleeve;
(6) excise the transition zone of each 5cm in two ends, obtain the FRP sleeve that regulation requires, polishing process is carried out to sleeve surface;
(7) be all coated with by sleeve two ends inside and outside wall and be covered with structure glue, and fill in the universal-joint fork processed fast, the universal-joint fork of this example is individual layer overlap joint universal-joint fork, and contrast with Fig. 1 is the universal-joint fork not going up thin-walled (position 2).Structural adhesive layer thickness is 0.2mm.FRP truck drive shaft can be obtained after structure glue solidification.
The moment of torsion of the Carbon Fiber Composite Propeller Shaft that example three finally obtains is 2287MPa.
Example four
(1) prepare an aluminum alloy core, length is 160cm, and external diameter is 12cm;
(2) carry out twice sand paper polishing to aluminum alloy core, first time adopts 2000 order sand paper, and second time adopts 4000 order sand paper, adopts acetone to carry out cleaning three times to the sleeve after polishing, each cleaning midfeather 10 minutes.Afterwards to sleeve surface coating releasing agent twice, midfeather 5 minutes;
(3) core is loaded onto Stetch Wrapping Machine, the fibre tow of preimpregnation 5222 epoxy resin is snapped into core top, start to be wound around, wherein front 5cm is transition zone, the orientation angles of fibre tow is transitioned into 30 ° from 90 °, after being wound into distance another one top 5cm, orientation angles is transitioned into 90 ° from 30 °, and keep this kind of canoe only to arrive the thickness be wound around is 6mm always;
(4) on the sleeve wound, wrap two-layer collapsible isolating film with holes, wrap one deck airfelt and one deck vacuum bag film afterwards again, and be positioned in the hot-press tank of 150 DEG C and be cured;
(5) sleeve after solidification and core are placed in physical environment and cool, and remove the isolating film of sleeve surface, airfelt and vacuum bag film.Carry out the demoulding after placing 5-10min afterwards at-20 DEG C, owing to expanding with heat and contract with cold and the effect of releasing agent, core can be taken out easily from sleeve;
(6) excise the transition zone of each 5cm in two ends, obtain the FRP sleeve that regulation requires, polishing process is carried out to sleeve surface;
(7) be all coated with by sleeve two ends inside and outside wall and be covered with structure glue, and fill in the universal-joint fork processed fast, the universal-joint fork of this example is the universal-joint fork shown in Fig. 1.Structural adhesive layer thickness is 0.2mm.FRP truck drive shaft can be obtained after structure glue solidification.
The moment of torsion of the Carbon Fiber Composite Propeller Shaft that example four finally obtains is 3378MPa.
Example five
(1) prepare an aluminum alloy core, length is 160cm, and external diameter is 12cm;
(2) carry out twice sand paper polishing to aluminum alloy core, first time adopts 2000 order sand paper, and second time adopts 4000 order sand paper, adopts acetone to carry out cleaning three times to the sleeve after polishing, each cleaning midfeather 10 minutes.Afterwards to sleeve surface coating releasing agent twice, midfeather 5 minutes;
(3) core is loaded onto Stetch Wrapping Machine, the fibre tow of preimpregnation 5222 epoxy resin is snapped into core top, start to be wound around, wherein front 5cm is transition zone, the orientation angles of fibre tow is transitioned into 45 ° from 90 °, after being wound into distance another one top 5cm, orientation angles is transitioned into 90 ° from 45 °, and keep this kind of canoe only to arrive the thickness be wound around is 6mm always;
(4) on the sleeve wound, wrap two-layer collapsible isolating film with holes, wrap one deck airfelt and one deck vacuum bag film afterwards again, and be positioned in the hot-press tank of 150 DEG C and be cured;
(5) sleeve after solidification and core are placed in physical environment and cool, and remove the isolating film of sleeve surface, airfelt and vacuum bag film.Carry out the demoulding after placing 5-10min afterwards at-20 DEG C, owing to expanding with heat and contract with cold and the effect of releasing agent, core can be taken out easily from sleeve;
(6) excise the transition zone of each 5cm in two ends, obtain the FRP sleeve that regulation requires, polishing process is carried out to sleeve surface;
(7) be all coated with by sleeve two ends inside and outside wall and be covered with structure glue, and fill in the universal-joint fork processed fast, the universal-joint fork of this example is individual layer overlap joint universal-joint fork, and contrast with Fig. 1 is the universal-joint fork not going up thin-walled (position 2).Structural adhesive layer thickness is 0.2mm.FRP truck drive shaft can be obtained after structure glue solidification.
The moment of torsion of the Carbon Fiber Composite Propeller Shaft that example five finally obtains is 3054MPa.
Example six
(1) prepare an aluminum alloy core, length is 160cm, and external diameter is 12cm;
(2) carry out twice sand paper polishing to aluminum alloy core, first time adopts 2000 order sand paper, and second time adopts 4000 order sand paper, adopts acetone to carry out cleaning three times to the sleeve after polishing, each cleaning midfeather 10 minutes.Afterwards to sleeve surface coating releasing agent twice, midfeather 5 minutes;
(3) core is loaded onto Stetch Wrapping Machine, the fibre tow of preimpregnation 5222 epoxy resin is snapped into core top, start to be wound around, wherein front 5cm is transition zone, the orientation angles of fibre tow is transitioned into 45 ° from 90 °, after being wound into distance another one top 5cm, orientation angles is transitioned into 90 ° from 45 °, and keep this kind of canoe only to arrive the thickness be wound around is 6mm always;
(4) on the sleeve wound, wrap two-layer collapsible isolating film with holes, wrap one deck airfelt and one deck vacuum bag film afterwards again, and be positioned in the hot-press tank of 150 DEG C and be cured;
(5) sleeve after solidification and core are placed in physical environment and cool, and remove the isolating film of sleeve surface, airfelt and vacuum bag film.Carry out the demoulding after placing 5-10min afterwards at-20 DEG C, owing to expanding with heat and contract with cold and the effect of releasing agent, core can be taken out easily from sleeve;
(6) excise the transition zone of each 5cm in two ends, obtain the FRP sleeve that regulation requires, polishing process is carried out to sleeve surface;
(7) be all coated with by sleeve two ends inside and outside wall and be covered with structure glue, and fill in the universal-joint fork processed fast, the universal-joint fork of this example is the universal-joint fork shown in Fig. 1.Structural adhesive layer thickness is 0.2mm.FRP truck drive shaft can be obtained after structure glue solidification.
The moment of torsion of the Carbon Fiber Composite Propeller Shaft that example six finally obtains is 3661MPa.
After adopting above-mentioned scheme, adopt the mode that is wound around by fiber and Resin Wound on core, and hot setting is shaping.Because the thermal expansion coefficient of fibrous composite will well below the thermal expansion coefficient of metal, therefore under can utilizing the larger temperature difference, fibrous composite and the different hot expansibility of metal, principle at a lower temperature by expanding with heat and contract with cold carries out the demoulding, finally sleeve structure glue being bonded to re-starts on the universal-joint fork of structural design, the quality being finally met requirement is light, the FRP truck drive shaft that performance is excellent.Fibrous composite sleeve easily from the demoulding core, and can be able to be reused, and meets mass production requirement.The fibrous composite truck drive shaft prepared in addition can very firmly be connected with transmission shaft component, meets the delivery request of power.
Above by reference to the accompanying drawings to invention has been exemplary description; obvious specific implementation of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that method of the present invention is conceived and technological scheme is carried out; or design of the present invention and technological scheme directly applied to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention without to improve.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for fibrous composite truck drive shaft, is characterized in that, comprises following process:
1) metal cylinder is chosen as core,
2) be wound around fibrous composite outward in metal cylinder, form fibrous composite sleeve;
3) outside the fibrous composite sleeve wound, wrap protective layer, and be positioned in high temperature and be cured;
4) the fibrous composite sleeve after solidification and core are placed in room temperature and cool, the protective layer outside removing fibrous composite sleeve;
5) demoulding is carried out after fibrous composite sleeve and core being placed a period of time at low temperatures;
6) the fibrous composite sleeve inside and outside wall after the demoulding is coated structure glue, fill in the universal-joint fork processed, after structure glue solidification, fibrous composite truck drive shaft can be obtained.
2. the preparation method of fibrous composite truck drive shaft as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, metal cylinder need at metal cylinder surface coating release agent before winding fibrous composite.
3. the preparation method of fibrous composite truck drive shaft as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, choose metal cylinder as after core, need polish to metal cylinder surface, and adopts acetone to clean the metal cylinder after polishing.
4. the preparation method of fibrous composite truck drive shaft as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, by finite element analysis software, and selected suitable resin system and fiber; And laying angle, the ply stacking-sequence of fibrous composite sleeve is designed by finite element analysis software, determine the internal-and external diameter process parameter of fibrous composite sleeve.
5. the preparation method of fibrous composite truck drive shaft as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in the 2nd step, reserve fibrous composite transition zone during winding at metal cylinder two ends.
6. the preparation method of fibrous composite truck drive shaft as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, excise the fibrous composite transition zone of the fibrous composite sleeve after the 5th step demoulding, obtains the fibrous composite sleeve specified.
7. the preparation method of fibrous composite truck drive shaft as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, carry out polishing process to the fibrous composite sleeve surface after the 5th step demoulding.
8. the preparation method of fibrous composite truck drive shaft as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the protective layer of the 3rd step is collapsible isolating film, airfelt and vacuum bag film from inside to outside, and described collapsible isolating film is collapsible isolating film with holes.
9. the preparation method of fibrous composite truck drive shaft as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the thermal expansion coefficient of described metal cylinder is greater than 20 × 10
-6/ K, solidifying temperature is higher than 100 DEG C, and the low temperature in the 5th step is-30 DEG C-0 DEG C.
10. the preparation method of fibrous composite truck drive shaft as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, laying angle, ply stacking-sequence that finite element analysis software is determined are: from mandrel one end, the orientation angles of fibre tow is transitioned into 15 ° ~ 45 ° from 90 °, after being wound into the other end, orientation angles is transitioned into 90 ° from 15 ° ~ 45 °, keeps this kind of canoe until be wound into the thickness of regulation always.
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| CN109952187A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2019-06-28 | 德纳汽车系统集团有限责任公司 | Open composite shaft |
| CN109952187B (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2021-06-18 | 德纳汽车系统集团有限责任公司 | Open type composite shaft |
| CN106696305A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-24 | 上海精智实业有限公司 | Manufacturing technology of carbon fiber loading rod and carbon fiber loading rod |
| CN106827583A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 上海航秦新材料有限责任公司 | A kind of composite material transmission shaft and its manufacture method |
| CN106738497A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛金科模具有限公司 | Pattern block and tire-mold |
| CN112469873A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2021-03-09 | 碳连接股份公司 | Anchor sleeve and anchor system |
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| CN112360885A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-12 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Shaft coupling |
| CN112431866A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-02 | 上海纳铁福传动系统有限公司 | Transmission shaft tube joint structure |
| CN112431866B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-09-20 | 上海纳铁福传动系统有限公司 | Transmission shaft tube joint structure |
| CN113357253A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 合肥工业大学 | Transmission shaft and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114673726A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-28 | 西安鑫垚陶瓷复合材料有限公司 | Ceramic matrix composite material fixing hinge and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150520 |