CN104631168A - Application of wet stacking in keeping hemicellulose with macromolecular structure characteristics in straw and straw storage method - Google Patents
Application of wet stacking in keeping hemicellulose with macromolecular structure characteristics in straw and straw storage method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104631168A CN104631168A CN201510043026.9A CN201510043026A CN104631168A CN 104631168 A CN104631168 A CN 104631168A CN 201510043026 A CN201510043026 A CN 201510043026A CN 104631168 A CN104631168 A CN 104631168A
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- straw
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of wet stacking in keeping hemicellulose with the macromolecular structure characteristics in straw and a straw storage method. The storage method includes the steps that the straw is smashed and then stacked, water is sprayed to a pile body after stacking is completed to enable the water content of materials in the pile body to range from 50% to the water absorption saturation state, and the water content of the materials in the pile body is kept ranging from 50% to the water absorption saturation state in the stacking process. Compared with the prior art, the application and the straw storage method provide the new purposes of wet stacking; when the straw is stored with the method, the macromolecule state (ethanol precipitation is macromolecules) of the hemicellulose in the straw can be completely stored; compared with fresh bagasse, the content of the hemicellulose in the bagasse stored for one year is 95% or more of the content in the fresh bagasse, a reliable solution is provided for safe storage of large-scale xylan raw materials, and fire disaster potential hazards generated by dry storing are avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of storage method of stalk, be specifically related to wet method and be stacked in the storage method keeping having in stalk application in the hemicellulose of macromolecular structure feature and stalk.
Background technology
Stalk is the residue of gramineae crop, be with human survival data produce and produce a class enrich renewable resource most, fossil resources trend shortage today, develop this class resource high value utilize be the problem that the world today is trying to explore.
The organic matter that Straw bale contains mainly contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and this three large organic matter has structures and characteristics exclusive separately, and is interconnected to a fine and close organic whole by chemical bond.Although integrally can utilize in low value modes such as fuel, realize being separated from each other of three large organic components, Each answers the purpose intended is the most sufficient pattern of the utilization of resources by character to make it.
The pattern that existing biomass components utilizes comprises pulping and paper-making (bagasse), hydrolysis of hemicellulose produces wood sugar and furfural (corncob), the former obtains relative pure cellulose by destroying lignin with hemicellulose, hemicellulose degradation is being the structure also destroying all the other components in micromolecular vigorous reaction by the latter, the common feature of the two destroys the function of another component while of being acquisition one component, be not all the Land use systems of economy and environmental protection the most.
Hemicellulose in stalk mainly refers to xylan, is be main construction unit with five carbon wood sugars, the polysaccharide be formed by connecting by glycosidic bond.Xylan is the component that in three large organic matters, structure is loosened relatively, in alkaline medium, just with large molecular conformation, it can be extracted from raw material under comparatively gentle condition, not only energy consumption is low, product is easy to purifying, and still remains structure and the physical property of all the other components.Xylan is the main existence form of nature pentose, large molecular conformation xylan has exclusive physico-chemical property not available for the hexoses such as starch and physiological function, be the neccessary composition of human diet fiber, food, medicine and chemical industry all have broad application prospects.The value key improving stalk is separation and the application of large molecular wood glycan.
The output of stalk has seasonal characteristics, and as the raw material of large-scale production, must can meet the requirement of whole year production, therefore raw material has the storage of quality to become the necessary condition of steady production.
The stalk of nature stacking, owing to including suitable moisture and space, easily occurs going mouldy or there is disaster hidden-trouble.Although wet method is stacked in bagasse papermaking, aspect is reported to some extent, and having been reported is all to protect for the purpose of cellulose, and whether do not report to investigate affects xylan, especially whether there is impact to the xylan of macromolecular structure feature.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of novelty teabag of wet method stacking, and namely wet method is stacked in the storage method keeping having in stalk application in the hemicellulose of macromolecular structure feature and stalk.Adopt this method to store stalk, the hemicellulose with macromolecular structure feature can be preserved in stalk comparatively in good condition.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: wet method is stacked in the application keeping having in stalk in the hemicellulose of macromolecular structure feature.
In the application, described macromolecular structure feature refers to and maintains alcohol precipitation, water-fast feature.Xylan is the polymer of the residues such as wood sugar, when degree of polymerization < 10, is called xylo-oligosaccharide, in water, presents dissolved state.When molecular weight and the degree of polymerization increase, namely xylan in aqueous in milkiness shape, and has Precipitation after adding the 95v/v% ethanol of 3 times of volumes, and the precipitation of precipitation is the hemicellulose with macromolecular structure feature.Namely the method for the invention is the xylan that protection has above-mentioned macromolecular structure feature.
In technique scheme, described stalk is stem, leaf or fringe part outside gramineae crop seed, reality.Concrete, can be one or more the combination be selected from straw, straw, cornstalk, sorghum stalk, corncob, bagasse and sugarcane top.When stalk be chosen as above-mentioned combination two or more arbitrarily time, the proportioning between them can be any proportioning.
The present invention also comprise by protect hemicellulose in raw material destroyed for the purpose of the storage method of stalk; be specially: stalk is through break process; then stacking is carried out; stacking completes backward buttress body shower water; make the moisture of material in buttress body reach 50% to water suction saturated mode, and in stacking process, keep the moisture of material in buttress body to be 50% to water suction saturated mode.
In above-mentioned storage method, described stalk is stem, leaf or fringe part outside gramineae crop seed, reality.Concrete, can be one or more the combination be selected from straw, straw, cornstalk, sorghum stalk, corncob, bagasse and sugarcane top.When stalk be chosen as above-mentioned combination two or more arbitrarily time, the proportioning between them can be any proportioning.
In above-mentioned storage method, described break process can be make stalk be thread or coarse-grained process, rubbing silk process as undertaken by wire kneading machine, carrying out by disintegrating machine the process that fragmentation obtains the particle compared with coarse grain footpath, or undertaken by squeezer squeezing the conventional treatment mode that can realize fragmentation in the prior aries such as process.Stalk is carried out stacking again after fragmentation, suitable space can be had to ensure water wash while space effective minimizing in buttress body, reach isolated air, form the object of anaerobism state.
In above-mentioned storage method, preferably while stacking, carry out successively compacting, not only more save space like this, more large scale can also be realized and pile up neatly banking up of body.
In above-mentioned storage method, normally from the upper direction buttress body shower water of buttress body; Preferably make the moisture of material in buttress body reach 60% to water suction saturated mode, in follow-up stacking process, also keep the moisture of above-mentioned scope simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, the invention provides the novelty teabag of wet method stacking, the method of the invention is adopted to store stalk, the large molecular state (alcohol settling is large molecule) of hemicellulose in stalk can be preserved in good condition, compared with fresh bagasse, the content preserving xylan in the bagasse of more than 1 year is more than 95% of fresh bagasse, for the safe storage of extensive xylan raw materials for production provides reliable solution; And stopped the disaster hidden-trouble that dry method is deposited.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, and to understand content of the present invention better, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Embodiment 1: adopt following method to measure content and the purity of hemicellulose etc. in stalk in each enforcement.
(1) acid-hydrolysis method measures stalk hemicellulose content
Be wood sugar by the hemicellulose acid-catalyzed hydrolysis in stalk, measured the amount of wood sugar by high-efficient liquid phase technique (HPLC), be converted into the amount (converting according to following formula (a)) of hemicellulose, method is as follows:
Sample determination: stalk 60 DEG C is dried 24h, then measure moisture to be converted into oven-dry weight by Moisture Meter, get the triangular flask that over dry stalk 10g is placed in 250ml, add 1.8% (w/v) H of 80ml
2sO
4solution, 121 DEG C of hydrolysis 90min, filtration residue is also centrifugal, get supernatant 1ml and be diluted to 10ml, add resin desalination to electrical conductivity≤5 μ s/cm, filtering with microporous membrane, sample introduction measures sugared content to high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC), with xylose standard product in contrast.
Xylose standard product measure: with 0.18% (w/v) H
2sO
4solution preparation 2g/L xylose standard product 100ml, gets 10ml and to add with sample with the resin desalination of measuring to electrical conductivity≤5 μ s/cm, filtering with microporous membrane, sample introduction to high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC), as standard items calculation sample xylose concentration.
HPLC condition determination: Shimadzu chromatograph, controller CBM-20A, online degasser DGU-20A
5, pump LC-20AT, RID-10A Composition distribution, manual injector 7255! , Transgenomic Ca
++post, column temperature 85 DEG C, mobile phase ultra-pure water, sample size 20 μ l, flow velocity 0.5ml/min, LCsolution chromatographic work station.
Hemicellulose level (%)=Xylose Content (%) × 0.9 (a)
(2) alkaline extraction method measures large molecular state hemicellulose level in stalk
Hemicellulose in stalk is dissolved out in strong base solution, then with ethanol by its Precipitation from aqueous slkali, sediment dry after survey its purity with acid-hydrolysis method again, the content of large molecular state hemicellulose in material can be calculated.Concrete grammar is as follows:
Hemicellulose extracts: 100g stalk, adds 8% (w/v) NaOH solution 800ml, and 60 DEG C are extracted 24h, filter and wash a filter residue, obtain filtrate 1000ml, instill the ethanol 3000ml of 95% when magnetic agitation, centrifugal, sediment continues with 75% washing to pH11.0, add acetic acid and be neutralized to pH5.0, continue with ethanol washing precipitation 2 times, dry, constant weight, obtains extract powder.The yield of extract to siccative is calculated according to following formula (b).
Extract yield %=powder dry weight × 100/ siccative (b)
Purity testing: get over dry powder 1g, adds 10ml 1.8% (w/v) H
2sO
4solution, 121 DEG C of hydrolysis 90min, sample preparation after hydrolysis, HPLC method measures wood sugar amount, method the same (1), calculates the purity of hemicellulose in powder according to following formula (c), calculate large molecular state hemicellulose yield according to formula (d).
Hemicellulose purity %=powder hemicellulose actual content × 100/ dry powder weight (c)
Large molecule hemicellulose yield %=extract yield (%) × hemicellulose purity (%) × 100 (d)
Embodiment 2
By squeeze sugared workshop dispatch from the factory broken fresh cane slag by existing conventional method carry out stacking (namely with belt-conveying to high-altitude; unload, compacting, spray); store more than 3 years, in whole stacking process, the moisture of protection buttress body material reaches 50% to water suction saturated mode.
By embodiment 1 Measures compare fresh cane slag, at hemicellulose level and large molecular state, extract yield result is respectively as shown in following table 1 and table 2 with storing bagasse (store 3 years time sample).
Table 1: new and old bagasse acid hydrolysis results contrast
Table 2: new and old bagasse alkali extracts results contrast
| Item compared | New bagasse | Store the bagasse of 3 years |
| Large molecule hemicellulose level (to siccative) | 21.16 | 21.30 |
| Extract hemicellulose purity (calculating with xylan) | 79.88 | 80.54 |
From table 1 and table 2, adopt the method for the invention to store, in storage after 3 years, in bagasse, hemicellulose also has more than 98% of fresh cane slag.
Embodiment 3
Fresh corn stalk (adopt method described in embodiment 1 to detect hemicellulose level in fresh corn stalk, result is as shown in table 3) rubs silk through wire kneading machine, obtains long 5 ~ 8cm, the filiform of wide 0.5 ~ 1cm, pile up, successively compacting, spray clear water after stacking completes.Store more than 1 year, in whole stacking process, keep the moisture of material in buttress body to reach 60% to water suction saturated mode.
In stacking sampling Detection (method is with embodiment 1) after 1 year, acquired results and fresh corn stalk compare, as described in Table 3:
Table 3: new and old cornstalk hemicellulose level compares:
| Item compared | New cornstalk | Store the cornstalk of 1 year |
| Large molecule hemicellulose level (to siccative) | 19.80 | 19.56 |
| Extract hemicellulose purity (calculating with xylan) | 72.33 | 73.50 |
Embodiment 4
Corncob (adopts method described in embodiment 1 to detect hemicellulose level in fresh corn stalk, result is as shown in table 4) flatten (thickness is 0.8 ~ 5cm) with flatting mill, then with through rubbing the straw after silk (method described in embodiment 1 is adopted to detect hemicellulose level in fresh corn stalk, result is as shown in table 4) (long 5 ~ 8cm, wide 0.5 ~ 1cm) interlayer stacking, from stacking top spray clear water.Store more than 3 years, in whole stacking process, keep the moisture of material in buttress body to reach 60% to water suction saturated mode.
In stacking sampling Detection (method is with embodiment 1) after 3 years, acquired results and fresh corn core and fresh straw compare, as described in Table 4:
Table 4: corncob and the new and old material of straw compare
| Sample | Hemicellulose extracted amount (g) | Hemicellulose purity (%) |
| Stack 3 years corncobs | 26.46 | 80.45 |
| Fresh corn core | 27.02 | 79.22 |
| Stack 3 years straws | 16.80 | 70.56 |
| Fresh straw | 17.89 | 71.32 |
Claims (7)
1. wet method is stacked in the application keeping having in stalk in the hemicellulose of macromolecular structure feature.
2. application according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stalk is stem, leaf or fringe part outside gramineae crop seed, reality.
3. application according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described stalk is one or more the combination be selected from straw, straw, cornstalk, sorghum stalk, corncob, bagasse and sugarcane top.
4. the storage method of the stalk for the purpose of the hemicellulose keeping macromolecular structure feature in stalk, it is characterized in that: stalk is through break process, then stacking is carried out, stacking completes backward buttress body shower water, make the moisture of material in buttress body reach 50% to water suction saturated mode, and in stacking process, keep the moisture of material in buttress body to be 50% to water suction saturated mode.
5. storage method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described stalk is stem, leaf or fringe part outside gramineae crop seed, reality.
6. the storage method according to claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that: described stalk is one or more the combination be selected from straw, straw, cornstalk, sorghum stalk, corncob, bagasse and sugarcane top.
7. the storage method according to claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that: described break process makes stalk be thread or coarse-grained process.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108999005A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-14 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method that wet process stockpiling processing bagasse prepares porous fiber material |
| CN109487610A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-19 | 广西粤桂广业控股股份有限公司 | A kind of method of the direct pulping by cooking of fresh bagasse |
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| CN102399842A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-04-04 | 上海师范大学 | Method for extracting xylo-oligosaccharide from straws |
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| CN102559805A (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-07-11 | 苏州工业园区尚融科技有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity xylo-oligosaccharide from straw and rice hull |
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| JPS5667301A (en) * | 1979-11-08 | 1981-06-06 | Dai Ichi Seiyaku Co Ltd | Sulfated polysaccharide |
| CN102559804A (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-07-11 | 苏州工业园区尚融科技有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity XOS by adopting straw and rice husk |
| CN102559805A (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-07-11 | 苏州工业园区尚融科技有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity xylo-oligosaccharide from straw and rice hull |
| CN102399842A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-04-04 | 上海师范大学 | Method for extracting xylo-oligosaccharide from straws |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108999005A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-14 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method that wet process stockpiling processing bagasse prepares porous fiber material |
| CN109487610A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-19 | 广西粤桂广业控股股份有限公司 | A kind of method of the direct pulping by cooking of fresh bagasse |
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Application publication date: 20150520 |