CN104630425A - Method for eliminating sigma phase in nuclear piping cast stainless steel - Google Patents
Method for eliminating sigma phase in nuclear piping cast stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104630425A CN104630425A CN201510046441.XA CN201510046441A CN104630425A CN 104630425 A CN104630425 A CN 104630425A CN 201510046441 A CN201510046441 A CN 201510046441A CN 104630425 A CN104630425 A CN 104630425A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment method for eliminating a sigma phase in nuclear piping cast stainless steel and belongs to the field of metal material heat treatment. According to the heat treatment method, isothermal annealing treatment is performed on the cast stainless steel different in sigma phase content for austenite-ferrite nuclear piping within a temperature range of 900-1000 DEG C by use of the same heat treatment equipment for 0.25-35 hours, and water quenching treatment is performed after annealing until the temperature reaches a room temperature. The method is capable of effectively eliminating the sigma phase in the nuclear piping stainless steel; the embrittlement phenomenon of the material due to sigma phase separation s eliminated, and the mechanical properties such as hardness and impact toughness of the material are recovered to the state containing no the sigma phase.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallic substance Field of Heat-treatment, relate to a kind of method eliminating fragility second-phase in stainless steel, be specifically related to a kind of heat treating method eliminating σ phase in Nuclear piping Cast Stainless Steel.
Background technology
Pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant primary Ioops main pipeline plays important barrier action as the safety of important component part to Nuclear power plants on pressure bearing system border, usually adopts the stainless steel casting of austenite-ferrite type duplex structure to form.In this material, ferritic phase plays the effects such as raising intensity, reduction welding heat fragility, raising anticorrosion stress-resistant; But, ferritic existence also bring thermal ageing brittle, in heat-sensitized embrittlement issue, the latter separates out primarily of σ phase and causes ([1] R.N.Gunn.Cambridge England:Abington, 1997:175. [2] K.H.Lo, et al.Materials Science and Engineering R, 2009,65 (4-6): 39-104. [3] Y.Q.Wang, et al.Nuclear Engineering and Design.2013,259:1-7.).Inevitably heat-treat and weld in the production of Nuclear piping, installation process, and enterprise produces actual proof and can produce σ phase in this process.Research shows that σ phase is a kind of hard and crisp intermetallic compound, it not only increases stainless hardness, the stainless toughness of remarkable reduction makes it become fragile, and reduce stainless spot corrosion and corrosion among crystalline grains, so it has been generally acknowledged that its precipitation has material very do harm to ([4] Y.S.Ahn et al.Materials Science and Technology, 2000, 16 (4): 382-388. [5] Y.Q.Wang, B.Yang, H.C.Wu, et al.Materials Transactions.2013, 54 (5): 839-843. [6] Park C J, et al.Corrosion, 2005, 61 (1): 76-83.).The existence of σ phase reduces the military service performance of Nuclear piping, the safe operation of harm Nuclear power plants, and therefore the precipitation of suppression or elimination σ phase seems particularly important.
Usually, precipitation ([7] O.Smuk of σ phase can be effectively delayed or suppress by adding the methods such as suitable alloying element and press working, et al.Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2004, 35 (7): 2103-2109. [8] C.C.Hsieh, et al.ISRN Metallurgy, 2012, 2012:1-16.), but aforesaid method is preventive measure, and the σ phase separated out can not be eliminated, and adjust alloying constituent and can affect materials microstructure and performance, relate to smelting, multiple operation such as shaping, be unfavorable for the strict production requirement of Nuclear piping.Production technique is fixed, alloy that material composition is certain, annealing (solid solution) process is the unique method eliminating σ phase.There are some researches show, there is σ → γ phase transformation higher than during 1050 DEG C of solution treatment in SAF2205 stainless steel, σ phased soln is to ([9] R.Badji in austenitic matrix, et al.Materials Science and Engineering A, 2008,496 (1 – 2): 447-454.), but the microstructure and composition of Nuclear piping Cast Stainless Steel is all obviously different from SAF2205, need the best exploring new σ phase to eliminate technique.Therefore, develop a kind of heat treating method eliminating σ phase in Nuclear piping stainless steel targetedly, for improving pipeline material performance, ensureing that nuclear plant safety has important actual application value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of removing method for σ phase in Nuclear piping Cast Stainless Steel, to adopting said method can eliminate Nuclear piping stainless steel due to σ phase separate out cause in heat-sensitized fragility phenomenon, material mechanical performance is returned to not containing the level of σ phase, thus reaches the object improved tube performance, increase the service life.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
A kind of method eliminating σ phase in Nuclear piping Cast Stainless Steel of the present invention, adopt isothermal annealing treatment process to process the described Cast Stainless Steel containing σ phase, concrete technology parameter is:
Annealing temperature: 900 ~ 1000 DEG C; Annealing time: 0.25 ~ 35h; The type of cooling: shrend is to room temperature.
Further, described annealing temperature is 950 DEG C, annealing time 0.5h.
The present invention specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) observe timeliness steel part tissue, measure the content of σ phase in timeliness steel part;
(2) steel part containing σ phase is carried out 900 ~ 1000 DEG C of anneal, time 0.25 ~ 35h, measure the content of σ phase;
(3) impelling strength, the microcell hardness of steel part after anneal is tested.
Described step (1), (2) adopt opticmicroscope (OM) or scanning electronic microscope (SEM) tissues observed pictures taken, the minimum shooting of each sample 20 visual fields, adopt metallurgical analysis software statistics σ phase amount, volume fraction is replaced with area fraction, reliably easy like this.
The Charpy-V impact power of v-notch sample under described step (3) test room temperature, specimen size: 10mm × 10mm × 55mm, surfaceness R
abe better than 5 μm, except end.
Equipment for Heating Processing of annealing in the present invention is the one in chamber type electric resistance furnace, tube type resistance furnace or vacuum annealing furnace.Isothermal annealing process atmosphere of the present invention is the one in air, vacuum or rare gas element.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect:
1, the Nuclear piping Cast Stainless Steel that the present invention is directed to particular tissues and composition proposes its fragility σ phase method of a kind of simple, efficient, economic elimination, compares the production process related to few, can improve enterprise's productivity effect, save energy with additive method;
2, the present invention adopts same equipment for Heating Processing, organizes parallel sample more, can ensure the accuracy of measurement, test result.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure of steel part sample before and after anneal in the embodiment of the present invention 1,2,3;
Wherein: (a) is the tissue of 750 DEG C of timeliness 200h steel part samples; B (), (c), (d) are 750 DEG C of timeliness 200h steel part samples sample tissue after 900 DEG C of anneal 35h, 950 DEG C of anneal 0.5h, 1000 DEG C of anneal 0.25h in the inventive method respectively.
Fig. 2 is impact specimen fracture apperance before and after anneal in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Wherein: (a), (d) are nonageing steel part sample impact fracture patterns; B (), (e) are 750 DEG C of timeliness 200h steel part sample impact fracture patterns; C (), (f) are 750 DEG C of timeliness 200h steel parts sample impact fracture patterns after the inventive method 950 DEG C of anneal 0.5h; D (), (e), (f) are the high power figure of (a), (b), (c) respectively.
Fig. 3 is sample microcell hardness before and after anneal in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Embodiment
By the elaboration content of the present invention that following embodiment is detailed further, to better understanding it, but example does not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment certain main nuclear power pipeline Cast Stainless Steel part to 750 DEG C of process 200h carries out 900 DEG C of anneal, time 35h, and step is as follows:
The first step, steel part is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 10mm sample several.
Second step, 10mm × 10mm × 10mm sample is ultrasonic cleaning, then direct supply electrolytic attack after sand papering to 2000#, 1.5 μm of diamond paste mechanical polishinges, and parameter is: voltage 3V, time 10S, and electrolytic solution is: 30g NaOH+120mL H
2o, observes the metallographic structure of steel part, measures σ phase content in steel part.
3rd step, puts into tube type resistance furnace by remaining Nuclear piping stainless steel part after sampling and carries out 35h anneal at 900 DEG C, select argon gas as protective atmosphere, adopt water quenching to be cooled to room temperature after anneal.
4th step, after observation anneal, the metallographic structure of steel part, measures σ phase content (concrete operations are with step one, two) in steel part, contrasts with the tissue not containing σ phase steel part.As shown in table 1, Fig. 1, after adopting method for annealing process of the present invention, organizing of Nuclear piping Cast Stainless Steel has returned to substantially not containing the state of σ phase.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment certain main nuclear power pipeline Cast Stainless Steel part to 750 DEG C of process 200h carries out 950 DEG C of anneal, time 0.5h, and step is as follows:
The first step, steel part is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 10mm and 10mm × 10mm × 55mm sample several, wherein 10mm × 10mm × 55mm specimen surface roughness R
abe better than 5 μm, except end, v-notch is opened in centre.
Second step, 10mm × 10mm × 10mm sample is ultrasonic cleaning, then direct supply electrolytic attack after sand papering to 2000#, 1.5 μm of diamond paste mechanical polishinges, and parameter is: voltage 3V, time 10S, and electrolytic solution is: 30g NaOH+120mL H
2o, observes the metallographic structure of steel part, measures σ phase content in steel part.
3rd step, measures the austenite of 10mm × 10mm × 10mm sample, the microcell hardness of ferritic phase after polishing electrolytic attack with microhardness tester.
4th step, with Charpy-V impact power under polarity formula balance weight impact testing machine test 10mm × 10mm × 55mm sample room temperature, at least three parallel samples, get measuring result mean value.
5th step, remaining Nuclear piping stainless steel part after sampling is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace and carries out 0.5h anneal at 950 DEG C, atmosphere is air, adopts water quenching to be cooled to room temperature after anneal.
6th step, the metallographic structure of steel part after observation anneal, measure σ phase content in steel part, the Charpy-V impact power of the rear steel part of test annealing and austenite, ferritic phase microcell hardness (concrete operations are with step one, two, three, four), contrast with tissue, impelling strength, fracture apperance, microcell hardness etc. not containing σ phase steel part.As shown in table 1, table 2 and Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3, after adopting method for annealing process of the present invention, the tissue of Nuclear piping Cast Stainless Steel and mechanical property have returned to the state not containing σ phase.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment certain main nuclear power pipeline Cast Stainless Steel part to 750 DEG C of process 200h carries out 1000 DEG C of anneal, time 0.25h, and step is as follows:
The first step, steel part is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 10mm sample several.
Second step, 10mm × 10mm × 10mm sample is ultrasonic cleaning, then direct supply electrolytic attack after sand papering to 2000#, 1.5 μm of diamond paste mechanical polishinges, and parameter is: voltage 3V, time 10S, and electrolytic solution is: 30g NaOH+120mL H
2o, observes the metallographic structure of steel part, measures σ phase content in steel part.
3rd step, puts into vacuum annealing furnace by remaining Nuclear piping stainless steel part after sampling and carries out 0.25h anneal at 1000 DEG C, adopt water quenching to be cooled to room temperature after anneal.
4th step, after observation anneal, the metallographic structure of steel part, measures σ phase content (concrete operations are with step one, two) in steel part, contrasts with the tissue not containing σ phase steel part.As shown in table 1, Fig. 1, after adopting method for annealing process of the present invention, the organized renewing of Nuclear piping Cast Stainless Steel has arrived the state not containing σ phase.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment certain main nuclear power pipeline Cast Stainless Steel part to 750 DEG C of process 100h carries out 950 DEG C of anneal, and time 0.5h step is as follows:
The first step, steel part is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 10mm and 10mm × 10mm × 55mm sample several, wherein 10mm × 10mm × 55mm specimen surface roughness R
abe better than 5 μm, except end, v-notch is opened in centre.
Second step, 10mm × 10mm × 10mm sample is ultrasonic cleaning, then direct supply electrolytic attack after sand papering to 2000#, 1.5 μm of diamond paste mechanical polishinges, and parameter is: voltage 3V, time 10S, and electrolytic solution is: 30g NaOH+120mL H
2o, observes the metallographic structure of steel part, measures σ phase content in steel part.
3rd step, with Charpy-V impact power under polarity formula balance weight impact testing machine test 10mm × 10mm × 55mm sample room temperature, at least three parallel samples, get measuring result mean value.
4th step, remaining Nuclear piping stainless steel part after sampling is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace and carries out 0.5h anneal at 950 DEG C, atmosphere is air, adopts water quenching to be cooled to room temperature after anneal.
5th step, after observation anneal, the metallographic structure of steel part, measures σ phase content in steel part, the Charpy-V impact power (concrete operations are with step one, two, three) of steel part after test annealing, contrasts with tissue, the impelling strength not containing σ phase steel part.As shown in table 1, table 2, after adopting method for annealing process of the present invention, the tissue of Nuclear piping Cast Stainless Steel and mechanical property have returned to the state not containing σ phase.
Table 1, embodiment select the change of σ phase content (volume fraction) in main nuclear power pipeline Cast Stainless Steel
| Nonageing | Sample after timeliness | Sample after annealing | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0％ | 18.57±0.65％ | 0％ |
| Embodiment 2 | 0％ | 18.57±0.65％ | 0％ |
| Embodiment 3 | 0％ | 18.57±0.65％ | 0％ |
| Embodiment 4 | 0％ | 18.02±1.84％ | 0％ |
Table 2, embodiment select the change of main nuclear power pipeline Cast Stainless Steel ballistic work
| Nonageing | Sample after timeliness | Sample after annealing | |
| Embodiment 2 | 392.57±12.7J | 37.0±2.5J | 389.3±7.4J |
| Embodiment 4 | 392.25±11.3J | 54.5±14.15J | 385.7±9.2J |
Claims (2)
1. eliminate a method for σ phase in Nuclear piping Cast Stainless Steel, it is characterized in that, adopt isothermal annealing treatment process to process the described Cast Stainless Steel containing σ phase, concrete technology parameter is:
Annealing temperature: 900 ~ 1000 DEG C; Annealing time: 0.25 ~ 35h; The type of cooling: shrend is to room temperature.
2. a kind of method eliminating σ phase in Nuclear piping Cast Stainless Steel as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described annealing temperature is 950 DEG C, annealing time 0.5h.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108754105A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-06 | 常熟理工学院 | A kind of control method that ER316L austenite stainless steel wire rod σ phases are precipitated |
| SE1950909A1 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-01 | Ferritico Ab | Duplex steel with improved embrittlement properties and method of producing such |
| CN113832412A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-24 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Heat treatment method of Nb-containing Cr-Ni cast austenitic heat-resistant stainless steel |
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| CN1343798A (en) * | 2000-09-16 | 2002-04-10 | 江苏江河集团电力工程公司 | Centrifugal casting technology for manufacturing cold drawn seamless pipe of ultralow-carbon dual-phase stainless steel |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108754105A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-06 | 常熟理工学院 | A kind of control method that ER316L austenite stainless steel wire rod σ phases are precipitated |
| SE1950909A1 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-01 | Ferritico Ab | Duplex steel with improved embrittlement properties and method of producing such |
| CN113832412A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-24 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Heat treatment method of Nb-containing Cr-Ni cast austenitic heat-resistant stainless steel |
| CN113832412B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-12-05 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Heat treatment method of Nb-containing Cr-Ni cast austenitic heat-resistant stainless steel |
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Effective date of registration: 20200324 Address after: 225700 Shennan Road, Shenlun Industrial Park, Xinghua City, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Jiangsu Oude sanitary products Co., Ltd Address before: 243002 Anhui province Ma'anshan Huashan Lake District Road No. 59 Patentee before: ANHUI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY |