CN104628151A - Artificial seaweed for purifying riverway water quality - Google Patents
Artificial seaweed for purifying riverway water quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN104628151A CN104628151A CN201510040219.9A CN201510040219A CN104628151A CN 104628151 A CN104628151 A CN 104628151A CN 201510040219 A CN201510040219 A CN 201510040219A CN 104628151 A CN104628151 A CN 104628151A
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- porous cellulose
- cellulose carrier
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
- C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses artificial seaweed for purifying riverway water quality. The artificial seaweed comprises a net cage and a body, wherein the body is connected with the net cage; the body is composed of a porous cellulose carrier on the outer side and a middle aerating bubble film; the porous cellulose carrier on the outer side is divided into an upper porous cellulose carrier and a lower porous cellulose carrier; the aperture of the upper porous cellulose carrier is greater than that of the lower porous cellulose carrier; and an aquatic plant growth packing is contained in the net cage. The artificial seaweed is simple in structural design, simple and easy to mount, low in manufacturing cost, free of artificial aeration, low in operation and large in specific surface area; a modified natural fiber is adopted; biofilm colonization is ideal; the water quality is compositely purified by bacteria-algae-aquatic plant; and the purification efficiency is high; and the artificial seaweed is convenient, economical, environment-friendly and energy-saving.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial float grass for riverway water quality purification, to river, lake etc., there is good effects of purification quality, belong to artificial aquatic weed technical field.
Background technology
Original position ecological reestablishment method for improving polluted river, lake water quality has the advantages such as treatment effect is good, running cost is low, obtains fast development in recent years.The main original position eco-treatment technology adopted mainly contains aeration, throws the methods such as bacterium method, artificial swamp at present, but aeration power consumption is higher, the special bacteria throwing bacterium method obtains and whether can grow into dominant bacteria problem current or to be solved, and the application of artificial swamp method is also subject to the restriction of river topography and water conservancy feature.Biological contact oxidation process arranges bed of packings on natural river course, relies on the metabolic mechanism of the biofilm microorganisms that filler adheres to carry out purifying water body water quality, be suitable for the self purification of water body such as river, lake.Artificial aquatic weed technology is the expansion of biological contact oxidation process application, and this technology, by water bodys such as simulating waterseed application river course, lakes, makes water body purification process have more ecological property.
Also there are some problem and shortage in existing artificial aquatic weed technology when being applied to Water Pollution Control Engineering field.Chinese patent literature CN2820849Y discloses a kind of artificial water purification straw, but this artificial water purification straw needs artificial aeration, drop technique carries out water body oxygenation, and the pasture and water ecosystem is single, only completes dirty water purification by mushroom, and system purification efficiency is low; Patent CN202046932U discloses a kind of artificial waterweeds for water purification, these pasture and water comprise epimere biologic packing material and hypomere biologic packing material and stationary installation and form, but these pasture and water are installed employing at water body and hang state from above, install inconvenient, and disadvantageous effect is caused to navigation and flood passage; CN101254975A discloses a kind of manufacture method and application of artificial float grass, these pasture and water sampling three-layer composite structure, centre is light foam, both sides are mixed fiber layer, above establish ball float, divide into sandbag, complex structure, to water body flood passage and open the navigation or air flight unfavorable, and during practical application, the ecosystem of simulating waterseed is single, affects treatment effect.In a word, the carrier that existing artificial aquatic weed is selected mostly is organic synthesis material, its bioaffinity and wetting ability poor, during application, carrier biofilm is slow, and stable performance is poor; Some artificial aquatic weeds are directly fixed with strip and block precast concrete, poor with the eco-compatibility of river course substrate; The growth characteristic of bacterium, alga microbial is not considered in the micropore design of artificial aquatic weed, does not consider the purification function of bacterium, algae, natural waterweeds and hydrobiont complex ecosystem, water purification inefficiency during actual motion yet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency that existing artificial aquatic weed technology exists, propose a kind of easy to use, cost is low, be easy to install the riverway water quality purification artificial aquatic weed fixing, specific surface area is large, biofilm is desirable, water purification usefulness is high.
Riverway water quality purification artificial aquatic weed of the present invention, by the following technical solutions:
This artificial aquatic weed, comprises net cage and body, and body is connected on net cage; Body is made up of outside porous cellulose carrier and middle inflation vacuolar membrane, and outside porous cellulose carrier is divided into upper strata porous cellulose carrier and lower floor's porous cellulose carrier, and the aperture of upper strata porous cellulose carrier is greater than the aperture of lower floor's porous cellulose carrier; Aquatic plants growth filler (haydite, clay etc.) and pasture and water seed are housed in net cage.
The bottom of body is provided with non-woven fabrics, and the two ends of non-woven fabrics are provided with the collar.
The upper surface of net cage is provided with hook.The aperture diameter of net cage is 0.5-2cm.
The modified porous cellulose carrier that described porous cellulose carrier adopts following methods to prepare:
The reed rod of drying is cut into long 10-20cm bar section, rotary spherical digester is entered after desanding, add in rotary spherical digester the S-WAT of reed quality 15%, the formaldehyde of 1.0% and 0.06% anthraquinone, post-heating to 160 DEG C-180 DEG C is mixed in rotary spherical digester, react after 2 hours, use clear water rinsing, gained Mierocrystalline cellulose after rinsing is dried to water ratio 10-20%, add the liquor zinci chloridi of massfraction 80-90%, under the rotating speed of 50-100 rev/min, be stirred to cellulose dissolution, add trevira as enhancing skeleton, then add pore former, after stirring, inject mould molding; Last washing in warm water solidifies 1-2 days, makes cellosolve stripping, makes pore former stripping form micropore simultaneously; Then, obtained by freeze drying cellulose materials, again cellulosics is immersed in cationic starch modifier solution, be warming up to 60 DEG C, and keep 30 minutes, add sodium hydroxide, forming mass concentration is 1-2% alkali lye, react 30 minutes, then take out washing, dry and obtain modified porous cellulose carrier.
Above-mentioned artificial aquatic weed floats in water body by body, is fixed by net cage.After putting into riverbed, the pasture and water seed germination in net cage, pasture and water root penetrates bottom net cage, and pasture and water grow, and rely on the root of natural waterweeds and the dual function of net cage, pasture and water are fixed in bank or riverbed.The top micropore of the porous cellulose carrier in body is suitable for greatly adhering to micro algae growth, bottom micropore is little, appropriate bacterial apposition growth, in addition, for different water quality characteristicses, bottom micropore macrovoid and fine porosity are arranged by a certain percentage, be respectively ammonifying bacteria on microbial film, the heterotroph such as autotroph and the denitrifying bacteria bacterium such as nitrifier creates suitable environment, effectively removes the pollutent such as nitrogen, phosphorus, organism in water body.The Main Function of pasture and water seed utilizes the root of pasture and water to be fixed on firmly on riverbed by sandbag, and net cage would not move because of sluicing, affects the decontamination effect improving of artificial aquatic weed to water quality.
Reasonable in design of the present invention, install simple and easy, cost of manufacture is low, and without the need to artificial aeration, running cost is low, specific surface area is large, adopt modified natural fibers, bio-film colonization is desirable, utilizes bacterium-algae-waterplant complex ecosystem to purify water, purification efficiency is high, is a kind of convenience, economy, environmental protection, energy-conservation artificial aquatic weed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of riverway water quality purification artificial aquatic weed of the present invention.
Wherein: 1, net cage, 2, body, 3, non-woven fabrics, 4, the collar, 5, hook, 6, pasture and water, 7, pasture and water root, 8, filler, 9, natural waterweeds seed.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, riverway water quality purification artificial aquatic weed of the present invention, comprise net cage 1 and body 2, body 2 is connected on net cage 1.The bottom of body 2 is provided with non-woven fabrics 3, and the two ends of non-woven fabrics 1 are provided with the collar 4, and the upper surface of net cage 1 is provided with hook 5, together with the collar 4 snaps over hook 5, body 2 and net cage 1 is linked together.The upper surface of net cage 1 at least connects a row body 2.
Body 2 is rectangle, long 80-160cm, wide 3-10cm, and thick about 1-3cm, floats in water body in ribbon.Body 2 is made up of the modified porous cellulose carrier in outside and middle inflation vacuolar membrane, and middle inflation vacuolar membrane folder both sides are modified porous cellulose carrier.Inflation vacuolar membrane is made up of lightweight aging-resistant modified polyurethane plastics, is made up of, guarantees that artificial aquatic weed body floats in water body multiple oval air bag.The specific surface area that porous cellulose carrier is huge and extremely low density of material, in addition under aerated film effect, can produce larger buoyancy when whole body 2 is placed in water.
Porous cellulose carrier outside body 2 is divided into upper strata porous cellulose carrier and lower floor's porous cellulose carrier, and the aperture of upper strata porous cellulose carrier is greater than the aperture of lower floor's porous cellulose carrier.Porous cellulose carrier obtains Mierocrystalline cellulose, cellulose dissolution drilling, lyophilize by reed rod through boiling and to be cation-modifiedly prepared from, bio-compatibility is good, be easy to biofilm, effectively can remove the pollutent such as nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter in water body, overcome the problems such as existing artificial aquatic weed high cost, biofilm biomass is not enough.Porous cellulose carrier adopts modified porous cellulose carrier, it prepares concrete grammar: the reed rod of drying is cut into 10-20cm bar section, wind-force desanding enters rotary spherical digester, the S-WAT of 15% is added in rotary spherical digester, the formaldehyde of 1.0% and the anthraquinone of 0.06%, post-heating to 160 DEG C-180 DEG C is mixed in rotary spherical digester, react after 2 hours, after clear water repeatedly rinsing, gained Mierocrystalline cellulose after rinsing is dried to water ratio 10-20%, add the liquor zinci chloridi of massfraction 80-90%, cellulose dissolution is stirred under the rotating speed of 50-100 rev/min, add the Finished polyester fiber of certain length as enhancing skeleton, add pore former again, after stirring, inject abrasive tool moulding, last washing in warm water solidifies 1-2 days, makes cellosolve stripping, makes pore former stripping form micropore simultaneously.Then, obtained by freeze drying cellulose materials, cellulosics is immersed containing in a certain amount of cationic starch modifier solution again, be warming up to 60 DEG C, and keep 30 minutes, add sodium hydroxide, forming mass concentration is 1-2% alkali lye, react 30 minutes, then take out washing, dry and can complete the cation-modified of carrier.Strengthening fibrous skeleton length, pore former add-on and stirring intensity by changing, the micropore size size generating porous cellulose carrier can be controlled.
Modified porous cellulose carrier is the reticulated structure of porous, and thickness is 1-3mm, loosely organized, and the density of carrier is less than the density of water, and the porosity of carrier is about 85%, and specific surface area is larger.By top downwards about 30cm-50cm position be upper strata porous cellulose carrier.The microorganic adhesion area of upper strata porous cellulose carrier can reach 200-300m
2.m
-2, between mean pore size 500-800 μm, be exposed to above water body, top is sunny, the micro-algae of the condition such as temperature, dissolved oxygen suitable growth, and algae film erosion quantity is below 10%.The characteristics such as the aperture of carrier is comparatively large, erosion resistibility is strong solve the problem that upper strata, river water flow is large, algae is easily run off, for micro-algae provides suitable, stable growing space, form micro-algal layer, micro-algal layer has good removal effect, especially to the removal of phosphorus to nitrogen, phosphorus.While the pollutents such as removal water body nitrogen, phosphorus, add body local environment dissolved oxygen content, be conducive to the growth of nitrobacteria and other heterotrophic organisms, be conducive to the removal of BOD and the nitrated of ammonia nitrogen.
By bottom 30-50cm to artificial aquatic weed being lower floor's porous cellulose carrier, the microorganic adhesion area of lower floor's porous cellulose carrier is at 300-500m
2.m
-2this layer of fibers mainly distributes large and small class aperture, the growth of suitable autotrophic microorganism and heterotrophic microorganism respectively, high aperture size is 100-400 μm, small pore size is 5-50 μm, wide aperture and small-bore are evenly arranged, and wide aperture and small-bore proportion can regulate according to water body ammonia nitrogen, COD concentration.For the water body that because of sanitary sewage discharge pollute of ammonia nitrogen concentration at 10-25mg/L, COD concentration 60-100mg/L, large and small aperture area occupied, than being 3:1-4:1, increases the bond area of suitable autotrophic microorganism growth, the removal of strengthening ammonia nitrogen; For below ammonia-nitrogen content 10mg/L, the river water body of COD concentration 30-100mg/L, large and small aperture area occupied, than being 1:1-2:1, increasing the bond area of suitable heterotrophic microorganism growth, strengthens organic removal.In addition, the dissolved oxygen from outside to inside that microbial film itself is formed successively decreases gradually, also form microbial film aerobic to anoxic, the microenvironment arriving anaerobism again, while removal water body organism, enhances the removal to water body nitrogen, phosphorus.The aperture of lower floor's carrier diminishes, and specific surface area increases, and biofilm biomass is comparatively large, and thickness reaches about 0.5-3mm, and lower floor's flow rate of water flow is little, pollutant load is high, needs a large amount of microorganisms, and the structure of lower layer space has just in time catered to this feature.From the oxygen that the natural waterweeds of growth in micro-algae on upper strata and bottom net cage 1 provides, the biological activity making top layer microbial film keep higher, improves the effective rate of utilization of carrier specific surface area.
The design of body 2 can build mild water environment, accelerates suspended substance precipitation; Secondly suspended substance impels its abundant sedimentation in the collision with body surface, again by the biological flocculation of body surface, suspended substance is adsorbed and is finally down to net cage 1 with biofilm detachment, then degraded further by the ecosystem that enriches that sand grains, waterplant in net cage 1 build.
The net cage 1 be connected to below body 2 is the rectangular parallelepiped of 50cm*25cm*25cm, and adopt the styrenic polymer adding antioxidant to make, have anti-aging, corrosion resistant good characteristic, net cage 1 surface hollow-out, aperture diameter is about 0.5-2cm.Net cage 1 is built with the seed 9 of natural waterweeds, and the filler 8 such as grit, plantation clay, haydite, gac, and mean density is greater than 2.0 × 10
3kg/m
3.After riverbed put into by net cage 1, the natural waterweeds seed germination in net cage 1, pasture and water 6 grow, and pasture and water root 7 penetrates bottom net cage 1, and root is placed in river water body bed mud.Namely whole artificial aquatic weed system relies on the dual function of the root of natural waterweeds and net cage 1 to be fixed.
In the application of concrete purification river water quality, according to river water quality feature, placement density and the length of artificial aquatic weed can be set flexibly, guarantee to reach good water quality.
Artificial aquatic weed of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, when artificial aquatic weed comes into operation, in the short period of time, natural waterweeds seed growth is grown, root is flourishing, and root system can implant riverbed deeply, when river generation flood or serious sluicing, artificial aquatic weed both can not be broken up, was piled up, also can not affect flood discharge, the effect in fixing riverbed can also be played, compared with concrete fixed form cost low, easy to operate, there is good bio-compatibility.
2, the growth of pasture and water, for the microbial film that artificial aquatic weed body adheres to provides oxygen, saves aerating apparatus, is more conducive to the recovery of the river water ecosystem.
3, artificial aquatic weed carrier connects in the mode of corresponding hasp with sandbag, conveniently transports, carries.
Claims (5)
1. a riverway water quality purification artificial aquatic weed, comprise net cage and body, it is characterized in that, body is made up of outside porous cellulose carrier and middle inflation vacuolar membrane, outside porous cellulose carrier is divided into upper strata porous cellulose carrier and lower floor's porous cellulose carrier, and the aperture of upper strata porous cellulose carrier is greater than the aperture of lower floor's porous cellulose carrier; Aquatic plants growth filler and pasture and water seed are housed in net cage.
2. riverway water quality purification artificial aquatic weed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the bottom of described body is provided with non-woven fabrics, and the two ends of non-woven fabrics are provided with the collar.
3. riverway water quality purification artificial aquatic weed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the upper surface of described net cage is provided with hook.
4. riverway water quality purification artificial aquatic weed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the aperture diameter of described net cage is 0.5-2cm.
5. riverway water quality purification artificial aquatic weed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the modified porous cellulose carrier that described porous cellulose carrier adopts following methods to prepare:
Dry reed rod is cut into long 10-20cm bar section, rotary spherical digester is entered after desanding, add in rotary spherical digester the S-WAT of reed quality 15%, the formaldehyde of 1.0% and 0.06% anthraquinone, post-heating to 160 DEG C-180 DEG C is mixed in rotary spherical digester, react after 2 hours, use clear water rinsing, gained Mierocrystalline cellulose after rinsing is dried to water ratio 10-20%, add the liquor zinci chloridi of massfraction 80-90%, under the rotating speed of 50-100 rev/min, be stirred to cellulose dissolution, add trevira as enhancing skeleton, then add pore former, after stirring, inject mould molding; Last washing in warm water solidifies 1-2 days, makes cellosolve stripping, makes pore former stripping form micropore simultaneously; Then, obtained by freeze drying cellulose materials, again cellulosics is immersed in cationic starch modifier solution, be warming up to 60 DEG C, and keep 30 minutes, add sodium hydroxide, forming mass concentration is 1-2% alkali lye, react 30 minutes, then take out washing, dry and obtain modified porous cellulose carrier.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105347507A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-02-24 | 河海大学 | Artificial waterweed |
| CN106608678A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-05-03 | 上海博亚环保科技有限公司 | River-lake polluted water in-situ restoring system |
| CN108002544A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2018-05-08 | 浙江华洋水务科技有限公司 | Aerating type composite fibre artificial aquatic weed aerator |
| CN108217976A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-29 | 青岛净界生态技术有限公司 | A kind of bionic aquatic weed method of modifying |
| CN112021140A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-04 | 周围 | Preparation method and application of waterweed mud |
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| CN101921017A (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-22 | 深圳市环境工程科学技术中心 | Water plant imitating biological carrier, polyurethane composite material and water quality purifying technology |
| CN102826657A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-19 | 北京化工大学 | Carbon fiber wetland type ecological floating bed and arrangement method thereof |
| CN204417217U (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-06-24 | 山东省环境保护科学研究设计院 | A kind of riverway water quality purification artificial aquatic weed |
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2015
- 2015-01-27 CN CN201510040219.9A patent/CN104628151B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101921017A (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-22 | 深圳市环境工程科学技术中心 | Water plant imitating biological carrier, polyurethane composite material and water quality purifying technology |
| CN102826657A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-19 | 北京化工大学 | Carbon fiber wetland type ecological floating bed and arrangement method thereof |
| CN204417217U (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-06-24 | 山东省环境保护科学研究设计院 | A kind of riverway water quality purification artificial aquatic weed |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106608678A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-05-03 | 上海博亚环保科技有限公司 | River-lake polluted water in-situ restoring system |
| CN105347507A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-02-24 | 河海大学 | Artificial waterweed |
| CN108002544A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2018-05-08 | 浙江华洋水务科技有限公司 | Aerating type composite fibre artificial aquatic weed aerator |
| CN108217976A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-29 | 青岛净界生态技术有限公司 | A kind of bionic aquatic weed method of modifying |
| CN112021140A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-04 | 周围 | Preparation method and application of waterweed mud |
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| CN104628151B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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Address after: 250013 Lishan Road, Lixia District, Ji'nan, Shandong, 50 Patentee after: Shandong Environmental Protection Scientific Research Design Institute Co., Ltd. Address before: 250013 Lishan Road, Lixia District, Ji'nan, Shandong, 50 Patentee before: Shandong Academy of Environmental Science |
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