CN104624767B - A kind of micro-drawing part manufacturing process of big drawing ratio - Google Patents
A kind of micro-drawing part manufacturing process of big drawing ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN104624767B CN104624767B CN201410773197.2A CN201410773197A CN104624767B CN 104624767 B CN104624767 B CN 104624767B CN 201410773197 A CN201410773197 A CN 201410773197A CN 104624767 B CN104624767 B CN 104624767B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/01—Selection of materials
Abstract
A kind of micro-drawing part manufacturing process of big drawing ratio. Solve the technical problem that the micro-method for drawing of routine is strict to drawing clearance requirement, insufficient lubrication, die cost high, limited drawing ratio is little carrying out scaled down with tradition drawing technology. It is particularly well-suited to the application of micro-drawing forming technology. Described method adopts polymeric powder, as drawing punch, workpiece is carried out drawing and forming, and owing to need not adopt rigidity punch, therefore the drawing gap not requirement to tradition drawing and forming, greatly reduces die manufacturing cost. Meanwhile, the advantage possessing traditional soft contour forming, it is possible to once drawing goes out big drawing ratio, complex-shaped part, the accessory size shaped is small, surface quality good, and mould is simple, with low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drawing and forming technical field. Specifically a kind of drawing and forming technology being applied to trickle drawing part.
Background technology
Micro-drawing forming has a wide range of applications in fields such as MEMS, microsystems technology, biologic medicals. Existing micro-drawing forming technology, mainly according to similarity theory, tradition drawing technology is carried out scaled down, as shown in Figure 3, blank is placed on die, under the effect of the pressure-pad-force being downwardly applied at blank holder compacted, descending along with punch, blank is drawn into die, is formed and has effigurate drawing part.
Along with microminiaturized impact, will processing qualified micro-drawing part, it is necessary to assure drawing gap uniformity, Making mold precision is high, thus causes that die manufacturing cost is high, and very easily produces drawing crack, the defect such as wrinkling, and the part drawing ratio shaped is low. And tradition drawing technology be difficult to once-forming go out big drawing ratio part, for inductile, difficult-to-deformation material, drawing of at room temperature even having no way of.
Owing to traditional drawing and forming technique is difficult to obtain the product of bigger drawing ratio, the method now having been developed that the drawing and forming using fluid as transmission medium, namely it is the effect that instead of punch drawing bar with liquid, directly utilize hydraulic pressure and workpiece is carried out drawing and forming, its situation is the same as the blow molding commonly used in Injection Industry, is all utilize fluid dynamic to coordinate die that workpiece is formed. Although liquid shapes can the relatively larger part of production department's drawing, but the seal request of hydroforming process is significantly high, must use sealing ring that it is sealed, this can make again the mobility of rapidoprint be obstructed, affect drawing effect, especially for the drawing operation of miniature parts, its problem sealing difficulty and constricted flow will be further exacerbated by. Utilizing hydraulic pressure to carry out drawing and forming operation, its part produced is to need to clean, and to wash the hydraulic oil liquid of remnants off, and for small miniature drawing parts, the fluid washing remaining adhesion is extremely difficult.
Chinese patent literature CN1644262A describes a kind of effect adopting solid particle to replace rigidity punch and plate is carried out half contour forming, its technical characteristic is to adopt diameter phi��solid particle such as 4mm high rigidity steel ball or natural sand as power transmission medium, the program solves the variety of problems produced because of sealing in hydroforming well, and by overcoming the problem that can not accurately control pressure utilizing flexible media such as rubber etc.But, through rationally inferring and can draw the program, utilizing the material such as steel ball or the grains of sand to carry out drawing operation as transmission medium, the inwall of the drawing part of its output would is that rough, if for the workpiece having surface roughness requirements, it is necessary to part inwall to be carried out polishing processing. For bigger part, the thing that polishing processing is not highly difficult at last, but for small miniature drawing part, it is very unpractical that its inwall carries out polishing. And, the scale size of steel ball or the grains of sand is even far beyond the scale size of miniature drawing part, it is clear that steel ball or the grains of sand are inapplicable as the drawing scheme of transmission medium on micro-drawing part is processed.
It addition, carry out miniature workpiece stretching in operation process, how to lubricate also is a very stubborn problem. The research of the friction scale effect of the micro-upsetting process of cylinder sample according to Harbin Institute of Technology Gong Feng finds, under Oil Lubrication Condition, coefficient of friction is gradually increased (F.Gong along with the reduction of specimen size, B.Guo, C.J.Wang, D.B.Shan.SizeeffectonfrictionofC3602incylindercompressio n.TribologyTransactions.2010,53 (2): 244-248). Therefore, in miniature drawing process, oil lubrication is clearly inapplicable.
Summary of the invention
For this, the present invention is to solve that the micro-method for drawing of routine carrying out scaled down with traditional drawing technology is strict to drawing clearance requirement, insufficient lubrication, die cost are high, and the problem that limited drawing ratio is little, thus proposing micro-drawing part manufacturing process of a kind of big drawing ratio.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides micro-drawing part manufacturing process of a kind of big drawing ratio, adopts polymeric powder, as drawing punch, workpiece is carried out drawing and forming, including:
A, diameter dimension D according to the internal diameter size d of target part and blank, making diameter range in upper mould is be more than or equal to d, punch packing cavity less than or equal to d/2+D/2 and the drift that matches with punch packing cavity; Profile according to target part makes concave die cavity and the cushion block doubling as push rod matched with concave die cavity in counterdie;
B, making the locating slot matched with blank diameter size centered by the axis of concave die cavity at the end face of counterdie, the degree of depth of described locating slot is less than the thickness of blank, produces rounding in described concave die cavity with the junction at the bottom of locating slot;
C, blank are placed in locating slot; Cushion block is placed in the bottom of concave die cavity, and after aliging with the dead in line of concave die cavity, above mould and counterdie close punch packing cavity; The bottom surface of upper mould is close to blank and blank is applied pressure-pad-force; To punch packing cavity filled high polymer powder; Drift inserts punch packing cavity and advances to blank direction, and polymeric powder promotes blank to enter concave die cavity; When blank deep-drawing deformation until it is fitted with cushion block completely, shape complete.
Described polymeric powder adopts high molecular polymer powder, the yardstick that polymeric powder has granule is small, not only there is good mobility, and the inwall of the drawing part produced can possess higher smoothness, again because being solid, so easy with separating of drawing part after machining, less demanding to what seal, its composition is a kind of or combination in any in polyethylene, polypropylene, polrvinyl chloride, polystyrene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS).
The solid lubricant coating having a layer thickness to be 0.1-1 ��m is all prepared on the surface of the fillet of the lower surface of described upper mould, described locating slot and concave die cavity.
The material of described solid lubricant coating is selected from DLC, TiN or MoS2Middle one or combination in any.
Research according to the friction scale effect of the micro-upsetting process of cylinder sample of Harbin Institute of Technology Gong Feng finds, in solid lubrication situation, coefficient of friction is along with the reduction of specimen size but the little (F.Gong of coefficient of friction change, B.Guo, C.J.Wang, D.B.Shan.SizeeffectonfrictionofC3602incylindercompressio n.TribologyTransactions.2010,53 (2): 244-248). The solid lubricant coating of the present invention can prepare DLC, TiN by the method for Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation and deposition, it is also possible to prepares MoS2 by the method for magnetron sputtering. Solid lubricant coating is high because of its flatness, and stickiness is good, is more beneficial for the lubrication of the drawing process of miniature parts, especially affects little on the shaping of drawing part.
The technique scheme of the present invention has the advantage that compared to existing technology
1, proposing a kind of micro-drawing forming method based on polymeric powder as power transmission medium, owing to need not adopt rigidity punch, therefore the drawing gap not requirement to tradition drawing and forming, greatly reduces die manufacturing cost. Meanwhile, the advantage possessing traditional soft contour forming, it is possible to once drawing goes out big drawing ratio, complex-shaped part, the accessory size shaped is small, surface quality good, and mould is simple, with low cost.
2, to have the yardstick of granule small for polymeric powder, therefore there is good mobility, owing to polymeric powder has significantly high compactness, the inwall making the drawing part produced can possess higher smoothness, clear up also very simple after machining, only polymeric powder need to can be cleaned out on drawing part with ul-trasonic irradiation, and, it is less demanding that drawing process is sealed by polymeric powder.
3, on blank holder lower surface, die upper surface and die entrance, one layer of solid lubricant coating is prepared as lubricant, owing to solid lubricant is affected only small by the scale effect in tribology, so being well suited for the utilization of miniature parts drawing process, efficiently solve the problem that the lubrication of micro-drawing forming is difficult, and the preparation method of solid lubricant coating can make coating surface smooth, part forming impact is little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make present disclosure be more likely to be clearly understood, below according to specific embodiments of the invention and in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation before the drawing operation of micro-drawing part manufacturing process of a kind of big drawing ratio of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the post-job structural representation of drawing of micro-drawing part manufacturing process of a kind of big drawing ratio of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is background technology accompanying drawing.
In figure, accompanying drawing labelling is expressed as: 1-drift; The upper mould of 2-; 3-polymeric powder; 4-blank; 5-cushion block; 6-counterdie; 21-punch packing cavity; 61-concave die cavity; 62-locating slot.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Present invention is mainly used for the shaping shaping full-size at micro-drawing part of below 5mm. Moulding material can be the thin plates such as copper, aluminum, steel, and its thickness is at below 0.2mm. Forming device by drift 1, double as the part such as the upper mould 2 of blank holder, polymeric powder 3, cushion block 5 and counterdie 6 and form, make in upper mould 2 have match with drift punch packing cavity 21, make in counterdie 6 and have concave die cavity 61, cushion block 5 doubles as the purposes of knock-pin and is placed in bottom concave die cavity 61, as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2.Owing to forming blank 4 diameter dimension is small, thus need to processing locating slot 62 on counterdie 6 in advance, its degree of depth is about the half of blank 4, and the junction of locating slot 62 and concave die cavity 61 arranges rounding. When microsecond delay, if adopting fluid lubricant, it is subject to the impact of dimensional effect, it is difficult to play lubrication; If employing solid particulate lubricant, then parts size precision is had a negative impact. Therefore, the present invention prepares a layer thickness on the surface of the lower surface of upper mould 2 and the rounding of the surface of locating slot 62 and concave die cavity 61 and is about the solid lubricant coating of 0.1-1 ��m, this thin film difference according to formation of parts material, it is possible to be DLC, TiN, MoS2In one or combination in any. Polymeric powder 3 adopts high molecular polymer, can be the one in polyethylene, polypropylene, polrvinyl chloride, polystyrene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) or combination in any, its granularity, at 50-500 ��m, selects according to the difference of formation of parts size.
Forming process is as follows: base 4 material is placed in locating slot 62, under the pressure-pad-force effect of upper mould 2 compacted, appropriate polymeric powder 3 is put among the punch packing cavity 21 of upper mould 2, drift 1 is placed in punch packing cavity 21, on polymeric powder 4, drift 1 is descending, blank 4 starts deformation, and the distance descending along with drift 1 is continuously increased, and blank 4 is slowly drawn among concave die cavity 61, until patch mould, namely blank 4 deep-drawing deformation is fitted with cushion block 5 completely, and drift 1 is up, on move mould 2, promote cushion block 5, eject micro-drawing part 7.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly demonstrating example, and is not the restriction to embodiment. For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description. Here without also cannot all of embodiment be given exhaustive. And the apparent change thus extended out or variation are still among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. micro-drawing part manufacturing process of a big drawing ratio, it is characterised in that described method adopts polymeric powder (3), as drawing punch, workpiece is carried out drawing and forming, including:
A, diameter dimension D according to the internal diameter size d of target part and blank (4), making diameter range in upper mould (2) is be more than or equal to d, punch packing cavity (21) less than or equal to d/2+D/2 and the drift (1) that matches with punch packing cavity (21); Profile according to target part makes concave die cavity (61) and the cushion block (5) doubling as push rod matched with concave die cavity (61) in counterdie (6);
B, centered by the axis of concave die cavity (61), make the locating slot (62) matched of the diameter dimension D with blank (4) at the end face of counterdie (6), the degree of depth of described locating slot (62) is less than the thickness of blank (4), produces rounding in the junction of described concave die cavity (61) Yu locating slot (62) end;
C, blank (4) are placed in locating slot (62); Cushion block (5) is placed in the bottom of concave die cavity (61), and after aliging with the dead in line of concave die cavity (61), above mould (2) and counterdie (6) close punch packing cavity (21); The bottom surface of upper mould (2) is close to blank (4) and blank (4) is applied pressure-pad-force; To punch packing cavity (21) filled high polymer powder (3); Drift (1) inserts punch packing cavity (21) and advances to blank direction, and polymeric powder (3) promotes blank (4) to enter concave die cavity (61);When blank (4) deep-drawing deformation until it is fitted with cushion block (5) completely, shape complete.
2. micro-drawing part manufacturing process of big drawing ratio according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described polymeric powder (3) adopts high molecular polymer powder, and its composition is a kind of or combination in any in polyethylene, polypropylene, polrvinyl chloride, polystyrene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS).
3. micro-drawing part manufacturing process of big drawing ratio according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the solid lubricant coating having a layer thickness to be 0.1-1 ��m is all prepared on the surface of the rounding of the lower surface of described upper mould (2), described locating slot (62) and concave die cavity.
4. micro-drawing part manufacturing process of big drawing ratio according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the material of described solid lubricant coating is selected from DLC, TiN or MoS2Middle one or combination in any.
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| CN201410773197.2A CN104624767B (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2014-12-16 | A kind of micro-drawing part manufacturing process of big drawing ratio |
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| CN104624767B true CN104624767B (en) | 2016-06-08 |
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| CN105215192A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-06 | 北京动力机械研究所 | A kind of dark parabola shaped tensioning member single mode building mortion of thin-walled and method |
| CN105855360A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-17 | 深圳大学 | Micropore blanking method |
| CN106067553B (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2019-02-01 | 深圳大学 | Micro- channel polymeric powder manufacturing process |
| CN108246861B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-01-17 | 深圳大学 | Ultrasonic-assisted amorphous alloy blanking forming method |
| WO2021212423A1 (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2021-10-28 | 深圳大学 | Soft punch metal micro member forming force measuring device and measuring method |
| CN113649466B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-08-22 | 深圳大学 | Method for observing ultrasonic action by utilizing micro-forming device for contrast observation of ultrasonic action |
| CN113649465B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-08-22 | 深圳大学 | Method for observing ultrasonic action by utilizing contrast micro-forming device for observing ultrasonic action |
| WO2023004745A1 (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-02-02 | 深圳大学 | Comparative micro-forming apparatus for observing ultrasonic action, and forming method |
| CN114309220B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2023-10-24 | 中国航发哈尔滨东安发动机有限公司 | Heat treatment process method for solving problem of GH4169 large-drawing cold-stamping forming part |
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| JPH07227623A (en) * | 1994-02-18 | 1995-08-29 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Floating type opposed die hydraulic forming device |
| FR2767726B1 (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 1999-11-19 | Peugeot | PRESS FOR FORMING A SHEET OF SHEET |
| CN101306448A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2008-11-19 | 燕山大学 | Sheet metal rigid particles or compressible powder half-module shaping technique |
| CN102581106B (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-10-30 | 深圳大学 | Miniature sheet-metal part drawing method |
| CN103084466B (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2015-04-15 | 深圳大学 | Method of flexible punch head ultrasonic micro deep drawing step-by-step molding and device thereof |
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