CN104602550A - Processing sun-cured tobacco - Google Patents
Processing sun-cured tobacco Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104602550A CN104602550A CN201380044778.6A CN201380044778A CN104602550A CN 104602550 A CN104602550 A CN 104602550A CN 201380044778 A CN201380044778 A CN 201380044778A CN 104602550 A CN104602550 A CN 104602550A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- whole
- plant
- tobacco plant
- oriental
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B1/00—Preparation of tobacco on the plantation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/12—Steaming, curing, or flavouring tobacco
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
A method of processing sun-cured tobacco, comprises harvesting a predetermined amount of whole tobacco plants, and curing the leaves on the whole tobacco plants by exposing them to sunlight, without separating the leaves from the stalk.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of process solarization type tobacco (sun-cured tobacco), especially, relate to a kind of method of gathering in solarization type tobacco.
Background technology
Solarization type tobacco by under being exposed to sunshine (or can for below the solarization structure of transparency cover, or directly pass through sunshine) carry out drying, this processing method is generally used for the tobacco of shining some type of system, especially Oriental tobacco (oriental tobacco).
Oriental tobacco mainly in Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia and Turkey's plantation, but is also planted in Egypt, South Africa and other country.Oriental tobacco is also referred to as Turkish tobacco, and is a kind of tobacco with intense flavors, and its leaf is less than the tobacco of other type, and is the main tobacco that can carry out the system of shining.
The tobacco of other type is not suitable for the system of shining, this is because the system of shining can not provide final tobacco that be applicable to smoking article, that have desirable characteristics.On the contrary, the tobacco of other type is stood to comprise the system of drying in the air (air-curing), smokes the different disposal of (fire-curing) and baking (flue-curing).The system of drying in the air comprises and to be suspended on by tobacco (particularly burley tobaccos) in ventilation storehouse and not to make it be exposed to sunshine, and allows tobacco at the inner drying in period in four to eight weeks, with the tobacco providing nicotine content higher.Smoking to comprise tobacco to be suspended in storehouse does not make it be exposed to sunshine, keeps continuously or lighter the smouldering and allow tobacco to modulate within the period of three days to ten weeks be interrupted in storehouse.Baking comprises and to be suspended on by tobacco in modulation storehouse (described modulation storehouse has the flue extended from the burner hearth of outside feeding), when not making tobacco smoke exposure in smog or sunshine, heat modulation is carried out to tobacco, simultaneously slowly raised temperature in whole modulated process.This processing method spends about one week usually.
Shining the normal harvesting of type tobacco processed and shining in the cycle processed, removing manual from plant for tobacco leaf when plant down on the farm, to leave stem, then tobacco leaf is through on rope, to provide about 200 to 500 tobacco leaves on every meter of rope material.Then, rope is hung up, thus shine tobacco curing leaf.After this tobacco stem material stayed is removed separately.Therefore, harvesting and the process of shining type tobacco processed are very consuming time, and are also a kind of labor-intensive process.
Summary of the invention
It is desirable that, provide a kind of more effective method processing solarization type tobacco.It is also contemplated that, provide a kind of comparatively economic process to shine the method for type tobacco processed.Further, it is expected that, provide a kind of harvesting of improvement to shine the method for type tobacco processed.
Therefore, the present invention relates to harvesting whole tobacco plant for solarization system.This is different from the traditional treatment method for shining type tobacco processed, and in traditional treatment method, smoke material is separated from tobacco stem material handwork.
Gather in whole tobacco plant instead of from plant, remove the duration that tobacco leaf significantly reduces process individually, and there is the benefit reducing the tobacco product loss risk caused due to the adverse weather condition during the harvesting cycle.
In addition, the cost of labor relevant with the harvesting cycle can significantly reduce, this is because compared with the single smoke material of removal, workpeople more easily processes whole harvested tobacco plant.
Especially, compared with the traditional treatment method that each tobacco leaf is stringed together individually, whole tobacco plant be attached or be supported on easier on backing material and expend time in less.
" backing material " refers to such material, and tobacco plant is attached to this material, or tobacco plant is supported on described material, to allow tobacco plant to hang up, makes air to pass and to circulate around tobacco plant.Suitable backing material comprises rope, wire, rod, bar, rod or any similar elongated material (tobacco plant can be attached on it).Typically, by tobacco plant is worn (thread) on backing material or string (string) on backing material, complete above-mentioned attachment.
In addition, whole tobacco plant can manually or mechanically by tobacco stem be attached to backing material or be supported by backing material.These are different from the traditional treatment method stringed together by loose tobacco leaf, and this traditional treatment method is carried out usually by hand.
In addition, owing to not leaving tobacco stem material in vega, so field can be prepared immediately for further tobacco planting after harvesting.
Gather in whole tobacco plant also for the treatment step following this harvesting method provides advantage.Such as, in the solarization process of whole Oriental tobacco plant, air and sunshine are more uniformly delivered on tobacco leaf.Therefore, shine system process consume the shorter time and reduce the property difference (such as moisture) between the different tobacco leaves of not wishing appearance.
In addition, the present invention relates to a kind of method processing solarization type tobacco, described method comprises: whole tobacco plant of harvesting predetermined quantity, is supported on whole tobacco plant on backing material and on whole plant and shines tobacco curing leaf.
Gather in whole tobacco plant to refer to and do not have stem or leaf to be stayed Tanaka wittingly, namely gather in whole the plant with all leaves.Thus, leaf remains connected on handle, and handle remains connected on stem.
Preferably, on every meter of backing material, attachment is had an appointment the tobacco plant of 20 to 50 whole.
Backing material be usually attached to or be supported on comprise vertical rack (such as pillar or wall) framework on, backing material to be remained on certain altitude above the ground, at described height, whole tobacco plant can not kiss the earth when being attached to or be supported on backing material.This allows air freely to circulate around every plant, and this is extremely important for being avoided lack of uniformity that the solarization processing procedure degree of some tobacco leaf is higher than other tobacco leaf.
Here, backing material is called as " shining structure processed " together with framework.
Tobacco plant is attached preferably by the stem end of plant, and make when backing material is installed in solarization structure processed, plant is inverted, makes leaf than stem end closer to ground.
Preferably, backing material is provided with separator between whole tobacco plant, to keep predetermined distance between each plant.Which improve the solarization system to tobacco leaf, because air can to circulate plant through plant more easily.Preferably, shine structure processed and be set directly in vega or contiguous vega, tobacco plant is gathered in described vega.
Whole tobacco plant is preferably by stringing together by hand or by machinery string control equipment, and this contributes to preparing to shine making process.
In order to shine tobacco curing leaf, preferably, shining structure processed is that air can be through, makes air can flow through the plant of suspension in an uniform manner.Preferably, shine structure processed and covered by transparency cover, drop on by whole tobacco plant supporting to avoid rainwater.
After solarization system and before in bundle (bailing), whole tobacco plant is preferably stored in be had in the structure closed or cover of open side.In order to transport, shine whole the tobacco plant made and in bundled, wherein, every a bundle can comprise some layers whole tobacco plant.Preferably, one deck comprises towards some of first direction whole tobacco plants, below or another layer above in the opposite direction.Stack whole tobacco plant by layering by this way, in bundling can be more stable.
After solarization system, whole tobacco plant is preferably sent to leaf processing plant.As a rule, in this further processing procedure, whole tobacco plant carries out disleave in disleaving machine, to be separated in the tobacco stem shining the smoke material made and tobacco plant and stem butt material.By carrying out disleave to whole tobacco plant, not only the stem of leaf from plant can be separated, and handle material can be separated from leaf material.This makes it possible to provide very thin high-quality smoke material.Then, isolated stem material and handle material can be used in expanded tobacco material.Expanding tobacco can be prepared according to processing method well-known to those skilled in the art.
In order to avoid the Oriental tobacco plant after disleave becomes too dry (this can make it be not suitable for being used in many tobacco products), preferably, in leaf processing plant, before carrying out disleave, regulate shining the tobacco plant made, to improve their moisture.As a result, the tobacco-containing material processed will be provided for the better structure of smoking article.The moisture of whole Oriental tobacco plant preferably brings up at least 12% Oven Volatiles (o.v.) in adjustment process.
The adjustment of whole tobacco plant realizes preferably by using the mixture of steam, water or steam and water.Steam, water or their mixture can be arranged on required temperature, to realize the preferred wettability of tobacco plant.
After adjustment, preferably dry smoke material in drying process.During drying, the moisture of smoke material is reduced to the degree of pipe tobacco (cut filler) material being suitable for being configured for cigarette.In addition, the goods that can store the longer time are this provided.
In order to drying regulate after tobacco leaf, the smoke material after separation preferably heats, with dry smoke material in the thermal air current of temperature between 150 DEG C to 400 DEG C.In order to make tobacco material, dried tobacco leaf is preferably by the width cut into further between 0.3mm to 1.3mm.
Then carry out disleave to be separated in the alternate process of leaf, stem and handle at whole tobacco plant of in bundling, shine the tobacco leaf made directly can be separated from whole the tobacco plant stringed together after the process of solarization system.In this process, shine the tobacco leaf made and preferably manually remove from the handle of tobacco plant, whole tobacco plant is still suspended on and shines in structure processed simultaneously.As a result, by shine the tobacco leaf make from handle separately after, handle material will remain on to shine in structure processed prepares against further process, as described above.The removal of tobacco leaf realizes preferably by with cutter excision.The moisture of tobacco leaf is reduced, so this makes the removal of tobacco leaf easier than manually being removed from tobacco stem by tobacco leaf in vega owing to shining system process.In addition, get on except tobacco leaf makes workman to operate on one's feet from the tobacco plant hung up, and traditional tobacco leaf remove plant still in the ground in carry out and require that workman on bended knees or bend over.This makes harvester more effectively to work.
Afterwards, can regulate isolated tobacco leaf according to processing method mentioned above, cut and drying.
Detailed description of the invention
A preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.Fig. 1 shows the method according to process tobacco that is of the present invention, that comprise treatment step 1 to 8.
According to step 1, in vega, gather in whole Oriental tobacco plant.
Then, in step 2, whole tobacco plant string of predetermined quantity is being restricted on material (such as line).
Next, during treatment step 3, whole the tobacco plant wearing bunchiness is supported on framework and shines structure processed to be formed, and places transparent over cap in solarization structure processed.Then, within the time of about ten to two ten days, under plant is exposed on sunshine.
Then, in step 4, shine whole the Oriental tobacco plant of making to be in bundled, for transport.
After this, in steps of 5, by using steam, water or their mixture to regulate whole tobacco plant, reaching predetermined degree of wetting with in Tobacco plant material in the Orient, thus the regulating plant higher than 18%O.V. (Oven Volatiles) is provided.
Once reach required moisture, whole tobacco plant is ready to carry out disleave in treatment step 6.During disleave process, disleave is carried out to whole tobacco plant, to be separated from stem with handle material by smoke material by the disleaving machine of standard.
Once after the smoke material of whole Oriental tobacco plant is separated with stem butt material with tobacco stem, smoke material stands further dry process in step 7.In this step, by the dry smoke material of thermal air current, to reach predetermined enough low degree of wetting to allow more easily to carry out cutting and storing.This is usually less than 12%O.V..
Once after east smoke material reaches predetermined degree of wetting by dry process, cut smoke material in step 8.Tobacco leaf is the cut width into about 0.8 to 0.9mm usually, in order to using in smoking article (such as cigarette).
Claims (9)
1. process the method that type tobacco processed is shone in east, described method comprises:
Whole Oriental tobacco plant of harvesting predetermined quantity, and
Under whole Oriental tobacco plant being exposed to sunshine when not being separated from tobacco stem by tobacco leaf, the tobacco leaf on whole Oriental tobacco plant carry out solarization system.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, described whole Oriental tobacco plant is attached to or is supported on backing material.
3. method according to claim 2, wherein, described backing material is rope, wire, rod, bar, rod or similar elongated material, and described whole Oriental tobacco plant can be attached on described elongated material.
4. according to the method in claim 2 or 3, wherein, the tobacco stem end of described whole Oriental tobacco plant whole Oriental tobacco plant or the tobacco stem end by whole Oriental tobacco plant are attached to described backing material, and described whole Oriental tobacco plant is upside down suspended on described backing material.
5. the method according to any one in claim 2 to 4, wherein, described backing material is provided with separator between whole Oriental tobacco plant.
6. the method according to any one in claim 2 to 5, wherein, still be attached to backing material or while being supported by described backing material whole Oriental tobacco plant, the tobacco leaf shining whole the Oriental tobacco plant of making is removed by the remainder from whole Oriental tobacco plant.
7. the method according to any one in the claims, wherein, whole the Oriental tobacco plant storage that solarization was made is below lid, and described lid leads to air.
8. the method according to any one in the claims, wherein, shines whole the Oriental tobacco plant of making and in tobacco leaf processing plant, carries out disleave, to be separated from tobacco stem material by tobacco leaf.
9. the method according to any one in the claims, wherein, the tobacco leaf of described whole Oriental tobacco plant by the width cut into further between 0.3 to 1.3mm, to be produced on the cutting tobacco leaf used in smoking article.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12006123.9 | 2012-08-29 | ||
| EP12006123 | 2012-08-29 | ||
| PCT/EP2013/002531 WO2014032784A1 (en) | 2012-08-29 | 2013-08-22 | Processing sun-cured tobacco |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104602550A true CN104602550A (en) | 2015-05-06 |
Family
ID=46826198
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380044778.6A Pending CN104602550A (en) | 2012-08-29 | 2013-08-22 | Processing sun-cured tobacco |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20150208718A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2892369A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104602550A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112015004269A2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014032784A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104082844B (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-11-23 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司湄潭县分公司 | The method of baking tobacco leaves |
| CN104305508B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-08-17 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | The exempting from of a kind of Turkish tobaccos wears modulator approach |
| CN104397864B (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-09-28 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | The processing method of Turkish tobaccos Nicotiana tabacum L. |
| DE102015113289A1 (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2017-02-16 | Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh | Method for providing at least one tobacco rod of a tobacco mixture and device of the tobacco processing industry |
| DE102015113292A1 (en) | 2015-08-12 | 2017-02-16 | Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh | Method of providing small pieces of tobacco and setting up the tobacco processing industry |
| CN106509962B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-03-16 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of Sun cured tobacco tobacco leaf seals yellow technique and modulation processing method |
| CN108523196B (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2020-11-17 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for sun-curing tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco variety |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3866334A (en) * | 1973-09-26 | 1975-02-18 | Barney K Huang | Greenhouse-bulk curing and drying system |
| US4282888A (en) * | 1978-12-22 | 1981-08-11 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Apparatus for stripping leaves from a stalk cured tobacco plant |
| US4790334A (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1988-12-13 | The University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Portable curing frame |
| US4920090A (en) * | 1987-05-15 | 1990-04-24 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process for the formation of shaped agglomerates from particulate solids |
| US6568401B1 (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2003-05-27 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Process for providing cut filler for cigarettes |
| CN1631275A (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-06-29 | 武汉烟草(集团)有限公司 | Sheeting method for suncuring tobacco |
| WO2007033455A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-03-29 | Souza Cruz S.A. | A method and a kiln for curing and drying tobacco plants |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4920990A (en) * | 1988-11-23 | 1990-05-01 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette |
-
2013
- 2013-08-22 BR BR112015004269A patent/BR112015004269A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-08-22 US US14/423,517 patent/US20150208718A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-08-22 WO PCT/EP2013/002531 patent/WO2014032784A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-08-22 EP EP13755964.7A patent/EP2892369A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-08-22 CN CN201380044778.6A patent/CN104602550A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3866334A (en) * | 1973-09-26 | 1975-02-18 | Barney K Huang | Greenhouse-bulk curing and drying system |
| US4282888A (en) * | 1978-12-22 | 1981-08-11 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Apparatus for stripping leaves from a stalk cured tobacco plant |
| US4790334A (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1988-12-13 | The University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Portable curing frame |
| US4920090A (en) * | 1987-05-15 | 1990-04-24 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process for the formation of shaped agglomerates from particulate solids |
| US6568401B1 (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2003-05-27 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Process for providing cut filler for cigarettes |
| CN1631275A (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-06-29 | 武汉烟草(集团)有限公司 | Sheeting method for suncuring tobacco |
| WO2007033455A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-03-29 | Souza Cruz S.A. | A method and a kiln for curing and drying tobacco plants |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| WIGHTMAN: "The production of Tobacco", 《THE PRODUCTION OF TOBACCO》 * |
| 匿名: "A Review of Air-Curing:Report No.1879", 《BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCO》 * |
| 匿名: "Indian Tobacco", 《CENTRAL TOBACCO RESEARCH》 * |
| 尹永强: "晒红烟在晒制过程中的生理生化变化及采收方式研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 农业科技辑》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2014032784A1 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
| US20150208718A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
| BR112015004269A2 (en) | 2017-07-04 |
| EP2892369A1 (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20150506 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |