CN104600987A - 电源装置 - Google Patents

电源装置 Download PDF

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CN104600987A
CN104600987A CN201410390765.0A CN201410390765A CN104600987A CN 104600987 A CN104600987 A CN 104600987A CN 201410390765 A CN201410390765 A CN 201410390765A CN 104600987 A CN104600987 A CN 104600987A
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main circuit
circuit portion
buffer condenser
circuit part
load
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金在国
金正恩
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Samsung Electro Mechanics Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H02M3/1586—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本文公开了电源装置。电源装置包括：主电路部，为缓冲电容器进行初始充电并在轻负载下将电力提供至负载；以及从电路部，与主电路部具有公共的输出端子并在重负载下通过在主电路部和从电路部之间分配负载与主电路部一起将电力提供至负载，其中，主电路部和从电路部中在各自的变压器的次级侧处分别具有可充电和放电的缓冲电容器。通过这样做，能够减少轻负载下的系统中的功率损耗并且能够提高效率。

Description

电源装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2013年10月31日提交的题为“Power Supply Apparatus”的韩国专利申请序列号10-2013-0131196的外国优先权权益，在此通过引用将其全部内容并入本申请中。
背景技术
本发明涉及一种为个人电脑等的服务器供给电力的电源装置，并且更具体地，涉及一种能够在轻负载下减少功率损耗并提高效率的电源装置。
技术领域
随着能耗变为社会问题，能量转换效率受到更多关注。特别地，对于服务器电力来说能量效率尤为重要，因此这是衡量服务器电力技术的水平的一个因素并且是主导服务器市场的重要因素。例如，在CSCI-钛的情况下，对于10％-20％-50％-100％的负载，需要90％-94％-96％-91％的高效率。尤其，由于轻负载下和超轻负载下的效率变得重要，容易需要针对10％以下的非常低负载的高效率。顺便提及，服务器电源通常具有冗余结构，其中几个服务器电源被连接至一个负载以应对各种故障。在这种情况下，低负载下的效率可通过在负载变小时执行仅操作主电路部的冷冗余控制的方式来提高。然而，在这种控制方式中，效率是受限的并且在非常低的负载下难以提高效率。
图1是根据现有技术的电源装置的相移全桥(PSFB)转换器的电路图。
图1中所示的电路被广泛使用的原因是：其在初级侧开关具有较小的电压应力和零电压开关并且具有能够降低由于大负载电流导致的传导损耗的输出电感器101。然而，由于轻负载和超轻负载下硬开关(hardswitching)而效率低并且在很多元件中产生功率损耗。
图2是使用图1的PSFB转换器电路的冗余系统的示图。
图2所示的系统包括主电路部210和N个从电路部220，以便在重负载下驱动主电路部210和从电路部220以在它们之中分配负载，然而在轻负载下仅驱动主电路部210，从而提高总效率(冷冗余控制，cold redundantcontrol)。然而在该系统中，在轻负载下获得对应一个PSFB的效率，并且由于硬开关、变压器的铁心损耗、以及整个系统产生的传导损耗而导致效率低。
[现有技术文献]
[专利文献]
(专利文献1)韩国专利特开公开第10-2005-0092371号
(专利文献2)日本专利特开公开第2012-175885号
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供这样一种电源装置，通过在主电路部和从电路部的各自的次级侧设置缓冲电容器(snubber capacitor)从而在轻负载下提供缓冲电容器中的充入的能量的方式提高在轻负载下的效率并且降低系统中功率损耗。
根据本发明的示例性实施方式，提供一种电源装置，包括：主电路部，最初向缓冲电容器充电并在轻负载下为负载提供电力；以及从电路部，与主电路部具有公共输出端子并在重负载下通过在主电路部与从电路部之间分配负载，连同主电路部一起将电力提供至负载，其中，主电路部和从电路部各自在变压器的次级侧具有可充电和放电的缓冲电容器。
主电路部的变压器的次级侧的缓冲电容器可通过内部总线连接到从电路部的变压器的次级侧的缓冲电容器。
串联连接的两个半导体开关元件之间的公共连接节点可连接到主电路部的变压器的次级侧的缓冲电容器的一个端子。
串联连接的两个半导体开关元件之间的公共连接节点可连接到从电路部的变压器的次级侧的缓冲电容器的一个端子。
轻负载下，主电路部可以这样的方式操作，即，仅对于主电路部的变压器的主电路部的次级侧电路根据来自外部控制单元的控制命令操作，因此使用在次级侧电路处的缓冲电容器中充入的能量通过交错降压转换器的操作将电力提供至负载。
如果主电路部的缓冲电容器的电压电平低于实际上放电的预定电压电平，那么从电路部可根据来自外部控制单元的控制命令来驱动，因此，通过交错升压转换器(interleaved boost converter)的操作提供电力用于为主电路部的缓冲电容器充电。
附图说明
图1是用于根据现有技术的电源装置的相移全桥(PSFB)转换器的示图；
图2是使用图1的PSFB转换器电路的冗余系统的示图；
图3是据本发明的示例性实施方式的电源装置的电路图；
图4是在轻负载下操作的根据本发明示例性实施方式的电源装置的电路图；以及
图5是使用从电路部为主电路部的次级侧的缓冲电容器充电来操作的电源装置的电路图。
具体实施方式
在本说明书和权利要求中使用的术语和措辞不应解释为通常或者词典的含义，而是基于发明人为了以最佳方式描述他们自己的发明而可以适当定义术语的概念的原则被解释为符合本发明的技术构思的含义和概念。
贯穿本说明书，除非另有明确说明，否则，“包括”任何组件将理解为旨在包括其他元件而不是排除任何其他元件。在本说明书中使用的术语“部分”、“模块”、“设备”等意指处理至少一个功能或操作的单元，并且可通过硬件或软件或者硬件和软件的组合来实施。
在下文中，本发明的示例性实施方式将参照附图被详细描述。
图3是根据本发明的示例性实施方式的电源装置的电路图。
参照图3，根据示例性实施方式的电源装置包括主电路部310和从电路部320。
主电路部310为变压器311的次级侧的缓冲电容器CA进行初始充电并在轻负载下将电力提供至负载。
从电路部320与主电路部310具有公共输出端子，并且当负载为重负载时通过在主电路部和从电路部之间分配负载来与主电路部310一起将电力提供至负载。
根据本发明示例性实施方式，可充电和放电的缓冲电容器CA设置在主电路部310的变压器311和从电路部320的变压器321的各自的次级侧NS处。
如所示，设置在主电路部310的变压器311和从电路部320的变压器321的各自的次级侧NS处的缓冲电容器CA可通过内部总线VA_BUS彼此连接。
此外，串联连接的两个半导体开关元件QA1和QA2之间的公共连接节点N1可连接至设置于主电路部310的变压器311的次级侧NS处的缓冲电容器CA的一个端子。
同样地，串联连接的两个半导体开关元件QA1和QA2之间的公共连接节点N2可连接至设置于从电路部320的变压器321的次级侧NS处的缓冲电容器CA的一个端子。
此外，在轻负载下，对于主电路部310的变压器311，仅主电路部310的次级侧电路根据来自外部控制单元(未示出)的控制命令操作，因此使用在该次级侧电路处设置的缓冲电容器CA中充入的能量通过交错降压转换器的操作将电力提供至负载。
此外，如果主电路部310的缓冲电容器CA的电压电平低于实际上放电的预定电压电平，那么从电路部320可根据来自外部控制单元(未示出)的控制命令被驱动，因此，通过交错升压转换器的操作提供电力用于为主电路部310的缓冲电容器CA充电。
在下文中，将描述根据示例性实施方式配置的电源装置的操作。
图4是在轻负载下操作的根据本发明示例性实施方式的电源装置的电路图。
参考图4，在根据示例性实施方式的电源装置中，在轻负载下，在分别对应主电路部310的变压器311的初级绕组Np和次级绕组Ns的初级侧电路和次级侧电路之间，仅次级侧电路进行操作。即，使用设置在主电路部310的变压器311的次级侧的电容器CA中充入的能量通过交错降压转换器的操作将电力提供至负载。通过这样做，可以明显减少在现有技术中产生的初级侧与变压器中元件的功率损耗，并且大大提高了轻负载下的效率，这是因为开关QA1和QA2可以是零电压开关(ZVS)。
顺便说一下，主电路部310的次级侧处的缓冲电容器CA需要根据放电电压的电平充电至适当的电压电平。图5是使用从电路部320为主电路部310的次级侧处的缓冲电容器充电进行操作的电源装置的电路图。如图5所示，如果主电路部310的次级侧处的电容器CA的电压电平低于预定电平，那么驱动从电路部320以便按照交错升压转换器的操作为主电路部310的次级侧处的缓冲电容器CA的电压充电。如上所述，根据本发明的电源装置使用其中的从电路部进行充电而不需引入额外装置或电路，从而有效地进行充电。
如上所述，根据本发明的电源装置具有在主电路部和从电路部各自中可充电和放电的缓冲电容器，使用缓冲电容器在主电路部和从电路部中并联连接的模块之间产生总线电压，以及在轻负载下仅使用交错降压转换器的操作驱动次级侧电路，从而提高轻负载下的系统效率。
如上所述，根据本发明的示例性实施方式，通过在主电路部和从电路部中设置能够充电和放电的缓冲电容器以在轻负载下使用缓冲电容器中充入的能量提供电力的方式能够减少系统中的功率损耗并且能够提高轻负载下的效率。
尽管出于说明性的目的，已经公开了本发明的示例性实施方式，但是本发明并不限于此，本领域的技术人员将认识到，在不偏离所附权利要求中公开的本发明的范围和精神的前提下，各种修改、添加和替换是可行的。因此，本发明将要保护的真实范围应当仅由所附权利要求来限定，并且对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是与本发明等同的技术构思均在本发明的范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种电源装置，包括：
主电路部，对缓冲电容器进行初始充电并在轻负载下将电力提供至负载；以及
从电路部，与所述主电路部具有公共的输出端子，并且当所述负载为重负载时，通过在所述主电路部和所述从电路部之间分配所述负载与所述主电路部一起将电力提供至所述负载，
其中，所述主电路部和所述从电路部在各自的变压器的次级侧具有能够充电和放电的所述缓冲电容器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电源装置，其中，所述主电路部的所述变压器的所述次级侧的所述缓冲电容器通过内部总线连接至所述从电路部的所述变压器的所述次级侧的所述缓冲电容器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电源装置，其中，串联连接的两个半导体开关元件之间的公共连接节点连接至所述主电路部的所述变压器的所述次级侧的所述缓冲电容器的一个端子。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电源装置，其中，串联连接的两个半导体开关元件之间的公共连接节点连接至所述从电路部的所述变压器的所述次级侧的所述缓冲电容器的一个端子。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电源装置，其中，在轻负载下，所述主电路部以对于所述主电路部的所述变压器仅所述主电路部的所述次级侧电路根据来自外部控制单元的控制命令来操作的方式进行操作，从而使用在所述次级侧电路处的所述缓冲电容器中充入的能量按照交错降压转换器的操作将电力提供至所述负载。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电源装置，其中，如果所述主电路部的所述缓冲电容器的电压电平低于实际上放电的预定电压电平，那么所述从电路部根据来自外部控制单元的控制命令被驱动，使得按照交错升压转换器的操作提供电力用于对所述主电路部的所述缓冲电容器充电。
CN201410390765.0A 2013-10-31 2014-08-08 电源装置 Pending CN104600987A (zh)

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