CN104597479A - Neutron position detection device - Google Patents
Neutron position detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104597479A CN104597479A CN201410840477.0A CN201410840477A CN104597479A CN 104597479 A CN104597479 A CN 104597479A CN 201410840477 A CN201410840477 A CN 201410840477A CN 104597479 A CN104597479 A CN 104597479A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a neutron position detection device which includes a neutron scintillation screen, wavelength conversion optical fibers, a photovoltaic converter, a data collection system and a position judgment and image display system. The neutron scintillation screen absorbs incident neutrons and emits blue light with 245nm peak wavelength, wherein the blue light is absorbed by the wavelength conversion optical fibers and converted to green light with 492nm peak wavelength and capable of being absorbed by the photovoltaic converter, and the green light is transmitted to the photovoltaic converter. The photovoltaic converter receives light signals sent by the wavelength conversion optical fibers and converts the light signals to electric signals which are transmitted to the data collection system. Thus the incident positions of neutrons can be determined and images of neutron position distribution can be generated and displayed. The neutron position detection device is sensitive in measurement, small in size, light in weight and low in price; does not need to work under high voltage so the design difficulty is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to position sensing technology, be specifically related to a kind of neutron positional detecting device.
Background technology
Being obtained the information of hydrogen atom by neutron spectrometer system, thus on atom and molecular scale, study structure and the microscopic motion rule of material, is widely used technological means in the multidisciplinary fields such as Condensed Matter Physics, chemistry, life science, material science.Neutron position sensitive detector is the key components of neutron spectrometer system.Generally adopt at present based on
3the neutron position sensitive sniffer scale of He gas detector is huger, R&D costs are higher, and along with
3the minimizing of He amount of gas, it applies the restriction being subject to starting material and cost aspect further.Therefore, need research and development new neutron position sensitive detection method and device badly, with substitute based on
3the detection mechanism of He gas detector.
In recent years, just mainly comprise based on painting at the new neutron position sensitive detector of active research in the world
10the GEM gas detector of B, based semiconductor neutron detector array, based on containing
10b or
6the types such as the scintillator of Li.Neutron position sensitive detector based on scintillator, compared with the neutron position sensitive detector based on gas detector, has higher detection efficiency, can realize more compact structure design, reduce scale and the cost of detector; Compared with the neutron position sensitive detector of based semiconductor array, then there is lower gamma-rays sensitivity, and can still keep more stable performance after the match in strong neutron irradiation.
At present, the mode combined mainly through neutron scintillator screen and CCD camera or wavelength convert optical fiber (Wavelength Shifting Fiber, WLSF) based on the neutron position sensitive detection of scintillator realizes.Wherein, can realize larger detection area at a lower cost based on neutron scintillator screen and the detection mechanism of WLSF, the adjustment for position resolution is also more flexible.
To utilize with the neutron position sensitive detector of WLSF based on neutron scintillator screen and contain
10b or
6the neutron transition material of Li etc. and ZnS (Ag) scintillator are mixed and made into neutron scintillator and shield, and utilize WLSF to be converted to the blinking light that neutron and scintillation screen effect produce easily by the wave band that light-detecting device responds, and then received by light-detecting device and be converted into the electric signal that can measure and record.Generally adopt at present photomultiplier as light-detecting device, its cost is higher, and volume and weight is comparatively large, for the detection area that Design and implementation is larger, and reduces the factor that the scale of detector and cost are restrictions.
Summary of the invention
For the defect existed in prior art, the invention provides a kind of neutron positional detecting device, size is little, lightweight, structure is simple, there is higher detection sensitivity; Without the need to working under high voltages, reduce the difficulty of design.
For reaching above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: provide a kind of neutron positional detecting device, and this device comprises neutron scintillator screen, wavelength convert optical fiber, electrooptical device, data acquisition system (DAS), location determination and image display system, wherein:
Described neutron scintillator screen, for absorbing neutron ray, and sends the passage of scintillation light of certain wavelength;
Described wavelength convert optical fiber, for receiving the passage of scintillation light that scintillation screen sends, and converting this passage of scintillation light the wavelength of the response device that is easily photoelectrically converted to, being transferred to electrooptical device;
Described electrooptical device, for receiving the passage of scintillation light that wavelength convert optical fiber sends, and is converted into the electric signal that can measure and record and flows to data acquisition system (DAS) by this blinking light;
Described data acquisition system (DAS), for receiving the electric signal of electrooptical device transmission, and being undertaken amplifying and processing by this electric signal, being then converted into digital data transmission to location determination and image display system;
Described location determination and image display system, for receiving the digital signal of data acquisition system (DAS) transmission, and according to the position of this digital signal determination neutron, generate and the distributed image of display neutron position.
Further, described electrooptical device adopts silicon photomultiplier.
Further, described neutron scintillator screen adopts
10b or
6li and ZnS (Ag) scintillator is mixed.
Further, the employing two pieces of described neutron scintillator screen, and two pieces of described neutron scintillator shield parallel placement.
Further, be provided with multiple wavelength convert optical fiber between two pieces of described neutron scintillator screens, multiple wavelength convert optical fiber is arranged in parallel along two orthogonal directions respectively.
Further, described in every root, the two ends of wavelength convert optical fiber are all connected with silicon photomultiplier array, and wherein, every root or every end of adjacent several light wavelength conversion fibre are connected with a sensing unit of silicon photomultiplier.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention is: adopt silicon photomultiplier array to substitute conventional photomultiplier as electrooptical device, its size is less, weight is lighter, price is only 1/tens of position sensitive photo-multiplier tube, and do not need to work under high voltages, effectively reduce the volume of detector, weight, design complexities and cost; At aspect of performance, silicon photomultiplier can reach the photocurrent gain suitable with photomultiplier, and the wavelength (492nm) of the peak value of its spectral response curve and the luminescence of wavelength convert optical fiber is more close, corresponding detection efficiency can reach 20%, and photomultiplier is about 15% at the photo-quantum efficiency at this wavelength place.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of neutron positional detecting device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of neutron positional detecting device of the present invention.
In figure:
1-neutron scintillator screen 2-wavelength convert optical fiber 3-electrooptical device unit
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, be neutron position sensitive sniffer of the present invention, this sniffer comprise ZnS (Ag)/
10b neutron scintillator screen, wavelength convert optical fiber, electrooptical device, data acquisition system (DAS) (DAQ), location determination and image display system.Wherein, neutron incide ZnS (Ag)/
10on B neutron scintillator screen, with
10b occurs
10b (n, α)
7li reacts, and produces
7li and α particle.Above-mentioned secondary charged particle and the effect of ZnS (Ag) scintillator, send the blue-fluorescence that peak wavelength is 450nm.This blue-fluorescence is absorbed by wavelength convert optical fiber, being converted into peak wavelength is 492nm, the green glow that the device that is easily photoelectrically converted receives, and transfer to the corresponding units of electrooptical device array, electrooptical device receives the green glow sent by wavelength convert optical fiber, and outputting analog signal, this simulating signal carries out amplifying and processing through data acquisition system (DAS), thus be converted to digital data transmission to computing machine, neutron location determination and image display is carried out again by the neutron location determination of computing machine and image display system, determine the incoming position of neutron, and generate and show the image of neutron position distribution.
Wherein, electrooptical device adopts silicon photomultiplier (SiPM, SiliconPhotomultiplier) array as electrooptical device.Compare position sensitive photo-multiplier tube, the size of silicon photomultiplier array is little, lightweight, structure is simple, price is only the former 1/tens, and does not need to work under high voltages, reduces the difficulty of design.At aspect of performance, silicon photomultiplier array can reach the photocurrent gain suitable with photomultiplier, and the wavelength (492nm) of the peak value of its spectral response curve and the luminescence of wavelength convert optical fiber is more close, corresponding detection efficiency can reach 20%, and photomultiplier is about 15% at the photo-quantum efficiency at this wavelength place.Therefore, use silicon photomultiplier array to substitute photomultiplier, while maintenance detection efficiency, effectively reduce the volume of detector, weight, design complexities and cost.
As shown in Figure 2, this sniffer adopt the ZnS (Ag) of 2 pieces of parallel placements/
10b neutron scintillator screen 1, is provided with many wavelength convert optical fiber 2 between 2 pieces of neutron scintillator screen 1, and many wavelength convert optical fiber 2 is arranged in parallel respectively along two orthogonal directions and X, Y-direction.The two ends of every root wavelength convert optical fiber 2 are all connected with silicon photomultiplier array, the end of every root or every adjacent several light wavelength conversion fibre 2 accesses 1 electrooptical device unit 3, the connected mode of wavelength convert optical fiber of the present invention, be not limited to above-mentioned connected mode, can determine according to the real needs measuring area, collection efficiency etc.
Sputtering ZnS (Ag)/
10b neutron scintillator screen adopts a certain proportion of ZnS (Ag) and H
3 10bO
3be mixed.Neutron scintillator screen sensitive area is of a size of 80mm × 80mm, and the thickness of forward and backward two pieces of neutron scintillator screen is respectively 400 μm and 200 μm.
X-direction (i.e. horizontal direction), Y-direction (being vertical direction) respectively adopt 32 wavelength convert optical fiber, and arrangement pitch is 1.5mm.The cross sectional shape of wavelength convert optical fiber is circular, and diameter is 1mm, and length is 1m.The end face of wavelength convert optical fiber is connected with electrooptical device array by custom-designed joint.
Adopt the electrooptical device unit of 24 × 4 arrays, the sensitive area of its each electrooptical device unit is 3mm × 3mm.
The 32 tunnel simulating signals that electrooptical device exports by data acquisition system (DAS) carry out amplification and noise is screened, and are converted into digital signal; Again by parallel data acquisition card, by each railway digital Signal transmissions to computing machine.
May be absorbed by many wavelength convert optical fiber on same direction because neutron scintillator shields the fluorescence sent, adopt method for mode matching to carry out the judgement of neutron position.As shown in the table, for X-direction, if (locus of corresponding wavelength convert optical fiber is designated as x to adjacent 4 road wavelength convert fiber-optic signals respectively
n, x
n+1, x
n+2, x
n+3, every road comprises 2 adjacent wavelength convert optical fiber) output situation with table in arbitrary pattern consistent time, judge that neutron incoming position is as x
n+1place.If the match condition of many group different modes appears in each road wavelength convert fiber-optic signal of X-direction, then the principle reduced in turn according to A, B, C, D quasi-mode priority is selected.
According to the positional information of a large amount of neutrons detected, obtain the position distribution of neutron, and show with image format.
The present invention has built neutron position resolution experiments of measuring system, utilizes the performance of reactor thermal source to neutron positional detecting device to test.
Sniffer is placed on exit, neutron duct, measures the counting rate of sniffer.Utilize ambient neutron dose equivalent meter to measure the Neutron Dose Equivalent Rate of this position, be combined with the counting rate of sniffer, obtain the detection efficiency of sniffer.During test, sniffer is positioned over the side of neutron duct outlet, sniffer distance duct export center 2m, becomes 30 ° of angles with duct axis direction, to reduce neutron fluence rate, prevents the too high electronic system that causes of counting rate can not effective resoluting signal.According to measurement result, the detection efficiency of this device can reach 18.2%.
At 4 layer thicknesses be 1mm cadmium metal sheet on open single hole or porous, and place it in detector front, with the neutron position resolution of test probes device.Because cadmium metal sheet has neutron absorption capability, the position of being blocked by cadmium metal sheet and position of opening can form neutron fluence rate difference, be reflected on the neutron position distribution image of sniffer acquisition, the image-region corresponding with position of opening can present higher brightness.
When the slot of 1 4mm × 8mm is opened in cadmium metal sheet centre position, the centre position of sniffer acquisition image demonstrates the high-brightness region (position resolution of detector is 5mm) of a 5mm × 10mm.
Cadmium metal sheet is opened multiple 2mm circular hole, and when forming 1 " work " word figure, the relevant position that sniffer obtains image is also shown as high brightness point, forms " work " word figure.
Above-mentioned test result shows, the neutron positional detecting device utilizing electrooptical device SiPM to substitute photomultiplier can effectively realize measuring the position sensitive of neutron.
Neutron positional detecting device of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and those skilled in the art's technical scheme according to the present invention draws and other embodiment belongs to technological innovation scope of the present invention equally.
Claims (6)
1. a neutron positional detecting device, is characterized in that: this device comprises neutron scintillator screen, wavelength convert optical fiber, electrooptical device, data acquisition system (DAS), location determination and image display system, wherein:
Described neutron scintillator screen, for absorbing neutron ray, and sends the passage of scintillation light of certain wavelength;
Described wavelength convert optical fiber, for receiving the passage of scintillation light that scintillation screen sends, and converting this passage of scintillation light the wavelength of the response device that is easily photoelectrically converted to, being transferred to electrooptical device;
Described electrooptical device, for receiving the passage of scintillation light that wavelength convert optical fiber sends, and is converted into the electric signal that can measure and record and flows to data acquisition system (DAS) by this blinking light;
Described data acquisition system (DAS), for receiving the electric signal of electrooptical device transmission, and being undertaken amplifying and processing by this electric signal, being then converted into digital data transmission to location determination and image display system;
Described location determination and image display system, for receiving the digital signal of data acquisition system (DAS) transmission, and according to the position of this digital signal determination neutron, generate and the distributed image of display neutron position.
2. neutron positional detecting device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described electrooptical device adopts silicon photomultiplier.
3. neutron positional detecting device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described neutron scintillator screen adopts
10b or
6li and ZnS (Ag) scintillator is mixed.
4. neutron positional detecting device as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the employing two pieces of described neutron scintillator screen, and two pieces of described neutron scintillator shield parallel placement.
5. neutron positional detecting device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: be provided with multiple wavelength convert optical fiber between two pieces of described neutron scintillator screens, multiple wavelength convert optical fiber is arranged in parallel along two orthogonal directions respectively.
6. neutron positional detecting device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described in every root, the two ends of wavelength convert optical fiber are all connected with silicon photomultiplier array, wherein, every root or every end of adjacent several light wavelength conversion fibre are connected with a sensing unit of silicon photomultiplier.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN106772548A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-05-31 | 东莞理工学院 | Neutron (-detecting) phosphor position sensitive detector test system and method |
| CN111060955A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-24 | 中国人民解放军96901部队23分队 | Neutron energy spectrum measuring device based on multilayer neutron moderated fluorescence and optical fiber conduction |
| CN111736206A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-02 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring size of source spot of D-T neutron source |
| CN112285757A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-29 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Radiation monitoring device and method |
| CN113302521A (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2021-08-24 | 美国科学及工程股份有限公司 | Spectral discrimination using wavelength-shifting fiber-coupled scintillation detectors |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113302521A (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2021-08-24 | 美国科学及工程股份有限公司 | Spectral discrimination using wavelength-shifting fiber-coupled scintillation detectors |
| CN106772548A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-05-31 | 东莞理工学院 | Neutron (-detecting) phosphor position sensitive detector test system and method |
| CN111060955A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-24 | 中国人民解放军96901部队23分队 | Neutron energy spectrum measuring device based on multilayer neutron moderated fluorescence and optical fiber conduction |
| CN111736206A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-02 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring size of source spot of D-T neutron source |
| CN112285757A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-29 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Radiation monitoring device and method |
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Application publication date: 20150506 |