CN104597450A - Three-dimensional reflecting measurement device and method - Google Patents
Three-dimensional reflecting measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104597450A CN104597450A CN201410817240.0A CN201410817240A CN104597450A CN 104597450 A CN104597450 A CN 104597450A CN 201410817240 A CN201410817240 A CN 201410817240A CN 104597450 A CN104597450 A CN 104597450A
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- reflecting surface
- reflective
- measurement mechanism
- dimensional
- orthopyramid body
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional reflecting measurement device and method. The device comprises a regular pyramid; an adhering layer is arranged on the bottom surface of the regular pyramid, and reflecting material layers are arranged on the rest surfaces of the regular pyramid to form reflecting surfaces; reflecting surface centers are marked on each reflecting surface; a protecting film is arranged on the adhering layer. The method comprises the steps of tearing the protecting film on the bottom surface of the regular pyramid; adhering the regular pyramid on the tested object through the adhering layer; selecting the reflecting surface with a proper measurement angle according to the position relation of a total station and the regular pyramid; aligning to the reflecting surface center; emitting laser to the reflecting surface center, and receiving the laser reflected by the reflecting surface, so as to measure three-dimensional coordinates of the reflecting surface center. With the adoption of the method, the proper reflecting surface can be selected from any position for measuring, thus the problem that excessively large or excessively small measuring angle is unsuitable for mounting a prism and leads to failure of measurement can be solved, a narrow zone can be quickly and accurately measured, and the regular pyramid can be directly, quickly and conveniently adhered to the tested object without mounting and debugging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building construction measurement field, the reflective measurement mechanism of the solid of the distortion of testee and method are determined in the change particularly relating to a kind of three-dimensional coordinate by measuring testee.
Background technology
At present, three-dimensional coordinate measurement is generally have three kinds of measurement patterns: no reflection events is measured, reflector plate is measured and reflecting prism is measured.Wherein, no reflection events measurement pattern refers to that total powerstation is directed pointing testee (i.e. target) feature locations, Emission Lasers, receiving target reflects laser, recording laser working time and total powerstation horizontal dial and altitude circle reading, calculate the three-dimensional coordinate of testee according to the relative position relation of total powerstation center and target; Reflector plate measurement pattern refers to pastes reflector plate on testee, and total powerstation aims at reflector plate center, measures the three-dimensional coordinate at reflector plate center; Reflecting prism measurement refers to installs reflecting prism, total powerstation alignment prism center, measuring prism central three-dimensional coordinate on testee.
But, buildings is more and more higher now, bridge is more and more longer, steel construction span is increasing, construction site is narrow, causes taking measurement of an angle more and more less between Survey control point and testee, and measuring distance is increasing, when using no reflection events measurement pattern and reflector plate measurement pattern, because the incident angle of measurement laser on testee is excessive or the too small situation about cannot measure that causes happens occasionally.
When adopting reflecting prism target-marking to measure, the back side of this reflecting prism is light-proof material, thus from prism surface through light can reflect back from prism centers, with the three-dimensional coordinate at the center of measuring prism, and then obtain the deformation of testee.Because reflecting prism is solid, there is certain quality, therefore need in target, to weld prism bar in order to fixation reflex prism, labor intensive material resources.And in some specific targets, do not allow to carry out weld job, then need to fix prism according to actual conditions customization special device, therefore, rapidly and efficiently requirement cannot be met.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism and method, can be pasted on testee quickly and easily, and suitable reflecting surface can be selected at an arbitrary position to measure, solve because taking measurement of an angle excessive or too small and being not suitable for installing the testee of reflecting prism and the problem that cannot measure, realize strip fast, Measurement accuracy.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism; comprise an orthopyramid body, the bottom surface of described orthopyramid body is provided with tack coat, all the other each is respectively equipped with reflective material layer and forms reflecting surface; each described reflecting surface marks each reflecting surface center respectively, and described tack coat is provided with diaphragm.
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, described orthopyramid body is positive tetrahedron or just rectangular pyramid or just pentagonal pyramid.
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, described orthopyramid body is hollow or solid.
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, described orthopyramid body is hollow, and thickness is 2-4 millimeter.
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, described orthopyramid body adopts plastics.
As optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, described plastics refer to PET, PP, PS or PC material.
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, described reflective material layer adopts PVC reflectorized material, and described tack coat is glue layer.
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, described all the other each is respectively equipped with three angular bisectors, the intersection point of described three angular bisectors is each reflecting surface center
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, also comprise total powerstation, described total powerstation can select one of them the reflecting surface center aiming at described orthopyramid body, the laser of being returned by this reflective surface is also received, to measure the three-dimensional coordinate at this reflecting surface center to this reflecting surface emission center laser.
The invention also discloses a kind of reflective measuring method, adopt three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism as above, comprise the steps:
The first step, tears the bottom surface upper protective film of orthopyramid body, is pasted on testee by described tack coat by described orthopyramid body;
Second step, according to the position relationship of total powerstation and described orthopyramid body, select to take measurement of an angle suitable reflecting surface, aim at this reflecting surface center, the laser of being returned by this reflective surface is also received, to measure the three-dimensional coordinate at this reflecting surface center to this reflecting surface emission center laser.
From above disclosed technical scheme, compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) due to except the bottom surface except orthopyramid body, all the other each faces are respectively equipped with reflective material layer and form reflecting surface, the space angle at the place of each reflecting surface is different, therefore tester can select the reflecting surface of proper angle to measure as required at an arbitrary position, can solve because taking measurement of an angle excessive or too small and problem that is that cannot measure, realize strip fast, Measurement accuracy; And the reflecting surface of different angles can be selected to reflect due to the present invention, therefore do not need to debug setting angle, improve installation effectiveness, and existing reflector plate is measured and reflecting prism measurement all needs the Laser emission the direction when mounted plane of incidence being aimed at total powerstation, installation process complexity is loaded down with trivial details.
(2) the present invention is by arranging tack coat, makes this three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism to be pasted on testee directly, quickly and easily, significantly improves the efficiency of installation.
(3) the reflective measurement mechanism of solid of the present invention is compared existing reflecting prism and is compared, and principle of work is different, and the former is only reflection, and the latter needs transmittance and reflectance.And the former material requested cost is lower, layer of reflective material is cheap, positive rectangular pyramid can select the material of lighter weight as base material, and can be made into hollow, therefore total quality is lighter, can fasten with glue and be fixed on testee, and the latter needs higher cost of manufacture, its material is solid glass, there is higher quality, the method be not suitable for pasting is fixed on testee, need to be fixedly welded on testee, the testee being not suitable for welding is needed to make special fixed support, not only installation cost is higher, and installation effectiveness is lower.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the reflective measurement mechanism axonometric drawing of solid of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a reflecting surface of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the cone bottom surface of the reflective measurement mechanism of solid of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the solid reflective measurement mechanism horizontal cross-sectional schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
In figure: 1-reflective material layer, 2-orthopyramid body, 21-bottom surface, 3-reflecting surface center, 4-diaphragm.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the reflective measurement mechanism of solid that the present invention proposes is described in further detail.According to the following describes and claims, advantages and features of the invention will be clearer.It should be noted that, accompanying drawing all adopts the form that simplifies very much and all uses non-ratio accurately, only in order to object that is convenient, the aid illustration embodiment of the present invention lucidly.
Composition graphs 1 to Fig. 4; present embodiment discloses a kind of three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism; comprise an orthopyramid body 2 (also can be described as base material); the bottom surface of described orthopyramid body 2 is provided with tack coat; all the other each is respectively equipped with reflective material layer 3 and forms reflecting surface; each described reflecting surface marks each reflecting surface center 3 respectively, and described tack coat is provided with diaphragm 4.Described all the other each is respectively equipped with three angular bisectors, and the intersection point of described three angular bisectors is each reflecting surface center.In use; to tear diaphragm 4; can quickly and easily this orthopyramid body 2 be pasted on testee (not shown) by tack coat; due to the reflecting surface of different angles multiple on orthopyramid body 2; therefore the suitable reflecting surface of incident angle can be selected to measure; thus can solve because taking measurement of an angle excessive or too small and causing the problem that cannot measure, achieve the deformation that strip measures testee fast and accurately.And the testee that can avoid is not suitable for the situation of welded and installed.Further, do not need to make specific device and fix three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism, improve fixing efficiency, reduce fixed expense.
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, described orthopyramid body 2 is positive tetrahedron or just rectangular pyramid or just pentagonal pyramid.In the present embodiment, described orthopyramid body 2 adopts positive tetrahedron, and its manufacture is convenient, and the orthopyramid body of same volume has more large-area reflecting surface.
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, described orthopyramid body 2 adopts plastics.It is light that plastics have quality, the advantage that cost is low.Concrete, described plastics can be the one in PET, PP, PS or PC material.Wherein, described PET material refers to polyethylene terephthalate, PET has good optical property and weatherability, amorphous PET has good optical transparence, in addition PET has excellent abrasion performance frictional property and dimensional stability and electrical insulating property, PET goods have that intensity is large, the transparency is good, nontoxic, impermeable, quality light, production efficiency advantages of higher in a word, thus receive and apply widely.Described PP material refers to that polypropylene (Polypropylene is called for short PP) is a kind of hemicrystalline thermoplastics.Have higher resistance to impact, engineering properties is tough, anti-multiple organic solvent and acid and alkali corrosion.Described PS material refers to polystyrene plastics, its electrical insulating property (especially high-frequency insulation) is excellent, water white transparency, transmittance is only second to organic glass, coloring water tolerance, and chemical stability is good, intensity is general, but matter is crisp, easily produce stress embrittlement, not resistance to benzene. the organic solvents such as gasoline.Described PC material refers to that polycarbonate is also polycarbonate (Polycarbonate), is a kind of tough thermoplastic resin.In the present embodiment, described orthopyramid body 2 adopts PET material.
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, described orthopyramid body 2 can be hollow or solid.In the present embodiment, in order to reduce the quality of three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism, described orthopyramid body 2 is hollow, and thickness can be 2-4 millimeter.
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, described reflective material layer 1 adopts PVC reflectorized material, and certain described reflective material layer also can adopt other to have the material of reflection potential.Adopt the described reflective material layer 1 of PVC reflectorized material for reflection measurement laser, when measuring laser and being irradiated to reflective material layer 1 described in this, the laser of more than 70% can be reflected back toward total powerstation.
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, described tack coat is glue layer.
Optionally, in the reflective measurement mechanism of above-mentioned solid, also comprise total powerstation (not shown), described total powerstation can select one of them the reflecting surface center 3 aiming at described orthopyramid body 2, the laser of being returned by this reflective surface is also received to this reflecting surface center 3 Emission Lasers, to measure the three-dimensional coordinate at this reflecting surface center 3, finally obtain the deformation of testee.
The invention also discloses a kind of reflective measuring method, adopt three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism as above, comprise the steps:
The first step, tears the bottom surface upper protective film 4 of orthopyramid body 2, is pasted on testee by described tack coat by described orthopyramid body 2;
Second step, according to the position relationship of total powerstation and described orthopyramid body 2, select to take measurement of an angle suitable reflecting surface, aim at this reflecting surface center 3, the laser of being returned by this reflective surface is also received, to measure the three-dimensional coordinate at this reflecting surface center 3 to this reflecting surface center 3 Emission Lasers.
The reflective measurement mechanism of solid provided by the invention and method, on the one hand, due to except the bottom surface except orthopyramid body, all the other each faces are respectively equipped with reflective material layer and form reflecting surface, the space angle at the place of each reflecting surface is different, therefore tester can select the reflecting surface of proper angle to measure as required at an arbitrary position, can solve because taking measurement of an angle excessive or too small and problem that is that cannot measure, realize strip fast, Measurement accuracy; And the reflecting surface of different angles can be selected to reflect due to the present invention, therefore do not need to debug setting angle, improve installation effectiveness, and existing reflector plate is measured and reflecting prism measurement all needs the Laser emission the direction when mounted plane of incidence being aimed at total powerstation, installation process complexity is loaded down with trivial details.On the other hand, the present invention, by arranging tack coat, makes this three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism to be pasted on testee directly, quickly and easily.In addition, the reflective measurement mechanism of solid of the present invention is compared existing reflecting prism and is compared, principle of work is different, the former is only reflection, the latter needs transmittance and reflectance, and the former can material requested cost lower, layer of reflective material is cheap, lighter weight, and the latter needs higher cost of manufacture, for solid glass, there is higher quality, the method be not suitable for pasting is fixed on testee, need to be fixedly welded on testee, the testee being not suitable for welding is needed to make special fixed support, installation cost is higher, installation effectiveness is lower.
Foregoing description is only the description to present pre-ferred embodiments, any restriction not to the scope of the invention, and any change that the those of ordinary skill in field of the present invention does according to above-mentioned disclosure, modification, all belong to the protection domain of claims.
Claims (10)
1. the reflective measurement mechanism of solid; it is characterized in that; comprise an orthopyramid body; the bottom surface of described orthopyramid body is provided with tack coat; all the other each is respectively equipped with reflective material layer and forms reflecting surface; each described reflecting surface marks each reflecting surface center respectively, and described tack coat is provided with diaphragm.
2. three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described orthopyramid body is positive tetrahedron or just rectangular pyramid or just pentagonal pyramid.
3. three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described orthopyramid body is hollow or solid.
4. three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described orthopyramid body is hollow, and thickness is 2-4 millimeter.
5. three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described orthopyramid body adopts plastics.
6. three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described plastics refer to PET, PP, PS or PC material.
7. three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described reflective material layer adopts PVC reflectorized material, and described tack coat is glue layer.
8. three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described all the other each is respectively equipped with three angular bisectors, and the intersection point of described three angular bisectors is each reflecting surface center.
9. measurement mechanism as reflective in the solid in claim 1-8 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, also comprise total powerstation, described total powerstation can select one of them the reflecting surface center aiming at described orthopyramid body, the laser of being returned by this reflective surface is also received, to measure the three-dimensional coordinate at this reflecting surface center to this reflecting surface emission center laser.
10. a reflective measuring method, is characterized in that, adopts measurement mechanism as reflective in the solid in claim 1-9 as described in any one, comprises the steps:
The first step, tears the bottom surface upper protective film of orthopyramid body, is pasted on testee by described tack coat by described orthopyramid body;
Second step, according to the position relationship of total powerstation and described orthopyramid body, select to take measurement of an angle suitable reflecting surface, aim at this reflecting surface center, the laser of being returned by this reflective surface is also received, to measure the three-dimensional coordinate at this reflecting surface center to this reflecting surface emission center laser.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410817240.0A CN104597450A (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2014-12-22 | Three-dimensional reflecting measurement device and method |
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| CN201410817240.0A CN104597450A (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2014-12-22 | Three-dimensional reflecting measurement device and method |
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| CN104597450A true CN104597450A (en) | 2015-05-06 |
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| CN201410817240.0A Pending CN104597450A (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2014-12-22 | Three-dimensional reflecting measurement device and method |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5946135A (en) * | 1995-04-20 | 1999-08-31 | Leica Geosystems Ag | Retroreflector |
| CN101110232A (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-01-23 | 上海乐金广电电子有限公司 | Integrated optical component and optical pick-up apparatus using this component |
| CN201096953Y (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2008-08-06 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Spelling reflective big-angle cone prism |
| CN201740912U (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2011-02-09 | 江阴香江光电仪器有限公司 | 360 DEG prism |
| CN102081175A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-01 | 武汉天宇光电仪器有限公司 | Hollow cone prism |
| CN202382742U (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-08-15 | 苏京平 | Prism-free measurement chip for total station |
| CN203687947U (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-07-02 | 长安大学 | Reflector-pasted measuring marker post |
| CN204331032U (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-05-13 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism |
-
2014
- 2014-12-22 CN CN201410817240.0A patent/CN104597450A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5946135A (en) * | 1995-04-20 | 1999-08-31 | Leica Geosystems Ag | Retroreflector |
| CN101110232A (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-01-23 | 上海乐金广电电子有限公司 | Integrated optical component and optical pick-up apparatus using this component |
| CN201096953Y (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2008-08-06 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Spelling reflective big-angle cone prism |
| CN102081175A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-01 | 武汉天宇光电仪器有限公司 | Hollow cone prism |
| CN201740912U (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2011-02-09 | 江阴香江光电仪器有限公司 | 360 DEG prism |
| CN202382742U (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-08-15 | 苏京平 | Prism-free measurement chip for total station |
| CN203687947U (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-07-02 | 长安大学 | Reflector-pasted measuring marker post |
| CN204331032U (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-05-13 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional reflective measurement mechanism |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 骆亚波等: "360棱镜的结构性能及定位精度分析", 《测绘科学技术学报》 * |
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