CN104597230A - Functional polymer thin film, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Functional polymer thin film, preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN104597230A
CN104597230A CN201510045459.8A CN201510045459A CN104597230A CN 104597230 A CN104597230 A CN 104597230A CN 201510045459 A CN201510045459 A CN 201510045459A CN 104597230 A CN104597230 A CN 104597230A
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biochip
polymer
solution
thin film
preparation
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CN104597230B (en
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朱劲松
周文菲
杨墨
李少鹏
王瑞
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National Center for Nanosccience and Technology China
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National Center for Nanosccience and Technology China
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Abstract

The invention discloses a functional polymer thin film, a preparation method of the thin film and an application of the thin film. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) modifying a photo-cross-linking agent on the surface of a substrate; (2) rotationally coating the surface formed in the step (1) with a polymer solution; (3) performing irradiation reaction on the polymer solution with ultraviolet lights and covalently grafting the polymer to the substrate to form the polymer thin film; and (4) further functionalizing the polymer or directly performing biological sensing application. According to the preparation method, a three-dimensional polymer surface can be simply, quickly and efficiently prepared; the density and thickness of the surface polymer can be precisely controlled by regulating and controlling the density of the photo-cross-linking agent, the molecule weight of the polymer and spin-coating parameters; moreover, the preparation method is strong in operability, excellent in repeatability and suitable for mass production. The surface of the prepared polymer thin film has the high requirement for the fixed amount of bio-molecules and the excellent anti-nonspecific adsorption ability, thus the detection performance of a biological sensor (for example, surface plasmon resonance imaging, fluorescence, quartz crystal microbalance and electrochemical transducer) can be improved.

Description

A kind of functional polymer film, preparation method and application thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of simple, quick, general macromolecule membrane, preparation method and the application in bio-sensing thereof, the application particularly in surface plasmon resonance imaging.
Background technology
Biochip is mainly through the surface chemical modification to substrate, the biomolecule such as protein, polypeptide, nucleic acid and the biological sample such as cell, tissue are fixed on chip surface, and then realize detecting accurate, quick, the large information capacity of targeted biological component, there is the features such as height collimation, diversity, microminiaturization and robotization.It is more efficient, stable that rational surface chemical modification can make biological sample fix.In order to improve the crystallized ability of biochip to biological sample, reducing non-specific adsorption, improving the signal intensity detected, and then improve instrument detection sensitivity, large quantifier elimination has been carried out in people's effects on surface chemistry aspect.
At present, self assembled monolayer is applied comparatively extensive at bio-sensing and chip technology field, its advantage is to form stable, homogeneous, fine and close molecular layer on surface, not only can in testing process at the bottom of protecting group, reduce non-specific adsorption, also can have diversified terminal functional groups, do further modification; In addition, it is very simple that self assembled monolayer modifies operation, modifies reproducible.But self assembled monolayer is as two-dimensional surface because its biomolecule fixed amount is little, and during detection bio-molecular interaction, signal is weak, makes it apply and is greatly limited.In order to strengthen the fixed amount of biochip to biomolecule further, thus improve biology sensor detection sensitivity, a lot of researchs have employed the chip surface method of modifying of three-dimensional structure.Biochip substrate builds the macromolecule membrane being rich in various reactive group that one deck has three-dimensional structure, surface prepared by this kind of modification mode is commonly referred to as three-dimensional surface, because its three dimensions surface has the binding site of large number of biological molecule, substantially increase the fixed amount of biomolecule, tens of even hundreds of times of common chip can be reached.
The existing research about three-dimensional structure finishing comprises the three-dimensional surface of various polymer film, as glucosan, polyacrylic acid, cellulose nitrate, nylon, agarose, polyacrylamide, the polyethylene glycol hydrogel of polylysine modification, micro/nano level rough surface structure and some Supramolecular self assembly three-dimensional structures etc., wherein most widely used (the Johnsson B. of glucosan three-dimensional surface, et al., Comparison of methods forimmobilization to carboxymethyl dextran sensor surfaces by analysis of the specificactivity of monoclonal antibodies.Journal of Molecular Recognition, 1995.8 (1-2): p.125-131.).In addition, the research of the polymer brush shaped polymer prepared based on atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method is also because its reaction conditions is gentle, easy to operate, the advantages such as anti-non-specific adsorption ability is strong, be subject to extensive concern (Wang, J.-S.and K.Matyjaszewski, Controlled/ " living " radicalpolymerization.Atom transfer radical polymerization in the presence oftransition-metal complexes.Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1995.117 (20): p.5614-5615.).And this Biocompatibility is good, end function group is enriched, and has the good characteristics such as anti-non-specific adsorption, is widely applied in biosensor surface.
In polymer growth, strand generally has two kinds of methods with the connection at surface or interface: one is the method for " being grafted to " (graft-to), and another is the method (graft-from) of " from surface grafting "." from surface grafting " method, polymkeric substance directly grows on the surface of the substrate, usually first the initiating agent of polymkeric substance is fixed on the surface, next step polymerization is caused again by the initiating agent on surface, the method can control polymer thickness by adjustment monomer and reaction time, and controls the grafting density of polymkeric substance by the surface coverage adjusting initiating agent.But the method experimental procedure is comparatively complicated, when regulating and controlling surface aggregate thing density, repeatability is relatively poor, and production cost is higher, uses catalyzer usually to have bio-toxicity, and easily remains in surface, be unfavorable for that biomolecule activity keeps.And " being grafted to " method is simple, quick owing to preparing, use material easily to carry out antenatal Quality Control, be subject to people's favor.But polymer reaction functional group is connected by chemical bond, differential responses system to be adopted for different functional groups, relative Consideration is more, and for nano-crystal, reaction rate is usually not high, and the time is longer, macromolecule in the solution mobile compared be difficult to and self space steric hindrance large, cause local reaction limited, shortcoming is outstanding all the more.
Summary of the invention
For the problem of prior art, an object of the present invention is the preparation method providing a kind of functional polymer film, the method utilizes the mode of ultraviolet light cross-linking randomly polymkeric substance covalency to be fixed on substrate surface, obtain macromolecule membrane, then to its further functionalization or directly carry out catching and detecting of biomolecule and drug molecule etc.
To achieve these goals, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A preparation method for functional polymer film, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) self assembled monolayer of end-functionalization is formed at biochip substrate surface;
(2) photocrosslinking agent is passed through chemical bonding, be grafted to self assembled monolayer end;
(3) Polymer Solution is spun under lucifuge condition the surface that step (2) is formed, then dry;
(4) there is high molecular biochip to carry out ultraviolet lighting under inert gas shielding surperficial spin coating, under ultraviolet light conditions, carry out chemical bonding, make macromolecular grafted to surface, form macromolecule membrane;
Optionally, step (5) is carried out:
(5) macromolecule is carried out end-functionalization, form functional polymer film, it is in order to catch biomolecule and drug molecule etc., and carries out high flux detection.
The present invention, in conjunction with spin coating technique and photo-crosslinking technology, establishes a kind of simple, quick and general biochip surface chemical modification method, has prepared (function) macromolecule membrane.The present invention mainly utilizes the method for photo-crosslinking to carry out chemical modification in biochip surface, in order to form the three-dimensional surface of high density grafting, then further functionalization carried out to it and utilize the functionalization group of end on SPRi instrument, realize the micromolecular fixing and detection fixed and detect or directly carry out biomolecule or drug molecule such as biomolecule (as albumen, polypeptide, polysaccharide, nucleic acid) or medicine.
Preferably, step (1) is front carries out following pre-service to biochip substrate: biochip substrate cleaned up.
Preferably, described biochip substrate, comprises the material that all may be used for preparing biochip holder, such as glass, silicon chip and quartz; The macromolecule class films such as dimethyl silicone polymer, polystyrene, polycarbonate and polymethylmethacrylate; Metal and the metal-oxide films etc. such as gold film, silverskin and di-aluminium trioxide film.
Preferably, the cleaning way of described biochip substrate includes but not limited to organic solvent (as ethanol, methyl alcohol and N, dinethylformamide etc.) or deionized water carry out rinsing, shaking and wash or ultrasonic cleaning, also comprise and utilize plasma cleaning instrument to carry out surface clean, or both or three kinds of modes arbitrarily are wherein combinationally used.
Preferably, the reagent of self assembled monolayer includes but not limited to the mix reagent of any one or at least two kinds in single mercaptan, dithiol and silylating reagent etc. in step (1).
Preferably, in step (1), the group of end-functionalization includes but not limited to alkoxy, hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, epoxy radicals or cyano group etc.
Preferably, described in step (2), photocrosslinking agent refers to containing photaesthesia group, the reagent of chemical reaction can be carried out, as the combination of any one in azirine, diazonium, acetophenone, benzophenone or Anthraquinones etc. or at least two kinds under specific wavelength (energy) illumination.
Preferably, the described photocrosslinking agent that makes passes through chemical bonding, the method being grafted to self assembled monolayer end adopts different bonding methods, as amidation, esterification, open loop or nucleophilic substitution etc. according to the difference of biochip substrate surface functionalization group and photocrosslinking agent functional end-group.
The adoptable photocrosslinking agent structural formula of such as the present invention as shown in Figure 2, for (a) structure, adopts esterification to be grafted to self assembled monolayer end; For (b) structure, amidation process is adopted to be grafted to self assembled monolayer end.For esterification process, carboxyl terminal photocrosslinking agent is grafted to hydroxy thiol surface, owing to containing F and N element in above-mentioned photocrosslinking agent, and the surface before graft esterification photocrosslinking agent there is no two kinds of elements and exists, so can judge photocrosslinking agent grafting is successfully according to appearing at of F and N two kinds of element peaks.As shown in Figure 3, there are F and N two obvious peaks in the surperficial XPS data display after esterification, and there is no two elements in contrast simultaneously, proves that photocrosslinking agent is successfully grafted to surface.
Preferably, described macromolecule mainly refers to have biocompatibility and the functional polymer with active end group, include but not limited to the macromolecule with good anti-non-specific binding performance, as polyglycol and derivant, fluoropolymer, polyacrylic acid, polystyrene and PLA etc.; Both sexes betaines polymkeric substance etc.; There is the macromolecule of good biocompatibility, as nitrocellulose, shitosan, glucosan and derivant thereof etc.
Preferably, step (4) described inert gas includes but not limited to nitrogen or/and inert gases such as argon gas.
Preferably, step (4) described ultraviolet wavelength is 365nm.
As shown in Figure 4, by macromolecule by after 365nm ultraviolet light cross-linking to surface, with FT-IR (plunderring angle annex), chip surface is characterized.For the surface of grafting poly-(methacrylic acid macrogol ester), 3500cm -1there is O-H stretching vibration peak, 3000-3200cm -1there is CH in place 2vibration bimodal, 1740cm -1there is obvious C=O stretching vibration peak in left and right, and lower wave number region, as 1100cm -1there is the peak of obvious C-O and C-C vibration in left and right.Similarly, for the surface of grafting glucosan, 3500cm -1there is-OH characteristic peak, 3000-3200cm -1there is CH in place 2vibration bimodal, 1100cm -1there is the peak of obvious C-O-C stretching vibration in left and right.Above evidence all proves macromolecule by successful photo-crosslinking to biochip surface, also proves the feasibility of this technical scheme.
Preferably, in step (5), the group of end-functionalization includes but not limited to hydroxyl, carboxyl, aldehyde radical, amino, epoxy radicals, cyano group, alkynyl, azido or azirine etc.
Preferably, by regulation and control photocrosslinking agent density (1mM ~ 100mM), macromolecule number-average molecular weight (100,000 ~ 2,000,000), spin coating parameters (1000rpm ~ 8000rpm) etc. can the accurately density of control surface macromolecule membrane and thickness.It is simple, quick and efficient that the method prepares three-dimensional macromolecule surface.
Two of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of functional polymer film obtained by method described above.
Three of object of the present invention is the purposes providing a kind of functional polymer film as above, and its fixing and high flux for biomolecule and drug molecule detects.
Preferably, biomolecule described in the present invention includes but not limited to albumen, polypeptide, nucleic acid (DNA, RNA, cDNA and peptide nucleic acid etc.) and sugared equimolecular.Drug molecule is mainly the pharmaceutical active compounds of chemosynthesis and Separation of Natural Products and purifies the active component etc. obtained.
High-flux detection method described in the present invention, mainly comprises surface plasmon resonance imaging technique, fluorescence labeling detection technique, fluorescence intensity, fluorescence polarization, FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer), fluorescent quenching, QCM (Quartz Crystal Microbalance) technology and the method such as various high-throughout electrochemical measuring techniques and hot detection technique.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The invention provides a kind of " being grafted to " method newly, spin coating technique and photo-crosslinking technology is utilized to obtain the fixing high molecular method of universality, can utilize ultraviolet light one step by macromolecule non-selectively covalency be fixed on surface, be directly used in preparation and there is the three-dimensional surface biochip of photo-crosslinking structure.
In addition, the method for the invention adopts photocrosslinking agent under UV-irradiation, produce the Cabbeen of high reaction activity, and its reactivity is strong, and the reaction time is short, can at random and macromolecule carry out intercalation reaction, be applicable to all macromolecules, there is universality.
In addition, the method is based on the spin coating technique of mature and reliable, and required instrument and equipment has popularization and versatility.The biochip utilizing this method to prepare all is significantly improved to the fixing of various biological detection thing and detection signal, practical, is applicable to large-scale promotion and commercial applications, has boundless application prospect.
In addition, the present invention preferably adopts relatively long ultraviolet light (365nm), and subsidiary reaction is few, and other decorating molecules of effects on surface (as mercaptan etc.) are injury not.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 modifies process flow diagram based on the functional polymer three-dimensional surface of photo-crosslinking method;
Fig. 2 is the photocrosslinking agent molecular structural formula in the present invention, wherein, and (a) carboxyl terminal photocrosslinking agent; (b) amino terminal photocrosslinking agent;
Fig. 3 is that x-ray photoelectron power spectrum (XPS) is to the surface-element analysis result before and after grafting photocrosslinking agent, wherein, figure (a) and (b) are respectively the XPS figure before and after the grafting of N1s element, and figure (c) and figure (d) is respectively the XPS figure before and after the grafting of F1s element;
Fig. 4 is that Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) surface to photo-crosslinking grafting polymer characterizes, and (a) gathers (methacrylic acid macrogol ester); (b) glucosan);
Fig. 5 is the glucosan three-dimensional surface bio-sensing chip prepared based on photo-crosslinking method, fixes Streptavidin (SA) in the mode circulated, and detects 4nM biotin (Biotin);
Fig. 6 fixes rapamycin on the surface at poly-(methacrylic acid macrogol ester), SPRi is utilized to detect the FKBP12 (PBS with 100nM, pH7.4,0.5%T20) the interaction of albumen, wherein, rapamycin-1, rapamycin-2 and rapamycin-3 represents the sample repeating for three times to test employing respectively;
Fig. 7 is agglutinin microarray surface plasma resonance imaging figure;
Fig. 8 is that agglutinin array is to serum screening result.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1. dextran surface (Small molecular detects: the fixing SA of circulation, detects Biotin)
(1) layers of chrome of one deck 3nm thickness and the layer gold of one deck 47nm thickness is prepared, as the substrate of biochip by the method for hot evaporation on the glass substrate.
(2) the ethanolic solution HS-(CH of C-terminal mercaptan is prepared 2) 11-EG6-OH, concentration is 1mM.
(3) biochip substrate ethanol or washed with de-ionized water is clean, then biochip is put into plasma clean instrument cleaning 3 minutes.
(4) be immersed in by biochip in ready thiol solution, hatch 12 hours, after reaching the schedule time at 4 DEG C, taken out by biochip, the alternately cleaning of ethanol and deionized water, nitrogen dries up.
(5) prepare esterification and connect solution 20mL needed for photocrosslinking agent, carboxyl terminal photocrosslinking agent 10mM, 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide (EDC) 10mM, DMAP (DMAP) 1mM, solvent is DMF (DMF).
(6) immersed by biochip in the esterification solution prepared, room temperature lucifuge reacts 4 hours, after reaching the schedule time, and cleaned with DMF, ethanol and deionized water successively by biochip, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(7) be the aqueous solution that the glucosan of 2000KDa is mixed with mass concentration 40% by molecular weight, stir, removing bubble is to water white uniform solution.
(8) dextran solution prepared is paved with in biochip surface, with the rotating speed of 8000rpm, spin coating 1 minute, after spin coating, by biochip at room temperature lucifuge leave standstill within 1 hour, dry.
(9) biochip is put into ultraviolet light cross-linking instrument, under nitrogen environment, with 365nm UV-irradiation 15 minutes (2.4J/cm 2).
(10) after reaching the schedule time, repeatedly shaken with the hot water of 50 DEG C by biochip and wash 1 hour, remove the dextran molecule that the non-covalency in surface is fixing, period changes water 3-5 time, and the rear nitrogen of biochip cleaning dries up for subsequent use.
(11) biochip is immersed in the DMF solution of succinic anhydride (10mg/mL) and DMAP (15mg/mL), room temperature (25 DEG C) reaction 16 hours, after reaching predetermined reaction time, biochip is taken out, use DMF, ethanol, washed with de-ionized water successively, nitrogen dries up.
(12) sodium acetate buffer (pH=4.5) preparing 50ug/mL Streptavidin (SA) is for subsequent use.
(13) adjust SPRi optical position, SA solution is passed to biochip surface with the speed of 3uL/s, continues in conjunction with 100s.
(14) step 12 is repeated, until surperficial fixed amount reaches capacity.
(15) System Solution is changed into PBS damping fluid (containing 1%DMSO), adjustment optical position, passes into the PBS solution (1%DMSO) of the biotin containing 4nM, in conjunction with 300s, 300s, the 1:100 phosphate aqueous solution that dissociates is lived again, and 10mM NaOH aqueous solution is lived again.
The results show, has very high proteopexy amount with biochip prepared by the method, is enough to detect and protein bound Small molecular (as Fig. 5).
Embodiment 2. poly-(methacrylic acid macrogol ester) surface (array of small molecules)
(1) layers of chrome of one deck 3nm thickness and the layer gold of one deck 47nm thickness is prepared, as the substrate of biochip by the method for hot evaporation on the glass substrate.
(2) ethanolic solution (HS-(CH of the mercaptan of C-terminal and carboxyl terminal is prepared 2) 11-EG6-OH and HS-(CH 2) 11-EG6-COOH), concentration is 1mM, by above two kinds of thiol solutions according to 999:1 (v/v) mixing, for subsequent use.
(3) biochip ethanol or washed with de-ionized water is clean, then biochip is put into plasma clean instrument cleaning 3 minutes.
(4) be immersed in by biochip in the thiol solution mixed, hatch 12 hours, after reaching the schedule time at 4 DEG C, taken out by biochip, the alternately cleaning of ethanol and deionized water, nitrogen dries up.
(5) biochip surface carboxyl is activated, immerse in the aqueous solution of 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxy-succinamide (NHS) (0.4M and 0.1M) again, incubated at room 30 minutes, reach the schedule time, with water cleaning, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(6) biochip is immersed the N of 10mM amino terminal photocrosslinking agent, in dinethylformamide (DMF) solution, room temperature lucifuge reacts 4 hours, after reaching the schedule time, cleaned with DMF, ethanol and deionized water successively by biochip, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(7) atomic radicals transfer polymerization (ATRP) method is utilized to synthesize the methanol/water solution of poly-(methacrylic acid macrogol ester) high molecular polymer.By cupric chloride (CuCl 2) solution mixes with its part second bipyridine (Bpy), stirs 15min.First monomer OEGMA and monomer HEMA is added the mixed solution of first alcohol and water (1:1, volume ratio) with 1:1 (mol ratio), ultrasonic 15min, continue to pass into nitrogen 30min.Add the aqueous ascorbic acid that 0.04M newly configures again, stir 10min and be mixed, then add the ethanolic solution of the dithiol initiating agent of 1mM, wherein the mol ratio of initiating agent and monomer is 1:25000, continues to pass into nitrogen, reacts 16 hours.
(8) ATRP macromolecule stoste step 7 obtained revolves steaming (35 DEG C), and removing methyl alcohol, remaining liq dichloromethane solvent extracts, centrifugal.Take out lower floor's dichloromethane solution part, be spin-dried for.
(9) with the macromolecule of purifying in ethanol dissolving step (8), the ethanolic solution of poly-(methacrylic acid macrogol ester) high molecular polymer of 2 μMs is obtained, for subsequent use.
(10) Polymer Solution configured is paved with in biochip surface, with the rotating speed of 8000rpm, spin coating 1 minute, after spin coating, by biochip at room temperature lucifuge leave standstill within 1 hour, dry, after reaching the schedule time, second alcohol and water is cleaning alternately, and nitrogen dries up.
(11) biochip is put into ultraviolet light cross-linking instrument, under nitrogen environment, with 365nm UV-irradiation 15 minutes (2.4J/cm 2).
(12), after reaching the schedule time, by biochip second alcohol and water ultrasonic cleaning, nitrogen dries up core for subsequent use.
(13) biochip is immersed in the DMF solution of succinic anhydride (10mg/mL) and DMAP (15mg/mL), room temperature reaction 12 hours, after reaching predetermined reaction time, biochip is taken out, use DMF, ethanol and washed with de-ionized water successively, nitrogen dries up.
(14) be layered on biochip surface with the ethanolic solution of the EG3 of 1mM, close 30min, then second alcohol and water alternately cleaning, nitrogen dries up.So far, poly-(methacrylic acid macrogol ester) surperficial chip prepared by photo-crosslinking method completes, and again utilizes photo-crosslinking method to fix Small molecular and utilizes SPRi to detect its associated protein, as follows:
(15) biochip surface is activated again, immerse in the aqueous solution of 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxy-succinamide (NHS) (0.4M and 0.1M), incubated at room 30 minutes, reach the schedule time, with water cleaning, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(16) biochip is immersed again the N of 10mM photocrosslinking agent, in dinethylformamide (DMF) solution, room temperature lucifuge reacts 4 hours, after reaching the schedule time, cleaned with DMF, ethanol and deionized water successively by biochip, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(17) the PBST damping fluid (wherein tween 0.05%) of 100nM rapamycin (Rapamycin) small molecule solution and 100ug/mLFKBP12 albumen is prepared, for subsequent use.
(18) by the surface that small molecule solution is prepared in step (16) by point sample instrument point sample, vacuum drying.
(19) chip is put into ultraviolet light cross-linking instrument again, under nitrogen environment, with 365nm UV-irradiation 15 minutes (2.4J/cm 2), carry out photo-crosslinking.
(20) adjust SPRi optical position, FKBP12 protein solution is passed to chip surface with the speed of 3uL/s, continues in conjunction with 300s, dissociate 300s, and glycine-HCI is lived again.
The results show, has very high Small molecular fixed amount with biochip prepared by the method, is enough to the interaction (as shown in Figure 6) detecting that Small molecular is combined with its associated protein.
Embodiment 3. dextran surface (antigen-antibody fluoroscopic examination)
(1) substrate of glass ethanol or washed with de-ionized water are totally, biochip put into plasma clean instrument cleaning 3 minutes, as the substrate of biochip.
(2) prepare, in the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APES) of 1:50 acetone diluted, to take out after 20-30s, then with the APES that pure acetone solution removal is not tied, APES is combined with glass, form one deck unimolecular layer at glass surface.
(3) soak 30 minutes in the glutaraldehyde of 25%, with acetone cleaning, one end of immersion 1mM is amino one end is in the aqueous solution of the PEG of hydroxyl, incubated at room temperature 1h, after reaching the schedule time, takes out biochip, by washed with de-ionized water, nitrogen dries up.
(4) prepare esterification and connect solution 20mL needed for photocrosslinking agent, carboxyl terminal photocrosslinking agent 10mM, 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide (EDC) 10mM, DMAP (DMAP) 1mM, solvent is DMF (DMF).
(5) immersed by biochip in the esterification solution prepared, room temperature lucifuge reacts 4 hours, after reaching the schedule time, and cleaned with DMF, ethanol and deionized water successively by biochip, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(6) be the aqueous solution that the glucosan of 2000KDa is mixed with mass concentration 40% by molecular weight, stir, removing bubble is to water white uniform solution.
(7) dextran solution prepared is paved with in biochip surface, with the rotating speed of 8000rpm, spin coating 1 minute, after spin coating, by chip at room temperature lucifuge leave standstill within 1 hour, dry.
(8) biochip is put into ultraviolet light cross-linking instrument, under nitrogen environment, with 365nm UV-irradiation 15 minutes (2.4J/cm 2).
(9) after reaching the schedule time, repeatedly shaken with the hot water of 50 DEG C by biochip and wash 1 hour, remove the dextran molecule that the non-covalency in surface is fixing, period changes water 3-5 time, and the rear nitrogen of biochip cleaning dries up for subsequent use.
(10) biochip is immersed in the DMF solution of succinic anhydride (10mg/mL) and DMAP (15mg/mL), room temperature (25 DEG C) reaction 16 hours, after reaching predetermined reaction time, biochip is taken out, use DMF, ethanol, washed with de-ionized water successively, nitrogen dries up, for subsequent use.
(11) human IgG (solvent is the sodium acetate solution of pH value 4.5) getting the 1mg/ml of 3 μ l with liquid-transfering gun drops on the table that obtains in step (10), and the BSA being aided with 1mg/ml is negative control, incubated at room 1 hour, by the phosphate buffer clean surface twice (each 5 minutes) of the Tween-20 containing 0.0005g/ml, and with after washed with de-ionized water, nitrogen dries up.
(12) carry out after room temperature closes 1 hour with the skimmed milk solution (Skim milk) of 0.05g/ml (taking the phosphate buffer that 5g skimmed milk power is dissolved in the 0.1M of 100ml to be prepared from) effects on surface, by the phosphate buffer clean surface twice (each 5 minutes) of the Tween-20 containing 0.0005g/ml, washed with de-ionized water, nitrogen dries up.
(13) by fluorescein isothiocynate (Fluorescein isothiocyanate, FITC) the Goat anti human IgG marked is diluted in the skim milk aqueous solution of 0.005mg/ml with the extension rate of 1:50, and the chip after step 12 processes is immersed in this skim milk, room temperature places 1 hour, carry out antigen-antibody reaction, by the phosphate buffer clean surface twice (each 5 minutes) of the Tween-20 of 0.0005g/ml, and with after washed with de-ionized water, nitrogen dries up.
(14) by the chip after step 13 processes, by using Leica M-6000 fluorescent microscope with the 300ms time shutter under 480nm halogen light modulation, light intensity is carry out fluorescence imaging with 20 times of object lens under the condition of 5.
Embodiment 4. poly-(methacrylic acid macrogol ester) surface (SPRi glycoprotein array detection serum)
(1) layers of chrome of one deck 3nm thickness and the layer gold of one deck 47nm thickness is prepared, as the substrate of biochip by the method for hot evaporation on the glass substrate.
(2) ethanolic solution (HS-(CH of the mercaptan of C-terminal and carboxyl terminal is prepared 2) 11-EG6-OH and HS-(CH 2) 11-EG6-COOH), concentration is 1mM, by above two kinds of thiol solutions according to 999:1 (v/v) mixing, for subsequent use.
(3) biochip ethanol or washed with de-ionized water is clean, then biochip is put into plasma clean instrument cleaning 3 minutes.
(4) be immersed in by biochip in the thiol solution mixed, hatch 12 hours, after reaching the schedule time at 4 DEG C, taken out by biochip, the alternately cleaning of ethanol and deionized water, nitrogen dries up.
(5) biochip surface carboxyl is activated, chip is immersed in the aqueous solution of 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxy-succinamide (NHS) (0.4M and 0.1M), incubated at room 30 minutes, reach the schedule time, with water cleaning, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(6) biochip is immersed the N of 10mM photocrosslinking agent, in dinethylformamide (DMF) solution, room temperature lucifuge reacts 4 hours, after reaching the schedule time, cleaned with DMF, ethanol and deionized water successively by biochip, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(7) atomic radicals transfer polymerization (ATRP) method is utilized to synthesize the methanol/water solution of poly-(methacrylic acid macrogol ester) high molecular polymer.By cupric chloride (CuCl 2) solution mixes with its part second bipyridine, stirs 15min.First monomer OEGMA and monomer HEMA is added the mixed solution of first alcohol and water (1:1, volume ratio) with 1:1 (mol ratio), ultrasonic 15min, continue to pass into nitrogen 30min.Add the aqueous ascorbic acid that 0.04M newly configures again, stir 10min and be mixed.Then add the ethanolic solution of the dithiol initiating agent of 1mM, wherein the mol ratio of initiating agent and monomer is 1:25000, continues to pass into nitrogen, reacts 16 hours.
(8) the ATRP macromolecule stoste that step (7) obtains is revolved steaming (35 degree), removing methyl alcohol, remaining liq dichloromethane solvent extracts, centrifugal, takes out lower floor's dichloromethane solution part, is spin-dried for.
(9) with the macromolecule of purifying in ethanol dissolving step (8), the ethanolic solution of poly-(methacrylic acid macrogol ester) high molecular polymer of purifying is obtained, for subsequent use.
(10) Polymer Solution configured is paved with in biochip surface, with the rotating speed of 8000rpm, spin coating 1 minute, after spin coating, by biochip at room temperature lucifuge leave standstill within 1 hour, dry.
(11) biochip is put into ultraviolet light cross-linking instrument, in nitrogen environment, with 365nm UV-irradiation 15 minutes (2.4J/cm 2).
(12), after reaching the schedule time, by biochip second alcohol and water ultrasonic cleaning, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(13) biochip is immersed in the DMF solution of succinic anhydride (10mg/mL) and DMAP (15mg/mL), room temperature reaction 16 hours, after reaching predetermined reaction time, biochip is taken out, use DMF, ethanol, washed with de-ionized water successively, nitrogen dries up.So far, poly-(methacrylic acid macrogol ester) surperficial chip prepared by photo-crosslinking method completes, utilize point sample instrument carry out the fixing of agglutinin (lectin) and utilize SPRi to the coherent detection of type 1 diabetes (T1), diabetes B (T2) and 1.5 patients with type Ⅰ DM (LADA) human serum, and with normal human serum in contrast (C).
(14) biochip surface is activated, immerse in the aqueous solution of 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxy-succinamide (NHS) (0.4M and 0.1M), incubated at room 30 minutes, reach the schedule time, with water cleaning, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(15) point sample instrument is utilized by 49 kinds of different lectin point samples in the chip surface prepared, vacuum drying, stand-by.
(16) by the chip in step (15) with 2% skim milk (PBS solution) close, spend the night under 4 degree of conditions, use 10*PBST successively, 1*PBST, 0.1*PBST and water cleaning 10min, nitrogen dries up, stand-by.
(17) with HEPES damping fluid, 4 kinds of different blood serum samples are diluted with 1:4000, for subsequent use.
(18) SPRi optical position is adjusted, first pass into HEPES damping fluid 10min with the flow velocity of 4ul/s, 1:200 hydrochloric acid (adding 0.05% tween) is used to live again again surperficial 3 times, and blood serum sample solution is passed to chip surface with the speed random sequence of 3uL/s, continue in conjunction with 300s, 300s, the 1:200 hydrochloric acid (adding 0.05% tween) that dissociates is lived again.
The results show, has very high lectin fixed amount with chip prepared by the method, and variety classes diabetes serum (as Fig. 7 and Fig. 8) can well be detected.
Protein microarray is prepared on embodiment 5. polyacrylic acid surface (PAA)
(1) layers of chrome of one deck 3nm thickness and the layer gold of one deck 47nm thickness is prepared, as the substrate of biochip by the method for hot evaporation on the glass substrate.
(2) ethanolic solution (HS-(CH of the mercaptan of C-terminal and carboxyl terminal is prepared 2) 11-EG6-OH and HS-(CH 2) 11-EG6-COOH), concentration is 1mM.By two kinds of thiol solutions (EG6-OH:EG6-COOH) according to 999:1 mixing, for subsequent use.
(3) biochip ethanol or washed with de-ionized water is clean, then biochip is put into plasma clean instrument cleaning 3 minutes.
(4) be immersed in by biochip in the thiol solution mixed, hatch 12 hours, after reaching the schedule time at 4 DEG C, taken out by biochip, the alternately cleaning of ethanol and deionized water, nitrogen dries up.
(5) biochip surface carboxyl is activated, biochip is immersed in the aqueous solution of 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxy-succinamide (NHS) (0.4M and 0.1M), incubated at room 30 minutes, reach the schedule time, with water cleaning, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(6) biochip is immersed the N of 10mM carboxyl terminal photocrosslinking agent, in dinethylformamide (DMF) solution, room temperature lucifuge reacts 4 hours, after reaching the schedule time, cleaned with DMF, ethanol and deionized water successively by biochip, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(7) by molecular weight be 140000 polyacrylic acid macromolecule (PAA) be mixed with the aqueous solution of volumetric concentration 1%, stir, removing bubble is to water white uniform solution.
(8) the PAA solution configured is paved with in biochip surface, with the rotating speed of 8000rpm, spin coating 1 minute, after spin coating, by biochip at room temperature lucifuge leave standstill within 1 hour, dry.
(9) biochip is put into ultraviolet light cross-linking instrument, under nitrogen environment, with 365nm UV-irradiation 15 minutes (2.4J/cm 2).
(10), after reaching the schedule time, cleaned by biochip use water, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.
(11) biochip surface is activated, immerse in the aqueous solution of 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxy-succinamide (NHS) (0.4M and 0.1M), incubated at room 30 minutes.Reach the schedule time, with water cleaning, nitrogen dries up for subsequent use.So far, polyacrylic acid surface chip prepared by photo-crosslinking method completes, and utilizes SPRi to carry out the detection of the fixing of antigen and antibody.
(12) PBS solution of H-IgG of 1mg/ml and the PBS solution of the Goat-anti-H-IgG of 100ug/ml is configured, for subsequent use.
(13) by the chip surface that the H-IgG solution point prepared ocean prepares in step (11), dry, stand-by.
(14) close 10min by under the BSA solution room temperature of biochip 1mg/ml, PBS solution and water cleaning, nitrogen dries up, for subsequent use.
(15) adjust SPRi optical position, the PBS solution of Goat-anti-H-IgG is passed to chip surface with the speed of 3uL/s, continues in conjunction with 300s, dissociate 300s, and NaOH solution is lived again.
The results show, has very high antigen fixed amount with biochip prepared by the method, the interaction of antigen and its antibody can well be detected.
Applicant states, the present invention illustrates method detailed of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned method detailed, does not namely mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned method detailed and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to equivalence replacement and the interpolation of auxiliary element, the concrete way choice etc. of each raw material of product of the present invention, all drops within protection scope of the present invention and open scope.

Claims (10)

1. a preparation method for functional polymer film, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) self assembled monolayer of end-functionalization is formed at biochip substrate surface;
(2) photocrosslinking agent is passed through chemical bonding, be grafted to self assembled monolayer end;
(3) Polymer Solution is spun under lucifuge condition the surface that step (2) is formed, then dry;
(4) there is high molecular biochip to carry out ultraviolet lighting under inert gas shielding surperficial spin coating, under ultraviolet light conditions, carry out chemical bonding, make macromolecular grafted to surface, form macromolecule membrane;
Optionally, step (5) is carried out:
(5) macromolecule is carried out end-functionalization, form functional polymer film.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, step (1) is front carries out following pre-service to biochip substrate: biochip substrate cleaned up.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described biochip substrate is glass, silicon chip, quartz, dimethyl silicone polymer, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, golden film, silverskin or di-aluminium trioxide film;
Preferably, the cleaning way of described biochip substrate for carry out rinsing, shaking and wash or ultrasonic cleaning with organic solvent or deionized water, or utilizes plasma cleaning instrument to carry out surface clean, or its combination.
4. the method as described in one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, the reagent of self assembled monolayer is the mix reagent of any one or at least two kinds in single mercaptan, dithiol and silylating reagent in step (1);
Preferably, in step (1), the group of end-functionalization is alkoxy, hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, epoxy radicals or cyano group.
5. the method as described in one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, photocrosslinking agent described in step (2) is the combination of any one or at least two kinds in azirine, diazonium, acetophenone, benzophenone or Anthraquinones;
Preferably, described in make photocrosslinking agent by chemical bonding, the method being grafted to self assembled monolayer end is amidation, esterification, open loop or nucleophilic substitution.
6. the method as described in one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described macromolecule is polyglycol and derivant, fluoropolymer, polyacrylic acid, polystyrene, PLA, both sexes betaines polymkeric substance, nitrocellulose, shitosan or glucosan and derivant thereof.
7. the method as described in one of claim 1-6, is characterized in that, step (4) described inert gas is that nitrogen is or/and argon gas;
Preferably, step (4) described ultraviolet wavelength is 365nm;
Preferably, in step (5), the group of end-functionalization is hydroxyl, carboxyl, aldehyde radical, amino, epoxy radicals, cyano group, alkynyl, azido or azirine;
Preferably, photocrosslinking agent density is 1mM ~ 100mM, and macromolecule number-average molecular weight is 100,000 ~ 2,000,000, and spin coating rotating speed is 1000rpm ~ 8000rpm.
8. the functional polymer film obtained by the described method of one of claim 1-7.
9. a purposes for functional polymer film as claimed in claim 8, its fixing and high flux for biomolecule and drug molecule detects.
10. purposes as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described biomolecule is albumen, polypeptide, nucleic acid and sugar; Described drug molecule is that the pharmaceutical active compounds of chemosynthesis and Separation of Natural Products are purified the active component obtained;
Preferably, described high flux detects and comprises surface plasmon resonance imaging technique, fluorescence labeling detection technique, fluorescence intensity, fluorescence polarization, FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer), fluorescent quenching, QCM (Quartz Crystal Microbalance) technology, high-throughout electrochemical measuring technique and high-throughout hot detection technique.
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