CN104596584A - Device for in-situ real-time measurement of cobble movement in test model or natural river - Google Patents
Device for in-situ real-time measurement of cobble movement in test model or natural river Download PDFInfo
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- CN104596584A CN104596584A CN201510033804.6A CN201510033804A CN104596584A CN 104596584 A CN104596584 A CN 104596584A CN 201510033804 A CN201510033804 A CN 201510033804A CN 104596584 A CN104596584 A CN 104596584A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for in-situ real-time measurement of cobble movement in a test model or a natural river, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic measurement. The device comprises a measuring frame, an instrument bin, two video camera bins, a power supply module, a gyroscope, an ultrasonic water depth finder, LED lamps and laser lamps, wherein the instrument bin and the video camera bins are installed on the measuring frame, the power supply module is installed in the instrument bin, and the gyroscope, the ultrasonic water depth finder, the LED lamps and the laser lamps are connected with the power supply module; a video camera is installed in each video camera bin; the measuring frame is a door-shaped frame composed of a cross beam frame and supporting columns, the instrument bin is arranged in the cross beam frame of the measuring frame, and the two video camera bins are installed at the two ends of the cross beam frame of the measuring frame. The device can be used for in-situ real-time measurement of the cobble bed load, and has the important production application and popularization value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field that water conservancy measures, particularly a kind of device measuring cobble motion at test model or natural river situ in real time.
Background technology
The cobble characteristics of motion is one of most important content in sediment movement, river bed change research.
The measurement of cobble kinematic parameter is mainly the grating and silt discharge that measure cobble, and the most frequently used method adopts bed load sampler directly sampling and measuring in current, and digging pit in riverbed and arranging at model afterbody the hole survey method collecting sand pit also has employing.
Cobble motion is directly proportional to the high power of stream competence, generally occurs under the flow condition that intensity is larger, and namely cobble motion is very responsive to the change of flow condition.Fig. 1 is conventional pebble bed-load sampler structure, is formed a whole by parts such as rigid frame 01, soft net bottom 02, mouth door 03, suspension ring 04, the cobble string bag 05 and empennages 06.In the sampling process of pebble bed-load, with hawser by its sinking to River Bed, soft net bottom 02 and bed surface are affixed, and the cobble moved with water (flow) direction 07 enters sampling thief under the effect of current, and be collected in the cobble string bag 05, current then flow out from mesh.When sampling thief sinking is to river bed, can affect the flow condition of local, soft net bottom 02 is also difficult to be adjacent to bed surface, and make cobble not easily enter the string bag 05, namely sampling efficiency is lower, and early stage sampler efficiency is generally between 8% ~ 25%, and grating representativeness is poor; AYT type sampling thief mouth gate-width 300mm, the high 240mm of the development of Upper Yangtze River Hydrological Bureau, sampling efficiency can reach 48.5%.The sampling thief of the type is with collecting the increase of cobble in the cobble string bag 05 and blocking portion mesh, reduce the flow velocity of mouth door 03 gradually, make the cobble particle deceleration in advancing and the string bag more difficult to get access 05, namely the ratio regular meeting that in sampling process, cobble enters the string bag 05 reduces gradually, when particularly the sampling time is longer, impact is more obvious, narrowly the mean parameter of sampling efficiency just within the limited time.
Present stage, the also instrument and equipment of rare original position real-time monitored pebble bed-load motion, the device that particularly developing does not affect current and cobble motion has more technical difficulty, thus invents the device that a kind of original position measures cobble movement velocity, silt discharge and cobble grating in real time and has important using value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the weak point for overcoming prior art, proposing a kind of device measuring cobble motion at test model or natural river situ in real time.A kind of device measuring cobble motion at test model or natural river situ in real time that the present invention proposes, it is characterized in that, this device comprises test aircraft, the instrument bin be arranged in test aircraft, two shooting cabins, be arranged on the supply module in this instrument bin, and the gyroscope be connected with supply module respectively, ultrasonic fathometer, LED and laser lamp; Be arranged on a video camera in each shooting cabin; Wherein, test aircraft is a door glyph framework be made up of crossbeam frame and support cylinder, and instrument bin is arranged in test aircraft crossbeam frame, and two shooting cabins are arranged on the two ends of test aircraft crossbeam frame.
The feature of this device and beneficial effect
The device measuring cobble motion at test model or natural river situ in real time of the present invention, adopts the cobble particle that two video cameras synchronous high frequencies shooting bed surfaces move, and draws the movement velocity of cobble particle, domain size distribution and silt discharge through image interpretation.This device comprises test aircraft, the instrument bin be arranged in test aircraft, two shooting cabins, is arranged on the supply module in this instrument bin, and the gyroscope be connected with supply module respectively, ultrasonic fathometer, LED and laser lamp; Be arranged on a video camera of each shooting cabin; Wherein, test aircraft is a door glyph framework be made up of crossbeam frame and support cylinder, and instrument bin is arranged in the crossbeam frame of test aircraft, and two shooting cabins are arranged on the two ends of test aircraft crossbeam frame.The profile of test aircraft is door glyph framework, and upstream face is streamlined, very little on the impact of current, the door glyph framework that motion cobble is all opened wide through upstream and downstream, not by any obstruction, can keep original kinetic characteristic, thus obtain real cobble kinematic parameter.This device has important production application and promotional value, and the real-time in-situ being specially adapted to hydrometric station pebble bed-load is measured.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is existing a kind of pebble bed-load sampling thief schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is device one-piece construction of the present invention and arranges schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Fig. 2 and embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.
A kind of device measuring cobble motion at test model or natural river situ in real time of the present invention, this device comprises test aircraft, the instrument bin be arranged in test aircraft, two shooting cabins, be arranged on the supply module in this instrument bin, and the gyroscope be connected with supply module respectively, ultrasonic fathometer, LED and laser lamp; Be arranged on a video camera in each shooting cabin; Wherein, test aircraft is a door glyph framework be made up of crossbeam frame and support cylinder, and instrument bin is arranged in test aircraft crossbeam frame, and two shooting cabins are arranged on the two ends of test aircraft crossbeam frame.
Measuring principle of the present invention:
By leveling in this device sinking to riverbed, the image below two video camera sync pulse jamming test aircraft unit.The synchronous images of two sequences is pressed the space segmentation of laser lamp flash of light, there is the image of laser index point for point frame, the image coordinate of monumented point in exact matching two two field picture.In the image playing no marks point after point frame, centered by the monumented point determined, in regional area, search the coupling angle point of two two field pictures, according to the camera parameters demarcated, can calculate the three-dimensional coordinate of each angle point, interpolation draws the three-dimensional configuration of bed surface.Every section of image is processed frame by frame, the form of bed surface cobble can be drawn, calculate the characteristic parameter of cobble, as major and minor axis, representative diameter, circularity, sphericity etc.
The consecutive image of a video camera is carried out PIV and PTV to calculate, draw the speed that cobble moves.
Video camera major axis is vertical with water (flow) direction, if measure width 400mm, then 1280/400 ≈ 3Pixel/mm, the cobble particle diameter of hydrologic survey is greater than 2mm, and namely nearly 30 pixels of cobble, can analyze the form of cobble preferably.The quantity of motion cobble in the statistical unit time, can calculate grating and the silt discharge of pebble bed-load according to its diameter.
Embodiment each parts composition graphs 2 of this device further illustrates as follows:
1, test aircraft mainly comprises crossbeam frame 2, longeron 4 and support cylinder, and monnolithic case is a door glyph framework.The xsect of crossbeam 2 is strip, long along water (flow) direction, short transverse is short, and side, upstream and downstream is preferably streamlined, to reduce the impact on current.Support cylinder comprises three hollow support legs 6-1,6-2,6-3, is arranged on adjuster bar 7-1,7-2, the 7-3 in each leg and submersible machine 5-5,5-2,5-3 (can select and adopt rule product composition); The xsect of supporting leg is the strip of Parallel to the flow direction, and face, upstream and downstream is streamlined; Adjuster bar top is inserted in supporting leg, and submersible machine is arranged on adjuster bar top and is connected with adjuster bar, to drive the height regulating supporting leg, ensures test aircraft unit horizontal.Wherein, supporting leg 6-1 and 6-2 arranges perpendicular to water (flow) direction, top bearing beam 2, and three forms a door-shaped frame; Supporting leg 6-2 and 6-3 Parallel to the flow direction are arranged, support stringer 4, longeron afterbody also can add empennage 10, to keep door-shaped frame perpendicular to water (flow) direction.The top of 3 supporting legs also arranges suspension ring 1-1,1-2,1-3 of installing and being connected with suspension wirerope, with hanging wirerope by test aircraft sinking to the observation position set on surveying vessel, feed cable and signal transmssion line cause instrument bin 2 and shooting cabin 3-1,3-2 along hanging wirerope.The suspension wirerope of the present embodiment adopts stainless steel aircraft cable, diameter 6mm, 6 strands × 19, rupture pull force 20KN; Feed cable and signal transmssion line are bought in market as required.
The interior bulk of the crossbeam frame of test aircraft is wide 600mm, high 540mm, be greater than the interior empty size of bed load sampler, traction load particle wears the door-shaped frame of test aircraft and mistake, upstream and downstream is opened wide, sampling is not subject to the impact in space, not by the control of time, can observes the motion state of traction load particle truly; Supporting leg and adjuster bar meet water within the width of stream interface can be controlled in 30mm, substantially can not affect the kinetic characteristic that flows the defeated cobble particle moved downstream and have enough anchorage forces.The gravity energy of overall test aircraft ensures the impulsive force of resisting current, keeps single unit system to stablize.Longeron 4 stainless steel processing, it act as following current and extends connection supporting leg 7-3, forms triangular support and keep the stable of single unit system with door-shaped frame.
2, instrument bin is fixed in crossbeam frame 2, and instrument warehouse is the closure casing with good sealing, under large hydraulic condition, ensure each electronic components dry.Install gyroscope BE, ultrasonic fathometer AW, LED and laser lamp LA, supply module DV in instrument bin, supply module DV is connected with the power supply on surveying vessel by feed cable, for each instrument is powered.
The gyroscope BE of the present embodiment adopts " IMU AHRS electronic compass top compass nine axle sensor gyroscope ", subsidiary temperature sensor, automatically the attitude of test aircraft can be measured, gyrostatic USB port is by the computer communication on signal transmssion line and surveying vessel, if out-of-level after test aircraft sinking to bed surface, the submersible machine that then computerizeds control drives adjuster bar lifting, ensures that test aircraft is in horizontality.
The ultrasonic fathometer AW of the present embodiment selects the DYA-15-50D product of An Buleila robotization Science and Technology Ltd., by the computer communication on signal transmssion line and surveying vessel, for measuring the degree of depth of test aircraft to the water surface, the elevation of riverbed surface can be inquired into from water surface water level.
Apparatus of the present invention feed cable supplies power to the supply module DV in instrument bin, the supply module DV of the present embodiment adopts conventional electrical components and parts to assemble as required, export DC voltage 6 ~ 48 volts of multichannels adjustable, powered respectively by this module according to the voltage of various instrument and power.
The LED of the present embodiment selects WPL200V5A type, the high-power LED lamp of power 1000W, for continuing the bed surface illuminating scope to be measured, is convenient to the image of high-speed camera CA1, CA2 shooting clear; If current are muddy, suitably should reduce the height of framework platform, strengthen the brightness of bed surface, but framework lower than 240mm (height of bed load sampler mouth door), otherwise should not can affect the kinetic characteristic of cobble particle.
The power of the laser lamp LA of the present embodiment is 1W, and flash of light is controlled by main control computer interval time, is set to 0.25 second.Select the new 520nm-OEM-1W laser instrument that Beijing Lei Zhiwei photoelectricity technology corporation, Ltd. produces, wavelength 520nm, power 1W.When carrying out coordinate matching to the synchronous picture of two video camera CA1, CA2 shootings, need the angle point determining each same position, because the shooting angle of two video cameras CA1, CA2 is different, the accurate search of angle point can be affected, laser lamp LA is adopted intermittently to launch the mark point of queueing discipline, the monumented point of the region superposition high brightness that LED illuminates on bed surface.
Instrument bin immediately below LED and laser lamp LA is provided with tempered glass hermetyic window, makes light illuminate bed surface downwards.
3, the shooting cabin 3-1 of the present embodiment and 3-2 aluminium alloy are processed, and shape is elliposoidal closure casing, and the major axis 300mm of Parallel to the flow direction, the minor axis 120mm of Transverse to the flow direction, be erected at the two ends of crossbeam 2 respectively.Each installation video camera CA1, a CA2 in two shooting cabins 3-1,3-2, two camera tilt are installed in opposite directions, make both bed surface scopes of shooting substantially identical, to observe the motion of bed surface traction load particle P, the housing before camera lens is provided with tempered glass hermetyic window.
Video camera CA1, CA2 of the present embodiment adopt IDT-NX3S3 type video camera CA1 and CA2, CMOS chip resolution 1280 × 1024 pixel, silent frame sample frequency 2500Hz, light sensitivity 6000ISO, physical dimension 63.5 × 63.5 × 68.6mm, this video camera carries synchro control interface, the sync cap of two video cameras is connected, can realize synchronized sampling.Join Canon FEF-S 22mm f/2.0STM camera lens, physical dimension Φ 60.9.2 × 23.7mm.The capacity 32G of video camera memory card, a two field picture accounts for 1.28M, and once sampling can store 25000 width images, if sample frequency is 200Hz, a sample energy continuous collecting 125S, gathers 10 samples at a measuring point, and efficiently sampling lasts about 20 minutes.
This device can match corresponding large aperture camera lens according to the size of visual field and distance, and synchronous high frequency takes the image of bed surface continuously, comprises the transient images of consecutive image that LED illuminates and the high brightness monumented point that separated in time laser lamp LA illuminates.The image gathered is temporarily stored in the memory card of video camera CA1, CA2, after being filled with memory card, stop shooting, by the jumbo storage facilities of main frame on image transmitting to surveying vessel, the internal memory emptying video camera CA1, CA2, again samples.According to testing conditions and hydrologic and silt situation, the duration of sampling is 10 ~ 30 minutes.The bed surface scope that two camera reviews cover and test aircraft are relevant from the camera lens of the height of bed surface, apolegamy.The setting of corresponding the present embodiment, the scope that image covers is roughly along water (flow) direction 400mm, is parallel to crossbeam direction 300mm.
The use procedure of apparatus of the present invention is described as follows:
Main control computer is placed on surveying vessel, realizes measuring and controlling to all kinds of instrument and equipment by data line.Stop steadily when surveying vessel arrives selected measuring point, with windlass by test aircraft unit sinking on riverbed, the door-shaped frame of upstream face is vertical with water (flow) direction 9 under the guiding of empennage 10, and guarantee motion cobble Parallel to the flow direction passes through measured zone.
Total system has built the geometric position of rear Accurate Measurement two video cameras CA1, CA2, as the parameter such as focal length, angle of inclination, centre distance of video camera.Test aircraft is placed in water, place in tested region and demarcate gridiron pattern, measure the coupling parameter of two video cameras, as mutual angle, proportionate relationship etc. as plane and CMOS chip size, set up two camera review coordinates and the parameter matrix of actual measurement landform three-dimensional coordinate, namely can be used for the measurement of Bed Load Movement particle on riverbed.
Open submersible machine 5-1,5-2 or 5-3 respectively, the length of lifting regulating rod 7-1,7-2 or 7-3 according to the deflection that gyroscope BE shows, make test aircraft unit horizontal, close submersible machine 5, and by the auto-lock function stable regulation bar 7 of submersible machine 5.Open fathometer, gage frame platform is apart from the degree of depth of the water surface, and the water level according to measuring position calculates bed elevation.Open LED and laser lamp LA, LED continues illumination, and laser lamp LA interval 0.25 second is instantaneous to be illuminated once.Two synchronous continuously shot images of video camera CA1, CA2, according to memory card capacity, image size and sample frequency calculating sampling time span, the sampling time is controlled by the main control computer on surveying vessel, shooting is stopped after once gathering full memory card, by the image of video camera internal memory by data line transfer to main control computer, and be stored in pre-set sample file name; Empty video camera internal memory, continue sampling.Gather multiple sample according to the actual requirements at a measurement point, after completing collection, carry out image procossing, draw the data such as Shoal bar, movement velocity, cobble grating and silt discharge.
Claims (8)
1. measure the device of cobble motion in real time at test model or natural river situ for one kind, it is characterized in that, this device comprises test aircraft, the instrument bin be arranged in test aircraft, two shooting cabins, be arranged on the supply module in this instrument bin, and the gyroscope be connected with supply module respectively, ultrasonic fathometer, LED and laser lamp; Be arranged on a video camera in each shooting cabin; Wherein, test aircraft is a door glyph framework be made up of crossbeam frame and support cylinder, and instrument bin is arranged in the crossbeam frame of test aircraft, and two shooting cabins are arranged on the two ends of test aircraft crossbeam frame.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described test aircraft mainly comprises crossbeam frame, longeron and support cylinder, and monnolithic case is a door glyph framework; The xsect of crossbeam is strip, and side, upstream and downstream is streamlined, to reduce the impact of current; Support cylinder comprises three hollow support legs, is arranged on the adjuster bar in each leg and submersible machine; The xsect of supporting leg is the strip of Parallel to the flow direction, and face, upstream and downstream is streamlined; Adjuster bar top is inserted in supporting leg, and submersible machine is arranged on adjuster bar top and is connected with adjustment, to drive the height regulating supporting leg, ensures test aircraft unit horizontal; Wherein, first, second supporting leg is arranged perpendicular to water (flow) direction, top bearing beam frame, and three forms a door-shaped frame; Second, third supporting leg Parallel to the flow direction is arranged, support stringer, and longeron afterbody also arranges empennage, to keep door-shaped frame perpendicular to water (flow) direction; The top of 3 supporting legs also arranges the suspension ring installed and be connected with suspension wirerope.
3. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described instrument bin is fixed in crossbeam frame, and instrument warehouse is the closure casing with good sealing, instrument bin immediately below LED and laser lamp LA is provided with tempered glass hermetyic window, makes light illuminate bed surface downwards; In instrument bin, supply module is connected with the power supply on surveying vessel by feed cable, and it is adjustable that supply module DV exports DC voltage 6 ~ 48 volts of multichannels, for each instrument is powered.
4. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described LED selects the high-power LED lamp of WPL200V5A type, for continuing the bed surface illuminating scope to be measured, is convenient to the image of high-speed camera CA1, CA2 shooting clear.
5. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the power of described laser lamp is 1W, and flash of light interval time is 0.25 second, intermittently launches the mark point of queueing discipline, the monumented point of the region superposition high brightness that LED illuminates on bed surface.
6. device as described in claim 1,2,3,4 or 5, is characterized in that, the instrument bin immediately below described LED and laser lamp LA is provided with tempered glass hermetyic window, makes light illuminate bed surface downwards.
7. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, two described shooting cabin shapes are elliposoidal closure casing, and Parallel to the flow direction is major axis, and Transverse to the flow direction is minor axis, is erected at the two ends of crossbeam frame 2 respectively; Each installation video camera in two shooting cabins, two camera tilt are installed in opposite directions, and make both bed surface scopes of shooting substantially identical, to observe the motion of bed surface traction load particle P, the housing before camera lens is provided with tempered glass hermetyic window.
8. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described video camera adopts IDT-NX3S3 type video camera, CMOS chip resolution 1280 × 1024 pixel, silent frame sample frequency 2500Hz, light sensitivity 6000ISO, the sync cap carried by two video cameras connects, and realizes synchronized sampling.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510033804.6A CN104596584B (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Device for in-situ real-time measurement of cobble movement in test model or natural river |
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| CN201510033804.6A CN104596584B (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Device for in-situ real-time measurement of cobble movement in test model or natural river |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112903552A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-04 | 南京宥安传感科技有限公司 | Device and method for measuring sand and mud content of water measuring weir |
| CN114061902A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-18 | 重庆交通大学 | Real-time monitoring device, method and system for egg and gravel transportation based on image method |
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