CN104595967A - Heating device of solar water heater with discrete-type heat pipes - Google Patents
Heating device of solar water heater with discrete-type heat pipes Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种离散式热管太阳能热水器的供暖装置，包括太阳能集热器和储热水箱，所述太阳能集热器的热量传输至储热水箱中储存，所述储热水箱内部设有冷热交换器，冷空气经冷热交换器换热成热空气用于室内供暖。本发明相对于现有太阳能热水器和家用供暖设备，具有制热快，供暖效果好，在安装和使用过程中安全可靠，智能化程度高，耗电量小和无污染等优点。采用分离热管技术，保证了系统热效率高，同时解决了太阳能集热器和系统管路的防冻问题。
The invention discloses a heating device for a discrete heat pipe solar water heater, which comprises a solar heat collector and a hot water storage tank. The heat of the solar heat collector is transferred to the hot water storage tank for storage. A cold and heat exchanger is provided, and the cold air is exchanged into hot air through the cold and heat exchanger for indoor heating. Compared with existing solar water heaters and household heating equipment, the present invention has the advantages of fast heating, good heating effect, safety and reliability during installation and use, high intelligence, low power consumption and no pollution. The use of separated heat pipe technology ensures high thermal efficiency of the system, and at the same time solves the antifreeze problem of solar collectors and system pipelines.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于太阳能利用领域，尤其涉及离散式热管平板太阳能热水器的供暖装置。The invention belongs to the field of solar energy utilization, in particular to a heating device for a discrete heat pipe flat solar water heater.
背景技术Background technique
随着社会的发展，人们的物质文化生活水平得到了显著的提高，太阳能热水器作为一种改善人民生活条件的家用供热供暖设备，无论在城市还是农村都得到了广泛的应用。科学家说认识新能源和正确地运用能源，就意味着认识通往未来的路。目前资源与能源问题日益严重，在保证舒适、健康要求的同时，如何有效且合理分配，利用资源，减少常规能源消耗成为人们不得不面对的问题；近年来国内市场经济飞速发展、企业、行业的产品结构在不断变化，市场竞争激烈，受市场供求关系的影响，中国太阳能热水器行业发展迅速，现今市场上太阳能热水器其容量巨大，主要有平板太阳能热水器和真空管型太阳能热水器；普通平板型太阳能热水器没有防冻功能，不适用于北方；而真空管型太阳能热水器虽然适用于北方，但由于真空管易炸裂，因此维修率高；另外现有市场的太阳能热水器，大多数都是提供日常洗涤用水和洗浴用水，没有供暖系统更没有室内换气功能。本发明的系统设计有室内供暖和换气装置，还能够让楼房的低层用户在使用热水时，出热水时间缓慢，增加了生活用水的浪费现象。With the development of society, people's material and cultural living standards have been significantly improved. Solar water heaters, as a household heating and heating equipment to improve people's living conditions, have been widely used in both urban and rural areas. Scientists say that knowing new energy sources and using them correctly means knowing the way to the future. At present, the problem of resources and energy is becoming more and more serious. How to effectively and rationally allocate and utilize resources and reduce conventional energy consumption while ensuring comfort and health requirements has become a problem that people have to face; in recent years, the domestic market economy has developed rapidly, enterprises, industries The product structure is constantly changing, and the market competition is fierce. Affected by the relationship between market supply and demand, China's solar water heater industry has developed rapidly. Today's solar water heaters on the market have huge capacity, mainly including flat-plate solar water heaters and vacuum tube solar water heaters; ordinary flat-plate solar water heaters There is no antifreeze function, so it is not suitable for the north; while the vacuum tube solar water heater is suitable for the north, but because the vacuum tube is easy to burst, the maintenance rate is high; in addition, most of the solar water heaters in the existing market provide daily washing water and bathing water. There is no heating system and no indoor ventilation function. The system of the present invention is designed with indoor heating and ventilation devices, and can also make the hot water flow time slow for low-level users of buildings when using hot water, which increases the waste of domestic water.
发明内容Contents of the invention
发明目的：为了克服现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供一种离散式热管平板太阳能热水器的供暖装置，具有制热快，供暖效果好，在安装和使用过程中安全可靠，智能化程度高，耗电量小和无污染等优点。Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a heating device for a discrete heat pipe flat solar water heater, which has the advantages of fast heating, good heating effect, safety and reliability during installation and use, and a high degree of intelligence , low power consumption and no pollution.
技术方案：为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：Technical scheme: in order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种离散式热管太阳能热水器的供暖装置，包括平板太阳能集热器和储热水箱，所述平板太阳能集热器设在室外，所述储热水箱设在室内，储热水箱连有储热水箱出水管，且储热水箱内部设有螺旋管式冷凝器；所述平板太阳能集热器内的热管蒸发端，通过蒸汽输出管将热介质传输至螺旋管式冷凝器，螺旋管式冷凝器中的热介质放热冷凝成液态加热储热水箱中的冷水，再通过冷凝液回流管回流至平板太阳能集热器，实现远程传热；所述螺旋管式冷凝器内部设有冷热交换器，冷空气经冷热交换器换热成热空气用于室内供暖。A heating device for a discrete heat pipe solar water heater, comprising a flat solar heat collector and a hot water storage tank, the flat solar heat collector is arranged outdoors, the hot water storage tank is arranged indoors, and the hot water storage tank is connected with The water outlet pipe of the hot water storage tank, and the inside of the hot water storage tank is equipped with a spiral tube condenser; the heat pipe evaporation end in the flat solar collector transmits the heat medium to the spiral tube condenser through the steam output pipe, and the spiral tube condenser The heat medium in the tube condenser releases heat and condenses into a liquid state to heat the cold water in the hot water storage tank, and then flows back to the flat solar collector through the condensate return pipe to realize remote heat transfer; the internal design of the spiral tube condenser There is a cold heat exchanger, and the cold air is exchanged into hot air through the cold heat exchanger for indoor heating.
进一步的，所述平板太阳能集热器包括平板太阳能集热器框架、分离式热管管排、集热器吸热板芯、集热器背板、保温板和透明盖板，所述分离式热管管排和集热器吸热板芯一体设置构成蒸发器，所述蒸发器背面设置集热器背板，在集热器背板背面设置保温板，所述蒸发器四周设置有平板太阳能集热器框架，所述蒸发器上盖设透明盖板；所述蒸发器的分离式热管管排的两头分别由蒸汽输出管和冷凝液回流管连接。Further, the flat solar collector includes a flat solar collector frame, a separated heat pipe row, a heat absorbing plate core of a heat collector, a back plate of a heat collector, an insulation board and a transparent cover plate, and the separated heat pipe The tube row and the heat-absorbing plate core of the heat collector are integrated to form an evaporator. The back of the evaporator is provided with a back plate of the heat collector, and an insulation board is arranged on the back of the back plate of the heat collector. The evaporator is covered with a transparent cover plate; the two ends of the separated heat pipe row of the evaporator are respectively connected by a steam output pipe and a condensate return pipe.
进一步的，所述分离式热管管排中设有集热器温度传感器，所述集热器温度传感器的信号输出端与智能开关的信号输出端连接，所述智能开关的信号输出端与流量控制阀的信号输出端连接，所述流量控制阀控制冷凝液回流管的回流量。Further, the separated heat pipe row is provided with a heat collector temperature sensor, the signal output end of the heat collector temperature sensor is connected to the signal output end of the intelligent switch, and the signal output end of the intelligent switch is connected to the flow control The signal output end of the valve is connected, and the flow control valve controls the return flow of the condensate return pipe.
进一步的，所述储热水箱由内至外依次包括内胆、螺旋管冷凝器、储热箱外壳，所述螺旋管冷凝器缠绕设置在内胆的外壁上，所述内胆与储热箱外壳之间填充保温材料。Further, the hot water storage tank includes an inner tank, a spiral tube condenser, and a heat storage tank shell from the inside to the outside, the spiral tube condenser is wound on the outer wall of the inner tank, and the inner tank and the heat storage tank The insulation material is filled between the box shells.
进一步的，所述螺旋管冷凝器采用薄形紫铜管制成，所述内胆外壁设有螺旋管式弧形凹槽，所述螺旋管冷凝器嵌设在弧形凹槽内。Further, the spiral tube condenser is made of a thin copper tube, and the outer wall of the liner is provided with a spiral tube type arc-shaped groove, and the spiral tube condenser is embedded in the arc-shaped groove.
进一步的，所述冷热交换器上下贯穿内胆设置在储热水箱内，所述冷热交换器进气端与进气扇管道连接，所述进气扇管道与设置在室内的进气扇连接，所述冷热交换器出气端与出气扇管道连接，所述出气扇管道与设置在室内的出气扇连接。Further, the cold heat exchanger is arranged in the hot water storage tank through the inner tank up and down, the air inlet end of the cold heat exchanger is connected to the air intake fan pipe, and the air intake fan pipe is connected to the air intake fan installed in the room. The air outlet end of the cold and heat exchanger is connected to the air outlet fan pipe, and the air outlet fan pipe is connected to the air outlet fan arranged in the room.
进一步的，所述冷热交换器进气端与管道换向阀出气端连接，所述管道换向阀进气端包括两个，分别为室外空气进气端和室内空气进气端，所述室外空气进气端和室内空气进气端分别与换气扇管道和进气扇管道连接；定时器的信号输出端与管道换向阀的信号输入端连接，切换室外空气进气端和室内空气进气端开闭状态。Further, the air inlet end of the cold and heat exchanger is connected to the air outlet end of the pipe reversing valve, and the air inlet end of the pipe reversing valve includes two, which are respectively an outdoor air inlet end and an indoor air inlet end. The outdoor air intake end and the indoor air intake end are respectively connected to the ventilation fan pipe and the intake fan pipe; the signal output end of the timer is connected to the signal input end of the pipe reversing valve, and the outdoor air intake end and the indoor air intake end are switched. End open state.
进一步的，所述分离式热管管排的蒸汽输出管与气液分离器进口端连接，所述气液分离器的包括两个出口端，分别为蒸汽出口端和液化水出口端，所述蒸汽出口端与螺旋管冷凝器的进口端连接，所述螺旋管冷凝器的冷凝液出口端与液化水出口端汇流至积液杯后，再经过流量控制阀回流至分离式热管管排的冷凝液回流管。流量控制阀安装在积液杯与蒸发器之间，其能够保证储热水箱水位不过高，保证系统安全，防止烫伤，还能保证平板太阳能集热器的蒸发器不在超高压下运行。Further, the steam output pipe of the separated heat pipe row is connected to the inlet port of the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator includes two outlet ports, which are respectively the steam outlet port and the liquefied water outlet port, and the steam The outlet end is connected to the inlet end of the spiral tube condenser, and the condensate outlet end of the spiral tube condenser and the liquefied water outlet end converge to the liquid accumulation cup, and then flow back to the condensate of the separated heat pipe row through the flow control valve Return tube. The flow control valve is installed between the liquid collection cup and the evaporator, which can ensure that the water level of the hot water storage tank is not too high, ensure the safety of the system, prevent scalding, and also ensure that the evaporator of the flat solar collector does not operate under ultra-high pressure.
进一步的，所述内胆内设置陶瓷加热棒、加热棒温度传感器，所述加热棒温度传感器的信号输出端与加热棒温控开关的信号输入端连接，所述加热棒温控开关的信号输出端与陶瓷加热棒的信号输入端连接；Further, a ceramic heating rod and a heating rod temperature sensor are set in the inner tank, the signal output end of the heating rod temperature sensor is connected to the signal input end of the heating rod temperature control switch, and the signal output of the heating rod temperature control switch is The terminal is connected to the signal input terminal of the ceramic heating rod;
还包括电子时钟，所述电子时钟的信号输出端与陶瓷加热棒的信号输入端连接。An electronic clock is also included, and the signal output end of the electronic clock is connected with the signal input end of the ceramic heating rod.
进一步的，所述螺旋管冷凝器的安装位置高于蒸发器的安装位置。Further, the installation position of the spiral tube condenser is higher than that of the evaporator.
有益效果：本发明具备以下优点：Beneficial effect: the present invention has the following advantages:
1.本发明采用分离式热管和太阳能吸热板芯提高系统的集热能力，利用物质的相变来提高热管热能的能量，利用传热学和流体力学原理将储热水箱的内胆制作成凹形螺旋管槽，内胆的凹形螺旋管槽与冷凝器螺旋管的外壁相吻合，扩大了传热接触面积，这样能有效保持系统传热换热的稳定性。1. The present invention adopts separate heat pipes and solar heat absorbing plate cores to improve the heat collection capacity of the system, utilizes the phase change of substances to increase the heat energy of the heat pipes, and uses the principles of heat transfer and fluid mechanics to make the inner tank of the hot water storage tank Concave spiral pipe groove is formed, and the concave spiral pipe groove of the inner tank coincides with the outer wall of the condenser spiral pipe, which expands the heat transfer contact area, which can effectively maintain the stability of the heat transfer and heat exchange of the system.
2.采用分离热管技术，将平板太阳能集热器与储热水箱分离开来，平板太阳能集热器与储热水箱之间采用热介质和冷凝回流形成集热循环管路，防冻问题得以解决。平板太阳能集热器是整个集热传热系统的重要部分，系统在初始状态时，分离式热管管排启动前，在蒸发器内部通道注满制冷剂，这时蒸发器内制冷剂的压力和温度为环境温度下制冷剂的饱和压力和饱和温度；随着集热器吸热板芯吸收太阳辐射能量，集热器吸热板芯温度上升，内部通道内制冷剂开始蒸发，压力和温度开始上升。所述流量控制阀控制冷凝液的回流量，流量控制阀安装在积液杯与蒸发器之间，其能够保证储热水箱水温不过高，保证系统安全，防止烫伤，还能保证平板太阳能集热器的蒸发器不在超高压下运行。当储热水箱内热水温度达到目标温度后，通过调整流量控制阀来切断热量的传输；流量控制阀的调整或关闭能够有效避免系统出现过高压力，如果不停止对蒸发器的供液，在阳光充足的情况下，会使得整个系统压力过高。通过集热器温度传感器控制流量控制阀的工作状态，采用流量控制阀控制冷凝液回流量，保证系统的安全性。2. Using the separated heat pipe technology, the flat solar collector and the hot water storage tank are separated, and the thermal medium and condensed backflow are used between the flat solar collector and the hot water storage tank to form a heat collection circulation pipeline, and the antifreeze problem can be solved solve. The flat-plate solar collector is an important part of the entire heat collection and heat transfer system. In the initial state of the system, before the start of the separate heat pipe row, the internal channel of the evaporator is filled with refrigerant. At this time, the pressure of the refrigerant in the evaporator and The temperature is the saturation pressure and saturation temperature of the refrigerant at the ambient temperature; as the heat absorbing plate core of the collector absorbs solar radiation energy, the temperature of the heat absorbing plate core of the collector rises, and the refrigerant in the internal channel begins to evaporate, and the pressure and temperature begin to rise. The flow control valve controls the return flow of condensate, and the flow control valve is installed between the liquid accumulation cup and the evaporator, which can ensure that the water temperature of the hot water storage tank is not too high, ensure the safety of the system, prevent burns, and ensure that the flat solar collector The evaporator of the heater does not operate at ultra-high pressure. When the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank reaches the target temperature, the flow control valve is adjusted to cut off the heat transmission; the adjustment or closure of the flow control valve can effectively avoid excessive pressure in the system, if the liquid supply to the evaporator is not stopped , in sunny conditions, will make the whole system too high pressure. The working state of the flow control valve is controlled by the collector temperature sensor, and the return flow of condensate is controlled by the flow control valve to ensure the safety of the system.
3.本发明采用冷热交换器和气流循环装置提高了系统的换热效率，充分利用太阳能资源实现室内供暖；现有市场的太阳能热水器，大多数都是提供日常洗涤用水和洗浴用水，没有供暖系统更没有室内换气功能。本发明的系统设计有室内供暖和换气功能，现有真空管集热器与传热水箱的连在一起，防冻性能不理想，在寒冷地区有爆管现象，普通平板太阳能没有防冻功能，分离热管太阳能防冻能力强，蒸发器采用工质的相变传热，液体工质不充满整个管子，遇冻时有一定的膨胀空间，加之可以采用防冻工质的热管制作集热器，其抗冻能力尤其为突出。由于采用了分离式热管实现热介质循环和螺旋管式冷凝器放热达到远程传热；因此平板太阳能集热器与储热水箱的布置可以非常灵活方便，平板太阳能集热器既可以布置在窗台、阳台向阳的地方，甚至可以采用壁挂式；同样储热水箱也可以布置在浴室也可以布置在厨房，这样为低层用户太阳能热水器的使用提供了方便，比安装在多层楼顶的太阳能热水器出热水时间快，减少生活用水的浪费现象，这样既可以保证生活用热水及时，又能彻底解决管路的冻裂和结问题。3. The present invention improves the heat exchange efficiency of the system by adopting the cold and heat exchanger and the air circulation device, and makes full use of solar energy resources to realize indoor heating; most of the solar water heaters in the existing market provide daily washing water and bathing water, without heating The system has no indoor ventilation function. The system of the present invention is designed with indoor heating and ventilation functions. The existing vacuum tube heat collector and heat transfer tank are connected together, and the antifreeze performance is not ideal. In cold regions, there is a phenomenon of tube bursting. Ordinary flat-panel solar energy has no antifreeze function, and the heat pipe is separated. Solar energy has strong antifreeze ability. The evaporator uses the phase change of working fluid to transfer heat. The liquid working medium does not fill the whole tube, and there is a certain expansion space when it is frozen. In addition, the heat pipe of antifreezing working medium can be used to make the heat collector. Especially prominent. Due to the use of separate heat pipes to realize heat medium circulation and spiral tube condenser heat release to achieve remote heat transfer; therefore, the arrangement of flat solar collectors and hot water storage tanks can be very flexible and convenient, and flat solar collectors can be arranged in both Windowsills and balconies facing the sun can even be wall-mounted; similarly, the hot water storage tank can also be arranged in the bathroom or in the kitchen, which provides convenience for the use of solar water heaters for low-level users, which is better than solar water heaters installed on multi-storey roofs. The water heater has a fast hot water output time and reduces the waste of domestic water, which can not only ensure the timely use of domestic hot water, but also completely solve the problem of freezing cracks and knots in the pipeline.
平板太阳能集热器是整个集热传热系统的重要部分，系统在初始状态时，分离式热管管排启动前，在蒸发器内部通道注满制冷剂，这时蒸发室内制冷剂的压力和温度为环境温度下制冷剂的饱和压力和饱和温度；随着集热器吸热板芯吸收太阳辐射能量，集热器吸热板芯温度上升，内部通道内制冷剂开始蒸发，压力和温度开始上升。工作介质在分离式热管管排内的蒸发形成为满液式蒸发，一方面满液式蒸发有效提升了分离式热管管排蒸发端的换热效率，使得分离式热管管排的热传输效率得到了较大的提升；另一方面蒸发均匀充分，保证了整个集热器吸热板芯表面温度均匀。The flat-plate solar collector is an important part of the entire heat collection and heat transfer system. In the initial state of the system, before the start of the separated heat pipe row, the internal channel of the evaporator is filled with refrigerant. At this time, the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporation room is the saturation pressure and saturation temperature of the refrigerant at ambient temperature; as the heat absorbing plate core of the collector absorbs solar radiation energy, the temperature of the heat absorbing plate core of the collector rises, and the refrigerant in the internal channel begins to evaporate, and the pressure and temperature begin to rise . The evaporation of the working medium in the separated heat pipe row forms flooded evaporation. On the one hand, the flooded evaporation effectively improves the heat transfer efficiency at the evaporation end of the separated heat pipe row, which improves the heat transfer efficiency of the separated heat pipe row. Larger improvement; on the other hand, the evaporation is uniform and sufficient, which ensures that the surface temperature of the heat absorbing plate core of the entire collector is uniform.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图1为本发明的结构示意图。Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
附图2为太阳能集热器的内部结构示意图。Accompanying drawing 2 is the internal structure schematic diagram of solar heat collector.
附图3为储热水箱的内部结构示意图。Accompanying drawing 3 is the internal structure diagram of hot water storage tank.
附图4为内胆的结构示意图。Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural representation of liner.
附图5为本发明主要装置安装分布图。Accompanying drawing 5 is the installation distribution diagram of main device of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明作更进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示为一种离散式热管平板太阳能热水器的供暖装置，包括平板太阳能集热器1和储热水箱5，所述平板太阳能集热器1设在室外，所述储热水箱5设在室内储热水箱5连有储热水箱出水管14，提供洗浴用水；所述太阳能集热器1的热量传输至储热水箱5中储存，所述储热水箱5内部设有螺旋管式冷凝器10，螺旋管式冷凝器10内部设有冷热交换器21，冷空气经冷热交换器21换热成热空气用于室内供暖。在正常工况下，平板太阳能集热器1通过蒸汽输出管将热介质输送到储热水箱5中，进入到储热水箱5的热介质放热冷凝成液态，回流至平板太阳能集热器1，实现远程传热。储热水箱5中被加热后的热水通过储热水箱出水管14提供日常洗浴用水时，较现有太阳能热水器而言出热水的时间快，大幅度减少生活用水的浪费现象。As shown in Figure 1, it is a heating device of a discrete heat pipe flat solar water heater, comprising a flat solar heat collector 1 and a hot water storage tank 5, the flat solar heat collector 1 being located outdoors, and the hot water storage tank 5. The indoor hot water storage tank 5 is connected with the hot water storage tank outlet pipe 14 to provide bath water; A spiral tube condenser 10 is provided, and a cold heat exchanger 21 is arranged inside the spiral tube condenser 10, and the cold air is exchanged by the cold heat exchanger 21 into hot air for indoor heating. Under normal working conditions, the flat-panel solar collector 1 transports the heat medium to the hot water storage tank 5 through the steam output pipe, and the heat medium entering the hot water storage tank 5 releases heat and condenses into a liquid state, and flows back to the flat-panel solar heat collector. device 1 to realize remote heat transfer. When the heated hot water in the hot water storage tank 5 provides daily bathing water through the hot water storage tank outlet pipe 14, the time of hot water output is faster than that of the existing solar water heater, which greatly reduces the waste of domestic water.
现有真空管集热器与传热水箱的连在一起，防冻性能不理想，在寒冷地区有爆管现象，普通平板太阳能没有防冻功能。分离式热管管排的太阳能防冻能力强，平板太阳能集热器采用工质的相变传热，液体工质不充满整个管子，遇冻时有一定的膨胀空间，加之可以采用防冻工质的热管制作集热器，其抗冻能力尤其为突出。The existing vacuum tube heat collector and heat transfer tank are connected together, the antifreeze performance is not ideal, and there is a tube burst phenomenon in cold regions, and ordinary flat-panel solar energy has no antifreeze function. The solar energy antifreeze ability of the separated heat pipe row is strong. The flat solar collector adopts the phase change heat transfer of the working medium. The liquid working medium does not fill the whole tube, and there is a certain expansion space when it is frozen. In addition, the heat pipe of the antifreezing working medium can be used. Its antifreeze ability is particularly outstanding for making heat collectors.
由于本发明采用了分离式热管管排实现热介质循环和螺旋管式冷凝器放热达到远程传热；因此平板太阳能集热器1与储热水箱5的布置可以非常灵活方便，平板太阳能集热器1既可以布置在窗台、阳台向阳的地方，甚至可以采用壁挂式；同样储热水箱5也可以布置在浴室也可以布置在厨房，这样为低层用户太阳能热水器的使用提供了方便，比安装在多层楼顶的太阳能热水器出热水时间快，减少生活用热水的浪费现象，这样既可以保证生活用热水及时，又能彻底解决管路的冻裂和结问题。Because the present invention adopts the separate heat pipe row to realize the heat medium circulation and the heat release of the spiral tube condenser to achieve remote heat transfer; therefore, the arrangement of the flat solar heat collector 1 and the hot water storage tank 5 can be very flexible and convenient, and the flat solar collector The heater 1 can be arranged on the window sill, the sunny place of the balcony, or even can be wall-mounted; the same hot water storage tank 5 can also be arranged in the bathroom or in the kitchen, which provides convenience for the use of solar water heaters for low-level users. The solar water heater installed on the roof of multi-storey buildings has a fast hot water output time and reduces the waste of domestic hot water. This can not only ensure timely domestic hot water, but also completely solve the problem of freezing cracks and knots in pipelines.
所述平板太阳能集热器1包括平板太阳能集热器框架27、分离式热管管排2、集热器吸热板芯3、集热器背板29、保温板34和透明盖板9，所述分离式热管管排2和集热器吸热板芯3一体设置构成蒸发器4，并在其表面表面涂有太阳能选择性吸热涂层。所述蒸发器4背面设置集热器背板29，在集热器背板29背面设置保温板34，所述蒸发器4四周设置有平板太阳能集热器框架27，所述蒸发器4上盖设透明盖板9。The flat solar heat collector 1 comprises a flat solar heat collector frame 27, a separate heat pipe row 2, a heat collector heat absorbing plate core 3, a heat collector back plate 29, an insulation board 34 and a transparent cover plate 9. The separated heat pipe row 2 and the heat absorbing plate core 3 of the heat collector are integrally arranged to form an evaporator 4, and a solar selective heat absorbing coating is coated on its surface. The heat collector back plate 29 is arranged on the back side of the evaporator 4, and the thermal insulation board 34 is set on the back side of the heat collector back plate 29, and a flat solar collector frame 27 is arranged around the evaporator 4, and the evaporator 4 upper Set transparent cover plate 9.
所述分离式热管管排2中设有集热器温度传感器6，所述集热器温度传感器6的信号输出端与智能开关7的信号输出端连接，所述智能开关7的信号输出端与流量控制阀8的信号输出端连接，所述流量控制阀8控制平板太阳能集热器1热量输出量。所述流量控制阀8的流量设定值包括有小中大三个流量读数，所述智能开关7控制流量阀8的工作状态，集热器温度传感器6的测量端伸入至分离式热管管排2中的流道中，测得蒸发器4内温度低于或高于某一设定值时，并将该信号传递到智能开关7，通过调整流量控制阀8，调节的热量输出量，保证系统的安全性。在正常工况下随着储热水箱5内冷水在热源不断输入的情况下，温度不断升高，整个储热水箱5内工作压力和工作温度也不断升高以适应新的工况下动力学和热力学平衡，这时，平板太阳能集热器1中的工作压力和工作温度也会不断升高，直到储热水箱5内被加热冷水温度达到设定温度，通过智能开关7和流量控制阀8来切断冷凝液的回流。蒸发器4中残留的工质会继续蒸发，上升至螺旋管式冷凝器10冷凝，直到全部干枯形成过热蒸汽。The separated heat pipe row 2 is provided with a heat collector temperature sensor 6, the signal output end of the heat collector temperature sensor 6 is connected with the signal output end of the intelligent switch 7, and the signal output end of the intelligent switch 7 is connected with the signal output end of the intelligent switch 7. The signal output end of the flow control valve 8 is connected, and the flow control valve 8 controls the heat output of the flat solar collector 1 . The flow setting value of the flow control valve 8 includes three flow readings of small, medium and large. The smart switch 7 controls the working state of the flow valve 8. The measuring end of the collector temperature sensor 6 extends into the separated heat pipe. In the flow channel in row 2, when the temperature in the evaporator 4 is measured to be lower or higher than a certain set value, the signal is transmitted to the intelligent switch 7, and the heat output is adjusted by adjusting the flow control valve 8 to ensure System security. Under normal working conditions, as the cold water in the hot water storage tank 5 is continuously input by the heat source, the temperature continues to rise, and the working pressure and temperature in the whole hot water storage tank 5 also continue to rise to adapt to the new working conditions. Dynamics and thermodynamics balance, at this time, the working pressure and working temperature in the flat solar collector 1 will continue to increase until the temperature of the heated cold water in the hot water storage tank 5 reaches the set temperature, through the intelligent switch 7 and the flow rate Control valve 8 to cut off the reflux of condensate. The working fluid remaining in the evaporator 4 will continue to evaporate and rise to the spiral tube condenser 10 to condense until it is completely dried up to form superheated steam.
所述储热水箱5为圆筒体结构，由内至外依次包括内胆11、螺旋管冷凝器10、储热箱外壳，内胆1材料采用导热金属制成，储热箱外壳采用工程塑料制成。所述螺旋管冷凝器10缠绕设置在内胆11的外壁上，所述内胆11与储热箱外壳之间填充保温材料35。在储热水箱5的一侧内壁上端设有水位控制器20，所述储热水箱进水管18连有自动给水电子阀19，水位控制器20的信号输出端与自动给水电子阀19的信号输入端连接。当集热水箱5中的水量低于或高于某一设定值时，可以自动给水或停止供水。The hot water storage tank 5 is a cylindrical structure, which sequentially includes an inner tank 11, a spiral tube condenser 10, and a heat storage tank shell from the inside to the outside. The inner tank 1 is made of heat-conducting metal, and the heat storage tank shell is made of engineering Made of plastic. The spiral tube condenser 10 is wound and arranged on the outer wall of the inner tank 11, and the insulation material 35 is filled between the inner tank 11 and the shell of the heat storage tank. A water level controller 20 is provided at the upper end of one side inner wall of the hot water storage tank 5, and the water storage tank inlet pipe 18 is connected with an automatic water supply electronic valve 19, and the signal output end of the water level controller 20 is connected with the automatic water supply electronic valve 19. Signal input connection. When the water yield in the hot water tank 5 is lower than or higher than a certain set value, the water supply can be automatically supplied or the water supply can be stopped.
所述螺旋管冷凝器10采用薄形紫铜管制成，紫铜管为可弯曲式软管，所述内胆11外壁设有螺旋管式弧形凹槽，所述螺旋管冷凝器10嵌设在弧形凹槽内。扩大了传热接触面积，这样能有效保持系统传热换热的稳定性。The spiral tube condenser 10 is made of a thin copper tube, the copper tube is a bendable hose, the outer wall of the liner 11 is provided with a spiral tube arc groove, and the spiral tube condenser 10 is embedded in the inside the arc groove. The heat transfer contact area is expanded, which can effectively maintain the stability of the heat transfer and heat exchange of the system.
所述冷热交换器21上下贯穿内胆11设置在储热水箱5内，所述冷热交换器21进气端与进气扇管道23连接，所述进气扇管道23与设置在室内的进气扇22连接，所述冷热交换器21出气端与出气扇管道25连接，所述出气扇管道25与设置在室内的出气扇24连接。The cold heat exchanger 21 penetrates the inner tank 11 up and down and is arranged in the hot water storage tank 5, and the air inlet end of the cold heat exchanger 21 is connected with the air inlet fan pipe 23, and the air inlet fan pipe 23 is connected with the air inlet fan pipe 23 arranged indoors. The air inlet fan 22 is connected, and the air outlet end of the cold heat exchanger 21 is connected with the air outlet fan duct 25, and the air outlet fan duct 25 is connected with the air outlet fan 24 arranged in the room.
所述冷热交换器21进气端与管道换向阀26出气端连接，所述管道换向阀26进气端包括两个，分别为室外空气进气端和室内空气进气端，所述室外空气进气端和室内空气进气端分别与换气扇管道33和进气扇管道23连接；所述管道换向阀26为三通管道，且可以智能打开和关闭管道换向阀26出气端、室外空气进气端和室内空气进气端三个中的任何一个，所述管道换向阀26的管道换向阀26出气端和室外空气进气端同时打开时，室内空气进气端处于关闭状态，反之管道换向阀26出气端和室内空气进气端处于打开时，室外空气进气端处于关闭状态；定时器36的信号输出端与管道换向阀26的信号输入端连接，轮流切换室外空气进气端和室内空气进气端开闭状态。在系统正常工作的情况下，管道换向阀26的管道换向阀26出气端和室内空气进气端是长开着的，室外空气进气端是关闭的，供暖时，定时器36按照设定的每隔两个小时传递信号至管道换向阀26，此时室内空气进气端切换至关闭状态，室外空气进气端和管道换向阀26出气端处于打开状态，实现智能化切换，进入换气程序，换气时间将持续十分钟，十分钟之后，定时器36传递信号至管道换向阀26，此时再次打开室内空气进气端，关闭室外空气进气端，实现智能化切换，恢复供暖程序。本空调系统工作时，按照上述周期进行智能化供暖，其中具体循环周期的时间可以通过定时器36进行设定。本发明选择在室外空气进气端使用内滚筒暖气片完成室内换气，主要防止在室内换气过程中将室外的冷气带入房间或客厅中，从而影响室内供暖效果。The inlet end of the cold and heat exchanger 21 is connected to the outlet end of the pipe reversing valve 26, and the inlet end of the pipe reversing valve 26 includes two, which are respectively an outdoor air inlet end and an indoor air inlet end. The outdoor air intake end and the indoor air intake end are respectively connected with the ventilation fan pipeline 33 and the intake fan pipeline 23; the pipeline reversing valve 26 is a three-way pipeline, and can be opened and closed intelligently. Any one of the three outdoor air inlets and indoor air inlets, when the outlet of the pipeline reversing valve 26 of the pipeline reversing valve 26 and the outdoor air inlet are opened at the same time, the indoor air inlet is closed On the other hand, when the air outlet of the pipe reversing valve 26 and the indoor air inlet are open, the outdoor air inlet is in a closed state; the signal output end of the timer 36 is connected with the signal input end of the pipe reversing valve 26, and they are switched in turn The open and closed states of the outdoor air inlet and the indoor air inlet. Under the normal working situation of the system, the pipeline reversing valve 26 air outlet of the pipeline reversing valve 26 and the indoor air inlet are always open, and the outdoor air inlet is closed. During heating, the timer 36 is set according to the The signal is sent to the pipeline reversing valve 26 every two hours, at this time, the indoor air inlet is switched to the closed state, and the outdoor air inlet and the pipeline reversing valve 26 outlet are in the open state, realizing intelligent switching. Enter the ventilation program, and the ventilation time will last for ten minutes. After ten minutes, the timer 36 transmits a signal to the pipeline reversing valve 26. At this time, the indoor air inlet is opened again, and the outdoor air inlet is closed to realize intelligent switching. , to resume the heating program. When the air conditioning system is working, intelligent heating is carried out according to the above-mentioned cycle, wherein the time of the specific cycle can be set by the timer 36 . The present invention chooses to use the inner drum radiator at the outdoor air intake end to complete indoor ventilation, mainly to prevent the outdoor cold air from being brought into the room or living room during the indoor ventilation process, thereby affecting the indoor heating effect.
所述分离式热管管排2的蒸汽输出管与气液分离器30进口端连接，所述气液分离器30的包括两个出口端，分别为蒸汽出口端和液化水出口端，所述蒸汽出口端与螺旋管冷凝器10的进口端连接，所述螺旋管冷凝器10的冷凝水出口端与液化水出口端汇流后回流至积液杯31，再经过流量控制阀(8)与分离式热管管排2的冷凝回流端连接。The steam output pipe of the separated heat pipe row 2 is connected to the inlet end of the gas-liquid separator 30, and the gas-liquid separator 30 includes two outlet ports, which are respectively a steam outlet port and a liquefied water outlet port. The outlet end is connected to the inlet end of the spiral tube condenser 10, and the condensed water outlet end of the spiral tube condenser 10 merges with the liquefied water outlet end and flows back to the liquid accumulation cup 31, and then passes through the flow control valve (8) and the separate type The condensation return end of the heat pipe row 2 is connected.
所述内胆11内设置陶瓷加热棒15、加热棒温度传感器16，所述加热棒温度传感器16的信号输出端与加热棒温控开关17的信号输入端连接，所述加热棒温控开关17的信号输出端与陶瓷加热棒15的信号输入端连接，所述系统正常工况下可以利用储热水箱5的流进的热介质直接供暖。还包括电子时钟，所述电子时钟的信号输出端与陶瓷加热棒15的信号输入端连接，必要时还可以利用电子时钟夜间低谷价电在储热水箱5中蓄存热能，提高了系统的经济性。A ceramic heating rod 15 and a heating rod temperature sensor 16 are arranged in the inner container 11, and the signal output end of the heating rod temperature sensor 16 is connected with the signal input end of the heating rod temperature control switch 17, and the heating rod temperature control switch 17 The signal output end of the ceramic heating rod 15 is connected to the signal input end of the ceramic heating rod. Under normal working conditions, the system can use the heat medium flowing in from the hot water storage tank 5 to directly provide heating. Also comprise electronic clock, the signal output end of described electronic clock is connected with the signal input end of ceramic heating rod 15, can also utilize electronic clock night low valley price electricity to store heat energy in the hot water storage tank 5 when necessary, has improved the system. economy.
如图5所示本发明的主要装置分布，进气扇22和出气扇24分别安装在室内(房间或客厅)的不同位置，太阳能集热器1安装在窗台、阳台向阳的地方，储热水箱5安装在室内，且所述螺旋管冷凝器10的安装位置高于蒸发器4的安装位置，储热水箱5中内胆11内的热水通过储热水箱出水管14提供日常洗浴用水时，出热水的时间快，减少生活用水的浪费现象。进气扇管道、排气扇管道、换气扇管道包括所有管道或入墙管道的外壁均覆盖有高效保温材料，防止与外界有冷热交换。Main device distribution of the present invention as shown in Figure 5, air intake fan 22 and air outlet fan 24 are installed in different positions indoors (room or living room) respectively, and solar heat collector 1 is installed in the sunny place of window sill, balcony, heat storage The tank 5 is installed indoors, and the installation position of the spiral tube condenser 10 is higher than the installation position of the evaporator 4, and the hot water in the inner tank 11 of the hot water storage tank 5 is provided for daily bathing through the outlet pipe 14 of the hot water storage tank. When using water, the time for hot water to come out is fast, reducing the waste of domestic water. The outer walls of intake fan ducts, exhaust fan ducts, and ventilation fan ducts, including all ducts or in-wall ducts, are covered with high-efficiency thermal insulation materials to prevent heat and cold exchange with the outside world.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also possible. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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