CN104594281B - Running dispatching diagram drawing method capable of enabling comprehensive benefits of reservoir to be optimal - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for drawing an operation scheduling diagram for optimizing the comprehensive benefits of a reservoir. The method is carried out according to the following steps: 1. Combination calculation of anti-damage water level or water volume, restricted water supply water level or water volume, and anti-abandonment water level or water volume in each time period that meets the annual design water supply guarantee rate; 2. Set up water supply value index in each time period; 3. 1. Multiply the water supply volume in each time period of the year by the value index of the corresponding time period in the water supply combination that meets the annual design water supply guarantee rate; 4. Extract the combination with the largest annual water supply value value among all the combinations in step 3. The invention avoids the problem that the selection of the typical year and the number of years in the calculation of the traditional typical year method varies from person to person, resulting in different scheduling diagrams drawn by different designers, and avoids the method of removing the damaged year from removing the damaged year throughout the year, so that each year The problem of the sample reduction of water supply guarantee rate in time period; the invention can make full use of water resources, improve the safety and reliability of reservoir operation, and can reflect the difference of water supply in different time periods.

Description

A Method of Drawing Operational Scheduling Diagrams for Optimal Reservoir Comprehensive Benefits

technical field

The invention relates to a method for drawing an operation scheduling diagram for optimizing comprehensive benefits of a reservoir, and belongs to the technical field of reservoir operation management.

Background technique

The operation of the comprehensive utilization reservoir is closely related to the inflow of the reservoir, and the change of natural river runoff is often complicated. At present, due to the limited scientific level, it is still impossible to accurately predict the long-term runoff process in the future, which brings great difficulties to the operation of the reservoir. In order to regulate reservoirs rationally and make full use of water resources on a safe and reliable basis, an objective criterion for planning reservoir storage and discharge is needed during operation, which is the starting point for applying reservoir scheduling charts.

The reservoir dispatching diagram is composed of water level or water storage process lines such as anti-damage line, restricted water supply line and anti-abandoned water line. These process lines divide the dispatching diagram into several dispatching areas. When the water level or water storage capacity of the reservoir falls in a certain area, the water will be released according to the amount specified in the area. Reservoir operation map is a tool to guide annual or multi-year regulation of reservoir operation. It assumes that past runoff data reflect the future hydrological situation and is drawn using historical runoff data.

The use of scheduling charts for reservoir scheduling began in the 1920s and was proposed by the Soviet scholar A.A. Morozov, and it is still widely used today. It uses historical runoff data for adjustment and calculation, and safely solves the scope of application of various dispatching schemes, that is, for the same decision (such as ensuring water supply or increasing or reducing water supply), various possibilities of hydrological conditions with their corresponding design guarantee rates The outer envelope of the water level of the reservoir that appears is the dispatching line sought, and the dispatching diagram is composed of them. Reservoir scheduling according to the scheduling chart can achieve: when encountering a design dry year, the reservoir works in a guaranteed operation mode, which can ensure the normal water demand and water level requirements of each water user; when encountering a normal or wet year, the reservoir can be increased according to The water supply method can reasonably increase the water supply to each water user; in the case of extremely dry years, the reservoir will work in a reduced water supply method, which can reasonably reduce the water supply of each water user, so as to reduce the normal water consumption of each water user. Loss of benefit and efficiency; when encountering design flood or calibration standard flood in flood season, it can ensure the safety of the dam through flood, or encounter downstream flood control standard flood, and can meet the flood control requirements of the protection area.

Drawing Method of Annual Regulating Reservoir Scheduling Diagram

1. Drawing of anti-vandalism line

According to the statistical data of reservoir runoff, select the typical inflow process of different distributions in several years when the annual water volume (or water supply period) is close to the design guarantee rate Po, and control and correct according to the annual water volume (or water supply period water volume) of the corresponding design guarantee rate , that is, the runoff process of each typical year is reduced or enlarged according to a certain ratio, so that their annual water volume (or water supply period water volume) is equal to the corresponding value of the design guarantee rate year. Then, starting from the dead water level at the end of the water supply period, the runoff adjustment calculation in reverse order is carried out, and the water storage volume (or water level) at the beginning of each period to the beginning of the water storage period is obtained, and the water level at the beginning of the water storage period is required to be equal to the dead water level. In the reverse calculation process, when the water storage level reaches the normal water storage level, the reservoir works according to the natural inflow flow. The upper envelope line of the reservoir water level process in each year is the anti-sabotage line. It is also possible to calculate all the runoff series after excluding the damage years (without control scaling), and calculate them in reverse year by year according to the above method, and take the upper envelope of the reservoir water level process over the years as the damage prevention line.

2. Drawing of limit output (water supply) line

The limited output (water supply) line is calculated by a method similar to the anti-damage line, and the adjustment calculation is performed in sequence, and the water storage process of the reservoir is drawn in each year, and then the limited output (water supply) line is obtained by removing the envelope.

3. Drawing of anti-wastewater line

According to the statistical data of the inflow runoff, a typical inflow runoff process with a guarantee rate of 1-Po for the annual water volume or water volume in the wet season is selected. The hydropower station discharges water according to the maximum water flow capacity or works according to the installed capacity. From the beginning of the water storage level, reverse the monthly reservoir water level in reverse order until it reaches the normal water storage level in the water supply period. Conditional hydropower stations can calculate a series of measured hydrological years according to the above method, but these years should not include the annual water volume in which the annual water volume is greater than the guarantee rate of 1-Po, and then take the inner envelope of the reservoir water level in each year, which is Anti-spill water line.

Drawing Method of Multi-Year Regulation Reservoir Operation Diagram

1. Drawing of anti-vandalism line

Method 1: Select the year with such inflow runoff process as the first calculation year, that is, in this year, from the end of the water supply period when the reservoir is full for many years to adjust the storage capacity, the adjustment calculation is performed in reverse order until the water level of the reservoir reaches normal at the end of the water storage period At the beginning of the water storage period, the water level of the reservoir has just returned to the full point of the storage capacity adjusted for many years. In this year, the water volume is not much, and the water level of the reservoir connecting each time period is the anti-sabotage line. If necessary, several typical years with unfavorable distribution can be selected, and the water volume can be controlled and scaled according to an appropriate ratio, and then the adjustment calculation can be performed inversely, and the upper envelope line of the reservoir water level process in each year can be taken as the anti-damage line.

Method 2: Using the design runoff process of the hydropower station in the low water section, from the end of the water supply period when the reservoir is full of storage capacity for many years, the adjustment calculation is performed in reverse order, and the outer envelope of the reservoir water level process line in each year is taken as the anti-damage line.

2. Drawing of limit output (water supply) line

Method 1: Select the year with such inflow runoff as the second calculation year. From the end of the water supply period and the beginning of the dead water level, perform reverse-sequence adjustment calculations. The water level of the reservoir still falls to the dead water level at the beginning of the water storage period. There is a lot of water in a year, not much, and the water level of the reservoir connecting each time period is the limit output (water supply) line.

Method 2: Translate the aforementioned anti-sabotage line downwards so that the water level of the reservoir at the end of the water supply period and the beginning of the storage period overlap with the dead water level, which is to limit the water supply line.

3. Drawing of anti-wastewater line

For multi-year regulating reservoirs with high regulation performance, the anti-abandonment water line may not be drawn, because the amount of abandoned water in such reservoirs is generally not large, and the water abandonment mostly occurs in the flood season of consecutive wet years, and the utilization of water head can be increased. To make up for the power loss caused by water abandonment, the area below the normal water storage level and above the anti-damage line is often regarded as the increased output area.

Insufficiency of the traditional method: The traditional method can be divided into the typical year method and the removal of damage year method when selecting the runoff process. The typical year method is to select the typical inflow process of different distributions in several years when the annual water volume (or water volume in the water supply period) is close to the design guarantee rate Po, and control and correct according to the annual water volume (or water supply period water volume) of the corresponding design guarantee rate, that is, according to a certain The ratio reduces or enlarges the runoff process in each typical year, so that their annual water volume (or water supply period water volume) is equal to the corresponding value in the design guarantee rate year; the method of removing the damage year is to eliminate all runoff series without control scaling after the damage year . In the actual work using the typical year method, the selection of the typical year and the number of years varies from person to person, resulting in different scheduling diagrams drawn by different designers. The method of removing the year of damage does not analyze the difference in the guarantee rate period. Water supply projects are generally designed with the annual guarantee rate in design, and the dispatching plan reflects the guarantee rate of water supply at each time period in the year. The year of damage is removed throughout the year. The sample of water supply guarantee rate in time period is reduced, which affects the drawing accuracy of the line of each time period in the year of dispatching map. In addition, the calculation principles and theories of the traditional method are based on the guarantee rate of water supply satisfaction, and only pay attention to the safety and reliability of the guarantee degree of reservoir dispatching and operation, and lack of consideration for the full utilization of water resources; The requirements are different. For example, the water supply guarantee is more needed in the earing period of rice than in the field soaking period. The amount of water inflowing in the dry season of the hydropower station has a greater impact on the annual power generation than the amount of water in the flood season. However, the traditional method does not reflect the importance of the water supply period. differences in sex at different times.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for drawing an operation dispatching diagram that optimizes the comprehensive benefits of a reservoir, so as to solve the shortcomings of the existing method for drawing a reservoir dispatching diagram.

Technical scheme of the present invention:

A method for drawing an operation scheduling diagram to optimize the comprehensive benefits of a reservoir, the method is drawn according to the following steps:

The first step is to calculate the combined calculation of anti-sabotage water level or water volume, restricted water supply water level or water volume, and anti-abandonment water level or water volume in each period that meets the design guarantee rate of annual water supply;

The second step is to set up the value index of water supply in each time period;

The third step is to meet the annual water supply design guarantee rate and multiply the water supply in each period of the year by the value index of the corresponding period;

The fourth step is to extract the combination with the largest annual water supply value among all the combinations in the third step as the basis for drawing the reservoir dispatching map.

In the aforementioned method, the first step calculates all combinations of anti-sabotage water levels or water volumes, restricted water supply water levels or water volumes, and anti-abandonment water levels or water volumes in each period that meet the annual water supply design guarantee rate, that is, each group of water levels or water volumes All can make the years of N=(n+1)×Po in the inflow runoff sequence meet the annual design water supply, and the destruction in other years, the exclusion of those that do not meet the requirements, calculate the anti-damage water level or water volume and anti-abandonment water level or water volume in each period When combining, if the water level or water volume in one period of a certain combination is greater than that of another combination in the combination that meets the design guarantee rate of annual water supply, but the design annual water supply results remain unchanged, then the water level or water volume in this period is kept low or small combination; when calculating the combination of restricted water supply level or water volume in each period, if the water level or water volume in one period of a certain combination is greater than that of another combination in the combination that meets the design guarantee rate of annual water supply, but the design annual water supply results remain unchanged, this When retaining this period of time the water level or the combination of high or large water volume.

In the aforementioned method, the Po is the design guarantee rate, and n is the number of years of the inflow runoff sequence. Controlled by water level, accurate to cm; controlled by water volume, accurate to 10,000 m ³ .

In the aforementioned method, the water supply value index in the second step is a weight value or a proportional value.

In the aforementioned method, the second step is to set up the value index of water supply in each time period of the year according to the specific conditions of different water users; the value index of water supply can be an economic value, such as yuan/m ³ , or a relative weight, such as 1.1 or 1.2 ; In short, the value index of water supply in each time period of the water user is established according to the actual situation. If the value index of water supply in each period is equal, then the value index of water supply in each period is 1.

In the aforementioned method, the fourth step is to count the annual total value of the water supply in each time period of the year multiplied by the value index of the corresponding time period in the fourth step, which meets the annual water supply design guarantee rate, and extract the anti-sabotage line corresponding to the year with the largest annual total value , restricted water supply lines, and anti-abandoned water lines are used as drawn lines in the reservoir dispatching diagram.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention calculates year by year and period by time based on the data of inbound runoff sequence, avoiding that the selection of the typical year and number of years in the calculation of the traditional typical year method varies from person to person, resulting in different scheduling diagrams drawn by different designers. At the same time, all years and periods are calculated to avoid the problem of removing the destruction year by the method of removing the destruction year, so that the sample of the water supply guarantee rate in each period of the year is reduced; It also pays attention to the full utilization of water resources, and introduces water value indicators reflecting different periods of the water supply period to reflect the importance of water supply in different periods.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the combined calculation system of anti-sabotage water level or water volume, limited water supply water level or water volume, and anti-abandonment water level or water volume in each period of the present invention satisfying the annual water supply design guarantee rate;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of setting up the water supply value index in each period of the year in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the calculation system of the present invention reflecting the value difference of water supply in each period of the year;

Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the extraction system for the largest combination of annual water supply value among all the combinations of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but not as any limitation to the present invention.

A drawing method of operation scheduling diagram to optimize the comprehensive benefits of the reservoir, as shown in Figure 1. The method draws in the following steps:

The first step is to calculate the combination of anti-sabotage water level (or water volume), limited output (water supply) water level (or water volume), and anti-abandonment water level (or water volume) in each period that meets the design guarantee rate of annual water supply.

This step is computationally intensive and needs to be based on computer calculations. Through computer calculation, all combinations of anti-sabotage water level (or water volume), limited output (water supply) water level (or water volume), and anti-abandonment water level (or water volume) in each period that meet the annual water supply design guarantee rate are calculated, that is, each group of water levels (or water volume) can make the year of N=(n+1)×Po in the inflow runoff sequence meet the annual design water supply, and destroy it in other years. Exclusions that do not meet requirements. When calculating the combination of anti-sabotage water level (or water volume) and anti-abandonment water level (or water volume) in each period, if the water level (or water volume) in one period of a certain combination is greater than the other combination in the combination that meets the design guarantee rate of annual water supply, However, the result of the design annual water supply remains unchanged. At this time, the combination of low (or small) water level (or water volume) in this period is retained; when calculating the combination of limited output (water supply) water level (or water volume) in each period, the design guarantee rate of annual water supply is met. In the combination, if the water level (or water volume) in one period of a certain combination is greater than that of another combination, but the design annual water supply results remain unchanged, then the combination with a high (large) water level (or water volume) in this period is retained.

Explanation: Po is the design guarantee rate, n is the number of years of runoff sequence in the reservoir. For water level control, it is recommended to be accurate to cm; for water volume control, it is recommended to be accurate to 10,000 m ³ .

The second step is to establish the water supply value (weight, proportion, etc.) index for each time period.

According to the specific situation of different water users, the value index of water supply in each period of the year is established. The water supply value index can be an economic value, such as yuan/m ³ , or a relative weight, such as 1.1, 1.2, and so on. In short, the water supply value index for each period of time within the water user is established according to the actual situation. If the value index of water supply in each period is equal, then the value index of water supply in each period is 1.

The third step is to meet the annual water supply design guarantee rate and multiply the water supply in each time period of the year by the value index of the corresponding time period.

The fourth step is to extract the combination with the largest annual water supply value among all the combinations in step three.

The annual total value of the water supply in each time period of the year multiplied by the value index of the corresponding time period is calculated, and the anti-sabotage line, restricted water supply line, and anti-abandoned water line corresponding to the year with the largest annual total value are respectively extracted as The reservoir dispatching diagram adopts drawn lines.

In order to solve the deficiencies of the existing methods for drawing reservoir dispatching diagrams, the present invention provides a method for drawing reservoir dispatching diagrams, based on the inflow runoff sequence data, using conventional methods according to the anti-damage line, limited output (water supply) line, and anti-abandoned water line Calculate all combinations of anti-sabotage water levels (or water volumes), limited output (water supply) water levels (or water volumes), and anti-abandonment water levels (or water volumes) in each period that meet the design guarantee rate of annual water supply, and then according to the above combinations one by one Calculate the annual water supply, and take the anti-damage line, limit output (water supply) line, and anti-abandoned water line corresponding to the combination with the largest annual water supply among all combinations as the drawn lines for the reservoir dispatching map.

In order to reflect the different importance of water supply in different periods of the year, the value (weight, proportion, etc.) index of water supply in each period is established according to the specific conditions of different water users. Calculate the water supply for each period of the year one by one to meet the design guarantee rate of annual water supply, multiply the water supply for each period of the year by the value index of the corresponding period, and take the anti-damage line and limit output corresponding to the combination with the largest annual water supply value among all combinations The (water supply) line and the anti-abandoned water line are drawn as the reservoir dispatching diagram.

The present invention is mainly to calculate year by year and period by period based on the long sequence data of inbound runoff, so as to avoid the problem that the selection of the typical year and the number of years in the calculation of the traditional typical year method vary from person to person, resulting in different scheduling diagrams drawn by different designers, and at the same time Calculations are performed for all years and time periods to avoid the problem of reducing the number of water supply guarantee rate samples in each time period of the year by removing the damage year by removing the damage year method. At the same time, it embodies the principle of making full use of water resources on the basis of safety and reliability, and sets up the water supply value index of water users in each period to reflect the difference in the importance of water supply periods in different periods.

During specific implementation, the above-mentioned method of the present invention can be processed by a traditional computer.

Example

This example selects the runoff adjustment calculation of a water supply reservoir with annual adjustment performance as an example to illustrate. The specific implementation process is as follows:

1. Engineering data

The task of the reservoir project is to supply water to the county. The normal storage level of the reservoir is 511.00m, the storage capacity below the normal storage level is 1734m ³ , the dead water level is 496m, the dead storage capacity is 3.34 million m ³ , and the prosperous storage capacity is 1400m ³ . The guarantee rate of water supply in the county is P=95%, the annual design water supply is 30.1 million m ³ , and the annual average release of environmental water is 6.15 million m ³ .

The inflow runoff series used in the project is the average monthly runoff (ten days from May to August) for a total of 46 years (hydrological years) from 1963 to 2009.

2. Combination calculation of anti-sabotage water volume and limited water supply volume in each period that meets the design guarantee rate of annual water supply volume

Table 1 shows the results of anti-destructive storage capacity combination in each period that meets the design guarantee rate of annual water supply calculated by conventional calculation methods, and see Table 2. See Table 3 for the water supply results of the anti-destructive storage capacity combinations that meet the annual water supply design guarantee rate in each period, and see Table 4 for the water supply results in each period for the restricted water supply storage capacity combinations that meet the annual water supply design guarantee rate.

In this example, water volume is used for control, and the range of water volume adjustment is 10,000 m ³ . (There is no increased water supply for urban water supply, so this project does not calculate the anti-abandoned water line)

3. Set up the water supply value index at each time period

According to its importance, the value index of water supply in each time period of the county water supply year is the same. In order to reflect the influence of the difference of water supply value index in different time periods of the year on the line shape of the dispatching diagram, this example artificially sets up a water supply value index with differences in each time period. The economic value is adopted, the unit is yuan/m3. See Table 5 for the value index of water supply in each period of the year.

4. Calculation of economic indicators for each combination of water supply that meets the design guarantee rate of annual water supply

Multiply the anti-sabotage water volume combination of each time period that meets the annual water supply design guarantee rate by the water supply value index of each time period in the year to obtain the economic indicators of each combination of anti-sabotage water volume in each time period that meets the annual water supply design guarantee rate, and calculate the annual total value over the years. The process is shown in Table 6; the combination of restricted water supply at each time period that meets the design guarantee rate of annual water supply is multiplied by the value index of water supply at each time period in the year, and the economic indicators of each combination of restricted water supply at each time period that meet the design guarantee rate of annual water supply are obtained, and statistics are made over the years The annual total value, the calculation process is shown in Table 7.

5. Extract the combination with the largest economic value of total annual water supply.

It can be seen from the results of the economic value of water supply in each time period of the damage-resistant storage capacity combination that meets the annual water supply design guarantee rate (Table 6), the total economic value of the combination is the largest in 17 years, which is 15,497 yuan, and the annual water supply design guarantee rate is extracted. Combining 17 anti-destructive storage capacity in each time period (Table 1) is used as the anti-destructive storage capacity line for drawing dispatching diagrams; the economic value results of water supply in each period are combined from the limited water supply storage capacity that meets the design guarantee rate of annual water supply It can be seen from (Table 7) that the total economic value of the combination of 7 years is the largest, which is 15,454 yuan, and the limited water supply storage capacity of each time period in the combination 7 that meets the annual water supply design guarantee rate (Table 2) is extracted as The use of restricted water supply reservoir capacity lines for drawing dispatching diagrams. See Table 8 for the results of using anti-sabotage storage capacity lines and restricted water supply storage capacity lines for drawing dispatching diagrams.

Table 5: Water Quantity Value Index for Each Period of the Year

period of time Value index (yuan/10,000 m ³ ) end of March 3 end of April 3 end of early May 5 end of mid-may 6 late May 6 end of June 7 end of mid-June 8 end of June 8 early July 8 end of mid-July 8 late july 8 end of early august 8 end of mid-August 8 late august 8 end of september 7 end of october 6 end of november 5 end of december 4 end of january 3 end of February 2 end of March 2

Table 8: Results of using anti-sabotage storage capacity lines and restricted water supply storage capacity lines for drawing dispatching diagrams

period of time Anti-vandalism line (10,000 m ³ ) Restricted water supply line (10,000 m ³ ) end of March 334 334 end of April 518 334 end of early May 390 334 end of mid-may 395 334 late May 370 334 end of June 344 334 end of mid-June 344 334 end of June 376 334 early July 632 334 end of mid-July 709 334 late july 1305 334 end of early august 1726 334 end of mid-August 1726 334 late august 1681 334 end of september 1636 334 end of october 1640 334 end of november 1278 334 end of december 1066 334 end of january 825 430 end of February 568 371 end of March 334 334

Claims (1)

1. A method for drawing an operation dispatch diagram that makes the comprehensive benefit of the reservoir optimal, is characterized in that: the method is drawn according to the following steps: The first step is to calculate all the anti-sabotage water levels or water volumes, restricted water supply water levels or water volumes, anti-abandoned water levels or water volume combinations in each period that meet the annual water supply design guarantee rate, that is, each group of water levels or water volumes can make the storage The years of N=(n+1)×Po in the runoff sequence meet the annual design water supply. In the expression of the inflow runoff sequence: Po is the design guarantee rate, n is the number of years of the inflow runoff sequence; when controlled by water level, it is accurate to cm; accurate to 10,000 m ³ when controlled by water volume; if it is damaged in other years and does not meet the requirements, when calculating the combination of anti-sabotage water level or water volume and anti-abandoned water level or water volume in each period, if the combination of annual water supply design guarantee rate meets If the water level or water volume in one period of a certain combination is greater than that of the other combination, but the design annual water supply results remain unchanged, then keep the combination of low or small water level or water volume in this period; , to meet the annual water supply design guarantee rate combination, if the water level or water volume in one period of a certain combination is greater than that of another combination, but the design annual water supply results remain unchanged, then keep the combination with high or large water level or water volume in this period , The second step is to set up the value index of water supply in each time period; The third step is the combination of water supply volume: the water supply volume in each period of the year multiplied by the value index of the corresponding period should meet the annual water supply design guarantee rate; The fourth step is to extract the combination with the largest annual water supply value among all the combinations in the third step as the basis for drawing the reservoir dispatching map. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water supply value index in the second step is a weight value or a proportional value. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, setting up the value index of water supply in each period is to set up the value index of water supply in each period of the year according to the specific conditions of different water users; the value index of water supply is an economic value , the value index of water supply in each time period of the water user year is set according to the actual situation. If the value index of water supply in each time period is equal, the value index of water supply in each time period is 1. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the combination with the largest value of the annual water supply value among all the combinations in the third step is extracted in the fourth step. Multiply the water supply at each time period of the year by the annual total value of the value index of the corresponding time period, and extract the anti-sabotage line, limited output water supply line, and anti-abandoned water line corresponding to the year with the largest annual total value as the reservoir dispatching map Use to draw lines.