CN104593549A - Control method capable of realizing precise control of bottom-blowing gas during refining and vacuumizing in VD furnace - Google Patents
Control method capable of realizing precise control of bottom-blowing gas during refining and vacuumizing in VD furnace Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method of realizing the precise control of bottom-blowing gas during refining and vacuumizing in a VD furnace. The control method comprises the following steps of reading real-time process parameters by virtue of a programmable logic controller (PLC) of a VD furnace control system and transmitting the real-time process parameters of the VD furnace to a programmable logic controller (PLC) of a VD furnace bottom-blowing gas control system through an industrial communication module; setting a definite specific stirring power value according to the process needs, calculating the output bottom blowing argon flow based on the calculation formula epsilon is equal to 6.18*10<-3>QT/W*[(1-273/T)+ln(P1/P2)] and finally transmitting the bottom blowing argon flow to an implementation element so that the intelligent control of the bottom blowing argon flow is achieved. The invention provides a method for implementing the real-time intelligent control of the bottom blowing argon flow through PLC, good real-time property is achieved, the flow value is accurately regulated and the bottom blowing argon flow can be automatically and rapidly adjusted according to changes in the degree of vacuum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel-making technical field of automation, particularly relate to the control method that when refining of a kind of VD of realization stove vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls.
Background technology
SECONDARY REFINING IN A VACUUM CHAMBER is effective measure that the are degassed and cleanliness factor of reduction steel grade foreign matter content, raising steel.Current most typical vacuum processing method has VD method, RH method and VOD method.Wherein, VD (vacuum degassing) vacuum outgas method because of its cheap and good degassed, desulfurization, go inclusion effect and be widely used.
The development of furnace outer refining technology in recent years, require that the effect of external refining will be got well, the time is short, possess the fast technique rhythm that can mate with electric arc furnace, converter.Bottom-blowing argon in refining furnace steel-smelting technology has easy to operate, that mixing effect good, cost is low advantage, and thereby produces a series of extremely useful metallurgical effect.Can decarbonization and protecting chromium be promoted during smelting stainless steel, increase yield of alloy.When it obviously can promote refining, four de-(S, P, C, O), two remove the metallurgical effect of (gas is mingled with), two adjustment (temperature, composition), and are of value to and shorten the heat, energy efficient.
BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING skill to ask adopt by most of refining furnace, but because this process not only relates to the heat transfer between gas and high-temp liquid, the transmission of mass transfer and momentum, but also the turbulent flows relating to molten steel with mix, the fusing of alloy addition and the thermodynamics and dynamics etc. of slag chemical reaction, therefore, from the viewpoint of system, in bottom-blowing argon in refining furnace process, non-linear due to controlled plant, the factors such as the acute variation of the uncertainty of mathematical model and system works point, conventional control strategy to be adopted to be difficult to realize accurately controlling argon flow amount at some process procedures.
In vacuum process, need bag argon bottom-blowing (or nitrogen), molten steel state is enlivened, accelerates degassed decarburization efficiency.The flow control of argon bottom-blowing adopts the steel-making Argon system in different process stage usually, in conjunction with the state of video monitoring molten steel rolling, by operator's manual setting flow; If output to Controlling System by operator's manual setting flow to perform, because a large amount of CO and argon gas acting in conjunction can aggravate the boiling in molten bath, operator relies on video monitoring cannot correctly provide bottom blowing flux values; Real-time is not good.
At present, in actually operating, difference is smelted the steel-making Argon system write computer program of steel grade by Ou You producer when the refining of VD stove, achieve at the specific flow of different operation stages given, the state monitoring molten steel rolling in conjunction with TV by operator is finely tuned again; But by steel quality, vacuum tightness, carry out the factors such as steel temperature and affect, rely on this scheme, stir merit be one cannot be stable value; Degassed, the difference of decarburization effect causes the instability of vacuum refining molten steel quality.
In sum, adopt when VD stove evacuation at present the argon flow amount of adjustment manually or by computer control argon blowing rate, all there is following shortcoming:
1, adjust argon flow amount manually, if the control of Argon amount is improper during vacuum tightness change, (if flow is too small, the rolling of molten steel face is not enough, and decarburization efficiency is low easily to cause molten steel splash or excessive slag; If flow is excessive, molten steel splash, excessive slag);
2, existing VD furnace bottom blowing argon gas flow control, output be not often may be used for process data analyze variable.From control method and means, or do not accomplish that continuously linear regulates, or time of response long (example is greater than 6 seconds) and there is more serious overshoot, there is the deficiency that sharpness of regulation is very poor.
Therefore the key solving this problem is how to select to have when regulating the measure control element of ratio to regulate continuously to keep vacuumizing than stirring the relatively stable of merit on a large scale.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention there is provided the implementation method that a kind of PLC carrys out Contrast tuned imaging argon bottom-blowing flow, the control method that when refining of VD stove vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls; Not only real-time is good for it, adjust flux value accurate, and can change the flow of fast automatic adjustment argon bottom-blowing according to vacuum tightness.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: the control method that when refining of a kind of VD of realization stove vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls:
1) processing parameter is read:
First programmable logic controller (PLC) of VD furnace control system is for reading real-time processing parameter: vacuum chamber pressure, bag bottom pressure, liquid steel temperature and steel quality;
2) processing parameter signal is transmitted:
By step 1) in the processing parameter that reads be transferred to second programmable logic controller (PLC) of VD stove refining bottom blown gas Controlling System by industrial communication module;
3) setting is than the numerical value stirring merit:
Need to carry out the numerical value that the concrete ratio of setting one stirs merit according to technique;
4) the second programmable logic controller (PLC) is according to formulae discovery argon bottom-blowing flow;
Second programmable logic controller (PLC) is according to step 3) in setting ratio stir work value go out argon bottom-blowing flow according to formulae discovery; Its formula is as follows:
ε=6.18 × 10-
3qT/W × [(1-273/T)+ln (P1/P2)], in formula, ε is that W is steel quality, and Q is argon bottom-blowing flow, and T is liquid steel temperature, and P1 is bag bottom pressure, and P2 is vacuum chamber pressure than stirring merit;
5) argon bottom-blowing flow is exported;
By step 4) in the numerical value of argon bottom-blowing flow that obtains be transferred on the power element mass flow controller (MFC) of VD stove refining bottom blown gas Controlling System by the analog output module of the second programmable logic controller (PLC), carry out the flow controlling argon bottom-blowing.
The control method that when refining of a kind of VD of realization stove vacuumizes as above, bottom blown gas accurately controls, wherein, described power element is a mass flow controller (MFC), and described mass flow controller (MFC) adopts range ratio to be the mass flow controller (MFC) of the large adjustment ratio of 1: 500; It adopts model to be the mass flow controller of Flox [on] S500.
Realize the control method that when refining of VD stove vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls as above, wherein, the common variation range of described vacuum chamber pressure P2 is 1.01X10
5-67Pa, when VD refining, vacuum chamber pressure P2 can reach capacity vacuum 20Pa
Realize the control method that when refining of VD stove vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls as above, wherein, described is 100-400W/t than stirring work value.
Realize the control method that when refining of VD stove vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls as above, wherein, described communication module is siemens 6GK7343-1CX10-OXEO communication module.
Realize the control method that when refining of VD stove vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls as above, wherein, described analog output module is siemens 6ES7332-5HD01-OABO analog output module.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention produces is mainly reflected in:
1, the control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, by reading related process parameters, thus the ratio passing through this confirmable processing parameter and setting stirs the numerical value of merit, thus calculate the flow of argon bottom-blowing according to calculation formula; It realizes the intelligent control of argon bottom-blowing by programmable logic controller (PLC);
2, the control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, by the intelligent control of argon bottom-blowing flow, thus solve the phenomenon of the not enough or excessive molten steel splash of flow of the on-the-spot flow too small molten steel face rolling often occurred, the slag that overflows;
3, the control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, adopts large adjustment specific mass flow controller (MFC), effectively reduces the free free height of ladle, improve production capacity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the connection diagram of a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining control method that bottom blown gas accurately controls when vacuumizing;
Fig. 2 is VD Argon graphic representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls:
1) processing parameter is read:
First programmable logic controller (PLC) of VD furnace control system is for reading real-time processing parameter: vacuum chamber pressure, bag bottom pressure, liquid steel temperature and steel quality;
2) processing parameter signal is transmitted:
By step 1) in the processing parameter that reads be transferred to second programmable logic controller (PLC) of VD stove refining bottom blown gas Controlling System by industrial communication module;
3) setting is than the numerical value stirring merit:
Need to carry out the numerical value that the concrete ratio of setting one stirs merit according to technique;
4) the second programmable logic controller (PLC) is according to formulae discovery argon bottom-blowing flow;
Second programmable logic controller (PLC) is according to step 3) in setting ratio stir work value go out argon bottom-blowing flow according to formulae discovery; Its formula is as follows:
ε=6.18 × 10-
3qT/W × [(1-273/T)+ln (P1/P2)], in formula, ε is that W is steel quality, and Q is argon bottom-blowing flow, and T is liquid steel temperature, and P1 is bag bottom pressure, and P2 is vacuum chamber pressure than stirring merit;
5) argon bottom-blowing flow is exported;
By step 4) in the numerical value of argon bottom-blowing flow that obtains be transferred on the power element mass flow controller (MFC) of VD stove refining bottom blown gas Controlling System by the analog output module of the second programmable logic controller (PLC), carry out the flow controlling argon bottom-blowing.
The control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, adopts calculation formula as follows: ε=6.18 × 10-
3qT/W × [(1-273/T)+ln (P1/P2)]; Known from above-mentioned formula, W-steel quality, Q-argon bottom-blowing flow, T-liquid steel temperature, P1-bag bottom pressure, P2-vacuum chamber pressure; The numerical value of those processing parameters all can read from second programmable logic controller (PLC) of VD furnace control system, and this ε-ratio stirs merit and can set according to specific needs; Therefore to realize the flow of intelligent control argon bottom-blowing, only need stir merit to ε-ratio to set, then second programmable logic controller (PLC) of VD stove refining bottom blown gas Controlling System can calculate the flow of argon bottom-blowing in time according to formula and above-mentioned processing parameter, then the argon bottom-blowing flow this calculated carries out outputting on the power element mass flow controller (MFC) of VD stove refining bottom blown gas Controlling System, thus realizes the object of the flow of intelligent control argon bottom-blowing.
The control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, efficiently solve the phenomenon of the not enough or excessive molten steel splash of flow of the on-the-spot flow too small molten steel face rolling often occurred, the slag that overflows, thus effectively reduce the consumption of the energy and material.
The control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, described mass flow controller (MFC) adopts range ratio to be the mass flow controller (MFC) of the large adjustment ratio of 1: 500; It adopts model to be the mass flow controller of Flox [on] S500.
Realization in the present invention regulates greatly the mass flow controller (MFC) of ratio, by the method integrated by two proportion magnetic valves, thus effectively range ratio is brought up to 1: 500 from 1: 50; Not only its design comparison is simple, and can ensure that its measuring accuracy is constant, still remain on ± 1%.
Participation Fig. 1 is known, the control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, its Signal transmissions controller being calculated the flow of argon bottom-blowing according to formula and above-mentioned processing parameter is to the large mass flow controller (MFC) regulating ratio, this mass flow controller (MFC) comprises the first controlling brancher and the second controlling brancher, described first controlling brancher is arranged the first signal amplifier and the first proportion magnetic valve; Described second controlling brancher is arranged second signal amplifier and the second proportion magnetic valve; According to the regulating and controlling of mass flow controller (MFC), realize the object of the flow of intelligent control argon bottom-blowing.
The present invention adopts the quick adjustment regulating and not only achieve argon bottom-blowing flow than the controlling elements (MFC) being 1: 500, keep than stirring the constant of merit, and accurately control argon bottom-blowing flow, also can effectively reduce the free free height of ladle, improve production capacity.
The control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, the common variation range of described vacuum chamber pressure P2 is 1.01X10
5-67Pa, when VD refining, vacuum chamber pressure P2 reaches capacity vacuum 20Pa.
In control method of the present invention, the usual variation range of described vacuum chamber pressure P2 is 1.01X10
5-67Pa, wherein, as preferred embodiment, the present invention is applied to vacuum tightness for several times and arrives in the VD stove of 20Pa, and P2 is higher for this vacuum chamber pressure, illustrates that the performance of this equipment is better.
The control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, described is 100-400W/t than stirring work value.
In control method of the present invention, processing parameter is belonged to than the value stirring merit, grasp is revised by the process engineer of each steel mill, be generally 100-400W/t, each process engineer needs specifically to set the numerical value than stirring merit according to the technique of smelting steel grade, is calculated the flow of argon bottom-blowing by programmable logic controller (PLC) by the numerical value of the ratio stirring merit of setting in real time.
Control method of the present invention realizes controlling argon bottom-blowing flow, the control data of accurate-metering, curve contribute to each steel enterprise in conjunction with self metallurgical process industrial analysis and Continuous optimization molten steel quality reduce consumption, give full play to the maximum metallurgical effect of VD stove refining bottom blowing from technological angle.
The control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, described communication module is siemens 6GK7343-1CX10-OXEO communication module.
The control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, described analog output module is siemens 6ES7332-5HD01-OABO analog output module.
The control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove of the present invention refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, Balance Treatment VD makes steel the bottom blowing stirring effect of each process: molten steel arrives at a station, and vacuumizes the sampling of front soft blow thermometric; Vacuum pump is opened, and argon blowing rate is the function of vacuum tightness: in fidelity null process, point atm number vacuum outgas and weak the blowing of little tolerance promote that impurity thing floats, adopt again during vacuum breaker soft blow realize molten steel go be mingled with, homogeneous, calm.The omnidistance argon bottom-blowing model set up that relies on, by PLC time variable control, solves the phenomenon of the not enough or excessive molten steel splash of flow of the on-the-spot flow too small molten steel face rolling often occurred, the slag that overflows, reduces the energy and supplies consumption.
See Fig. 1, VD Argon graphic representation, wherein, in figure:
I curve representation VD refining Argon system curve, it is described as follows:
1, molten steel arrives at a station, and falls soft blow before vacuum (-tight) housing, and thermometric samples; Avoid slag acutely to roll, just appeared with molten steel and be advisable;
2, at the VD process initial stage, because in molten steel, carbon oxygen concn is higher, decarbonization rate is very fast, a large amount of CO and argon gas acting in conjunction can aggravate the boiling in molten bath, if argon bottom-blowing flow and vacuum degree control improper, easily cause molten steel splash or excessive slag, therefore should adopt first low Argon system;
3, vacuum (-tight) housing pressure is reduced to 67Pa, enters fidelity sky.Adopt the vacuum outgas of large argon gas amount: regulate argon bottom-blowing flow, both sides molten steel (referring to 2 blocks of gas permeable bricks) area of appearing accounts for 45% ~ 55% of large tank area, molten steel seethes height 450 ~ 550mm; Under 0 ~ 67Pa pressure, total vacuum time of protecting is not less than 15min, and this is the main period of dehydrogenating molten steel, therefore should adopt rear high Argon system;
4, vacuum soft blow goes to be mingled with: after VD stove guarantor vacuum time reaches 10min, little argon gas amount vacuum outgas soft blow, impels inclusion floating: turning BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING tolerance down to blowing top of the slag diameter 90 ~ 100mm open, making molten steel be in soft blow state 5 ~ 8min;
5, vacuum breaker: argon flow amount being transferred to minimum (if argon gas device regulates than not reaching processing requirement, can argon bottom-blowing be turned off), starting vacuum breaker after top of the slag calmness; Operator keeps molten slag layer covering to make molten steel not exposed according to TV as far as possible;
6, vacuum (-tight) housing is removed, and adds insulating covering agent: lose insulating covering agent and cover the full top of the slag, and regulate BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING to soft blow, 8 ~ 25 minutes soft blow time.Now do not appear with molten steel, top of the slag slight fluctuations is advisable.
II curve represents curve of vacuum, and it is described as follows:
1, ladle is placed in VD stove, and molten steel surface pressure is 0.1Mpa;
2, after falling vacuum (-tight) housing, vacuum pump is opened, and VD stove vacuum (-tight) housing internal pressure is extracted into 67Pa from 0.1Mpa;
3, after vacuum (-tight) housing pressure to 67Pa, the about 15 ~ 18min of vacuum time is protected;
4, vacuum breaker: after VD refining is degassed, broken empty, molten steel surface pressure returns to 0.1Mpa.
III curve represents argon blowing rate curve, and it is described as follows:
1, Argon system when black representative is smelted in curve, except vacuumizing link, represents Argon setting flux values;
2, set(ting)value passes to MFC by PLC, and the adjustment ratio of MFC is 1: 500, the 1# proportional valve work of range 0 ~ 400NL/min. flow in 0 ~ 60NL/min, MFC, and flux lower limit is 1NL/min; The 2# proportional valve work of flow in 60 ~ 400NL/min, MFC;
3, VD process initial stage when vacuum pump is opened, because in molten steel, carbon oxygen concn is higher, decarbonization rate is very fast, a large amount of CO and argon gas acting in conjunction can aggravate the boiling in molten bath, if argon bottom-blowing flow and vacuum degree control improper, easily cause molten steel splash or excessive slag, therefore control method of the present invention should be adopted, automatically regulate MFC argon blowing rate value by PLC according to vacuum tightness, argon bottom-blowing flow is associated completely with vacuum tightness, molten steel splash or excessive slag do not occur;
4, the MFC model that the present invention adopts is the metallurgical nonshared control unit of Flox [on] S500, possesses following advantage:
(1) thermal mass metering method, curve can be analyzed for technologist, promotes the optimization of Argon system, promotes VD metallurgical reaction effect.
(2) after flow set, 3 ~ 6S actual value just arrives set(ting)value, non-overshoot.
(2) input pressure compensate function; During intake pressure fluctuation, export argon flow amount and keep stable;
(3) output pressure compensate function; During the pressure surge that gas permeable brick exports, export argon flow amount and keep stable; Universal controller now argon flow amount exports and can produce considerable change with back-pressure surges.
(4) MFC possesses the design function of gas permeable brick protection; use model is the MFC of Flox [on] S500; the gas permeable brick life-span can extend (can seeing that actual flow is slowly decline when declining, preventing gas permeable brick air blowing element from sucking molten steel).
Above embodiment is only exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and be not used in restriction the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.Those skilled in the art can in essence of the present invention and protection domain, and make various amendment or equivalent replacement to the present invention, this amendment or equivalent replacement also should be considered as dropping in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. one kind realizes the control method that when refining of VD stove vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls:
1) processing parameter is read:
First programmable logic controller (PLC) of VD furnace control system is for reading real-time processing parameter: vacuum chamber pressure, bag bottom pressure, liquid steel temperature and steel quality;
2) processing parameter signal is transmitted:
By step 1) in the processing parameter that reads be transferred to second programmable logic controller (PLC) of VD stove refining bottom blown gas Controlling System by industrial communication module;
3) setting is than the numerical value stirring merit:
Need to carry out the numerical value that the concrete ratio of setting one stirs merit according to technique;
4) the second programmable logic controller (PLC) is according to formulae discovery argon bottom-blowing flow;
Second programmable logic controller (PLC) is according to step 3) in setting ratio stir work value go out argon bottom-blowing flow according to formulae discovery; Its formula is as follows:
ε=6.18 × 10-
3qT/W × [(1-273/T)+ln (P1/P2)], in formula, ε is that W is steel quality, and Q is argon bottom-blowing flow, and T is liquid steel temperature, and P1 is bag bottom pressure, and P2 is vacuum chamber pressure than stirring merit;
5) argon bottom-blowing flow is exported;
By step 4) in the numerical value of argon bottom-blowing flow that obtains be transferred on the power element mass flow controller (MFC) of VD stove refining bottom blown gas Controlling System by the analog output module of the second programmable logic controller (PLC), carry out the flow controlling argon bottom-blowing.
2. the control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove according to claim 1 refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, is characterized in that:
Described mass flow controller (MFC) adopts range ratio to be the mass flow controller (MFC) of the large adjustment ratio of 1: 500; It adopts model to be the mass flow controller of Flox [on] S500.
3. the control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove according to claim 2 refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, is characterized in that:
The common variation range of described vacuum chamber pressure P2 is 1.01X10
5-67Pa, when VD refining, vacuum chamber pressure P2 can reach capacity vacuum 20Pa.
4. the control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove according to claim 3 refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, is characterized in that:
Described is 100-400W/t than stirring work value.
5. the control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove according to claim 4 refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, is characterized in that:
Described communication module is siemens 6GK7 343-1CX10-OXEO communication module.
6. the control method that when a kind of VD of realization stove according to claim 5 refining vacuumizes, bottom blown gas accurately controls, is characterized in that:
Described analog output module is siemens 6ES7 332-5HD01-OABO analog output module.
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