CN104591864A - Organic molybdenum containing soilless culture matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic molybdenum containing soilless culture matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104591864A CN104591864A CN201410755673.8A CN201410755673A CN104591864A CN 104591864 A CN104591864 A CN 104591864A CN 201410755673 A CN201410755673 A CN 201410755673A CN 104591864 A CN104591864 A CN 104591864A
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- soilless culture
- molybdenum
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses an organic molybdenum containing soilless culture matrix and a preparation method thereof. The organic molybdenum containing soilless culture matrix provided by the invention includes animal urine, crop straw, industrial and agricultural by-products, molybdate, manufactured sand and other raw materials. Through mixing and fermentation of the animal urine, crop straw, industrial and agricultural by-products and molybdate, an organic molybdenum containing decomposed organic matter can be obtained, and the decomposed organic matter is mixed with the manufactured sand to form the organic molybdenum containing soilless culture matrix.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cultivation technique without soil field, be specifically related to a kind of soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The challenge that China reduces by population growth, soil is very severe, population accounts for total world population's 1/4, but the cultivated area had is only 1/7 of world's total area under cultivation, according to statistics in 2000, whole nation per capita cultivated land is only 0.01 hm2, soilless culture can provide and exceed normal soil and cultivate several times even product amount of more than ten times, can utilize sandy beach, the barren land such as saline and alkaline produces agricultural-food, for food safety security system is laid a solid foundation.China is the country that water quality resource is quite poor, and be listed in one of 13 poor-water states in the world, national water resources ownership per capita is only 1/4 of world's per capita share, annual lack of water about 30,000,000,000 m of agricultural
3, soilless culture, as the effective means of water-saving agriculture, will play its important effect at drought and water-scarce area.China's facility cultivation development rapidly, to become, many regional agriculturals are got rich, the effective means of growth of agricultural efficiency, but the result of cultivated since long, soil in protected field cultivation continuous cropping obstacle increasingly sharpens, soilless culture is playing as the effective means of radical cure soil cultivation continuous cropping obstacle and is acting on, and will extensively be applied from now in facility cultivation.
Soilless culture substrate needs all nutritive substances providing plant-growth needs, and each nutritive substance wants scientific and reasonable collocation, meets demand of plant growth.The method of artificial interpolation fertilizer is simple, but Fertilizer nutrient comparison of ingredients is single, often cause nutritive element scarcity or ratio not science, and fertilizer price is higher, is unfavorable for reducing costs.
A lot of soilless culture substrate uses the natural sands such as river sand as the batching of soilless culture substrate at present, but the natural sand particle size range such as river sand are narrower, the porosity formed during preparation matrix is more single, be unfavorable for the demand of different root system of plant to culture medium porosity, and natural sand price is higher, belong to natural resources, its forming process cycle is long, total amount is limited, easily cause when fishing natural river sand destroying the problems such as river course, farmland, water conservancy, therefore, natural sand is unsuitable for using in a large number in soilless culture.
In addition, along with Living consumption improves the requirement to agricultural product quality, cultivation technique without soil, outside the requirement of satisfied raising output, more needs the quality and the nourishing function that improve agricultural-food.Research shows, rare elements has and important effect in maintenance human body and animal health.
The coexpress that crop lacks molybdenum is that plant is short and small, grows suppressed, leaf chlorosis, withered so that downright bad.Leguminous crop lacks molybdenum, and Radical extension is bad, and knurl is little and lack, and nitrogen fixing capacity is weak or can not fixed nitrogen, and because leguminous crop has special needs to molybdenum, therefore easily occur to lack molybdenum phenomenon, for this reason, first molydbenum fertilizer should be concentrated and be applied on leguminous crop.Lack molybdenum maximum in the possibility of acid soil, it is more common than clayey soil that sandy soil lacks molybdenum.In humans and animals body, molybdenum shortage can cause retarded growth, dysautonomia, bone growth slowly, extremely.
In sum, a kind of excellent soilless culture substrate be prepared, the problem of the aspects such as soilless culture substrate nutritive ingredient, the selection of filling batching, the quality of product and health-care effect must be considered simultaneously, solve the deficiencies in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum and preparation method thereof is provided, the present invention just animals urine, agricultural crop straw, agriculture and industry waste, molybdate mixing is fermented, obtain the decomposed organic matter containing organic-molybdenum, decomposed organic matter and Machine-made Sand are mixed and made into the soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum by a certain percentage.
The present invention realizes in the following way:
Containing a soilless culture substrate for organic-molybdenum, comprise the raw material of following weight part: animals urine 100-200 part, agricultural crop straw 250-400 part, industrial or agricultural by product 100-500 part, molybdate 0.05-0.1 part, Machine-made Sand 400-1000 part.
As above containing a soilless culture substrate for organic-molybdenum, comprise the raw material of following weight part: animals urine 120 parts, agricultural crop straw 300 parts, industrial or agricultural by product 400 parts, molybdate 0.3 part, Machine-made Sand 600 parts.
As above containing the soilless culture substrate of organic-molybdenum, described agricultural crop straw comprise in rice straw, maize straw, cassava stalk, sugarcane stalk more than one.Agricultural crop straw derives from plant itself, is rich in the whole nutritive elements needed for plant, and wide material sources, cheap, be beneficial to making soilless culture substrate.
As above containing the soilless culture substrate of organic-molybdenum, described industrial or agricultural by product comprise in vinasse, rice bran, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, dregs of beans, cassava starch dregs, beer residue, pomace, Chinese herb residues, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, wooden chaff, tree bark powder, coconut palm chaff, changing food waste, Boiler Ash more than one.Agriculture and industry waste source is wide, price is low, containing abundant organism, becomes the nutritive substance needed for plant-growth after undergoing microbial fermentation.
As above containing a soilless culture substrate for organic-molybdenum, the particle diameter of described Machine-made Sand is 0.3-4.0 mm.Machine-made Sand size can control according to demand, is convenient to the porosity size adjusted in the soilless culture substrate of different plant, is conducive to the growth of root system of plant, improve plant growth rate, and Machine-made Sand is cheap, is applicable to large-scale soilless culture.
As above containing a preparation method for the soilless culture substrate of organic-molybdenum, comprise the steps:
(1) batch mixing fermentation: it is 0.5-2 cm that agricultural crop straw 250-400 part is crushed to length, mix with animals urine 100-200 part, industrial or agricultural by product 100-500 part, molybdate 0.05-0.1 part, must be fermented bed material, fermentation bed material ferments at 28-35 DEG C, every 12 hours stirrings once, terminate fermentation after 14-21 days, obtain decomposed organic matter; Agricultural crop straw is pulverized, is not only beneficial to and becomes thoroughly decomposed and fermentable, and the stalk residue after becoming thoroughly decomposed can make soilless culture substrate become fluffy, be beneficial to root system of plant and breathe; Animals urine contains the composition needed for plant such as urea and phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, zinc, and wherein excellent nitrogenous fertilizer is not only by urea, also has reductibility, molybdate can be reduced into red organic-molybdenum; The microorganisms such as subtilis, intestinal bacteria, yeast are inoculated in fermentation bed material naturally, these microorganisms are except being converted into except vegetable fertilizer by organism in fermentation bed material, by molybdate conversion organic-molybdenum, can also solve a difficult problem low to inorganic molybdenum absorption and use efficiency for plant.
(2) add batching: mixed with Machine-made Sand 400-1000 part by decomposed organic matter, obtain the soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum.According to floristic difference, adopt the Machine-made Sand of different ratios and different-grain diameter size, can ensure that the porosity of soilless culture substrate meets the demand of plant root growth.
Advantage of the present invention and positively effect:
1, contain organic-molybdenum in soilless culture substrate of the present invention, soilless cultivation plant can be improved to the absorption of molybdenum element and utilization, make molybdenum form organic-molybdenum in plant, improve the molybdenum element content of plant, increase the nutrition and health care effect of plant.
2, molybdate conversion is organic-molybdenum by the physiological action of the urea reductive action in animals urine and microorganism by the present invention, solves the difficult problem that inorganic molybdenum generates organic-molybdenum, reduces the use cost of organic-molybdenum.
3, Machine-made Sand of the present invention can carry out control size according to demand, is convenient to the porosity size adjusted in the soilless culture substrate of different plant, is conducive to the growth of root system of plant, improves plant growth rate.
4, agricultural crop straw of the present invention derives from plant itself, is rich in the whole nutritive elements needed for plant, and the stalk residue after becoming thoroughly decomposed can make soilless culture substrate become fluffy, is beneficial to root system of plant and breathes.
5, the soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum of the present invention is nutritious, with low cost, preparation method simple, is applicable to extensive generation and uses.
6, animals urine, agricultural crop straw, industrial or agricultural by-product resource utilize by the present invention, both avoid environmental pollution, and turn improve the utility value of material, and had good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described, be easier to be understood, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments to make advantages and features of the invention.
embodiment 1
Containing a soilless culture substrate for organic-molybdenum, comprise the raw material of following weight part: animals urine 120 parts, agricultural crop straw 300 parts, industrial or agricultural by product 400 parts, molybdate 0.05 part, Machine-made Sand 600 parts.
Described agricultural crop straw comprises rice straw, maize straw, cassava stalk, sugarcane stalk.
Described industrial or agricultural by product comprises vinasse, rice bran, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, dregs of beans, cassava starch dregs, beer residue, pomace, Chinese herb residues, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, wooden chaff, tree bark powder, coconut palm chaff, changing food waste, Boiler Ash.
The particle diameter of described Machine-made Sand is 0.3 mm.
The method of the described soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum of preparation, comprises the steps:
(1) batch mixing fermentation: it is 2 cm that agricultural crop straw 300 parts is crushed to length, mix with animals urine 120 parts, industrial or agricultural by product 400 parts, molybdate 0.05 part, must be fermented bed material, fermentation bed material ferments at 28 DEG C, every 12 hours stirrings once, terminate fermentation after 21 days, obtain decomposed organic matter;
(2) add batching: mixed by decomposed organic matter and Machine-made Sand 600 parts, obtain the soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum.
embodiment 2
Containing a soilless culture substrate for organic-molybdenum, comprise the raw material of following weight part: animals urine 100 parts, agricultural crop straw 350 parts, industrial or agricultural by product 100 parts, molybdate 0.08 part, Machine-made Sand 1000 parts.
Described agricultural crop straw comprises rice straw, sugarcane stalk.
Described industrial or agricultural by product comprises Semen Maydis powder, dregs of beans, cassava starch dregs, beer residue, pomace, Chinese herb residues, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, wooden chaff, tree bark powder.
The particle diameter of described Machine-made Sand is 4 mm.
The method of the described soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum of preparation, comprises the steps:
(1) batch mixing fermentation: it is 1 cm that agricultural crop straw 350 parts is crushed to length, mix with animals urine 100 parts, industrial or agricultural by product 350 parts, molybdate 0.08 part, must be fermented bed material, fermentation bed material ferments at 30 DEG C, every 12 hours stirrings once, terminate fermentation after 14 days, obtain decomposed organic matter;
(2) add batching: mixed by decomposed organic matter and Machine-made Sand 1000 parts, obtain the soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum.
embodiment 3
Containing a soilless culture substrate for organic-molybdenum, comprise the raw material of following weight part: animals urine 150 parts, agricultural crop straw 400 parts, industrial or agricultural by product 500 parts, molybdate 0.06 part, Machine-made Sand 800 parts.
Described agricultural crop straw comprises rice straw, maize straw, cassava stalk.
Described industrial or agricultural by product comprises vinasse, rice bran, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, wooden chaff, tree bark powder, coconut palm chaff, changing food waste, Boiler Ash.
The particle diameter of described Machine-made Sand is 1 mm.
The method of the described soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum of preparation, comprises the steps:
(1) batch mixing fermentation: it is 0.5 cm that agricultural crop straw 400 parts is crushed to length, mix with animals urine 150 parts, industrial or agricultural by product 500 parts, molybdate 0.06 part, must be fermented bed material, fermentation bed material ferments at 32 DEG C, every 12 hours stirrings once, terminate fermentation after 20 days, obtain decomposed organic matter;
(2) add batching: mixed by decomposed organic matter and Machine-made Sand 800 parts, obtain the soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum.
embodiment 4
Containing a soilless culture substrate for organic-molybdenum, comprise the raw material of following weight part: animals urine 200 parts, agricultural crop straw 250 parts, industrial or agricultural by product 500 parts, molybdate 0.1 part, Machine-made Sand 400 parts.
Described agricultural crop straw comprises rice straw, cassava stalk, sugarcane stalk.
Described industrial or agricultural by product comprises vinasse, rice bran, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, dregs of beans, cassava starch dregs, beer residue, pomace, Chinese herb residues, coconut palm chaff, changing food waste, Boiler Ash.
The particle diameter of described Machine-made Sand is 2 mm.
The method of the described soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum of preparation, comprises the steps:
(1) batch mixing fermentation: it is 1.5 cm that agricultural crop straw 250 parts is crushed to length, mix with animals urine 200 parts, industrial or agricultural by product 500 parts, molybdate 0.1 part, must be fermented bed material, fermentation bed material ferments at 28 DEG C, every 12 hours stirrings once, terminate fermentation after 18 days, obtain decomposed organic matter;
(2) add batching: mixed by decomposed organic matter and Machine-made Sand 400 parts, obtain the soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum.
Claims (6)
1. the soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum, it is characterized in that, comprise the raw material of following weight part: animals urine 100-200 part, agricultural crop straw 250-400 part, industrial or agricultural by product 100-500 part, molybdate 0.05-0.1 part, Machine-made Sand 400-1000 part.
2. a kind of soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the raw material comprising following weight part: animals urine 120 parts, agricultural crop straw 300 parts, industrial or agricultural by product 400 parts, molybdate 0.05 part, Machine-made Sand 600 parts.
3. a kind of soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described agricultural crop straw comprise in rice straw, maize straw, cassava stalk, sugarcane stalk more than one.
4. a kind of soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described industrial or agricultural by product comprise in vinasse, rice bran, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, dregs of beans, cassava starch dregs, beer residue, pomace, Chinese herb residues, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, wooden chaff, tree bark powder, coconut palm chaff, changing food waste, Boiler Ash more than one.
5. a kind of soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described Machine-made Sand is 0.3-4.0 mm.
6. the preparation method of a kind of soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum as described in any one of claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) batch mixing fermentation: it is 0.5-2 cm that agricultural crop straw 250-400 part is crushed to length, mix with animals urine 100-200 part, industrial or agricultural by product 100-500 part, molybdate 0.05-0.1 part, must be fermented bed material, fermentation bed material ferments at 28-35 DEG C, every 12 hours stirrings once, terminate fermentation after 14-21 days, obtain decomposed organic matter;
(2) add batching: mixed with Machine-made Sand 400-1000 part by decomposed organic matter, obtain the soilless culture substrate containing organic-molybdenum.
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