CN104589939B - Cross-medium aircraft with changeable shape like sailfish - Google Patents
Cross-medium aircraft with changeable shape like sailfish Download PDFInfo
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- CN104589939B CN104589939B CN201410104607.4A CN201410104607A CN104589939B CN 104589939 B CN104589939 B CN 104589939B CN 201410104607 A CN201410104607 A CN 201410104607A CN 104589939 B CN104589939 B CN 104589939B
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Abstract
Provided is a cross-medium aircraft with a changeable shape like a sailfish. The streamline type appearance of the sailfish is simulated by a machine body (2). A head pointed cone (1) is arranged at the head portion of the machine body (2) to divide water flow. A pair of angle-changeable water wings (3) are installed on the two sides of the front portion of the machine body (2) respectively. The aircraft is controlled to sink or float in water by adjusting the positive tapping angle and the negative tapping angle of the pair of angle-changeable water wings (3). A pair of scale-shaped rectifying covers are installed on the two sides of the middle of the machine body (2) respectively. A pair of self-adaption spiral paddles (4) capable of rotating in an inclined mode are installed on the scale-shaped rectifying covers (5) through a pair of spherical multi-freedom-degree linkage steering gears (6). An X-shaped tail wing (7) is arranged at the middle rear section of the machine body (2). An underwater-propulsion spiral paddle (8) is installed at the tail portion of the machine body (2). By means of the cross-medium aircraft, the design principles and bionics principles of the aircraft and an autonomous underwater vehicle are successfully applied, and the designed cross-medium aircraft has the good running capacity in fluid of two different types including air and water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aircraft field is and in particular to a kind of across the medium aircraft of bionical deformation.
Background technology
At present, across medium new concept aircraft is by the multi-specialized Integrated design such as aircraft, submarine navigation device, both can be
Airflight, again can be in fly close to water surface moreover it is possible to the multifunctional all New Equipments moving under water under water.The work of this aircraft
Pattern can be divided into airflight pattern, fly close to water surface pattern, Water Exit surface model and pattern of moving under water under water, can be according to task need
Ask and changed between various mode of operations.
Across medium manned aircraft can utilize the blind area of various detecting devices, switches air-sea operational mode to hide enemy's
Monitor, " stealthy " operation is realized in unconventional mode, can be used for executing the tasks such as naval reconnaissance, strike, extraordinary force projection.
Across medium unmanned vehicle can be with matching equipments such as submarine, surface ships, for executing information gathering, the investigation prison of sky over strait
Depending on, the task such as communication relay, electronic countermeasure.In view of before across medium aircraft has important military value and wide application
Scape, both at home and abroad each main military power be engaged in the exploitation of such New Equipments always, and achieve a series of achievement in research.
But due to across medium aircraft core technology cover professional field is wide, technical difficulty big, more particularly, to the setting of underwater navigation
, there is very big difference with Aircraft Design in meter part, be mainly reflected in layout, structure, power, control and water-stop design etc.
Aspect, the research in this field both at home and abroad at present is substantially all tests also in general conception design, tackling problems in key technologies and model machine
In the card stage, country is not yet had successfully to develop the product with engineering practical value.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at not yet having country successfully to develop across the medium flight with engineering practical value
Device product, and provide a kind of imitative sailfish variable configuration across medium aircraft scheme.
The present invention including fuselage, a pair of variable-angle hydrofoil, a pair of self adaptation can tilted propeller, a pair of squama shape whole
Stream cover, a pair of spherical multi-freedom connection steering gear, x T tail and underwater propulsion propeller, fuselage imitates the streamlined of sailfish
Profile, fuselage head is provided with head pointed cone to separate current, and a pair of variable-angle hydrofoil is separately mounted to fore-body both sides, leads to
Overregulate the positive negative angle of attack of a pair of variable-angle hydrofoil to control aircraft dive or floating in water, a pair of squama shape trousers divides
It is not arranged on waist both sides, a pair of self adaptation can pass through a pair of spherical multi-freedom connection steering gear by tilted propeller respectively
It is arranged on a pair of squama shape trousers, x T tail is arranged on fuselage posterior segment, underwater propulsion propeller is arranged on afterbody.
Advantages of the present invention: the present invention is to combine aircraft with submariner device principle, is simultaneously introduced bionic design
Across the medium aircraft of the novel concept that theory proposes.Across the medium aircraft of imitative sailfish tilting rotor proposed by the present invention is in air water
The technical elements such as dynamic layout, variable configuration light overpressure resistant structure, power propulsion system, multi-mode control and water-stop design obtain
Compared with quantum jump, can preferably realize patten transformation and the operation of water null process, mobility is good, task carries out, and ability is considerable.
Specific technology solution route is as follows:
1st, in terms of the gas and water using across medium moves layout comprehensive Design, follow strictly aircraft and submariner device sets substantially
Meter principle, by imitating physical shapes and the componental movement mechanism of marine organisms sailfish, completes the dynamic placement scheme of gas and water and sets
Meter.Layout design method based on bionics principle not only makes conceptual design more science, can also greatly reduce airflight
The resistance especially moving under water under water.In addition, to control aircraft to float or dive using rotary type hydrofoil, relatively using conventional latent
The construction weight of hydrophone culvert system design is lighter.
2nd, in variable structural form light overpressure resistant structure and water-stop design aspect, using carbon fibre reinforced composite, glass
The high intensity such as steel, high-quality carry out the unconventional Novel compressive body of molding than material, make aircraft while weight is light enough
Also there is good anti-pressure ability, simultaneously fuselage lateral arrangement annular bearing bulkhead, longitudinally using longitudinal load-carrying member, by whole
Body formed technology, arrangement stagewise watertight compartment, the mode such as flange seal technology and dynamic sealing technology are realizing light overpressure resistant watertight
Structure design, is greatly improved the water sealing property of housing construction.
3rd, in terms of using power source and propulsion system adaptation scheme across medium, using oily electric hybrid system,
Drive propulsion plant using aero-engine during airflight, charge a battery simultaneously, accumulator is used under water as dynamic
The power energy realizes underwater propulsion, preferably solves the problems, such as that the aerial and underwater engine energy is incompatible；Choosing in propulsion plant
Select, because the Design Mechanism difference of aero propulsion and underwater propulsion unit is larger, more it is apparent that aerial and spiral under water
Paddle type and size make a big difference, and thus tend to propulsion plant that is aerial and being respectively adopted a set of coupling under water, that is, empty
Middle employing airscrew propulsion, can reduce engine inlets opening and be beneficial to water-stop, the middle-size and small-size scheme of underwater propulsion
Using marine propeller, larger schemes adopt pump sprayer to realize propulsion.
4th, in terms of across medium flying vehicles control strategy, first can be by the reasonable speed controlling aircraft so as to not
Close or identical with Reynolds number when running in medium.In view of in the air different with the communication mode adopting under water it is therefore desirable to set
Meter a set of compatibility short wave communication and the control device of long-wave communication.Secondly, aircraft needs in water surface landing and underwater navigation, when
Certain impact will be produced to its operation stability when stormy waves is larger, the advanced control algolithms such as Based Intelligent Control can be adopted to realize
Microvariations control.Further, since the present invention program in the air with water position of centre of gravity configuration different it is therefore desirable to navigating by water ring
Change its position of centre of gravity, small-sized across medium aircraft can design a set of intelligent mechanism to be passed through to adjust accumulator when border changes
Adjusting center of gravity, big-and-middle-sized across medium aircraft can be using plural tanks design, by changing the fuel of different fuel case for position
Distribution reconfigures realizing position of centre of gravity.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is present configuration schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of present invention deformation state under water.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the present invention includes fuselage 2, a pair of variable-angle hydrofoil 3, a pair of self adaptation can tilted propeller
4th, a pair of squama shape trousers 5, a pair of spherical multi-freedom connection steering gear 6, x T tail 7 and underwater propulsion propeller 8, fuselage 2
Imitate the streamlined contour of sailfish, fuselage 2 head is provided with head pointed cone 1 to separate current, and a pair of variable-angle hydrofoil 3 is pacified respectively
Be contained in fuselage 2 front part sides, by adjust the positive negative angle of attack of a pair of variable-angle hydrofoil 3 control aircraft in water dive or
Float, a pair of squama shape trousers 5 is separately mounted to fuselage 2 middle part both sides, a pair of self adaptation can pass through one by tilted propeller 4 respectively
Connect steering gear 6 to spherical multi-freedom to be arranged on a pair of squama shape trousers 5, x T tail 7 is arranged on fuselage 2 posterior segment, water
Lower propelling screws 8 are arranged on fuselage 2 afterbody.
Operation principle: sailfish is that marine organisms went swimming is fastest, average speed per hour 90km/h, scooter during short distance
120km/h.The fuselage of the program imitates the streamlined contour of sailfish, can substantially reduce when airflight is especially moved under water under water
Resistance, front can be flowed quickly to both sides separately by the sharp vertebra 1 of its head；Fore-body about location arrangements of sailfish pectoral fin one
To variable-angle hydrofoil 3, can use as canard during airflight, can be attacked by adjusting the positive and negative of hydrofoil 3 when moving under water in water
Angle come to control aircraft float or dive, can also be played by the differential motion of hydrofoil 3 increases the effect of horizontal shipping-direction stability；
Waist arrange a pair of self adaptation can tilting duct propeller 4, for providing the lift needing during airflight and thrust,
And provide aircraft Water Exit when vertical direction enough lift so as to can not need on the water surface as helicopter
Slide and just can be transformed into during underwater mode and then need can vert by spherical multi-freedom connection steering gear 6 with VTOL
Shrouded propeller 4 folds back, to reduce resistance when moving under water under water；It is arranged in the squama shape trouserss 5 in the middle part of body, no
Only can be used to protect electromotor, folding and unfolding main landing gear, may also operate as strengthening the work of aircraft water surface floating state balanced capacity
With；In order to adapt to the needs running in the air and under water two kinds of different mediums, employ oily electric hybrid system design,
Aerial is flight offer power using the turbo oar engine being built in rear in body, simultaneously for accumulator charging, then leads under water
Cross accumulator drive arrangement and realize propulsion in the motor of body afterbody and underwater propeller 8；Afterbody employs x type tail
7 designs, such type tail has been widely used in Modern submarine, has preferable space multistory orientation transfer capability, also can be same
When play drag reduction and increase steady effect, be equally applicable on board the aircraft.
Aircraft body structure using carbon fibre reinforced composite, using integral shaping method, arranges segmentation on a large scale
Formula watertight compartment, flange seal technology and dynamic sealing technology improve the water sealing property of structure.In variable configuration mechanism design aspect,
Mainly include a pair of variable-angle hydrofoil 3 and a pair of self adaptation can tilted propeller 4.A pair of variable-angle hydrofoil 3 passes through a pair
The transformation to realize positive negative angle of attack for the rotation of spherical multi-freedom connection steering gear 6, a pair of self adaptation can tilted propeller 4 first be revolved
Go to proper angle to fold back again.In terms of control strategy, in conjunction with the present invention program, design is a set of to take into account aerial, the water surface, water
Many sail modes of lower different fluid disturbed conditions, control mode and communication mode and the adjustment of various configuration position of centre of gravity control
System, airflight is passed through underwater propulsion propeller 8 thrust, a pair of variable-angle hydrofoil 3 and x type tail 7 and is realized aircraft
Motor-driven and control, then pass through under water to adjust the positive negative angle of attack of a pair of variable-angle hydrofoil 3, empennage rudder face and underwater propulsion propeller 8
To carry out pose adjustment and manipulation.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of across the medium aircraft of imitative sailfish variable configuration is it is characterised in that it includes fuselage (2), a pair of variable-angle hydrofoil
(3), a pair of self adaptation can tilted propeller (4), a pair of squama shape trouserss (5), a pair of spherical multi-freedom connection steering gear
(6), x T tail (7) and underwater propulsion propeller (8), fuselage (2) imitates the streamlined contour of sailfish, and fuselage (2) head is provided with
Separating current, a pair of variable-angle hydrofoil (3) is separately mounted to fuselage (2) front part sides to head pointed cone (1), by adjusting one
Aircraft dive or floating in water are controlled to the positive negative angle of attack of variable-angle hydrofoil (3), a pair of squama shape trouserss (5) is respectively
It is arranged on both sides in the middle part of fuselage (2), a pair of self adaptation can pass through a pair of spherical multi-freedom connection turn by tilted propeller (4) respectively
It is arranged on a pair of squama shape trouserss (5) to device (6), x T tail (7) is arranged on fuselage (2) posterior segment, underwater propulsion propeller
(8) it is arranged on fuselage (2) afterbody.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410104607.4A CN104589939B (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | Cross-medium aircraft with changeable shape like sailfish |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410104607.4A CN104589939B (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | Cross-medium aircraft with changeable shape like sailfish |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104589939A CN104589939A (en) | 2015-05-06 |
| CN104589939B true CN104589939B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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| CN201410104607.4A Active CN104589939B (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | Cross-medium aircraft with changeable shape like sailfish |
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Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105836124A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-08-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Unmanned underwater aircraft |
| CN106904271B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2019-05-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of variant mechanism for vertical take-off and landing drone |
| CN107416156A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-12-01 | 深圳潜水侠创新动力科技有限公司 | Vert the control system and its method of nacelle underwater remote-control submarine |
| CN107839418B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2020-08-04 | 吉林工程技术师范学院 | Flying automobile and method for automatically controlling flying attitude thereof |
| CN107933229A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-20 | 中北大学 | Balloon flighter quadrotor flight trolley |
| CN207809768U (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-09-04 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | A kind of unmanned vehicle |
| CN107985537B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-07-07 | 吉林大学 | Novel duct type amphibious underwater vehicle |
| CN109436321A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-08 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of water sky of bionical electric ray is dual-purpose to detect dozen type unmanned plane |
| CN109760836A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-17 | 姜佩奇 | A kind of amphibious submersible of air-sea |
| CN110217064B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2022-08-30 | 上海海事大学 | Amphibious submersible vehicle |
| CN111114772A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 中国特种飞行器研究所 | Triphibian cross-medium aircraft capable of taking off and landing vertically |
| CN111703574A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-25 | 中南大学 | Dolphin-imitated variable configuration cross-medium aircraft |
| CN111959209B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-10-14 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Amphibious robot with wheel fin structure |
| CN112339514A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Water-air amphibious wing-changing type unmanned aerial vehicle |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1190072A (en) * | 1997-02-08 | 1998-08-12 | 贺瑞华 | Fish herding airplane |
| US6116539A (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2000-09-12 | Williams International Co. L.L.C. | Aeroelastically stable forward swept wing |
| RU2261823C1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-10-10 | Олег Васильевич Черемушкин | Flying vehicle |
| CN202163617U (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-03-14 | 袁祖六 | Multi-axis aircraft |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1190072A (en) * | 1997-02-08 | 1998-08-12 | 贺瑞华 | Fish herding airplane |
| US6116539A (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2000-09-12 | Williams International Co. L.L.C. | Aeroelastically stable forward swept wing |
| RU2261823C1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-10-10 | Олег Васильевич Черемушкин | Flying vehicle |
| CN202163617U (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-03-14 | 袁祖六 | Multi-axis aircraft |
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| CN104589939A (en) | 2015-05-06 |
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