CN104582201A - An energy-saving street lamp system based on intelligent control of the Internet of Things and its control method - Google Patents
An energy-saving street lamp system based on intelligent control of the Internet of Things and its control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种城镇照明系统，特别是涉及一种基于物联网智能控制的节能路灯系统。The invention relates to an urban lighting system, in particular to an energy-saving street lamp system based on intelligent control of the Internet of Things.
背景技术Background technique
路灯是人们日常生活不可或缺的基础性公共设施，随着经济的快速发展，道路负荷的增大，道路安全引起人们越来越多的关注，城镇照明系统的重要性和节能性之间的不协调也备受关注。目前，城镇照明系统采用传统的光控或时控的控制方式，整夜运行且以恒定的光照强度照明，既与实际路况信息脱节，又浪费了电能，还给管理和维护带来不便。Street lights are an indispensable basic public facility for people's daily life. With the rapid development of economy and the increase of road load, people pay more and more attention to road safety. The importance of urban lighting system and energy saving Incongruity is also a concern. At present, the urban lighting system adopts the traditional light control or time control control method, which runs all night and illuminates with a constant light intensity, which is out of touch with the actual road condition information, wastes electric energy, and brings inconvenience to management and maintenance.
采用先进的城镇照明系统，可确保系统稳定高效且有效节电，目前物联网技术日渐成熟，在生活中开始得到广泛应用，但所使用的城镇照明系统并未很好的与物联网技术结合起来。The use of advanced urban lighting system can ensure the system is stable, efficient and effective in saving electricity. At present, the Internet of Things technology is becoming more and more mature and has been widely used in daily life. However, the urban lighting system used is not well combined with the Internet of Things technology. .
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种基于物联网智能控制的节能路灯系统及其控制方法，解决现有照明系统与实际路况信息脱节、持续照明造成能源浪费的问题，以及无法有效监控造成管理和维护困难的问题。The present invention provides an energy-saving street lamp system based on the intelligent control of the Internet of Things and its control method, which solves the problems of disconnection between the existing lighting system and actual road condition information, energy waste caused by continuous lighting, and difficulties in management and maintenance caused by inability to effectively monitor.
本发明与现有技术相同，包括主控中心、分控中心和控制单元中心，主控中心通过无线通信网络与一个或一个以上分控中心进行双向通信，分控中心通过无线通信网络与其他分控中心及一个或一个以上控制单元中心进行双向通信，不同之处在于：控制单元中心分别设置在路灯上，包括数据处理单元、输入单元、定位单元、环境检测单元、脉宽调制单元、时钟存储单元和数据传输单元，输入单元的输入键盘和液晶显示器与数据处理单元相应I/O口连接，定位单元的北斗或GPS定位模块与数据处理单元相应I/O口连接，环境检测单元的光强检测模块通过放大电路，经A/D转换电路后与数据处理单元相应I/O口连接，脉宽调制单元经稳压电路后与数据处理单元相应I/O口连接，时钟存储单元附晶振电路，与数据处理单元相应I/O口连接，数据传输单元经过无线通信网络与分控中心或其他控制单元中心进行双向通信。The present invention is the same as the prior art, including a main control center, a sub-control center and a control unit center, the main control center conducts two-way communication with one or more sub-control centers through a wireless communication network, Two-way communication between the control center and one or more control unit centers, the difference is that the control unit centers are respectively set on the street lights, including data processing unit, input unit, positioning unit, environment detection unit, pulse width modulation unit, clock storage Unit and data transmission unit, the input keyboard and liquid crystal display of the input unit are connected to the corresponding I/O port of the data processing unit, the Beidou or GPS positioning module of the positioning unit is connected to the corresponding I/O port of the data processing unit, and the light intensity of the environmental detection unit The detection module is connected to the corresponding I/O port of the data processing unit through the amplification circuit and the A/D conversion circuit, the pulse width modulation unit is connected to the corresponding I/O port of the data processing unit after the voltage stabilization circuit, and the clock storage unit is attached to the crystal oscillator circuit , connected to the corresponding I/O port of the data processing unit, and the data transmission unit conducts two-way communication with the sub-control center or other control unit centers through the wireless communication network.
环境检测单元可根据需求增加模块，如可增加磁阻传感器模块，可增加热释电红外传感器模块，还可增加多普勒雷达测速模块，数据处理单元可为所增加的模块分配I/O口。The environmental detection unit can add modules according to the demand, such as adding a magnetoresistive sensor module, a pyroelectric infrared sensor module, and a Doppler radar speed measurement module, and the data processing unit can allocate I/O ports for the added modules .
数据传输单元可采用GPRS、3G、WiFi、ZigBee中的一种，较之于其它三种无线通信模式，ZigBee可以实现自组网，在分控中心或控制单元中心的数量或位置有变化时仍能重新组网，形成新的通信网络，因此本发明的数据传输单元采用ZigBee无线通信模块。The data transmission unit can adopt one of GPRS, 3G, WiFi, and ZigBee. Compared with the other three wireless communication modes, ZigBee can realize ad hoc The network can be reorganized to form a new communication network, so the data transmission unit of the present invention adopts a ZigBee wireless communication module.
作为改进，所述热释电红外传感器的探头可结合使用菲涅尔透镜以增大有效探测距离。As an improvement, the probe of the pyroelectric infrared sensor can be combined with a Fresnel lens to increase the effective detection distance.
一种基于物联网智能控制的节能路灯系统的控制方法：A control method for an energy-saving street lamp system based on intelligent control of the Internet of Things:
控制单元中心可根据主控中心的指令或自行调节路灯工作状态；The control unit center can adjust the working status of street lights according to the instructions of the main control center or by itself;
数据传输单元接收到主控中心的指令后，控制单元中心按指令要求控制路灯的亮灭和照明时长；After the data transmission unit receives the instruction from the main control center, the control unit center controls the on and off of the street lamp and the lighting duration according to the instruction;
正常情况下，每天的日出时间至日落时间，路灯系统处于待机状态，若遇上其它因素导致天气变暗，环境检测单元的光强检测模块会将信息传递给数据处理单元，数据处理单元启动脉宽调制单元产生波形控制路灯的亮灭；自日落时间开始，路灯持续亮至深夜，自深夜起，系统进入智能模式，当有人或车出现在路灯周围时，环境检测单元会将信息传递给数据处理单元，数据处理单元控制脉宽调制单元产生波形控制路灯的亮灭，并根据人或车的速度计算本路灯的照明时长及下一盏路灯点亮的起始时间，如果下一盏路灯在没有接收到本路灯的信号或者还没到预定的起始点亮时间时又检测到人或车了，则优先按检测到人或车的方式点亮路灯。Under normal circumstances, the street lighting system is on standby from sunrise to sunset every day. If other factors cause the weather to become dark, the light intensity detection module of the environmental detection unit will transmit the information to the data processing unit, and the data processing unit will start The pulse width modulation unit generates a waveform to control the on and off of the street lamp; from sunset time, the street lamp continues to be on until late at night, and the system enters the intelligent mode from late at night, when someone or a car appears around the street lamp, the environment detection unit will pass the information to Data processing unit, the data processing unit controls the pulse width modulation unit to generate waveforms to control the on and off of street lamps, and calculates the lighting duration of this street lamp and the starting time of the next street lamp lighting according to the speed of people or vehicles, if the next street lamp When the signal of the street lamp is not received or a person or a car is detected before the scheduled start lighting time, the street lamp is preferentially lit in the way that a person or a car is detected.
无论控制单元中心正在执行主控中心的指令还是在自行调节路灯工作状态，一旦路灯出现异常亮灭，数据处理单元启动定位单元获取该路灯的信息，通过数据传输单元将其反馈到分控中心，最终反馈到主控中心。Regardless of whether the control unit center is executing the instructions of the main control center or adjusting the working status of the street lamp by itself, once the street lamp is abnormally turned on and off, the data processing unit starts the positioning unit to obtain the information of the street lamp, and feeds it back to the sub-control center through the data transmission unit. Finally feed back to the main control center.
本发明的优点与效果是：Advantage and effect of the present invention are:
本发明结合使用物联网和无线通信技术，设置了可扩展的环境检测单元，实现了可根据实际路况信息调节路灯工作状态，可反馈故障路灯信息的功能，且可按需改变路灯工作状态，在不影响行人和车辆行进的前提下既能避免电能浪费，又能给管理和维护带来方便。The present invention combines the use of the Internet of Things and wireless communication technology to set up an expandable environment detection unit, which realizes the function of adjusting the working state of the street lamp according to the actual road condition information, feeding back the information of the faulty street lamp, and changing the working state of the street lamp on demand. Under the premise of not affecting the travel of pedestrians and vehicles, it can not only avoid the waste of electric energy, but also bring convenience to management and maintenance.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明控制单元中心安装示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the central installation of the control unit of the present invention.
图中标号为：1、路灯；2、控制单元中心。The labels in the figure are: 1, street lamp; 2, control unit center.
图2为本发明控制单元中心的结构图。Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the control unit center of the present invention.
图中标号为：201、数据处理单元；202、输入单元；203、定位单元；204、环境检测单元；205、脉宽调制单元；206、时钟存储单元；207、数据传输单元。The numbers in the figure are: 201, data processing unit; 202, input unit; 203, positioning unit; 204, environment detection unit; 205, pulse width modulation unit; 206, clock storage unit; 207, data transmission unit.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
图1给出了本发明一实施例控制单元中心安装示意图，图2给出了图1所述实施方式中控制单元中心2的结构图。FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the installation of the control unit center according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a structural diagram of the control unit center 2 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .
一种基于物联网智能控制的节能路灯系统，其架构如下：主控中心通过无线通信网络与一个或一个以上分控中心进行双向通信，分控中心通过无线通信网络与其他分控中心及一个或一个以上控制单元中心2进行双向通信。An energy-saving street lamp system based on the intelligent control of the Internet of Things. Its architecture is as follows: the main control center conducts two-way communication with one or more sub-control centers through the wireless communication network, and the sub-control center communicates with other sub-control centers and one or more sub-control centers through the wireless communication network. More than one control unit center 2 communicates bidirectionally.
在本实施例中，控制单元中心2分别设置在路灯上，包括数据处理单元201、输入单元202、定位单元203、环境检测单元204、脉宽调制单元205、时钟存储单元206和数据传输单元207，输入单元202的输入键盘和液晶显示器与数据处理单元201相应I/O口连接，定位单元203的北斗或GPS定位模块与数据处理单元201相应I/O口连接，环境检测单元204的光强检测模块通过放大电路，经A/D转换电路后与数据处理单元201相应I/O口连接，脉宽调制单元205经稳压电路后与数据处理单元201相应I/O口连接，时钟存储单元206附晶振电路，与数据处理单元201相应I/O口连接，数据传输单元207经过无线通信网络与分控中心或其他控制单元中心2进行双向通信。In this embodiment, the control unit center 2 is respectively set on the street lamps, including a data processing unit 201, an input unit 202, a positioning unit 203, an environment detection unit 204, a pulse width modulation unit 205, a clock storage unit 206 and a data transmission unit 207 , the input keyboard of the input unit 202 and the liquid crystal display are connected with the corresponding I/O port of the data processing unit 201; The detection module is connected to the corresponding I/O port of the data processing unit 201 through the amplification circuit and the A/D conversion circuit, the pulse width modulation unit 205 is connected to the corresponding I/O port of the data processing unit 201 after the voltage stabilization circuit, and the clock storage unit 206 is attached with a crystal oscillator circuit, connected to the corresponding I/O port of the data processing unit 201, and the data transmission unit 207 performs two-way communication with the sub-control center or other control unit centers 2 through the wireless communication network.
控制单元中心2用于根据主控中心的指令或自行调节路灯的工作状态，其中：The control unit center 2 is used to adjust the working state of the street lamp according to the instruction of the main control center or by itself, wherein:
数据处理单元201使用了STM32单片机，用于根据经纬度计算路灯所在地的日出日落时间，根据路况控制路灯的亮灭，在发现路灯异常亮灭时获取故障路灯的信息并反馈给分控中心，在任何时候接收到分控中心的指令，按指令控制路灯工作状态；The data processing unit 201 uses an STM32 single-chip microcomputer, which is used to calculate the sunrise and sunset time of the location of the street lamp according to the latitude and longitude, control the on and off of the street lamp according to the road conditions, and obtain the information of the faulty street lamp when it is found that the street lamp is abnormally on and off, and feed it back to the sub-control center. Receive instructions from the sub-control center at any time, and control the working status of the street lights according to the instructions;
输入单元202由键盘和液晶显示器组成，用于输入和显示经纬度及日期时间；The input unit 202 is composed of a keyboard and a liquid crystal display, and is used for inputting and displaying latitude and longitude and date and time;
定位单元203由卫星导航系统接收器SoC解决方案、电平串口、稳压电路和电容滤波电路组成，用于定位故障路灯所在地；The positioning unit 203 is composed of a satellite navigation system receiver SoC solution, a level serial port, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a capacitor filter circuit, and is used to locate the location of the faulty street lamp;
环境检测单元204由光强检测模块、A/D转换模块和信号放大电路组成，用于检测路况以确定是否需要照明，路灯的亮灭信息还可作为是否存在故障的判断依据；The environment detection unit 204 is composed of a light intensity detection module, an A/D conversion module and a signal amplifying circuit, and is used to detect road conditions to determine whether lighting is needed, and the on-off information of street lamps can also be used as a basis for judging whether there is a fault;
脉宽调制单元205由PWM脉宽调制型控制器和稳压电路组成，用于产生PWM方波控制继电器，从而控制路灯的渐亮和渐灭；The pulse width modulation unit 205 is composed of a PWM pulse width modulation controller and a voltage stabilizing circuit, and is used to generate a PWM square wave to control the relay, thereby controlling the fading on and off of the street lamp;
时钟存储单元206由时钟芯片和晶振电路组成，用于存储实时更新的日期和时间；Clock storage unit 206 is made up of clock chip and crystal oscillator circuit, is used for storing the date and time of real-time update;
控制单元系统数据传输单元207由无线通信模块组成，用于完成与分控中心和其它控制单元中心2的通信。The control unit system data transmission unit 207 is composed of a wireless communication module, and is used to complete the communication with the sub-control center and other control unit centers 2 .
环境检测单元204可根据需求增加模块，例如为检测道路是否有车辆经过，可增加包括磁阻传感器模块；为检测道路是否有行人经过，可增加热释电红外传感器模块；为检测行人或车辆的速度，可增加多普勒雷达测速模块。The environment detection unit 204 can add modules according to requirements, for example, to detect whether a vehicle passes by on the road, a magnetoresistive sensor module can be added; to detect whether a pedestrian passes by on the road, a pyroelectric infrared sensor module can be added; Speed, you can increase the Doppler radar speed measurement module.
数据传输单元207可采用GPRS、3G、WiFi、ZigBee中的一种传输方式，本发明的数据传输单元207采用ZigBee无线通信模块。The data transmission unit 207 can adopt a transmission mode among GPRS, 3G, WiFi, and ZigBee, and the data transmission unit 207 of the present invention adopts a ZigBee wireless communication module.
为给行人和车辆提供足够大的照明区域，所述热释电红外传感器的探头结合使用了菲涅尔透镜，使得有效探测距离增大到10米。In order to provide a sufficiently large illumination area for pedestrians and vehicles, the probe of the pyroelectric infrared sensor uses a Fresnel lens in combination, so that the effective detection distance is increased to 10 meters.
所述的控制单元中心2包括一块备用可充电电池，在断电情况下该电池支持系统续航工作。The control unit center 2 includes a spare rechargeable battery, which supports the continuous work of the system in case of power failure.
一种基于物联网智能控制的节能路灯系统的控制方法：A control method for an energy-saving street lamp system based on intelligent control of the Internet of Things:
控制单元中心2可根据主控中心的指令或自行调节路灯工作状态；The control unit center 2 can adjust the working status of street lights according to the instructions of the main control center or by itself;
数据传输单元207接收到主控中心的指令后，控制单元中心2按指令要求控制路灯的亮灭和照明时长；After the data transmission unit 207 receives the instruction from the main control center, the control unit center 2 controls the on and off of the street lamp and the lighting duration according to the instruction;
正常情况下，每天的日出时间至日落时间，路灯系统处于待机状态，若遇上其它因素导致天气变暗，环境检测单元204的光强检测模块会将信息传递给数据处理单元201，数据处理单元201启动脉宽调制单元205产生波形控制路灯的亮灭；自日落时间开始，路灯持续亮至深夜，自深夜起，系统进入智能模式，当有人或车出现在路灯周围时，环境检测单元204会将信息传递给数据处理单元201，数据处理单元201控制脉宽调制单元205产生波形控制路灯的亮灭，并根据人或车的速度计算本路灯的照明时长及下一盏路灯点亮的起始时间，如果下一盏路灯在没有接收到本路灯的信号或者还没到预定的起始点亮时间时又检测到人或车了，则优先按检测到人或车的方式点亮路灯。Under normal circumstances, the street light system is on standby from sunrise to sunset every day. If other factors cause the weather to become dark, the light intensity detection module of the environment detection unit 204 will transmit the information to the data processing unit 201, and the data processing The unit 201 starts the pulse width modulation unit 205 to generate a waveform to control the on and off of the street lamp; from the time of sunset, the street lamp continues to be on until late at night, and since late at night, the system enters the intelligent mode, when people or cars appear around the street lamp, the environment detection unit 204 The information will be transmitted to the data processing unit 201, and the data processing unit 201 controls the pulse width modulation unit 205 to generate waveforms to control the on and off of street lamps, and calculate the lighting duration of this street lamp and the on-off of the next street lamp according to the speed of people or vehicles. If the next street lamp detects a person or a car when it does not receive the signal of the street lamp or has not yet reached the scheduled start lighting time, the street lamp will be lit in the way that the person or car is detected.
无论控制单元中心2正在执行主控中心的指令还是在自行调节路灯工作状态，一旦路灯出现异常亮灭，数据处理单元1启动定位单元203获取该路灯的信息，通过数据传输单元207将其反馈到分主控中心。Regardless of whether the control unit center 2 is executing the instructions of the main control center or adjusting the working state of the street lamp by itself, once the street lamp is abnormally turned on and off, the data processing unit 1 starts the positioning unit 203 to obtain the information of the street lamp, and feeds it back to the street lamp through the data transmission unit 207. sub-main control center.
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