CN104579452A - 用于关于diseqc协议的冲突识别的系统和方法 - Google Patents

用于关于diseqc协议的冲突识别的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN104579452A
CN104579452A CN201410559371.3A CN201410559371A CN104579452A CN 104579452 A CN104579452 A CN 104579452A CN 201410559371 A CN201410559371 A CN 201410559371A CN 104579452 A CN104579452 A CN 104579452A
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约翰·尼日欧雷克
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Dadny Inc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
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    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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    • H04N21/63Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
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Abstract

一种用于关于DiSEqC协议的冲突识别的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:生成将要发送到DiSEqC设备的命令;请求调谐器将命令发送到DiSEqC设备;所述方法进一步包括:在生成命令的步骤之后并且在请求调谐器发送命令的步骤之前,执行以下步骤:从调谐器发送ODU_PowerOFF?DiSEqC命令到DiSEqC设备;在ODU_PowerOFF?DiSEqC命令导致将调谐器解锁的情况下停止调谐器;从调谐器发送“ODU_Channel_change”DiSEqC命令以便请求将DiSEqC设备重新调谐为新的参数;在调谐器根据所请求的参数被锁定的情况下假设没有冲突。

Description

用于关于DISEQC协议的冲突识别的系统和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于关于DiSEqC协议的冲突识别的系统和方法。
背景技术
DiSEqC(数字卫星设备控制)是用于在卫星接收器与如多碟切换器或小型碟形天线转子的设备之间使用的通信协议。DiSEqC是由Eutelsat开发的,Eutelsat现在是所述协议的标准机构。
存在许多版本的DiSEqC:DiSEqC 1.0,其允许在多达4个卫星源之间切换;DiSEqC 1.1,其允许在多达16个源之间切换;以及DiSEqC 1.2,其允许在多达16个源之间切换和控制单轴卫星电动机。
低于2的DiSEqC协议版本是单工(单向)的,并且没有来自从属设备的任何应答。这种从属设备可以是UNICABLE设备,有时也称为“单芯电缆配线”模块。UNICABLE是允许在单条同轴电缆上传送广播并且消除了LNB与接收器的调谐器之间的许多电缆的卫星电视技术。例如,将经由单条同轴电缆给包括四个调谐器的数字录像机供应电视数据,并且每个调谐器将能够访问卫星频带的任何所选部分(用于多个接收器的全频谱访问)。
UNICABLE模块是可使用DISEqC命令来寻址的可寻址模块的实例。DiSEqC命令序列是作为数字字被连续传输。标准序列字是形成一个字节的八个位(递增次序),后面接着一个奇偶检验位(奇数)。DiSEqC数据命令序列含有帧字节、地址字节和命令字节,这些字节后面可以接着数据字节。
被要求在单芯电缆配线装置中操作的接收器在本质上可以是常规的。所述接收器应能够调谐到用户信道(在正常IF调谐范围内)并且用发布DiSEqC命令所需的22kHz信号来调制LNB电源电压。所述接收器于是将仅需要软件修改来作为单芯电缆配线接收器操作(来源:Wikipedia)。
在UNICABLE环境中,当两个或更多个设备同时使用通信总线时,DiSEqC的单向通信引起冲突情形。因此,没有设备可以正确进行其动作,这是因为发送的消息将被破坏。消息将由于总线的电气布置而不是由于消息内容而被破坏。电压电平和定时参数一起失真,因此接收器不能对消息进行解码。
标准EN 50494描述了确定冲突发生的几种方法,但所有这些方法都仅具有理论价值。
标准EN 50494的第21页上说道:“…在DiSEqC序列失败的情况下,正在解码的传输流保持不变;这种情形可在延迟Tw(Twait)之后通过不同方法来检测。
1.在DiSEqC控制序列之后缺少毁坏的数据包;这个检测是在解调器层次上操作的。Tw_max=DiSEqC序列持续时间+10ms。
2.PCR计数器的连续性;这个检测是在分用器的低层次软件驱动程序中操作的。详情参见EN ISO/IEC 13818-1。Tw_max=DiSEqC序列持续时间+200ms(每100ms刷新PCR)。
3.transport_stream_id值的连续性。Tw_max=DiSEqC序列持续时间+1000ms(带有transport_stream_id的SI信息之间的最大持续时间为500ms)…”。
上述方法中的第一种方法的缺点是,这种方法并不是确定性的(即,在相同条件下,不会发生任何其它情况)。毁坏的数据包可能由于任何原因在任何时间到达,这个原因也可能是不可预测的(风暴使来自卫星的信号失真、小鸟停在转换器上,等等)。
由于相同原因,第二种标准方法不适合用于处理DiSEqC+UNICABLE(或另一个DiSEqC接收器)环境中或有至少两个设备在发送DiSEqC命令的环境中的冲突。
第三种建议方法是非常慢的并且需要额外的一秒来检查调谐器是否被锁定。消费者无法接受最大恢复时间为:7次尝试(如标准所要求的)*(用来检查所需PAT/PMT的1秒+用于调谐器锁定的0.5秒+0.5秒...+所述尝试之间的1秒随机延迟(如标准所要求的))=7*(2....2.5秒)=14...17.5秒的最大恢复时间。
根据第三种选项的方法还引起本来是独立的软件模块之间的相依性。为所有调谐器动作服务的软件模块将取决于PSI(程序特定信息)模块,PSI模块收集来自流的参数。显然,PSI模块仅在调谐器被锁定时可以收集数据,在其它情况下不可以。现在将产生一个环路以便检查正确到达了UNICABLE切换器调谐器模块的DiSEqC命令是否将使用其客户端模块。当然可能以这样的方式编写软件,但是两个模块必须在所有系统/软件配置中存在,以实现可利用的全部调谐器功能。
因此将需要提供一种用于关于DiSEqC协议的冲突识别的改进的方法和系统。优选地,这种方法和系统应允许快速恢复并且不会引起DiSEqC标准所建议的长达17.5秒的恢复时间。
发明内容
本发明的一个目标是一种用于关于DiSEqC协议的冲突识别的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:生成将要发送到DiSEqC设备的命令;请求调谐器将命令发送到DiSEqC设备;所述方法进一步包括:在生成命令的步骤之后并且在请求调谐器发送命令的步骤之前,执行以下步骤:从调谐器发送ODU_PowerOFF DiSEqC命令到DiSEqC设备;在ODU_PowerOFF DiSEqC命令导致将调谐器解锁的情况下停止调谐器;从调谐器发送“ODU_Channel_change”DiSEqC命令以便请求将DiSEqC设备重新调谐为新的参数;在调谐器根据所请求的参数被锁定的情况下假设没有冲突。
优选地,在调谐器未能根据所请求的参数锁定的情况下,执行从调谐器发送“ODU_Channel_change”DiSEqC命令的另一次尝试,以便请求将DiSEqC设备重新调谐为新的参数。
优选地,在调谐器未能解锁的情况下,执行从调谐器发送ODU_PowerOFF DiSEqC命令到DiSEqC设备的另一次尝试。
本发明的另一个目标是一种用于关于DiSEqC协议的冲突识别的系统,所述系统包括:调谐器,其被配置成响应于DiSEqC协议命令将DISEQC命令发送到设备;DiSEqC命令生成器,其用于生成将要响应于DiSEqC协议命令被提供给设备的DiSEqC命令;所述系统进一步包括:DiSEqC冲突检测器,其从DISEQC命令生成器接收生成的DISEQC命令,所述DISEQC冲突检测器被配置成:从调谐器发送ODU_PowerOFF DiSEqC命令到DISEQC设备;在ODU_PowerOFFDiSEqC命令导致将调谐器解锁的情况下停止调谐器;从调谐器发送“ODU_Channel_change”DiSEqC命令以便请求将DiSEqC设备重新调谐为新的参数;在调谐器根据所请求的参数被锁定的情况下假设没有冲突;并且请求调谐器将生成的DiSEqC命令发送到DiSEqC设备。
本发明的另一个目标是一种计算机程序,所述计算机程序包括程序码手段,所述程序码手段用于在所述程序在计算机上运行时进行根据本发明的方法的所有步骤。
本发明的另一个目标是一种计算机可读介质,所述计算机可读介质存储计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令在计算机上被执行时进行根据本发明的方法的所有步骤。
附图说明
在附图上通过示例性实施方案展示本发明,在附图中:
图1呈现根据本发明的方法的示意图;以及
图2呈现根据本发明的系统。
具体实施方式
图1呈现根据本发明的方法的示意图。所述方法应用已知DiSEqC命令的特定定时和布置,所述命令特定来说是:
ODU_ChannelChange EO 10 5A channel_bytel channel_byte2
ODU_PowerOFF EO 10 5A 00 poweroff_byte
“ODU_Channel_change”用来请求将切换器重新调谐为新的参数;而“ODU_PowerOFF”用来指示可以关闭给定的用户频带(UB)频率,因为接收器(如机顶盒)进入待机状态或关机状态。
以上命令用来确定DiSEqC消息是否正确到达其目的地,即,是否已发生冲突情形。
选择这两个特定命令是由于以下事实:调谐器是卫星信号接收器中存在的唯一标准电路,这个电路可以响应于发布的DiSEqC命令而检测系统中是否发生变化。两个命令都是经由单向DiSEqC接口发送的,而没有任何返回信息可利用。
方法在步骤100中从确定将要从调谐器发送到DiSEqC设备(实际上,在大多数情况下这种设备是UNICABLE切换器)的新的重要命令开始,对所述命令来说,其传送失败的风险将被最小化。接下来,在步骤101中,方法进行到从给定调谐器发送ODU_PowerOFF命令到UNICABLE切换器(ODU_PowerOFF通常将如EN50494标准中所定义被发送到UNICABLE切换器,但是可被发送到任何DiSEqC设备)以便关闭指派给给定调谐器的UB。
在步骤101未导致由于特定UB被关闭而将调谐器解锁的情况下(102),方法返回到进行步骤101的另一次尝试。否则,在步骤101导致由于特定UB被关闭而将调谐器解锁的情况下(102),方法进行到步骤103,在这个步骤中停止调谐器。
随后,在方法的步骤104中,使用“ODU_Channel_change”命令来请求将切换器重新调谐为新的参数,从而在步骤105中开启调谐器。如果调谐器适当地锁定到相同UB(这意味着命令在没有冲突的情况下到达,并且数据从新的信道到达)106,那么系统假设107DiSEqC命令正确到达并且与发送DiSEqC命令的另一个设备(例如,与UNICABLE通信的另一个TV信号接收器,这个TV信号接收器是DiSEqC命令生成器,切换器是DiSEqC命令接收器)存在冲突的可能性很低。
在步骤106导致失败的情况下,系统返回到步骤104并且重新尝试执行“ODU_Channel_change”命令,这是因为发生冲突的可能性很高并且在步骤100中选择的命令很可能失败。
只有在步骤107已执行时,才可能经由DiSEqC协议来发送108在步骤100中选择的命令(即,请求调谐器传输这个命令)。此时所述命令将成功的可能性被确定为很高。
所呈现的方法证明与已知方法相比是非常有效的,这是因为:执行这种方法并且最终确定DiSEqC冲突和命令失败的可能性是否很高所需的时间在几百毫秒到1秒的范围内(需要一些时间来再次锁定调谐器或确定调谐器是否无法锁定,这些时间由于不同的硬件和调谐器设备软件驱动程序而在不同系统间可以变化)。
图2呈现根据本发明的系统。卫星碟201所接收的信号例如经由四个LNB 202且因此经由四条同轴电缆被传递到具有四个UB的UNICABLE切换器203(UNICABLE切换器203一般来说是响应于DiSEqC命令的设备)。这四个UB被UNICABLE切换器203输出到单条同轴电缆204中。这个单条同轴电缆204被输入到家中的许多接收器205。每个接收器可以被指派一个UB。因此将分别有UB0接收器至UB3接收器。
图2的底部更详细地展示接收器205。接收器205包括调谐器电路208,所述调谐器电路经由连接的同轴电缆209发送DiSEqC命令。在内部DiSEqC命令生成器206生成DiSEqC命令并且将命令提交给DiSEqC冲突检测器207时,调谐器可提供这类DiSEqC命令,所述DiSEqC冲突检测器在将DiSEqC命令生成器206所生成的DiSEqC命令发送到调谐器208之前应查证是否存在与也在经由同轴UNICABLE 204发送DiSEqC命令的另一个设备(如其它用户的接收器205)发生冲突的低或高风险。
本领域技术人员可容易地认识到,用于DISEQC冲突识别的前述方法可由一个或多个计算机程序来进行和/或控制。这类计算机程序通常通过利用设备的计算资源来执行。计算机程序可存储在例如闪存的非易失性存储器中或例如RAM的易失性存储器(或另外的非暂时性计算机可读介质)中,并且由处理单元来执行。这些存储器是用于存储计算机程序的示例性记录介质,所述计算机程序包括计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令进行根据本文呈现的技术概念的计算机实现的方法的所有步骤。
虽然已参考特定的优选实施方案对本文呈现的本发明进行了描绘、描述和定义,但是前述说明书中的这类参考和实施实例并不暗示对本发明的任何限制。然而将明显的是,可在不脱离技术概念的较广泛范围的情况下对本发明进行各种修改和改变。所呈现的优选实施方案仅是示例性的,并且并未详尽表示本文呈现的技术概念的范围。
因此,保护范围不限于说明书中所描述的优选实施方案,而仅受以下权利要求书的限制。
另外,本申请中设想了所附权利要求书的任何组合。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于关于DiSEqC协议的冲突识别的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
生成(100)将要发送到DiSEqC设备(203)的命令;
请求(108)调谐器(208)将所述命令发送到所述DiSEqC设备(203);
所述方法的特征在于,其进一步包括:
在生成(100)所述命令的步骤之后并且在请求(108)调谐器(208)发送所述命令的步骤之前,执行以下步骤:
从所述调谐器(208)发送(101)ODU_PowerOFF DiSEqC命令到所述DiSEqC设备(203);
在所述ODU_PowerOFF DiSEqC命令导致将所述调谐器(208)解锁的情况下停止所述调谐器(208);
从所述调谐器(208)发送(104)“ODU_Channel_change”DiSEqC命令以便请求将所述DiSEqC设备(203)重新调谐为新的参数;
在所述调谐器(208)根据所请求的参数被锁定(106)的情况下假设(107)没有冲突。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述调谐器未能根据所请求的参数锁定(105)的情况下,执行从所述调谐器(208)发送(104)“ODU_Channel_change”DiSEqC命令的另一次尝试,以便请求将所述DiSEqC设备(203)重新调谐为新的参数。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述调谐器未能解锁(102)的情况下,执行从所述调谐器(208)发送(101)ODU_PowerOFF DiSEqC命令到所述DiSEqC设备(203)的另一次尝试。
4.一种用于关于DiSEqC协议的冲突识别的系统,所述系统包括:
调谐器(208),其被配置成响应于DiSEqC协议命令将DiSEqC命令发送到设备(203);
DiSEqC命令生成器(206),其用于生成将要响应于DiSEqC协议命令被提供给所述设备(203)的DiSEqC命令;
所述系统的特征在于,其进一步包括:
DiSEqC冲突检测器(207),其从所述DiSEqC命令生成器(206)接收所述生成的DiSEqC命令,所述DiSEqC冲突检测器(207)被配置成:
从所述调谐器(208)发送(101)ODU_PowerOFF DiSEqC命令到所述DiSEqC设备(203);
在所述ODU_PowerOFF DiSEqC命令导致将所述调谐器(208)解锁的情况下停止(103)所述调谐器(208);
从所述调谐器(208)发送(104)“ODU_Channel_change”DiSEqC命令以便请求将所述DiSEqC设备(203)重新调谐为新的参数;
在所述调谐器(208)根据所请求的参数被锁定(106)的情况下假设(107)没有冲突,并且请求(108)所述调谐器(208)将所述生成的DiSEqC命令发送到所述DiSEqC设备(203)。
5.一种计算机程序,其包括程序码手段,所述程序码手段用于在所述程序在计算机上运行时进行如权利要求1所述的方法的所有步骤。
6.一种计算机可读介质,其存储计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令在计算机上被执行时进行如权利要求1所述的方法的所有步骤。
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