CN104578141B - Multi-way MPPT photovoltaic inversion system - Google Patents
Multi-way MPPT photovoltaic inversion system Download PDFInfo
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- H02J3/385—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
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- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-way MPPT photovoltaic inversion system which is technically characterized in that an inverter main circuit comprises a plurality of independent photovoltaic inversion units; a plurality of photovoltaic modules are connected with the corresponding photovoltaic inversion units via photovoltaic inversion unit direct current contactors and EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interference) filter circuits respectively; the photovoltaic inversion units are connected with a three-phrase power grid via an LCL (Lower Control Limit) filter circuit; the inverter control circuit is formed by connecting a main station control system and a plurality of slave station control systems; each photovoltaic inversion unit acquires respective alternating current inlet wire current, direct current voltage and direct current; and power grid voltage is acquired by the main station control system of the inverter control circuit and transmitted to the slave station control systems for common use at high speed. The system employs a high-speed communication manner between a main station and a slave station to achieve an inversion output carrier function, and reduces common mode voltage between inverters, the stability and reliability of the system are improved, common mode current through a PV (Photovoltaic) array is reduced, and the service life of a battery board is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photovoltaic inversion technical field, especially a kind of multichannel MPPT photovoltaic inverting systems.
Background technology
Photovoltaic generating system is generally made up of panel array and power conversion (inverter) part, usually requires that in inversion
Low-frequency transformer is placed between device and power network is used for power network and PV array electrical isolations.Non-isolated inverter due to efficiency high,
The advantages such as low cost, small volume are increasingly paid attention to by producer, but, if removing transformer the PV arrays will be made to have with power network
Electrical connection, common mode current can be significantly increased, and bring potential safety hazard, and cell panel can also be exerted an adverse impact.At present,
Being used to improve inverter generated energy with many MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT maximum power point tracking) is
The focus of each producer research, therefore, eliminated under many MPPT structures and flow through the common mode current of PV arrays also into grid-connected
Study hotspot.Document " Transformerless single-phase multilevel-based photovoltaic
Inverter " sets up common mode equivalent model for single-phase bridge-type three-level combining inverter, draws the constant conclusion of common-mode voltage, from
And reduce common mode current, but, the conclusion is in three-phase system and invalid.Document " the level grid-connected inverter common modes of NPC tri- electricity
Stream suppression technology research " analyzes three-level photovoltaic inverter common mode characteristic, it is proposed that enhancing three-level photovoltaic inverter common mode
The indemnifying measure of rejection, but, the method poor practicability, it is difficult to in engineering practice.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of stability is strong, easy to maintenance and can improve
The multichannel MPPT photovoltaic inverting systems of system generated energy.
The present invention solves existing technical problem and takes following technical scheme to realize：
A kind of multichannel MPPT photovoltaic inverting systems, including inverter major loop and inverter control loop, described inversion
Device major loop includes multiple independent photovoltaic inversion units, and multiple photovoltaic modulies pass through D.C. contactor, EMI filter circuit respectively
It is connected in corresponding photovoltaic inversion unit, multiple photovoltaic inversion units are connected on three phase network through LCL filter circuits respectively；
Described inverter control loop is connected and composed by a main website control system and multiple from station control system, each photovoltaic inversion
Unit gather respective alternating current inlet wire electric current as system protection and it is dead when compensation use, the collection of each photovoltaic inversion unit is respective
DC voltage, DC current are used as MPPT tracking, and line voltage is carried out by the main website control system in inverter control loop
Gather and high-speed transfer is used in conjunction with to each from station control system.
And, described photovoltaic inversion unit is two, three, four, six or eight, and described photovoltaic module is two
It is individual, three, four, six or eight, it is described from station control system be two, three, four, six or eight.
And, a contactor is connected between each two photovoltaic inversion unit.
And, the ac filter circuit electric capacity midpoint of the LCL filter circuits is led back to photovoltaic inversion unit DC capacitor
Midpoint, and each photovoltaic inversion unit DC capacitor midpoint short circuit, make each group photovoltaic inversion unit DC side midpoint potential
It is consistent.
And, described main website control system is female by main website high-voltage acquisition plate, high speed communication plate, main website control panel, main website
Plate is sequentially connected composition, the main website high-voltage acquisition plate collection three-phase power grid voltage and contactor electric current and is sent to high speed communication
Plate, the high speed communication plate is connected with from station control system and main website control panel, and by three-phase power grid voltage, contactor electric current
It is sent to from station control system and main website control panel；Main website motherboard collection grid side alternating current is simultaneously sent to main website control panel；
Main website control panel carries out high-speed synchronous to the PWM carrier signals of slave station, the PWM generation carrier phases of every group of slave station is kept one
Cause.
And, described main website control panel includes that CPLD and ARM, the CPLD are responsible for start and stop logic, high speed communication treatment simultaneously
High-speed synchronous are carried out to slave station PWM carrier signals, the PWM generations carrier phase of every group of slave station is consistent；The ARM director
Machine interface, communication and data processing.
And, described high speed communication plate is attached with main website control panel and from station control system using 100M optical fiber.
And, described main website control panel is also connected with a touch-screen.
And, it is described from station control system include slave station high-voltage acquisition plate, slave station PWM plates, slave station motherboard, power panel and
Driving plate is constituted, and the slave station high-voltage acquisition plate, slave station PWM plates, slave station motherboard be sequentially connected and connect, the power panel and driving plate
It is connected with slave station motherboard；Slave station PWM plates are connected with high speed communication plate carries out data transmission；The slave station high-voltage acquisition plate with
Inverter major loop is connected for gathering DC voltage and DC current；The power panel is used for gathering straight with inverter major loop
Flow voltage and for slave station motherboard is powered；The driving plate is connected for the action of driving power switching device with device for power switching.
And, described slave station PWM plates include that DSP and FPGA, the DSP are responsible for the calculating of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter related algorithm, should
FPGA is responsible for collection alternating voltage, alternating current, DC voltage and DC current, enters for system control and protection and with main website
Row data transfer, realizes that control pwm pulse gives.
Advantages and positive effects of the present invention are：
1st, organically be combined together for major loop and control loop by the system, and using at a high speed between main website and slave station
Communication mode realizes inversion outgoing carrier function, reduces the common-mode voltage between each group inverter, improves the stabilization of system
Property and reliability；DC side midpoint reduce further the common mode current for flowing through PV arrays by shorting stub clamper simultaneously, favorably
It is and simple and easy to apply in improving the cell panel life-span.
2nd, each power cell and slave station PWM boards in the system are separate, alternative mutually, maintain easily.
3rd, the system auto parallel Connection photovoltaic module when photovoltaic panel energy is not enough, increases generating dutation and improves the effect that generates electricity
Rate, it is final to improve system generated energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is inverter major loop of the invention and inverter control loop relationship schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of MPPT inversion system major loops in four roads of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of MPPT inversion system major loops in three roads of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the common mode principle isoboles in inverter major loop；
Fig. 5 is the circuit block diagram in inverter control loop；
Fig. 6 is the circuit block diagram of main website control system；
Fig. 7 is the circuit block diagram from station control system.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of multichannel MPPT photovoltaic inverting systems, including inverter major loop and inverter control loop two parts, inversion
Photovoltaic inversion unit in device loop can be multiple, for example, photovoltaic inversion unit can for two, three, four, six or
Eight etc.；Inverter control loop includes a main website control system and multiple from station control system, according to photovoltaic inversion unit
Quantity, can be two, three, four, six or eight etc. from the quantity of station control system；The present embodiment is with four photovoltaics
Inversion unit and four illustrate from as a example by station control system.As shown in figure 1, electric current (the i that major loop is produceddc, i1ABC~
i4ABC) signal, voltage (udc, uABC) signal is sampled in inverter control loop, by computing in inverter control loop
Treatment, produces the switching signal of pwm pulse Setting signal and contactor K1, K2, then goes to control inverter major loop.
As shown in Fig. 2 four road MPPT inversion systems include four independent photovoltaic inversion units, four photovoltaic module PV1,
PV2, PV3, PV4 are connected to four photovoltaic inversion units by photovoltaic inversion unit D.C. contactor, EMI filter circuit respectively
On, four photovoltaic inversion units are connected on three phase network through LCL filter circuits respectively.In the 1st photovoltaic inversion unit and the 2nd light
First contactor K1 is connected between volt inversion unit, is connected between the 3rd photovoltaic inversion unit and the 4th photovoltaic inversion unit
Second contactor K2.Each photovoltaic inversion unit gathers respective alternating current inlet wire electric current i1ABC~i4ABCAs system protection and extremely
When compensation use, gather respective DC voltage udc, DC current idcUsed as MPPT tracking, line voltage uABCBy inverter
Control loop main website control panel is gathered and is used in conjunction with for each slave station PWM plates by high speed communication plate.
In inverter control loop, as DC voltage udcAfter meeting entry condition, photovoltaic inversion unit is closed first straight
Stream contactor, and contactor K1, K2 are closure states when startup per subsystem, and photovoltaic group is made by contactor K1, K2
Part PV1, PV2 and photovoltaic module PV3, PV4 are in parallel respectively, then enable the 1st photovoltaic inversion unit and the 3rd photovoltaic inversion unit simultaneously
Net generates electricity, and photovoltaic module PV1, PV2 is merged into one group and is worked for the 1st photovoltaic inversion unit；Photovoltaic module PV3, PV4 are merged into
One group works for the 3rd photovoltaic inversion unit；This mode of operation equivalent to increased cell panel capacity, when morning can be made grid-connected
Between in advance, make off-network time lag in the evening, increased photovoltaic module use time, increase system gross generation, and in the moon
This mode of operation is used under its cloudy weather, only the 1st photovoltaic inversion unit and the 3rd photovoltaic inversion unit work, due to the 2nd
Photovoltaic inversion unit and the 4th photovoltaic inversion unit do not work, therefore eliminate the 2nd photovoltaic inversion unit and the 4th photovoltaic inversion
The loss of unit the inside LCL filter, improves system generating efficiency.
After the power flowed through on contactor K1, K2 is detected more than certain value, start the 2nd, the 4th photovoltaic inversion unit simultaneously
Net generates electricity, because contactor K1 and the 2nd photovoltaic inversion unit power output sum are equal to the 2nd output power of photovoltaic module, contact
Device K2 and the 4th photovoltaic inversion unit power output sum are equal to the 4th output power of photovoltaic module, therefore with the 2nd, the 4th photovoltaic
Gradually increase power output after inversion unit is grid-connected, the electric current flowed through on K1, K2 can be gradually reduced, until on K1, K2 contactor
Electric current disconnects K1, K2 contactor after being reduced to zero, and electric current is almost nil when now due to disconnecting, therefore will not produce phenomenon of arc discharge,
Every group of photovoltaic inversion unit presses respective MPPT independent operatings after K1, K2 disconnect.
As shown in figure 3, three road MPPT inversion systems are identical with four road MPPT inversion system operation principles.Major loop includes three
Individual independent photovoltaic inversion unit, three photovoltaic modulies PV1, PV2 and PV3 respectively by photovoltaic inversion unit D.C. contactor,
EMI filter circuit is connected in three photovoltaic inversion units, and three photovoltaic inversion units are connected to three through LCL filter circuits respectively
On phase power network.First contactor K1 is connected between the 1st photovoltaic inversion unit and the 2nd photovoltaic inversion unit, it is inverse in the 2nd photovoltaic
Become and be connected with second contactor K2 between unit and the 3rd photovoltaic inversion unit.In inverter control loop, as DC voltage udc
After meeting entry condition, photovoltaic inversion unit D.C. contactor, and contactor K1, K2 when startup per subsystem are closed first
All it is closure state, makes photovoltaic module PV1, PV2 and PV3 in parallel by contactor K1, K2, then enables the 1st photovoltaic inversion list
Unit generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, and photovoltaic module PV1, PV2 and PV3 is merged into one group and is worked for the 1st photovoltaic inversion unit；When detecting contact
More than after certain value, the 2nd inversion unit of startup generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems the power flowed through on device K1, K2；When detecting on contactor K1, K2
More than after bigger setting value, the 3rd inversion unit of startup generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems the power for flowing through.
Photovoltaic panel energy is not relatively high during due to contactor K1, K2 Operating In Persistent Current Mode, flows through the maximum current of contactor K1, K2
Less than rated value, so the contactor capacity selected is smaller than rated power herein.
On the basis of using LCL filter circuits, ac filter circuit electric capacity midpoint is led back into DC capacitor midpoint, and will
The DC capacitor midpoint short circuit of each inverter, is consistent each group inverter direct-flow side midpoint potential.Wherein DC capacitor
Midpoint short circuit can be illustrated with the principle of equal effects shown in Fig. 4：
Shown in Fig. 4, the common-mode voltage produced by 4 groups of photovoltaic inversion unit IGBT modules can be equivalent to Ucm1~
Ucm4.By taking Ucm1 as an example, the common mode current path that it is produced has 2, and 1 is by L1->C1,1 is L1->L2->PCC is public
Concurrent->Greatly->Cpv1.First, 4 groups of triangular carriers of photovoltaic inversion unit are utilized into high speed communication synchronization, due to 4 groups of photovoltaics
The phase lock voltage of inversion unit is derived from same line voltage, so their output voltage gives also relatively, therefore with
Compare generation pwm pulse by synchronous triangular carrier, their switching time can also be relatively close to, and then the common mode electricity for producing
Pressure is also closer, and most of common-mode voltage can cancel out each other between such Ucm1~Ucm4；Compare triangular carrier asynchronous modulation
Method, considerably reduces the common-mode voltage between each photovoltaic inversion unit.Then, each DC capacitor midpoint wire R
Short circuit, then two groups of inverter DC capacitor mid-point voltages make the common-mode voltage between PV arrays be almost by wire clamper
Zero, so as to further reduce the common mode current on PV arrays.
As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, inverter control loop includes a main website control system and four from stand control system
System, main website control system is sequentially connected and is constituted by main website high-voltage acquisition plate, high speed communication plate, main website control panel, main website motherboard, from
Station control system includes slave station high-voltage acquisition plate, slave station PWM plates, slave station motherboard, power panel and driving plate composition, and slave station high pressure is adopted
Collection plate, slave station PWM plates, slave station motherboard are sequentially connected and connect, and power panel and driving plate are connected with slave station motherboard, main website and slave station it
Between high speed communication using 100M optical fiber connect, to meet the real-time of system communication.Four boards from station control system are complete
It is complete the same, can be substituted for each other and separate, advantageously reduce maintenance cost.
Illustrated respectively to main website control system and from station control system below：
As shown in fig. 6, main website high-voltage acquisition plate：It is mainly used to the signals, wherein X1 such as Sample AC voltage, contactor electric current
Port is input into three-phase voltage on line side uABC, X5 terminals input contactor K1 electric currents i12With contactor K2 electric currents i34, X3 terminals will be main
The voltage and current signal of high-voltage acquisition of standing plate collection is sent to high speed communication plate.
Main website motherboard：The grid side alternating current I that the input of X3 terminals is sampled through Hall current sensorABC, and it is female in main website
Signal transacting is carried out on plate, main website control panel is sent to by X9 terminals.
High speed communication plate：Be connected by 100M optical fiber with the slave station PWM plates from station control system, realize main website and slave station it
Between high-speed data communications；The 1 of X3 terminals, 2 ports are used for sending data to slave station PWM plates, using serial communication mode, send
Data include alternating voltage, carrier synchronization signal, start and stop logical signal etc.；3,4 ports of X3 terminals are used for receiving slave station PWM plates
Data, including fault-signal, logic control signal etc..
Main website control panel：Main control chip is made up of CPLD and ARM, and CPLD is responsible in the aspects such as start and stop logic, high speed communication
Hold, while carrying out high-speed synchronous to the PWM carrier signals of slave station, be consistent the PWM generations carrier phase of every group of slave station；
ARM chief leading cadre's machines interface, upper machine communication and correlation computations.The external scram button in port 5 of X5 terminals, to urgent pass
Machine.The port 6 of X5 terminals connects insulation failure detection, with inspection system insulation situation.
As shown in fig. 7, from station control system slave station high-voltage acquisition plate, slave station motherboard, power panel, driving plate and slave station PWM
Plate is constituted.
Slave station high-voltage acquisition plate is mainly used to DC current of sampling, and judges earth fault.X5 terminal input direct-current electric currents idc；
Relative to the potential of the earth PE be compared DC side both positive and negative polarity by X2 ports, to determine whether earth fault；X3 terminals will
The DC current signal and earth-fault signal of slave station high-voltage acquisition plate collection are sent to PWM plates.
Slave station motherboard：The grid side alternating current I that the input of X3 terminals is sampled through Hall current sensorABC, and it is female in slave station
Signal transacting is carried out on plate；X4 terminals are input into heat-sink temperature signal；X9 terminals are connected with slave station PWM plates, are sent out to slave station PWM plates
Current signal and heat-sink temperature signal are sent, and receives the pwm pulse signal of slave station PWM transmissions；The X1 of X5 terminals and driving plate
Terminal is connected, and is used to for pwm pulse signal to be sent to driving plate.
Driving plate：Driving plate is acted for driving power switching device, from the production of CONCEPT companies
2SP0115T2Ax series drive modules.
Power panel：Power panel is mainly used to collection DC voltage and is responsible for being powered to motherboard.
Slave station PWM plates：Main control chip is made up of DSP and FPGA, and wherein DSP is responsible for photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter related algorithm, FPGA
Being responsible for collection alternating voltage, alternating current and DC voltage, DC current is used for system and controls and protect, while high by optical fiber
Fast communication module and main website carry out data transmission, and control pwm pulse to give.
It is emphasized that embodiment of the present invention is illustrative, rather than limited, therefore present invention bag
The embodiment for being not limited to described in specific embodiment is included, it is every by those skilled in the art's technology according to the present invention scheme
The other embodiment for drawing, also belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of multichannel MPPT photovoltaic inverting systems, including inverter major loop and inverter control loop, it is characterised in that：Institute
The inverter major loop stated includes multiple independent photovoltaic inversion units, and multiple photovoltaic modulies pass through D.C. contactor, EMI respectively
Filter circuit is connected in corresponding photovoltaic inversion unit, and multiple photovoltaic inversion units are connected to three through LCL filter circuits respectively
On phase power network；Described inverter control loop is connected and composed by a main website control system and multiple from station control system, often
Individual photovoltaic inversion unit gather respective alternating current inlet wire electric current as system protection and it is dead when compensation use, each photovoltaic inversion unit
Gather respective DC voltage, DC current as MPPT tracking use, line voltage by inverter control loop main website control
System processed is acquired and high-speed transfer is used in conjunction with to each from station control system；
Described main website control system is sequentially connected by main website high-voltage acquisition plate, high speed communication plate, main website control panel, main website motherboard
Constitute, the main website high-voltage acquisition plate gathers three-phase power grid voltage and contactor electric current and is sent to high speed communication plate, the height
Fast communication board is connected with from station control system and main website control panel, and by three-phase power grid voltage, contactor electric current be sent to from
Station control system and main website control panel；Main website motherboard collection grid side alternating current is simultaneously sent to main website control panel；Main website is controlled
Plate makes every group of PWM from station control system generate carrier phase to carrying out high-speed synchronous from the PWM carrier signals of station control system
It is consistent；
Described main website control panel includes that CPLD and ARM, the CPLD are responsible for start and stop logic, high speed communication and process and to slave station PWM
Carrier signal carries out high-speed synchronous, is consistent the PWM generations carrier phase of every group of slave station；The ARM is responsible for man-machine interface, leads to
News and data processing.
2. a kind of multichannel MPPT photovoltaic inverting systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described photovoltaic inversion list
Unit is two, three, four, six or eight, and described photovoltaic module is two, three, four, six or eight, described
From station control system be two, three, four, six or eight.
3. a kind of multichannel MPPT photovoltaic inverting systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In each two photovoltaic inversion
A contactor is connected between unit.
4. a kind of multichannel MPPT photovoltaic inverting systems according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that：The LCL
The ac filter circuit electric capacity midpoint of filter circuit is led back to photovoltaic inversion unit DC capacitor midpoint, and each photovoltaic inversion
The DC capacitor midpoint short circuit of unit, is consistent each group photovoltaic inversion unit DC side midpoint potential.
5. a kind of multichannel MPPT photovoltaic inverting systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described high speed communication plate
It is attached using 100M optical fiber with main website control panel and from station control system.
6. a kind of multichannel MPPT photovoltaic inverting systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described main website control panel
It is also connected with a touch-screen.
7. a kind of multichannel MPPT photovoltaic inverting systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described from stand control system
System is made up of slave station high-voltage acquisition plate, slave station PWM plates, slave station motherboard, power panel and driving plate, the slave station high-voltage acquisition plate,
Slave station PWM plates, slave station motherboard are sequentially connected and connect, and the power panel and driving plate are connected with slave station motherboard, the slave station motherboard by
Power panel is powered；Slave station PWM plates are connected with high speed communication plate carries out data transmission；The slave station high-voltage acquisition plate and inverter
Major loop is connected for gathering DC voltage and DC current；The driving plate is connected for driving work(with device for power switching
Rate switching device is acted.
8. a kind of multichannel MPPT photovoltaic inverting systems according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Described slave station PWM plates
Including DSP and FPGA, the DSP is responsible for the calculating of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter related algorithm, and the FPGA is responsible for collection alternating voltage, alternating current
Stream, DC voltage and DC current, carry out data transmission for system control and protection and with main website control panel, realize control
Pwm pulse gives.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410736498.8A CN104578141B (en) | 2014-12-05 | 2014-12-05 | Multi-way MPPT photovoltaic inversion system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410736498.8A CN104578141B (en) | 2014-12-05 | 2014-12-05 | Multi-way MPPT photovoltaic inversion system |
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| CN104578141A CN104578141A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
| CN104578141B true CN104578141B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105743434B (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2018-03-27 | 特变电工西安电气科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic module common-mode voltage suppression system over the ground in a kind of photovoltaic generating system |
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