CN104575478B - A kind of driving element and the Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer comprising the driving element - Google Patents
A kind of driving element and the Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer comprising the driving element Download PDFInfo
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- CN104575478B CN104575478B CN201310472610.7A CN201310472610A CN104575478B CN 104575478 B CN104575478 B CN 104575478B CN 201310472610 A CN201310472610 A CN 201310472610A CN 104575478 B CN104575478 B CN 104575478B
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Abstract
A kind of driving element and the Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer comprising the driving element, the driving element includes the two rareearth super magnetostrictive rods and three pieces of permanent magnets being serially connected, wherein two rareearth super magnetostrictive rods are arranged at intervals along its length, one piece of permanent magnet is arranged between two rareearth super magnetostrictive rods, other two pieces of permanent magnets are arranged on the both ends of rareearth super magnetostrictive rod, three pieces of permanent magnets end contact with rareearth super magnetostrictive rod respectively, length direction of the magnetic direction that permanent magnet is formed parallel to rareearth super magnetostrictive rod.Transducer includes sleeve, the previous irradiation head on the outside of sleeve upper and lower ends and rear radiation head, the driving element and is arranged on the center of sleeve, and the permanent magnet at the driving element both ends is connected by soft magnetism yoke with previous irradiation head, rear radiation head respectively.The driving element can provide the bias magnetic field of stable and uniform for Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer, there is provided suitable prestressing force, so as to improve the operating efficiency of device.
Description
Technical field
A kind of Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer the present invention relates to driving element and comprising the driving element, belongs to acoustics
Sensor technical field.
Background technology
In the 1970s, U.S. A.E.Clark is found that rare earth alloy Fe (Tb, Dy)2With ultra-magnetic telescopic effect,
Alloy maximum strain as caused by magnetostrictive effect is bigger than the piezoelectric ceramics that traditional underwater acoustic transducer uses 6-20 times, energy
Metric density is about 10-20 times of piezoelectric ceramics, and the velocity of sound only has the 2/3-3/4 of piezoelectric ceramics.Therefore, in the condition of same volume
Under, the resonant frequency of ultra-magnetic telescopic underwater acoustic transducer is lower 2/3-3/4 than the resonant frequency of piezoelectric ceramics underwater acoustic transducer.Due to
The transducer manufactured using rare earth ultra-magnetostriction material have transmission power big, small volume, it is in light weight the characteristics of, grinding it
High-power underwater acoustic transducer of low frequency-very low frequency processed etc. has obtained enough attention and application.The flourishing state such as the eighties, the U.S.
Family has now been developed various rare earth transducers, and is applied to military field.Sweden oneself successfully have developed the acoustical power of clearance and reach
151kW IV type flextensional rare earth transducers.But rare earth ultra-magnetostriction material is not only a kind of magnetic conduction, and it is also one kind
Conductive material, therefore, when external magnetic field changes, eddy-current loss will be produced inside rare earth transducer.
Patent document CN101038740A discloses a kind of ultra-low frequency underwater acoustic transducer, each driver element of the transducer
It is middle to have used the rare earth ultra-magnetostriction material rod of an entirety and pasted the rare earth permanent magnet of a disc-shaped at the both ends of the rod
Body, but be that eddy-current loss when being worked when frequency range is higher is bigger, less efficient the shortcomings that the transducer, this is greatly limited
Its application.
Patent document CN101847403A discloses a kind of rare earth giant magnetostrictive composite rod-type transducer, in the transducer
In, rare earth ultra-magnetostriction material is some length identical poles, and pole is uniformly laid along the cylindrical circumference of permanent magnet, and circle
Gap is left between rod and permanent magnet, the invention effectively overcomes whirlpool of the rare earth ultra-magnetostriction material when frequency range is compared with high workload
The shortcomings that stream loss is big, efficiency is low.But due to having used some rareearth super magnetostrictive bars, the program drops to a certain extent
The low reliability of transducer.Patent document US6624539 is directed to a kind of ultra-magnetic telescopic power changing device, wherein, in order to
Solving eddy current problem in use, the main magnetic conductive component of coil rack is formed using powder metallurgy permeability magnetic material, this
Class material has magnetic conduction ability strong, is vortexed the characteristics of small, it is possible to reduce the generation of eddy-current loss heat.Giant magnetostrictive transducer
It is different from piezoelectric ceramic transducer, the problems such as needing to resolve magnetic bias, prestressing force, eddy-current loss in the design.Wherein, it is vortexed
Loss turns into a subject matter for restricting Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer application.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome existing Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer eddy-current loss in application process larger, transducer effect is reduced
The shortcomings that rate, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer driving element, the driving element can
To provide the bias magnetic field of stable and uniform for Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer, there is provided suitable prestressing force, so as to improve device
Operating efficiency.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer for including the driving element.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of driving element, for Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer, the driving element include be serially connected two it is dilute
Native giant magnetostrictive rod and three pieces of permanent magnets, wherein two rareearth super magnetostrictive rods are arranged at intervals along its length, one piece forever
Magnet is arranged between two rareearth super magnetostrictive rods, and two pieces of permanent magnets are arranged on the two of rareearth super magnetostrictive rod in addition
End, three pieces of permanent magnets end contact with rareearth super magnetostrictive rod respectively, the magnetic direction that permanent magnet is formed is parallel to rare earth
The length direction of giant magnetostrictive rod.
In the driving element, rareearth super magnetostrictive rod, permanent magnet, soft magnetism yoke and sleeve constitute in a series arrangement
DC bias magnetic field loop.Rareearth super magnetostrictive rod, coil and coil rack, soft magnetism yoke constitute and exchange magnetic loop.When
When transducer works, alternating magnetic field is produced after coil electricity, rareearth super magnetostrictive rod provides in alternating magnetic field and permanent magnet
Under static magnetic bias field action, magnetostriction vibration is produced, and previous irradiation head, rear spoke have been driven by the mechanical couplings of soft magnetism yoke
The vibration of head is penetrated, realizes the acoustic radiation of transducer.
The rareearth super magnetostrictive rod is bonded through binding agent by flaky rare earth giantmagnetostrictive alloy and formed.The sheet
The thickness of rareearth super magnetostrictive alloy is 1-10mm, and the distance between adjacent two sheets rareearth super magnetostrictive alloy is 0.5-
5mm.Use the bonding rareearth super magnetostrictive rod formed by flaky rare earth giantmagnetostrictive alloy bonding can be big in transducer
The big eddy-current loss reduced in material.
In the driving element of the present invention, the permanent magnet can use neodymium iron boron or samarium-cobalt permanent-magnetic material to be made,
Length direction of its magnetic direction formed parallel to rareearth super magnetostrictive rod so that rareearth super magnetostrictive bar is in
Most uniform and stable part among bias magnetic field.
In the driving element of the present invention, the rareearth super magnetostrictive rod is cylindric, external diameter 20-100mm, internal diameter
For 10-80mm, length 40-500mm；The permanent magnet is circular, external diameter 20-100mm, internal diameter 10-80mm, thickness
For 2-20mm.
The ratio between the length, the external diameter and thickness of permanent magnet that the thickness of permanent magnet is less than magnetostrictive rod is 3-20, and mangneto is stretched
The ratio between the length of contracting rod and external diameter are 2-20, and the length of agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod and the thickness ratio of permanent magnet are 2-30.
Agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod diameter and length tolerance ± 0.08mm, the depth of parallelism and degree control 0.05 with
Under.
A kind of Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer for including the driving element, including sleeve, positioned at sleeve upper and lower ends
The previous irradiation head and rear radiation head in outside, the driving element are arranged on the center of sleeve, and the driving element both ends are forever
Magnet is connected by soft magnetism yoke with previous irradiation head, rear radiation head respectively；Coil, the preceding spoke are set on the outside of the driving element
Head, soft magnetism yoke, driving element, rear radiation head is penetrated to be fastened by prestressing force screw punching.
The coil is arranged on to be enclosed in the space of structure by sleeve, soft magnetism yoke and driving element, is also set up in the space
There is coil rack.
The soft magnetism yoke is compound soft magnetic material, and powder metallurgy process is used by soft magnetic ferrite and metal soft magnetic material
It is made, is shaped as annular shape, external diameter is 100~350mm, and internal diameter is 10~80mm, and thickness is 5~40mm, external diameter and thickness
The ratio between degree is 2~10.
The advantage of the invention is that：
The driving element of the present invention employs the string being made up of three pieces of permanent magnets and two agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rods
It is coupled structure, this cascaded structure can provide stable and uniform quiescent biasing magnetic field for transducer.Agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction
Rod, permanent magnet, soft magnetism yoke and sleeve constitute DC bias field loop；The magnetic circuit can reduce static state due to being closed magnetic circuit
The dispersion loss in magnetic field, D.C. magnetic field can be improved by shortening the length of agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod between permanent magnets in addition
Uniformity, the permanent magnetism that can be also improved by way of improving permanent magnet magnetic energy product in agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod is strong
Degree.
The driving element of the present invention, as driving rod, significantly reduces rare earth using agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction material
The eddy-current loss of giant magnetostrictive material at work, improves the efficiency of magnetostrictive transducer, has in Practical Project
Larger application value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the structural representation of the Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer for the present invention.The transducer includes sleeve
1st, previous irradiation first 2 and rear radiation head 3, driving element 4 on the outside of sleeve upper/lower terminal are arranged on the center of sleeve 1,
The driving element 4 includes the two rareearth super magnetostrictive rods 5 and three pieces of permanent magnets 6 being serially connected, wherein two rare-earth super-magnetics
Extension stem 5 is caused to be arranged at intervals along its length, one piece of permanent magnet is arranged between two rareearth super magnetostrictive rods, two pieces in addition
Permanent magnet is arranged on the both ends of rareearth super magnetostrictive rod, and end face of three pieces of permanent magnets respectively with rareearth super magnetostrictive rod connects
Touch, the magnetic direction that permanent magnet is formed is parallel to the length direction of rareearth super magnetostrictive rod, the permanent magnetism at the both ends of driving element 4
Body 6 is connected by soft magnetism yoke 7,8 first with previous irradiation 2, rear radiation head 3 respectively；The outside of driving element 4 sets coil 9.Before
Radiation head 2, soft magnetism yoke 6, rear radiation head 3 are respectively provided with through hole, and driving element 4 is cylindrical on the whole, prestressing force screw 10 according to
Secondary through hole and then fastening through rear radiation head 3, soft magnetism yoke 7, driving element 4, soft magnetism yoke 8 and previous irradiation first 2.
Coil 9 is arranged on to be enclosed in the space of structure by sleeve 1, soft magnetism yoke 7,8 and driving element 4, is also set in the space
It is equipped with coil rack 11.
Agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod, permanent magnet, soft magnetism yoke and sleeve constitute direct current biasing magnetic in a series arrangement
Field loop.Agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod, coil and coil rack, soft magnetism yoke constitute and exchange magnetic loop.Work as transducer
During work, alternating magnetic field is produced after coil electricity, agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod provides quiet in alternating magnetic field and permanent magnet
Under state magnetic bias field action, magnetostriction vibration is produced, and previous irradiation head, rear radiation have been driven by the mechanical couplings of soft magnetism yoke
The vibration of head, realizes the acoustic radiation of transducer.
Embodiment 1
In the Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer of the present embodiment, the agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod of driving element is formed
External diameter is 100mm, internal diameter 80mm, length 500mm, and its material composition is Fe2(Tb, Dy), manufacturing process are：Rare earth is surpassed
Magnetostriction bar uses wire cutting technology, and it is 100mm to be processed into external diameter, and internal diameter 80mm, length is 500mm cylindrical shape,
Then the thin slice that thickness is 5mm is cut into again, and required bonding is finally fabricated to using organic binder bond in special mould
Rareearth super magnetostrictive bar；Permanent magnet is made of after NdFeB material is processed into toroidal and fully magnetizes, outside it
Footpath is 100mm, internal diameter 80mm, thickness 20mm；Soft magnetism yoke is that MnZn soft magnetic ferrites and FeNi alloys pass through powder smelting
What golden method was prepared, its external diameter is 350mm, internal diameter 80mm, thickness 30mm.
The transducer working frequency is 3.8kHz, and frequency bandwidth 850Hz, emission current sensitivity is 180dB, and electroacoustic is imitated
Rate is 47%.
Embodiment 2
In the Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer of the present embodiment, the agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod of driving element is formed
External diameter is 50mm, internal diameter 20mm, length 200mm, and its material composition is Fe2(Tb, Dy), manufacturing process are：Rare earth is surpassed
Magnetostriction bar uses wire cutting technology, and it is 30mm to be processed into external diameter, and internal diameter 10mm, length is 60mm cylindrical shape, so
Cut into the thin slice that thickness is 1mm again afterwards, it is dilute that required bonding is finally fabricated to using organic binder bond in special mould
Native ultra-magnetic telescopic bar；Permanent magnet is that its external diameter is made of after samarium-cobalt material is processed into toroidal and fully magnetizes
50mm, internal diameter 20mm, thickness 10mm；Soft magnetism yoke is that MnZn soft magnetic ferrites and FeNi alloys pass through powder metallurgy process
It is prepared, its external diameter is 150mm, internal diameter 20mm, thickness 10mm.
The transducer working frequency is 4.0kHz, and frequency bandwidth 900Hz, emission current sensitivity is 190dB, and electroacoustic is imitated
Rate is 50%.
Embodiment 3
In the Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer of the present embodiment, the agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod of driving element is formed
External diameter is 20mm, internal diameter 10mm, length 40mm, and its material composition is Fe2(Tb, Dy), manufacturing process are：By bonding rare earth
Ultra-magnetic telescopic bar uses wire cutting technology, and it is 30mm to be processed into external diameter, and internal diameter 10mm, length is 60mm cylindrical shape,
Then the thin slice that thickness is 1mm is cut into again, and required bonding is finally fabricated to using organic binder bond in special mould
Rareearth super magnetostrictive bar；Permanent magnet is its external diameter made of after samarium-cobalt material is processed into toroidal and fully magnetizes
For 20mm, internal diameter 10mm, thickness 2mm；, soft magnetism yoke is that MnZn soft magnetic ferrites and FeNi alloys use powder metallurgy work
What skill was prepared, its external diameter is 100mm, internal diameter 10mm, thickness 5mm.
The transducer working frequency is 3.0kHz, and frequency bandwidth 800Hz, emission current sensitivity is 179dB, and electroacoustic is imitated
Rate is 48%.
Embodiment 4
In the Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer of the present embodiment, the agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod of driving element is formed
External diameter is 80mm, internal diameter 30mm, length 200mm, and its material composition is Fe2(Tb, Dy), manufacturing process are：Rare earth is surpassed
Magnetostriction bar uses wire cutting technology, and it is 80mm to be processed into external diameter, and internal diameter 30mm, length is 200mm cylindrical shape, so
Cut into the thin slice that thickness is 10mm again afterwards, it is dilute that required bonding is finally fabricated to using organic binder bond in special mould
Native ultra-magnetic telescopic bar；Permanent magnet is its external diameter made of after NdFeB material is processed into toroidal and fully magnetizes
For 80mm, internal diameter 30mm, thickness 20mm；Soft magnetism yoke is that MnZn soft magnetic ferrites and FeNi alloys pass through powder metallurgy side
What method was prepared, its external diameter is 300mm, internal diameter 30mm, thickness 20mm.
The transducer working frequency is 2.8kHz, and frequency bandwidth 820Hz, emission current sensitivity is 175dB, and electroacoustic is imitated
Rate is 51%.
Embodiment 5
In the Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer of the present embodiment, the agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod of driving element is formed
External diameter is 70mm, internal diameter 20mm, length 100mm, and its material composition is Fe2(Tb, Dy), manufacturing process are：Rare earth is surpassed
Magnetostriction bar uses wire cutting technology, and it is 80mm to be processed into external diameter, and internal diameter 20mm, length is 100mm cylindrical shape, so
Cut into the thin slice that thickness is 3mm again afterwards, it is dilute that required bonding is finally fabricated to using organic binder bond in special mould
Native ultra-magnetic telescopic bar；Permanent magnet is its external diameter made of after NdFeB material is processed into toroidal and fully magnetizes
For 80mm, internal diameter 30mm, thickness 20mm；Soft magnetism yoke is that MnZn soft magnetic ferrites and FeCo alloy pass through powder metallurgy work
What skill was prepared, its external diameter is 300mm, internal diameter 20mm, thickness 40mm.
The transducer working frequency is 4.5kHz, and frequency bandwidth 950Hz, emission current sensitivity is 187dB, and electroacoustic is imitated
Rate is 49%.
Embodiment 6
In the Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer of the present embodiment, the agglutinate rare earth ultra-magnetostriction rod of driving element is formed
External diameter is 40mm, internal diameter 10mm, length 80mm, and its material composition is Fe2(Tb, Dy), manufacturing process are：By rare-earth super-magnetic
Flexible bar is caused to use wire cutting technology, it is 40mm to be processed into external diameter, and internal diameter 10mm, length is 80mm cylindrical shape, then
The thin slice that thickness is 6mm is cut into again, and required bonding rare earth is finally fabricated to using organic binder bond in special mould
Ultra-magnetic telescopic bar；Permanent magnet is its external diameter made of after samarium-cobalt permanent-magnetic material is processed into toroidal and fully magnetizes
For 40mm, internal diameter 10mm, thickness 10mm；Soft magnetism yoke is that NiZn soft magnetic ferrites and FeCo alloy pass through powder metallurgy side
What method was prepared, its external diameter is 150mm, internal diameter 10mm, thickness 15mm.
The transducer working frequency is 3.8kHz, and frequency bandwidth 850Hz, emission current sensitivity is 180dB, and electroacoustic is imitated
Rate is 47%.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of driving element, for Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer, it is characterised in that the driving element includes being serially connected
Two rareearth super magnetostrictive rods and three pieces of permanent magnets, wherein two rareearth super magnetostrictive rods are spaced set along its length
Put, one piece of permanent magnet is arranged on the centre position on the length direction of two rareearth super magnetostrictive rods, in addition two pieces of permanent magnets
The both ends of rareearth super magnetostrictive rod are separately positioned on, end face of three pieces of permanent magnets respectively with two rareearth super magnetostrictive rods connects
Touch, length direction of the magnetic direction that permanent magnet is formed parallel to rareearth super magnetostrictive rod.
2. driving element according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rareearth super magnetostrictive rod is surpassed by flaky rare earth
Magnetostriction alloy is bonded through binding agent and formed.
3. driving element according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the thickness of the flaky rare earth giantmagnetostrictive alloy
For 1~10mm, the distance between adjacent two sheets rareearth super magnetostrictive alloy is 0.5~5mm.
4. driving element according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the permanent magnet uses neodymium iron boron or samarium cobalt permanent magnet material
Material is made, length direction of its magnetic direction formed parallel to rareearth super magnetostrictive rod.
5. driving element according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rareearth super magnetostrictive rod is cylindrical shape, outside
Footpath is 20~100mm, and internal diameter is 10~80mm, and length is 40~500mm；The permanent magnet for annular shape, external diameter be 20~
100mm, internal diameter are 10~80mm, and thickness is 2~20mm.
6. driving element according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the thickness of the permanent magnet is less than magnetostrictive rod
The ratio between length, the external diameter and thickness of permanent magnet is 3~20, and the ratio between the length of magnetostrictive rod and external diameter are 2~20, bonding rare earth
The length of giant magnetostrictive rod and the thickness ratio of permanent magnet are 2~30.
7. driving element according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rareearth super magnetostrictive rod diameter is public with length
Difference ± 0.08mm, the depth of parallelism and degree control are below 0.05.
8. a kind of Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer for including driving element described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including set
Cylinder, the previous irradiation head on the outside of sleeve upper and lower ends and rear radiation head, the driving element are arranged on the center of sleeve,
The permanent magnet at the driving element both ends is connected by soft magnetism yoke with previous irradiation head, rear radiation head respectively；Outside the driving element
Side sets coil, and the previous irradiation head, soft magnetism yoke, driving element, rear radiation head are fastened by prestressing force screw punching.
9. Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the coil is arranged on by covering
Cylinder, soft magnetism yoke and driving element are enclosed in the space of structure, and coil rack is additionally provided with the space.
10. Re Super Magnetostrictive Transducer according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the soft magnetism yoke is compound
Soft magnetic materials, annular shape is shaped as, external diameter is 100~350mm, and internal diameter is 10~80mm, and thickness is 5~40mm, external diameter and thickness
The ratio between degree is 2~10.
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| CN109549451B (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2021-03-19 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Cooking utensil and magnetostrictive excitation device thereof |
| CN108448930A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-08-24 | 武汉理工大学 | Rail vibration energy collection device |
| CN110492782A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-22 | 包头稀土研究院 | The novel actuator with second level enlarger of bar offer axial magnetic field |
| CN110445414A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-12 | 包头稀土研究院 | The novel actuator with three-level enlarger of bar offer axial magnetic field |
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| CN104575478A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
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