CN104332263A - Sintering type rare earth permanent magnet capable of reducing eddy-current loss and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Sintering type rare earth permanent magnet capable of reducing eddy-current loss and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104332263A CN104332263A CN201410588219.8A CN201410588219A CN104332263A CN 104332263 A CN104332263 A CN 104332263A CN 201410588219 A CN201410588219 A CN 201410588219A CN 104332263 A CN104332263 A CN 104332263A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sintering type rare earth permanent magnet capable of reducing eddy-current loss and a manufacturing method of the sintering type rare earth permanent magnet. The sintering type rare earth permanent magnet comprises first permanent magnet layers and second insulation layers which are sequentially alternated, and the second insulation layers are obtained by insulation materials. When the sintering type rare earth permanent magnet is manufactured, the manufacturing method comprises the steps of blank manufacturing, static pressing and sintering, the blank manufacturing process comprises the step that powder materials used for manufacturing the first permanent magnet layers and the second insulation layers are added in a mould layer by layer in a sequentially alternating mode. The second insulation layers prepared by insulation permanent magnet materials are arranged in the sintering type rare earth permanent magnet at interval, an eddy current is limited inside the first permanent magnet layers which are insulated from each other, the eddy current is reduced, so that the reliability of the sintering type rare earth permanent magnet is improved, the producing working procedure is greatly simplified, and the producing cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to permanent magnetic material technical field, be specifically related to a kind of slug type rare-earth permanent magnet reducing eddy current loss and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Rare earth permanent-magnetic material is the compound that different rare earth elements and transition metal (Fe, Co, Ni etc.) form, and is the novel permanent magnetic material of one that recent two decades obtains developing rapidly.According to the preparation technology of rare-earth permanent magnet, rare-earth permanent magnet can be divided into binding type rare-earth permanent magnet and slug type rare-earth permanent magnet.Compare with adhesion type rare-earth permanent magnet, slug type rare-earth permanent magnet has the advantages such as permanent magnetism performance is high, Curie temperature is high, temperature stability is better.
In recent years, along with the expansion of permanent magnetic material application, slug type rare-earth permanent magnet becomes the indispensable strategic basic material of high-tech technical industry, has been widely used in civilian, military every field, as high-performance permanent magnet motor, electroacoustic equipment etc.
But because slug type rare earth permanent magnet bulk conductivity is higher, when alternation occurs the magnetic field in permanent magnet, due to electromagnetic induction, permanent magnet can produce vortex current, and then causes permanent magnet to generate heat.For high-speed permanent magnet motor or multipole high pulling torque magneto etc., because the alternative frequency in magnetic field is higher, the eddy current of slug type rare-earth permanent magnet is higher, and permanent magnet temperature rise is obvious.Temperature rise can reduce the magnetic property of permanent magnet, even can cause permanent magnet irreversible demagnetization.Therefore, reduce the eddy current loss of slug type rare-earth permanent magnet, significant.
The insulation characterisitic of usual permanent magnetic material is better, and eddy current loss is less, and therefore, the rare earth permanent-magnetic material finding work after the match at high-frequency alternating, have low conductivity and high magnetic characteristics is the focus of current field of rare-earth permanent magnetic research.
Publication number be 1508815 Chinese patent application disclose the rare earth permanent-magnetic material with insulating properties, be matrix with rare earth permanent magnet alloy powder, in rare earth permanent magnet alloy powder, add epoxy resin, epoxy polyester paint, polyvinyl butyral resin and silane.The rare-earth permanent magnet prepared based on this rare earth permanent-magnetic material has higher resistivity (i.e. good insulating), but due to the organic insulating material that adulterates in rare earth permanent magnet alloy powder, and then make sintering process requirement too high, not easily prepare.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of slug type rare-earth permanent magnet reducing eddy current loss.
A kind of slug type rare-earth permanent magnet reducing eddy current loss of the present invention, comprises the first magnetic layer and the second insulating barrier that replace successively, and described first magnetic layer prepares by conducting electricity permanent magnetic material, and the second described insulating barrier is prepared by insulating material.
Conduction permanent magnetic material in the present invention is SmCo based material or Nd-Fe-B series material, but is not limited in this bi-material, also can be other conduction permanent magnetic material.Each first magnetic layer can be prepared by a kind of material wherein.
Described slug type rare-earth permanent magnet comprises multiple (at least 2) first magnetic layer, each first magnetic layer is separate on thickness, the thickness of any two the first magnetic layers can identical also can be different, can according to actual conditions or requirements set, but as preferably, the thickness of any two the first magnetic layers can be made identical.
Described slug type rare-earth permanent magnet comprises multiple (at least 2) second insulating barrier, separate on each second thickness of insulating layer, the thickness of any two the second insulating barriers can identical also can be different, can according to actual conditions or requirements set, but as preferably, the thickness of any two the second insulating barriers can be made identical.
In the present invention, the second insulating barrier is prepared by insulating material, due to the insulating properties of the second insulating barrier, each first magnetic layer in slug type rare-earth permanent magnet is divided into little conductor one by one, between each little conductor, conductivity is very low, the vortex current (eddy current) that such permanent magnet produces under electromagnetic induction effect is limited in each first magnetic layer, and then reduces the eddy current losses of whole permanent magnet.
Described insulating material is ceramic material.As preferably, described insulating material is specially ferrite powder.Because ferrite is also permanent magnetic material, therefore less to the overall effect of magnetic influence of permanent magnet.
The thickness of the first magnetic layer described in slug type rare-earth permanent magnet of the present invention is greater than the thickness of the second insulating barrier.Effect mainly its insulating effect of second insulating barrier, if thickness of insulating layer increases, will affect the final magnetic property of permanent magnet, therefore its thickness is generally smaller.
As preferably, the thickness of the second described insulating barrier is less than or equal to 0.5mm.For ensureing insulation effect, further preferably, the thickness of the second described insulating barrier is 0.1 ~ 0.5mm.
The thickness of the first described magnetic layer is more than or equal to 1mm.
Can regulate according to the size of actual permanent magnet, when magnet size is larger, suitably can increase the size of the first magnetic layer.First magnetic layer is divided into independently conductor by the second insulating barrier, for intercepting the vortex current of generation.According to the embody rule occasion of this sintered permanent magnet, the effect reducing vortex current effectively can be improved by the thickness rationally arranging the first magnetic layer.As preferably, the thickness of the first described magnetic layer is 1 ~ 50mm.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of slug type rare-earth permanent magnet, comprise stock making, static pressure and sintering, described stock manufacturing process is specially:
The powder body material for the preparation of the first magnetic layer and the second insulating barrier is added alternately to mould successively by layer.
Static pressure, sinter and magnetize, adopting existing method.Without particular order requirement when adding powder body material, first can add the powder body material of preparation first magnetic layer, also first can add the powder body material of preparation second insulating barrier, as long as ensure alternately to add.
First preparation method of the present invention prepares the stock with the first magnetic layer and the second insulating barrier, then carries out static pressure to stock, sinters and magnetize and can obtain this slug type rare-earth permanent magnet, and the method realizes simple, and cost is low.For improving the quality of the sintered permanent magnet of final preparation, need after often adding one deck to carry out compacting to the powder body material added.
When adding powder body material, make the thickness of the powder body material that the first magnetic layer is corresponding in the stock obtained be more than or equal to 1mm, the powder body material thickness of the second insulating barrier is less than or equal to 0.5mm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) in slug type rare-earth permanent magnet, be interval with the second insulating barrier prepared by insulating material, eddy current (vortex current) is limited in the first magnetic layer of each mutually insulated, block the path of vortex current, reduce the size of vortex current, and then improve the reliability of slug type rare-earth permanent magnet;
(2) carry out insulation processing before sintering, prepare the stock that the first magnetic layer and the second insulating barrier replace, form entirety through oversintering, the first magnetic layer and the second insulating barrier are also be combined with each other, enormously simplify production process, reduce production cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of sintered rare-earth permanent magnetic body in the present embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation for the preparation of the mould of stock in the present embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of arc-shaped permanent magnet in the present embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of longitudinal cutting mode in the present embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of transverse cuts mode in the present embodiment;
The eddy current partial schematic diagram that Fig. 6 produces when being traditional arc-shaped permanent magnet application;
Fig. 7 is the eddy current partial schematic diagram that the arc-shaped permanent magnet adopting longitudinal cutting mode to obtain in the present embodiment produces when applying;
Fig. 8 is the eddy current partial schematic diagram that the arc-shaped permanent magnet adopting transverse cuts mode to obtain in the present embodiment produces when applying.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the sintered rare-earth permanent magnetic body of the reduced eddy current of the present embodiment, comprises the first magnetic layer 1 and the second insulating barrier 2 replaced successively.Wherein, the thickness of the first Permanent-magnet layer 1 is 5mm, and the thickness of the second insulating barrier 2 is 0.1mm.
In the present embodiment, the first magnetic layer 1 is by Sm
2co
17base rare earth permanent magnet material prepares, and in actual applications, the rare earth permanent-magnetic material of other systems also can be selected as required to prepare.
Second insulating barrier is prepared by ferrite permanent-magnet materials.Select in the present embodiment to be prepared by cheap iron oxygen permanent magnetic material.
The sintered rare-earth permanent magnetic body of the present embodiment is prepared by the following method, specific as follows:
(1) stock preparation
By through melting, pulverizing and the Sm made
2co
17it is in the compacting sintering mould of 50mm × 50mm × 50mm that base rare earth permanent magnet material powder uniform spreading enters the volume shown in Fig. 2, spreads into highly for 5mm (slightly larger than 5mm, can there is no strict demand), and by Sm
2co
17base rare earth permanent magnet material powder pressing;
Then, at this Sm
2co
17on base rare earth permanent magnet material powder, uniform spreading enters through melting, pulverizing and the iron oxygen permanent-magnet powder made, spreads into height 0.1mm (slightly larger than 0.1mm, can there is no strict demand), and by the compacting of iron oxygen permanent-magnet powder;
Then enter on iron oxygen permanent-magnet powder upper berth is highly the Sm of 5mm again
2co
17base rare earth permanent magnet material powder compacting, then at Sm
2co
17base rare earth permanent magnet material powder upper berth enters highly for the iron oxygen permanent-magnet powder of 0.1mm and compacting, so circulates, until fill up compacting sintering mould, prepares corresponding stock.
(2) sinter after static pressure being carried out to the stock obtained, obtain sintered rare-earth permanent magnetic body as shown in Figure 1.
Usually according to application demand during application, cutting sintering the sintered rare-earth permanent magnetic body obtained, magnetizing after obtaining product required form, and then obtaining the permanent magnet product of corresponding shape.Need in the present embodiment to utilize the permanent magnet applications shown in Fig. 1 in traditional radial flux motors, first pass through to cut the arc-shaped permanent magnet 3 obtained as shown in Figure 3 by sintering the sintered rare-earth permanent magnetic body block obtained, this arc-shaped permanent magnet 3 there is identical inside and outside circle radius, radius R=80mm, thickness is d=5mm, length L=50mm.Then magnetize, obtain corresponding product.
Two kinds of cutting modes are adopted respectively, respectively transverse cuts mode and longitudinal cutting mode when cutting in the present embodiment.
Longitudinal cutting mode as shown in Figure 4, during cutting, adopts the method for conventional Linear cut, cuts according to the walking path of line of cut 4.
Transverse cuts mode as shown in Figure 5, during cutting, adopts the method for conventional Linear cut, cuts according to the walking path of line of cut 5.
Fig. 6 is the vortex current partial schematic diagram that traditional arc-shaped permanent magnet 3 produces in the application, and this arc-shaped permanent magnet 3 is by traditional Sm
2co
17base rare earth permanent magnet material preparation (the second insulating barrier is prepared by insulating permanent magnet material in centre not interval).As can be seen from the figure the vortex current of permanent magnet is along the eddy current of the formation from outside to inside great circle of permanent magnet.
When the arc-shaped permanent magnet 3 adopting longitudinal cutting mode to obtain is applied to radial flux motors, its eddy current partial schematic diagram produced as shown in Figure 7, can find out in figure that the vortex current circle of permanent magnet is axially being divided into eddy current ringlet one by one.
When being used in radial flux motors by the arc-shaped permanent magnet 3 adopting transverse cuts mode to obtain, its eddy current partial schematic diagram produced as shown in Figure 8, can find out in figure that the vortex current circle of permanent magnet is divided into eddy current ringlet one by one in circumference.
Comparative analysis, be blocked in the fritter of permanent magnet one by one due to the original eddy current path of permanent magnet as seen, induced potential in permanent magnet reduces, simultaneously, because the path of eddy current is still longer, the equivalent resistance in eddy current loop is comparatively large, and the overall losses of permanent magnet is reduced, and then the temperature rise of permanent magnet is minimized.
Above-described embodiment has been described in detail technical scheme of the present invention and beneficial effect; be understood that and the foregoing is only most preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not limited to the present invention; all make in spirit of the present invention any amendment, supplement and equivalent to replace, all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. one kind can be reduced the slug type rare-earth permanent magnet of eddy current loss, it is characterized in that, comprise the first magnetic layer and the second insulating barrier that replace successively, described first magnetic layer prepares by conducting electricity permanent magnetic material, and the second described insulating barrier is prepared by insulating material.
2. can reduce the slug type rare-earth permanent magnet of eddy current loss as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described insulating material is ceramic material.
3. can reduce the slug type rare-earth permanent magnet of eddy current loss as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described insulating material is ferrite powder.
4. can reduce the slug type rare-earth permanent magnet of eddy current loss as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the thickness of the second described insulating barrier is less than or equal to 0.5mm.
5. can reduce the slug type rare-earth permanent magnet of eddy current loss as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the thickness of the first described magnetic layer is more than or equal to 1mm.
6., as a preparation method for the slug type rare-earth permanent magnet in Claims 1 to 5 as described in any one claim, comprise stock making, static pressure and sintering successively, it is characterized in that, the process that described stock makes is specially:
The powder body material for the preparation of the first magnetic layer and the second insulating barrier is added alternately to mould successively by layer.
7. the preparation method of slug type rare-earth permanent magnet as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, when adding powder body material, make the thickness of the powder body material that the first magnetic layer is corresponding in the stock obtained be more than or equal to 1mm, the powder body material thickness of the second insulating barrier is less than or equal to 0.5mm.
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| CN201410588219.8A CN104332263B (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2014-10-28 | A kind of slug type rare-earth permanent magnet reducing eddy-current loss and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201410588219.8A CN104332263B (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2014-10-28 | A kind of slug type rare-earth permanent magnet reducing eddy-current loss and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104332263A true CN104332263A (en) | 2015-02-04 |
| CN104332263B CN104332263B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105118605A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-02 | 锦州汉拿电机有限公司 | Motor, transformer core and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107425628A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-01 | 包头金山磁材有限公司 | A kind of magneto magnet and production method for reducing eddy-current heating |
| CN107527705A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-12-29 | 宁波宁港永磁材料有限公司 | The rare-earth permanent magnet of low eddy-current loss |
| CN109004773A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-12-14 | 宁波安信数控技术有限公司 | A kind of magnetic steel structure |
| US11087906B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2021-08-10 | Guangzhou Newlife New Material Co., Ltd | Amphoteric magnetic material and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114974871A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-30 | 江西开源自动化设备有限公司 | Method and equipment for preparing high-resistivity sintered rare earth permanent magnet |
| US11923133B2 (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2024-03-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Additive manufacturing of Nd-Fe-B magnets with insulating layers |
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| CN104051117A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-17 | 三星电机株式会社 | Soft magnetic core and motor including the same |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105118605A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-02 | 锦州汉拿电机有限公司 | Motor, transformer core and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN107527705A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-12-29 | 宁波宁港永磁材料有限公司 | The rare-earth permanent magnet of low eddy-current loss |
| US11087906B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2021-08-10 | Guangzhou Newlife New Material Co., Ltd | Amphoteric magnetic material and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109004773A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-12-14 | 宁波安信数控技术有限公司 | A kind of magnetic steel structure |
| US11923133B2 (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2024-03-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Additive manufacturing of Nd-Fe-B magnets with insulating layers |
| CN114974871A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-30 | 江西开源自动化设备有限公司 | Method and equipment for preparing high-resistivity sintered rare earth permanent magnet |
| CN114974871B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-12-08 | 江西开源自动化设备有限公司 | Preparation method and equipment of high-resistivity sintered rare earth permanent magnet |
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