CN102361385A - Brushless direct current motor - Google Patents
Brushless direct current motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102361385A CN102361385A CN2011103110279A CN201110311027A CN102361385A CN 102361385 A CN102361385 A CN 102361385A CN 2011103110279 A CN2011103110279 A CN 2011103110279A CN 201110311027 A CN201110311027 A CN 201110311027A CN 102361385 A CN102361385 A CN 102361385A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a brushless direct current motor which comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor comprises natural number pairs of permanent magnet steel magnetic poles and is provided with a working surface alternately magnetizing an N pole and an S pole and a magnetic connecting surface; an annular magnetic connecting component carries out magnetic connection on multiple permanent magnetic steel magnetic poles; an annular non-magnetic connecting component carries out non-magnetic connection and fastening on multiple permanent magnetic steel magnetic poles; and a magnetic isolating component fills magnetic spacing area between adjacent permanent magnetic steel magnetic poles. A stator core is provided with a ring-shaped magnetic yoke and raised line teeth, the raised line teeth are alternately arranged side by side to form a groove and is opposite to the working surface of a permanent magnetic steel magnetic pole, and a coil electrically insulated with the raised line teeth is placed into the groove. By adopting the brushless direct current motor disclosed by the invention, total eddy current loss of a rotor can be greatly reduced, efficiency of the brushless direct current motor is improved, and the brushless direct current motor disclosed by the invention is especially applicable to realizing high-efficiency operation and low-cost manufacturing of a high power brushless direct current motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly can significantly to reduce the rotor magnetic pole loss, improve electric efficiency, cheap brushless DC motor.
Background technology
In the past, the technical staff reduces technological approaches such as copper loss through improving ferromagnetic property, the low-loss ferromagnetic material of employing or improving coil space factor usually, and the total losses that reduce brshless DC motor make it have high efficiency.For example; The direct drive motors of low speed that is used for electrical equipment such as electric bicycle, washing machine; Based on load characteristic, need when low speed, export high pulling torque, the temperature in the time of for this reason need suppressing low cruise rises; Therefore the multipolarization through motor shortens the conductor length of stator coil so that reduce measure such as resistance value in prior art, reduces the total losses of low speed brshless DC motor.
Recently, extraordinary application scenario such as Drive for EV is urgent day by day to the requirement of the high speed of brushless DC motor, miniaturization, hypogravity quantification, high efficiency, low price.For this reason, basic structure brushless DC motor commonly used is in the past studied.
As shown in Figure 4; This brushless DC motor A100 comprises rotor A 1 and stator A2; Rotor A 1 comprises natural number to permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole A11, and it has alternately to magnetize to the working face A111 of the N utmost point, the S utmost point and magnetize along direction of rotation and is the magnetic joint face A112 of the S utmost point, the N utmost point; Rotor A 1 also comprises ring-shaped magnetic link A12 and is close to magnetic joint face A112, a plurality of permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole A11 is carried out magnetic connect; Rotor A 1 also comprises the non-magnetic link of ring-type A13 and is close to working face A111, and a plurality of permanent-magnet steel magnetic poles are carried out non magnetic connection and fastening; Rotor A 1 also comprises non magnetic at a distance from magnet assembly A14 usually, is used to fill the magnetic interval region that forms between adjacent two permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole A11.
Brushless DC motor A100 comprises stator A2, and stator A2 comprises stator core A21.Stator core A21 has circular yoke (Yoke) A22; The raised line tooth A23 that also has the natural number multiple of the number of phases and number of poles product; Top end face at raised line tooth A23 alternately forms groove A24 side by side along direction of rotation, and the working face A111 of the top end face of a plurality of raised line tooth A23 and permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole A11 faces one another; The top end face of a plurality of raised line tooth A23 extends vertically, and its direction of rotation width is unanimous on the whole with the working face A111 width of the permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole A11 that faces one another.Place loop A 25 among the groove A24, and coil and raised line tooth A23 electric insulation.A plurality of coils connections constitute U-X phase, V-Y phase, W-Z phase winding respectively.
According to the position of rotor A 1 relative stator A2,, thereby drive rotor A 1 rotation to corresponding U-X phase, V-Y phase, the energising of W-Z phase winding.
According to said structure, it is 10 that permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole A11 adopted specific insulation in the past
-6Sintering permanent-magnet steel about Ω m, non-magnetic link A13 adopted the perhaps circular nonmagnetic material that axially extends continuously of nonmetallic materials in the past, perhaps adopted nonmetallic materials, perhaps metal material at a distance from magnet assembly A14 in the past.
But aforementioned brushless DC motor A100 in the past is existing problems when realizing high speed (more than the 10000rpm), high-power (more than the 10kW).
For example; Stator A2 diameter is that 210mm, length are that 80mm, rotating speed are that 16000rpm, power output are the brushless DC motor A100 of 85kW, is about 2650W through its rotor A 1 overall eddy current loss of analytical Calculation, and the about 6kg of rotor actual weight; Estimate the temperature rise of rotor A 1 by the specific heat capacity of rotor A 1 material therefor; Its result is that the temperature rise of its rotor A 1 was about 240 ℃ after this brushless DC motor A100 moved 6 minutes, and obviously temperature of rotor rises too high; Possibly cause the permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole A11 performance in the rotor A 1 to reduce or thoroughly demagnetization, and then brushless DC motor A100 was lost efficacy.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of prior art; The present invention provides a kind of brushless DC motor; Based on the brushless DC motor of structure in the past; Significantly reduce the eddy current loss of brushless DC motor rotor permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole and the eddy current loss of permanent-magnet steel retention mechanism with simple structure, realize technical progress, do not cause the complicated of structure simultaneously.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of brushless DC motor; Its structure was with brushless electric machine was similar in the past; Comprise: rotor, this rotor comprise natural number to the permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole, and adjacent permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole has alternately to magnetize along the rotor direction of rotation and is the working face of the N utmost point, the S utmost point; Meanwhile, adjacent permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole also has alternately to magnetize along direction of rotation and is the magnetic joint face of the S utmost point, the N utmost point;
Said rotor also comprises the magnetic link, and the ring-shaped magnetic link is close to said magnetic joint face, a plurality of permanent-magnet steel magnetic poles is carried out magnetic connect.
Said rotor also comprises non magnetic link, and the non-magnetic link of ring-type is close to said working face, and a plurality of permanent-magnet steel magnetic poles are carried out non magnetic connection and fastening.
Said permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole usually less than the distance between adjacent two permanent-magnet steel pole centers, forms the magnetic interval region along the width of direction of rotation between adjacent two permanent-magnet steel magnetic poles; Therefore said rotor also comprises the not nonconducting separated magnet assembly of magnetic conduction, is used to fill said magnetic interval region.
Said brushless DC motor comprises stator, and stator comprises stator core; Said stator core has circular yoke (Yoke) away from the part of said working face; Said stator core has the raised line tooth of the natural number multiple of number of motor phases and number of poles product near the part of said working face, and each raised line tooth is arrangement alternately, between become groove along direction of rotation; And aforementioned natural number and number of phases product a plurality of raised line tooth top end face said relatively permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole working faces radially facing one another doubly along convex tooth strips; Distance between the direction of rotation width of said a plurality of raised line tooth top end faces and adjacent permanent-magnet steel pole center is consistent; Place coil in each groove, this coil and said raised line tooth electric insulation.
According to above-mentioned composition, the magnetic flux that sends from said working face forms magnetic circuit through said raised line tooth, said yoke (Yoke) and said magnetic link.And, according to the position of rotor relative stator,, thereby drive the rotor rotation to corresponding coil electricity.
According to above-mentioned composition, it is 10 that said permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole adopts specific insulation
-5Ω m～10
-3The bonding permanent-magnet steel of Ω m; Said non magnetic link adopts the nonmagnetic material of segmentation vertically; Adopt not magnetic conduction, non-conductive nonmetallic materials at a distance from magnet assembly, perhaps adopt not magnetic conduction, non-conductive metal material.Described non magnetic link has cutting groove in axial segmentation; And said cutting groove is not communicated with along direction of rotation; Be divided into plurality of sections, the quantity of segmentation is consistent with the quantity of permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole, and cutting groove is consistent with the width of said working face along the direction of rotation width; Connect and keep solidity integral body along forming solidity between the segmentation cutting groove of direction of rotation; Cutting groove aligns at a distance from the center line of magnet assembly along the direction of rotation width with said along the center line of direction of rotation width.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the overall eddy current loss that can reduce rotor significantly; Thereby improve the efficient of brushless DC motor, be particularly useful for realizing the high efficiency running and the low-cost manufacturing of high speed (more than per minute 10000 commentaries on classics), high-power (more than 10 kilowatts) brushless DC motor.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the ideograph according to the inner-rotor-type brushless DC motor of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional pattern figure according to the brushless DC motor rotor of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the ideograph according to the external-rotor-type brushless DC motor of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the ideograph of brushless DC motor in the past;
Among the figure:
100: brushless DC motor; 1: rotor;
111: working face; 112: the magnetic joint face;
11: permanent magnet poles; 12: the magnetic link;
13: non magnetic link; 14: at a distance from magnet assembly;
2: stator; 21: stator core;
22: yoke (Yoke); 23: the raised line tooth;
24: groove; 25: coil;
3: air-gap.
Embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, comprise rotor 1 and stator 2 according to the inner-rotor-type brushless DC motor 100 of first embodiment.
Said stator 2 is made up of stator core 21, coil 25.
Top end face at raised line tooth 23 alternately forms groove 24 side by side along direction of rotation.
The top end face of a plurality of (quantity of present embodiment constitutes 6) raised line tooth 23 extends vertically, and its direction of rotation width is unanimous on the whole with working face 111 width of the permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11 that faces one another.
Place coil 25 in the groove 24, and coil and raised line tooth 23 electric insulations.A plurality of said coils 25 connections constitute U-X phase, V-Y phase, W-Z phase winding respectively.
Said rotor 1 is by ring-shaped magnetic link 12, constitute at a distance from magnet assembly 14 with the non-magnetic link of roughly the same spaced apart tile permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11, ring-type 13, non magnetic non-conductive tile along the circumferencial direction of said ring-shaped magnetic link 12 outer peripheral faces.
Said permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11, it has alternately to magnetize to the working face 111 of the N utmost point, the S utmost point and magnetize along direction of rotation and is the magnetic joint face 112 of the S utmost point, the N utmost point; Ring-shaped magnetic link 12 is close to magnetic joint face 112, a plurality of permanent-magnet steel magnetic poles 11 is carried out magnetic connect; The non-magnetic link 13 of ring-type is close to working face 111, and a plurality of permanent-magnet steel magnetic poles are carried out non magnetic connection and fastening; Non magnetic non-conductive at a distance from magnet assembly 14, be used to fill the magnetic interval region of 11 formation of adjacent two permanent-magnet steel magnetic poles.
It is 10 that said permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11 adopts specific insulation
-5Ω m～10
-3The bonding permanent-magnet steel of Ω m, the number of poles of present embodiment constitute 6.
Said ring-shaped magnetic link 12 adopts magnetic material.
Said non magnetic non-conductive at a distance from the non magnetic non-conducting material of magnet assembly 14 employings, the quantity of present embodiment constitutes 6.
The non-magnetic link of said ring-type 13 adopts nonmagnetic materials, its extend vertically and the axial length of its development length and permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11 unanimous on the whole.
As shown in Figure 2, the non-magnetic link 13 of said ring-type is axially whenever keeping at a certain distance away along direction of rotation segmentation cutting groove, and present embodiment evenly is divided into 12 five equilibriums vertically with the non-magnetic link 13 of said ring-type.
Said cutting groove is consistent with the quantity of permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11 along the quantity of direction of rotation segmentation, and the quantity of present embodiment constitutes 6.
Said cutting groove is unanimous on the whole along the width of direction of rotation width and working face 111.
Said cutting groove along the center line of direction of rotation width and non magnetic non-conductive tile at a distance from the center line general alignment of magnet assembly 14 along the direction of rotation width.
The non-magnetic link 13 of said ring-type is because of keeping solidity whole along forming the solidity connection between the segmentation cutting groove of direction of rotation.
According to aforesaid first embodiment, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11 is 10 through adopting specific insulation
-5Ω m～10
-3It is 10 that the bonding permanent-magnet steel of Ω m substitutes the specific insulation that in the past adopted
-6Sintering permanent-magnet steel about Ω m can reduce by 10 times～1000 times substantially with the eddy current loss in the permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11; Through adopting non magnetic non-conducting material, can avoid wherein producing eddy current loss at a distance from magnet assembly 14; The non-magnetic link 13 of ring-type through at the segmentation cutting groove that axially whenever keeps at a certain distance away, can reduce eddy current loss wherein significantly, eddy current loss behind the segmentation cutting groove eddy current loss during than the cutting groove of not segmentation in the past reduce substantially segments square doubly.
Its synthesis result can reduce the overall eddy current loss of rotor 1 significantly, realizes the high efficiency of inner-rotor-type brushless DC motor.
Specifically, table 1 shows motor with 16000rpm speed rotation, the overall eddy current loss analysis result contrast of rotor when power output is 85kW.Can know that the motor of first embodiment is compared with motor in the past, reduce about 96% in identical coil current lower rotor part overall loss.
In addition; Through the non-magnetic link 13 of ring-type is adopted non-magnetic conductive metal material and axial equidistant cutting section; Through said permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11 is adopted the high material of specific insulations with said at a distance from magnet assembly 14, thereby reach the effect that significantly reduces rotor 1 overall eddy current loss.Meanwhile, because of the non-magnetic link 13 of ring-type adopts non-magnetic conductive metal material, and, can improve the rigidity of rotor 1 because of it keeps solidity whole along forming the solidity connection between the segmentation cutting groove of direction of rotation.The result who brings thus does; The self-stiffness of rotor 1 improves; Be adapted to (more than the 10000rpm) rotation at a high speed; And when high-power (more than the 10kW) moves, can significantly reduce the eddy current loss of rotor 1, and then can make brushless DC motor high speed, miniaturization, hypogravity quantification, high efficiency, low price.
Table 1
Below, to the explanation of second embodiment of the present invention property.In following explanation, represent with identical label among the use of the first embodiment corresponding components and first embodiment.
As shown in Figure 3, comprise rotor 1 and stator 2 according to the external rotor brushless DC motor 100 of second embodiment.
Top end face at raised line tooth 23 alternately forms groove 24 side by side along direction of rotation.
The top end face of a plurality of (quantity of present embodiment constitutes 6) raised line tooth 23 extends vertically, and its direction of rotation width is unanimous on the whole with working face 111 width of the permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11 that faces one another.
Said permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11, it has alternately to magnetize to the working face 111 of the N utmost point, the S utmost point and magnetize along direction of rotation and is the magnetic joint face 112 of the S utmost point, the N utmost point; Ring-shaped magnetic link 12 is close to magnetic joint face 112, and a plurality of permanent-magnet steel magnetic poles 11 are carried out magnetic connection and fastening; Non magnetic non-conductive at a distance from magnet assembly 14, be used to fill the magnetic interval region of 11 formation of adjacent two permanent-magnet steel magnetic poles.
It is 10 that said permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11 adopts specific insulation
-5Ω m～10
-3The bonding permanent-magnet steel of Ω m, the number of poles of present embodiment constitute 6.
Said ring-shaped magnetic link 12 adopts magnetic material.
Said non magnetic non-conductive at a distance from the non magnetic non-conducting material of magnet assembly 14 employings, the quantity of present embodiment constitutes 6.
According to aforesaid second embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11 is 10 through adopting specific insulation
-5Ω m～10
-3It is 10 that the bonding permanent-magnet steel of Ω m substitutes the specific insulation that in the past adopted
-6Sintering permanent-magnet steel about Ω m can reduce by 10 times～1000 times substantially with the eddy current loss in the permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole 11; Through adopting non magnetic non-conducting material, can avoid wherein producing eddy current loss at a distance from magnet assembly 14.
Its synthesis result can reduce the overall eddy current loss of rotor 1 significantly, realizes the high efficiency of external rotor brushless DC motor.
In addition, the invention is not restricted to said illustrated example or embodiment, in not breaking away from its purport scope, can carry out various combinations, distortion.In addition, when adopting stacked steel plate to form stator core, ring-shaped magnetic link, can prevent flowing of vortex flow.
Claims (4)
1. a brushless DC motor comprises rotor and stator, it is characterized in that:
Said rotor comprises natural number to the permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole, and adjacent permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole has alternately to magnetize along the rotor direction of rotation and is that the working face of the N utmost point, the S utmost point, adjacent permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole also have alternately to magnetize along direction of rotation and is the magnetic joint face of the S utmost point, the N utmost point;
Said rotor also comprises the magnetic link, and the ring-shaped magnetic link is close to said magnetic joint face, a plurality of permanent-magnet steel magnetic poles is carried out magnetic connect;
Said rotor also comprises non magnetic link, and the non-magnetic link of ring-type is close to said working face, and a plurality of permanent-magnet steel magnetic poles are carried out non magnetic connection and fastening;
Said permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole less than the distance between adjacent two permanent-magnet steel pole centers, forms the magnetic interval region along the width of direction of rotation between adjacent two permanent-magnet steel magnetic poles, fill in said magnetic interval region that magnetic conduction is not nonconducting at a distance from magnet assembly;
Said stator comprises stator core; Said stator core has circular yoke away from the part of said working face, and stator core has the raised line tooth of the natural number multiple of number of motor phases and number of poles product near the part of said working face, and each raised line tooth is arrangement alternately, between become groove along direction of rotation; And aforementioned natural number and number of phases product a plurality of raised line tooth top end face said relatively permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole working faces radially facing one another doubly along convex tooth strips; Distance between the direction of rotation width of said a plurality of raised line tooth top end faces and adjacent permanent-magnet steel pole center is consistent; Place coil in each groove, this coil and said raised line tooth electric insulation.
2. brushless DC motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is 10 that described permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole adopts specific insulation
-5Ω m～10
-3The bonding permanent-magnet steel of Ω m.
3. brushless DC motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described non magnetic link adopts the nonmagnetic material of segmentation vertically.
4. brushless DC motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described non magnetic link has cutting groove in axial segmentation; And said cutting groove is not communicated with along direction of rotation; Be divided into plurality of sections, the quantity of segmentation is consistent with the quantity of permanent-magnet steel magnetic pole, and cutting groove is consistent with the width of said working face along the direction of rotation width; Connect and keep solidity integral body along forming solidity between the segmentation cutting groove of direction of rotation; Cutting groove aligns at a distance from the center line of magnet assembly along the direction of rotation width with said along the center line of direction of rotation width.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103110279A CN102361385A (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2011-10-13 | Brushless direct current motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103110279A CN102361385A (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2011-10-13 | Brushless direct current motor |
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| CN102361385A true CN102361385A (en) | 2012-02-22 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103368300A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-10-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Motor permanent magnet fixing structure, motor permanent magnet fixing method and motor comprising the structure |
| EP3068019A3 (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-12-07 | Rolls-Royce plc | Sleeve for an electrical machine |
| CN108053967A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-18 | 成都银河磁体股份有限公司 | A kind of bag magnetic assembly, column bag magnetic assembly and processing method |
| CN111049296A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Motor rotor and reluctance motor |
| CN112366856A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-12 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor structure with segmented and staggered magnetic poles |
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| CN1142701A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1997-02-12 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Permanent magnet rotor and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2003009491A (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-10 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | Permanent magnet type brushless dc motor |
| CN101202140A (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-06-18 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Compacted magnetic core with high resistance, manufacturing method thereof, and motor for electric car |
| CN101436793A (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2009-05-20 | 苏州工业园区和鑫电器有限公司 | High power wide velocity modulation built-in permanent magnet brushless wheel motor for electric automobile |
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| CN1142701A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1997-02-12 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Permanent magnet rotor and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2003009491A (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-10 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | Permanent magnet type brushless dc motor |
| CN101202140A (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-06-18 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Compacted magnetic core with high resistance, manufacturing method thereof, and motor for electric car |
| CN101436793A (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2009-05-20 | 苏州工业园区和鑫电器有限公司 | High power wide velocity modulation built-in permanent magnet brushless wheel motor for electric automobile |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103368300A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-10-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Motor permanent magnet fixing structure, motor permanent magnet fixing method and motor comprising the structure |
| EP3068019A3 (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-12-07 | Rolls-Royce plc | Sleeve for an electrical machine |
| US10122228B2 (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2018-11-06 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Sleeve for an electrical machine |
| CN108053967A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-18 | 成都银河磁体股份有限公司 | A kind of bag magnetic assembly, column bag magnetic assembly and processing method |
| CN111049296A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Motor rotor and reluctance motor |
| CN112366856A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-12 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor structure with segmented and staggered magnetic poles |
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Application publication date: 20120222 |