CN104569876A - Method for evaluating stress relief annealing effect of ferromagnetic material through gauss meter - Google Patents
Method for evaluating stress relief annealing effect of ferromagnetic material through gauss meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104569876A CN104569876A CN201510006453.XA CN201510006453A CN104569876A CN 104569876 A CN104569876 A CN 104569876A CN 201510006453 A CN201510006453 A CN 201510006453A CN 104569876 A CN104569876 A CN 104569876A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the stress relief annealing effect of a ferromagnetic material through a gauss meter. The method comprises the steps that 1, stress relief annealing treatment is conducted after a ferromagnetic component stress relief annealing heat treatment process is written; 2, the magnetic measurement instrument gauss meter is calibrated, and normal leakage magnetic field values Hp(y) are measured; 3, the normal leakage magnetic field values Hp(y) on the surfaces of ferromagnetic components and the distribution law of a leakage magnetic field on measuring paths are analyzed, and the variance Dth of the standard ferromagnetic components with a complete stress relief annealing effect is used as a threshold value for evaluating the stress relief annealing heat treatment effect; 4, as to ferromagnetic test pieces with an incomplete stress relief annealing effect, the stress relief annealing process is rewritten and improved till the stress relief annealing effect of the ferromagnetic components is complete. The method has the advantages that the non-destructive testing technology is applied to the workpiece heat treatment process, the detection instrument is portable and easy to operate, a detection result is simple and clear, and therefore the efficiency of the stress relief annealing heat treatment process will be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement evaluating ferromagnetic material stress relief annealing thermal treatment process effect, be specifically related to a kind of method utilizing gaussmeter to evaluate ferromagnetic material stress relief annealing effect.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern industry, the ferromagnetic metal materials such as iron and steel more and more become important materials indispensable in national economy.But ferromagnetic piece can produce unrelieved stress after mechanical workout, deformation processing, casting, forging, thermal treatment and welding, affects the intensity of workpiece self on the one hand, affects the work-ing life of workpiece on the other hand.Eliminating one of the most effective way of unrelieved stress in workpiece is carry out stress relief annealing thermal treatment.At present, detect stress relief annealing thermal treatment process effect evaluation method to have tempered-hardness ratio method, detect heat treatment cycle curve etc.These traditional destressing evaluation methods belong to and damage detection method, and have the shortcomings such as complicated operation, cost is high, efficiency is low.
The nondestructive testing evaluation method principal feature of ferromagnetic material stray field effect stress relief annealing effect is that Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement being applied to heat treatment of workpieces technological effect evaluates, add that detecting instrument is portable, simple to operate, detected result is simple and clear, greatly will improve stress relief annealing thermal treatment process efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method utilizing gaussmeter to evaluate ferromagnetic material stress relief annealing effect, its principal feature is applied to by Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement in ferromagnetic material thermal treatment process effect assessment, and propose concrete evaluation method, there is simple to operate, the advantage such as efficiency is high, cost is low and detected result is simple and clear.
The present invention is achieved like this, a kind of method utilizing gaussmeter to evaluate ferromagnetic material stress relief annealing effect, it comprises a magnetic measuring instrument gaussmeter, described gaussmeter comprises Magnetic Sensor, normal direction detection probe, detected result picture display and fixed point continuous sweep device, said method comprising the steps of:
Step one, writes ferromagnetic component stress relief annealing technique according to stress relief annealing thermal treatment process normative document, sets heat-up time, holding temperature, soaking time and cooling time;
Step 2, carries out stress relief annealing heat treatment process according to the stress relief annealing technological process described in step one to ferromagnetic component;
Step 3, calibrates magnetic measuring instrument gaussmeter, adjustment instrument detection sensitivity, and uses gaussmeter to pop one's head at ferromagnetic component surface continuous sweep measuring line normal direction leakage field value Hp (y);
Step 4, analyzes ferromagnetic component surface normal leakage field value Hp (y) with the distribution relation of measuring route, and with the variance D of stress relief annealing standard ferromagnetic component Magnetic fluxleakage distribution curve and linear fit curve completely
thfor threshold value, ferromagnetic component uniform internal stress distribution now, reaches stress relief annealing effect.With this threshold value D
thas judge characteristic parameter, evaluate stress relief annealing thermal effectiveness.When leaked hunting field curve and linear fit curve variance D do not reach threshold value D
thtime, then show that this stress relief annealing thermal treatment is incomplete, technological process of writing needs to improve; When leaked hunting field curve and linear fit curve variance D reach threshold value D
thtime, then illustrate that this stress relief annealing is complete, reach the object removing unrelieved stress, it is feasible that institute writes process programming.The variance D calculation formula of Magnetic fluxleakage distribution curve and linear fit curve is:
In formula:
-actual measurement ferromagnetic component surface stray field value;
-linear fit stray field value.
Step 5, again writes the incomplete ferromagnetic items of stress relief annealing and improves stress relief annealing technique, until ferromagnetic component stress relief annealing is complete.Such as, to these parameters of heat-up time, holding temperature, soaking time and cooling time, ensureing, under the condition that other parameter is constant, to change some parameters successively, make evaluating characteristic parameter D reach minimum value, finally make D become the public minimum value of all parameters.
Technique effect of the present invention is: the present invention not only achieves the function achieved by method that tradition evaluates stress relief annealing effect.Also Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement is applied in ferromagnetic material thermal treatment process effect assessment, proposes concrete evaluation method.Add that detecting instrument is portable, simple to operate, detected result is simple and clear and the advantage such as low cost, substantially increase stress relief annealing thermal treatment process efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 stray field detects stress relief annealing process flow sheet.
Fig. 2 stress relief annealing technological effect testing process schematic diagram.
Before Fig. 3 stress relief annealing, test specimen stray field detects figure.
The incomplete test specimen stray field of Fig. 4 stress relief annealing effect detects figure.
The complete test specimen stray field of Fig. 5 stress relief annealing effect detects figure.
Embodiment
This invention mainly utilizes the signal characteristic of ferromagnetic material unrelieved stress position stray field to evaluate ferromagnetic material stress relief annealing effect and to improve thermal treatment process.Its principal feature is applied to by Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement in ferromagnetic material thermal treatment process effect assessment, have simple to operate, efficiency is high, cost is low and the advantage such as detected result readability.Its Cleaning Principle is that ferromagnetic material can produce unrelieved stress after mechanical workout, deformation processing, casting, forging, thermal treatment and welding, utilizes stress relief annealing thermal treatment process can eliminate the impact of unrelieved stress on workpiece.The quality of stress relief annealing thermal treatment process effect and the removal amount of workpiece unrelieved stress.Therefore, the distribution detecting inside workpiece unrelieved stress can evaluate the effect of stress relief annealing thermal treatment process.Ferromagnetic Material unrelieved stress belongs to stress concentration and discontinuity category, thus causes the change of ferromagnetic materials surface space magnetic field.By the detection to ferromagnetic materials surface stray field, analyze the relation between the ferromagnetic materials surface magnetic leakage signal regularity of distribution and inside workpiece unrelieved stress, inverting inside workpiece residual stress distribution state, thus reach the object evaluated stress relief annealing thermal treatment process effect and improve thermal treatment process.
Below in conjunction with ferromagnetic material 20# steel and 45# steel as an example and contrast accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
Step one, writes ferromagnetic component stress relief annealing technique according to stress relief annealing thermal treatment process normative document, sets heat-up time, holding temperature, soaking time and cooling time; Different its stress relief annealing thermal treatment process of numbering ferromagnetic component is as shown in the table:
Table 1 different numbering ferromagnetic component stress relief annealing thermal treatment process
Step 2, carries out stress relief annealing heat treatment process according to the stress relief annealing technological process described in step one to ferromagnetic component;
Step 3, calibrates magnetic measuring instrument gaussmeter, adjustment instrument detection sensitivity, and uses gaussmeter to pop one's head at ferromagnetic component surface continuous sweep measuring line normal direction leakage field value Hp (y);
Step 4, analyzes ferromagnetic component surface normal leakage field value Hp (y) and the distribution relation curve of measuring route, and with the variance D of stress relief annealing standard ferromagnetic component Magnetic fluxleakage distribution curve and linear fit curve completely for threshold value D
th, ferromagnetic component uniform internal stress distribution now, reaches stress relief annealing effect.With this threshold value D
thas judge characteristic parameter, evaluate stress relief annealing thermal effectiveness.When leaked hunting field curve and linear fit curve variance D do not reach threshold value D
thtime, then show that this stress relief annealing thermal treatment is incomplete, technological process of writing needs to improve; When leaked hunting field curve and linear fit curve variance D reach threshold value D
thtime, then illustrate that this stress relief annealing is complete, reach the object removing unrelieved stress, it is feasible that institute writes process programming.The variance D calculation formula of Magnetic fluxleakage distribution curve and linear fit curve is:
In formula:
-actual measurement ferromagnetic component surface stray field value;
-linear fit stray field value.
Calculate according to the variance D calculation formula of Magnetic fluxleakage distribution curve and linear fit curve, 20#, 30# steel test specimen after the process of each stress relief annealing thermal treatment process institute the field curve that leaks hunting and linear fit curve variance D as shown in table 2:
Table 2 surveys stray field curve and linear fit curve variance D
By adopting traditional detection stress relief annealing effect method hardness balance method to carry out verifying each annealing test specimen stress relief annealing effect, known: 1# test specimen is due to after being in machining, before stress relief annealing thermal treatment, test specimen inside is containing a large amount of unrelieved stresss; The inner unrelieved stress all containing size in various degree of 2# test specimen, 3# test specimen; 4# test specimen is inner, and substantially without residual stress distribution, therefore 4# technological process that test specimen is compiled can be used as standard stress relief annealing technological process, and its institute's field curve that leaks hunting and linear fit curve variance D are as threshold value D
th, evaluate stress relief annealing thermal effectiveness for passing judgment on characteristic parameter.
Step 5, again writes the incomplete ferromagnetic items of stress relief annealing and improves stress relief annealing technique, until ferromagnetic component stress relief annealing is complete.
The present invention mainly utilizes gaussmeter to the Changing Pattern of the stray field signal detecting ferromagnetic items unrelieved stress position and produce to evaluate stress relief annealing thermal treatment process and to update thermal treatment process, make stress relief annealing technique more efficient, convenient, stress relief annealing thermal treatment process efficiency will be substantially increased.
Claims (4)
1. the method utilizing gaussmeter to evaluate ferromagnetic material stress relief annealing effect, it comprises a magnetic measuring instrument gaussmeter, described gaussmeter comprises Magnetic Sensor, normal direction detection probe, detected result picture display and fixed point continuous sweep device, it is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
Step one, writes ferromagnetic component stress relief annealing technique according to stress relief annealing thermal treatment process normative document, sets heat-up time, holding temperature, soaking time and cooling time;
Step 2, carries out stress relief annealing heat treatment process according to the stress relief annealing technological process described in step one to ferromagnetic component;
Step 3, calibrates magnetic measuring instrument gaussmeter, adjustment instrument detection sensitivity, and uses gaussmeter to pop one's head at ferromagnetic component surface continuous sweep measuring line normal direction leakage field value Hp (y);
Step 4, analyzes ferromagnetic component surface normal leakage field value Hp (y) with the distribution relation curve of measuring route, and with the variance D of stress relief annealing standard ferromagnetic component Magnetic fluxleakage distribution curve and linear fit curve completely for threshold value D
th, ferromagnetic component uniform internal stress distribution now, reaches stress relief annealing effect; With this threshold value D
thas judge characteristic parameter, evaluate stress relief annealing thermal effectiveness; When leaked hunting field curve and linear fit curve variance D do not reach threshold value D
thtime, then show that this stress relief annealing thermal treatment is incomplete, technological process of writing needs to improve; When leaked hunting field curve and linear fit curve variance D reach threshold value D
thtime, then illustrate that this stress relief annealing is complete, reach the object removing unrelieved stress, institute's process programming of writing is feasible;
Step 5, again writes the incomplete ferromagnetic items of stress relief annealing and improves stress relief annealing technique, until ferromagnetic component stress relief annealing is complete; To these parameters of heat-up time, holding temperature, soaking time and cooling time, ensureing, under the condition that other parameter is constant, to change some parameters successively, make evaluating characteristic parameter D reach minimum value, finally make D become the public minimum value of all parameters.
2. a kind of method utilizing gaussmeter to evaluate ferromagnetic material stress relief annealing effect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the judge characteristic parameter described in step 4: with the variance D of stress relief annealing standard ferromagnetic component Magnetic fluxleakage distribution curve and linear fit curve completely for threshold value D
th, the variance D calculation formula of Magnetic fluxleakage distribution curve and linear fit curve is:
In formula:
-actual measurement ferromagnetic component surface stray field value;
-linear fit stray field value.
3. a kind of method utilizing gaussmeter to evaluate ferromagnetic material stress relief annealing effect as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described judge characteristic threshold value D
threpresent the complete Cheng Du of ferromagnetic component destressing, internal stress distribution is even, and reach destressing Detection results, D value is less, illustrates that stress relief annealing thermal treatment process code is feasible simultaneously.
4. a kind of method utilizing gaussmeter to evaluate ferromagnetic material stress relief annealing effect as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described judge characteristic threshold value D
th, different its of ferromagnetic component kind passes judgment on characteristic threshold value D
thnot identical yet.
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Application publication date: 20150429 |