CN104569837A - Self-learning method for battery capacity of electric automobile - Google Patents
Self-learning method for battery capacity of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN104569837A CN104569837A CN201410802068.1A CN201410802068A CN104569837A CN 104569837 A CN104569837 A CN 104569837A CN 201410802068 A CN201410802068 A CN 201410802068A CN 104569837 A CN104569837 A CN 104569837A
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-learning method for the battery capacity of an electric automobile. The self-learning method comprises the following steps: according to acquired battery information of a battery management system, adding up and calculating battery charging capacity or battery discharging capacity under a specific condition by the battery management system in a battery pack so as to obtain a parameter group capable of reflecting the performance of the battery pack, and saving the parameter group in a battery management system memory. The self-learning method can omit the working procedure of artificially demarcating the battery capacity in a batch production process of batteries for the electric automobile, so that the production efficiency is effectively improved, besides, the influence of anthropogenic factors on the production quality is also avoided, and not only is the production efficiency improved, but also the fraction defective of products is reduced. The data obtained by the acquisition and the calculation of the battery management system can be provided for control units of the electric automobile, so that the purpose of estimating the performance of the batteries in real time can be realized, the performance of the batteries in various environments can be correctly reflected, and the use of the electric automobile can be correctly guided; therefore, the development of electric automobile trades is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric vehicle battery management method, particularly a kind of batteries of electric automobile capacity self-learning method.
Background technology
Along with the continuous popularization of electric automobile, the output of batteries of electric automobile also constantly increases.Because of the otherness of individuality, the capacity of the battery of same batch of same specification of producing is not quite identical, so need to demarcate the actual capacity of electric battery.Present battery capacity parameter is demarcated two kinds of methods:
The first is applied in production test, with battery charge-discharge test cabinet, charge-discharge test is carried out to power brick, actual capacity value using the value tested out as electric battery, then artificial by computer or miscellaneous equipment in power brick battery management system carry out capacity parameter write, thus complete the demarcation of battery capacity;
Second method be same batch produce power brick all unification identical capability value is set, to write direct identical capability value namely to when not needing to test battery capacity the product of same batch, generally less than normal than the theoretical rated capacity of this power brick;
Wherein first method needs manually to write battery capacity data, and needs to test each power brick, and cost is high, efficiency is low, and the impact of the personnel of being subject to or apparatus factor, likely cause capacity setting mistake, thus produce defective products;
Second method can not reflect the actual capacity of power brick exactly, and the capability value of setting may be comparatively large with actual capacity error, has a strong impact on the state of battery management system to electric battery and the assessment of performance.
Power brick in use, its capacity can change, and change is by the impact of several factors, as environment for use temperature, frequency of utilization, working strength etc., said method all can not hold the true capacity of electric battery after change in real time, cannot judge when battery needs to be serviced or change exactly, after battery maintenance maintenance effect, and cannot improve the estimation precision of battery remaining power, the health degree of battery can not be assessed more accurately.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind of in real time, robotization demarcates the self-learning method of the batteries of electric automobile capacity of battery capacity.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme provided by the invention is: a kind of batteries of electric automobile capacity self-learning method, comprising:
Carry out initialization after battery management system powers on, then gather every kilometer of discharge capacity, calculate this average mileage discharge capacity that powers on, the minimum and maximum average mileage discharge capacity of history, and the average mileage discharge capacity of history;
Calculate charging capacity, battery is charged, gather the charging capacity of this charging, and record electric current and the temperature of this charging;
Calculate discharge capacity, battery is discharged, gather the discharge capacity of this electric discharge, and record electric current and the temperature of this electric discharge;
Calculate actual capacity and tolerance ratio, derive the charging capacity data and discharge capacity data of preserving, and the mode that after adopting first discharge capacity, the threshold condition of charging capacity and setting is compared draws actual capacity value, and then carry out tolerance than calculating;
Preserve data, the data of battery management system collection, calculating are preserved.
Preferably, described calculating actual capacity and tolerance ratio comprise the following steps:
S4-1: the charging capacity and the discharge capacity data that derive described preservation;
Whether S4-2: judge in the discharge capacity data derived, have discharge current and the temperature data within the scope of the first threshold of setting, if then getting discharge capacity corresponding to these data is actual capacity value, and enter step S4-5; Then enter step S4-3 if not;
S4-3: judge whether there are discharge current and temperature other discharge capacity data not within the scope of the first threshold of setting in the data derived, if the discharge capacity value of then getting in the discharge capacity data of the Second Threshold of discharge current and the closest setting of temperature is actual capacity value, and enters step S4-5; Then enter step S4-4 if not;
S4-4: judge whether there are charging capacity data in the data derived, if the charged capacity value then got in the charging capacity data of the 3rd threshold value of charging current and the closest setting of temperature is actual capacity value, and enters step S4-5; Otherwise determine that rated capacity value is enter step S4-5 after actual capacity value;
S4-5: carry out tolerance than calculating, computing formula is: (actual capacity value-rated capacity value) × 100% ÷ rated capacity value.
Preferably, described calculating charging capacity comprises the following steps:
S2-1: check whether battery emptying indicates effective, if then enter step S2-3; Otherwise enter step S2-2;
S2-2: judge the 5th the threshold value whether minimum monomer voltage of the cell in power brick is less than the 4th threshold value of setting or total voltage and whether is less than setting, if then arrange emptying to indicate effectively and then the ampere-hour number AH removing single accumulation charging enters step S2-3; Otherwise proceed to judge;
S2-3: judge whether the most high monomer voltage of battery arrives the 7th threshold value whether the 6th threshold value of setting or battery total voltage arrive setting, if then recording single accumulation charging ampere-hour number AH is this charging capacity, and record this charging current and temperature, then remove emptying and indicate; Otherwise proceed to judge;
Described calculating discharge capacity comprises the steps:
S3-1: whether effectively check that battery is full of sign, if then enter step S3-3; Otherwise enter step S3-2;
S3-2: judge the 7th the threshold value whether most high monomer voltage of the cell in power brick is greater than the 6th threshold value of setting or total voltage and whether is greater than setting, to indicate effectively and then the ampere-hour number AH removing single accumulated discharge enters step S3-3 if then arrange to be full of; Otherwise proceed to judge;
S3-3: judge whether the minimum monomer voltage of battery arrives the 5th threshold value whether the 4th threshold value of setting or battery total voltage arrive setting, if then recording single accumulated discharge ampere-hour number AH is this discharge capacity, and record this discharge current and temperature, then remove and be full of sign; Otherwise proceed to judge;
Preferably, this in described step S1 powers on average mileage discharge capacity and history is maximum, the calculating of minimum average B configuration mileage discharge capacity comprises the steps:
S1-1: judge whether mileage changes, if having, calculate this discharge capacity of average one kilometer of powering on, computing formula is: average one kilometer of discharge capacity=this electric discharge powered on total ampere-hour number AH ÷ VKT Vehicle Kilometers of Travel, then enters step S1-2; Otherwise continue to judge whether mileage changes;
S1-2: judge whether result of calculation is greater than history maximal value, is, recording this result of calculation is that then history maximal value terminates; Otherwise enter step S1-3;
S1-3: judge whether result of calculation is less than history minimum value, is, recording this result of calculation is that then history minimum value terminates, otherwise does not process.
Wherein, the temperature of first threshold be testing environment medial temperature ± 5 DEG C, electric current be present discharge average current ± 0.1C; The temperature of Second Threshold be testing environment medial temperature ± 15 DEG C, electric current be Rated motor discharge current ± 0.3C; The temperature of the 3rd threshold value is normal temperature (25 DEG C ± 10 DEG C), and electric current is Vehicular charger rated charge stream; 4th threshold value allows the minimum monomer voltage of electric discharge according to using the type of battery and battery specifications and determines, and generally gets 2.5 ~ 3.2V; 5th threshold value is the product of the 4th threshold value and electric battery serial number; 6th threshold value is determined according to using battery types and battery specifications to allow the most high monomer voltage of charging, generally gets 3.5 ~ 4.8V; 7th threshold value is the product of the 6th threshold value and electric battery serial number.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention adopts battery management system to carry out the self-learning method of battery capacity, the operation of manually battery capacity being demarcated can be deducted in batteries of electric automobile batch production process, thus effectively enhance productivity, also been removed the impact of human factor on the quality of production simultaneously, while enhancing productivity, reduce the fraction defective of product; Battery management system collection, the data calculated can be supplied to each control module of electric automobile, realize real-time assessment battery performance, correctly reflect battery performance under circumstances, correctly can guide the use of electric automobile, thus promote the development of electric automobile industry.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of battery capacity self-learning method of the present invention lower electricity in BMS power up;
Fig. 2 is battery capacity self-learning method structural drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the average one kilometer of discharge capacity of battery capacity self-learning method of the present invention and maximum, the minimum discharge capacity calculation flow chart of history;
Fig. 4 is that the charging capacity of battery capacity self-learning method of the present invention calculates process flow diagram;
Fig. 5 is the discharge capacity calculation flow chart of battery capacity self-learning method of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is that the actual capacity of battery capacity self-learning method of the present invention and tolerance compare calculation flow chart;
Fig. 7 is each calculating data saving step process flow diagram of battery capacity self-learning method of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention to be explained in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment for the ease of it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, shown in 2, a kind of batteries of electric automobile capacity self-learning method, the battery information gathered according to self by the battery management system of power brick inside, under given conditions the capacity of battery charging or electric discharge is added up, after computing, draw the parameter group that can reflect power brick performance, and be saved in battery management system storer, the data that electric automobile self-learning method collection of the present invention calculates comprise after battery management system powers on and gather every kilometer of discharge capacity, statistics also calculates this power on average mileage discharge capacity and the maximum average mileage discharge capacity of history and history minimum average B configuration mileage discharge capacity, the average mileage discharge capacity that statistics repeatedly powers on also calculates the average mileage discharge capacity of history, also calculate charging capacity, discharge capacity, and according to calculating the charging capacity data and the immediate actual capacity of discharge capacity data estimation and calculating tolerance ratio that store afterwards, and then carry out data preservation.By battery management system to the calculating of multiple data and specimens preserving, realize the self study of battery capacity, can provide practical in real time each control module of electric automobile, effectively, data accurately, make the cell condition all accurately can understanding electric automobile under which kind of environment, thus correctly guide use.
Concrete, the self-learning method of batteries of electric automobile capacity of the present invention comprises following content:
Carry out initialization after battery management system powers on, then gather every kilometer of discharge capacity, calculate this average mileage discharge capacity that powers on, the minimum and maximum average mileage discharge capacity of history, and the average mileage discharge capacity of history;
Wherein, as shown in Figure 3, this average mileage discharge capacity and history is maximum, the calculating of minimum average B configuration mileage discharge capacity comprises the steps: of powering on
S1-1: judge whether mileage changes, if having, calculate this discharge capacity of average one kilometer of powering on, computing formula is: average one kilometer of discharge capacity=this electric discharge powered on total ampere-hour number AH ÷ VKT Vehicle Kilometers of Travel, then enters step S1-2; Otherwise continue to judge whether mileage changes;
S1-2: judge whether result of calculation is greater than history maximal value, is, recording this result of calculation is that then history maximal value terminates; Otherwise enter step S1-3;
S1-3: judge whether result of calculation is less than history minimum value, is, recording this result of calculation is that then history minimum value terminates, otherwise does not process.
The calculating of described charging capacity, comprises and charging to battery, gathers the charging capacity of this charging, and records electric current and the temperature of this charging; As shown in Figure 4, following steps are divided in detail:
S2-1: check whether battery emptying indicates effective, if then enter step S2-3; Otherwise enter step S2-2;
S2-2: judge the 5th the threshold value whether minimum monomer voltage of the cell in power brick is less than the 4th threshold value of setting or total voltage and whether is less than setting, if then arrange emptying to indicate effectively and then the ampere-hour number AH removing single accumulation charging enters step S2-3; Otherwise continue to judge;
S2-3: judge whether the most high monomer voltage of battery arrives the 7th threshold value whether the 6th threshold value of setting or battery total voltage arrive setting, if then recording single accumulation charging ampere-hour number AH is this charging capacity, and record this charging current and temperature, then remove emptying and indicate; Otherwise continue to judge;
The calculating of discharge capacity, comprises and discharging to battery, gathers the discharge capacity of this electric discharge, and records electric current and the temperature of this electric discharge; As shown in Figure 5, following steps are divided into carry out in detail:
S3-1: whether effectively check that battery is full of sign, if then enter step S3-3; Otherwise enter step S3-2;
S3-2: judge the 7th the threshold value whether most high monomer voltage of the cell in power brick is greater than the 6th threshold value of setting or total voltage and whether is greater than setting, to indicate effectively and then the ampere-hour number AH removing single accumulated discharge enters step S3-3 if then arrange to be full of; Otherwise continue to judge;
S3-3: judge whether the minimum monomer voltage of battery arrives the 5th threshold value whether the 4th threshold value of setting or battery total voltage arrive setting, if then recording single accumulated discharge ampere-hour number AH is this discharge capacity, and record this discharge current and temperature, then remove and be full of sign; Otherwise continue to judge.
Actual capacity and tolerance, than calculating, comprise the charging capacity data and discharge capacity data that derive and preserve, and the mode that after adopting first discharge capacity, the threshold condition of charging capacity and setting is compared draw actual capacity value, and then carry out tolerance than calculating; As shown in Figure 6, following steps are divided into carry out in detail:
S4-1: the charging capacity and the discharge capacity data that derive described preservation;
Whether S4-2: judge in the discharge capacity data derived, have discharge current and the temperature data within the scope of the first threshold of setting, if then getting discharge capacity corresponding to these data is actual capacity value, and enter step S4-5; Then enter step S4-3 if not;
S4-3: judge whether there are discharge current and temperature other discharge capacity data not within the scope of the first threshold of setting in the data derived, if the discharge capacity value of then getting in the discharge capacity data of the Second Threshold of discharge current and the closest setting of temperature is actual capacity value, and enters step S4-5; Then enter step S4-4 if not;
S4-4: judge whether there are charging capacity data in the data derived, if the charged capacity value then got in the charging capacity data of the 3rd threshold value of charging current and the closest setting of temperature is actual capacity value, and enters step S4-5; Otherwise determine that rated capacity value is enter step S4-5 after actual capacity value;
S4-5: carry out tolerance than calculating, computing formula is: (actual capacity value-rated capacity value) × 100% ÷ rated capacity value.
As shown in Figure 7, the preservation of described each calculating data comprises the steps:
S5-1: effectively whether checking after battery management system power-up initializing clears data indicates, and be that now data are set to 0, it is invalid that the sign that then clears data is put; Otherwise enter step S5-2;
S5-2: judge whether data have renewal, are, upgrade change data, is saved in storer by data and the data time of changing, otherwise continues to check whether data have renewal.
By batteries of electric automobile capacity self-learning method of the present invention, the actual capacity of automatic real-time calibration power brick, accurately identifies the otherness of batteries of electric automobile capacity, effectively can assess the battery performance of electric automobile.Effectively can improve the efficiency of batteries of electric automobile batch production, also can keep in repair at electric automobile, Performance Evaluation be done to electric automobile when maintaining.
Be more than wherein specific implementation of the present invention, it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these apparent replacement forms all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a batteries of electric automobile capacity self-learning method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Carry out initialization after battery management system powers on, then gather every kilometer of discharge capacity, calculate this average mileage discharge capacity that powers on, the minimum and maximum average mileage discharge capacity of history, and the average mileage discharge capacity of history;
Calculate charging capacity, battery is charged, gather the charging capacity of this charging, and record electric current and the temperature of this charging;
Calculate discharge capacity, battery is discharged, gather the discharge capacity of this electric discharge, and record electric current and the temperature of this electric discharge;
Calculate actual capacity and tolerance ratio, derive the charging capacity data and discharge capacity data of preserving, and the mode that after adopting first discharge capacity, the threshold condition of charging capacity and setting is compared draws actual capacity value, and then carry out tolerance than calculating;
Preserve data, the data of battery management system collection, calculating are preserved.
2. batteries of electric automobile capacity self-learning method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described calculating actual capacity and tolerance ratio comprise the following steps:
S4-1: the charging capacity and the discharge capacity data that derive described preservation;
Whether S4-2: judge in the discharge capacity data derived, have discharge current and the temperature data within the scope of the first threshold of setting, if then getting discharge capacity corresponding to these data is actual capacity value, and enter step S4-5; Then enter step S4-3 if not;
S4-3: judge whether there are discharge current and temperature other discharge capacity data not within the scope of the first threshold of setting in the data derived, if the discharge capacity value of then getting in the discharge capacity data of the Second Threshold of discharge current and the closest setting of temperature is actual capacity value, and enters step S4-5; Then enter step S4-4 if not;
S4-4: judge whether there are charging capacity data in the data derived, if the charged capacity value then got in the charging capacity data of the 3rd threshold value of charging current and the closest setting of temperature is actual capacity value, and enters step S4-5; Otherwise determine that rated capacity value is enter step S4-5 after actual capacity value;
S4-5: carry out tolerance than calculating, computing formula is: (actual capacity value-rated capacity value) × 100% ÷ rated capacity value.
3. batteries of electric automobile capacity self-learning method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described calculating charging capacity comprises the following steps:
S2-1: check whether battery emptying indicates effective, if then enter step S2-3; Otherwise enter step S2-2;
S2-2: judge the 5th the threshold value whether minimum monomer voltage of the cell in power brick is less than the 4th threshold value of setting or total voltage and whether is less than setting, if then arrange emptying to indicate effectively and then the ampere-hour number AH removing single accumulation charging enters step S2-3; Otherwise proceed to judge;
S2-3: judge whether the most high monomer voltage of battery arrives the 7th threshold value whether the 6th threshold value of setting or battery total voltage arrive setting, if then recording single accumulation charging ampere-hour number AH is this charging capacity, and record this charging current and temperature, then remove emptying and indicate; Otherwise proceed to judge;
Described calculating discharge capacity comprises the steps:
S3-1: whether effectively check that battery is full of sign, if then enter step S3-3; Otherwise enter step S3-2;
S3-2: judge the 7th the threshold value whether most high monomer voltage of the cell in power brick is greater than the 6th threshold value of setting or total voltage and whether is greater than setting, to indicate effectively and then the ampere-hour number AH removing single accumulated discharge enters step S3-3 if then arrange to be full of; Otherwise proceed to judge;
S3-3: judge whether the minimum monomer voltage of battery arrives the 5th threshold value whether the 4th threshold value of setting or battery total voltage arrive setting, if then recording single accumulated discharge ampere-hour number AH is this discharge capacity, and record this discharge current and temperature, then remove and be full of sign; Otherwise proceed to judge.
4. batteries of electric automobile capacity self-learning method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, this in described step S1 powers on average mileage discharge capacity and history is maximum, the calculating of minimum average B configuration mileage discharge capacity comprises the steps:
S1-1: judge whether mileage changes, if having, calculate this discharge capacity of average one kilometer of powering on, computing formula is: average one kilometer of discharge capacity=this electric discharge powered on total ampere-hour number AH ÷ VKT Vehicle Kilometers of Travel, then enters step S1-2; Otherwise continue to judge whether mileage changes;
S1-2: judge whether result of calculation is greater than history maximal value, is, recording this result of calculation is that then history maximal value terminates; Otherwise enter step S1-3;
S1-3: judge whether result of calculation is less than history minimum value, is, recording this result of calculation is that then history minimum value terminates, otherwise does not process.
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| CN114355192A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-04-15 | 宝星智能科技(上海)有限公司 | Battery capacity evaluation method |
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