CN104568850A - Computing chip imaging biosensing platform capable of utilizing surface plasma chip - Google Patents

Computing chip imaging biosensing platform capable of utilizing surface plasma chip Download PDF

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CN104568850A
CN104568850A CN201410856743.9A CN201410856743A CN104568850A CN 104568850 A CN104568850 A CN 104568850A CN 201410856743 A CN201410856743 A CN 201410856743A CN 104568850 A CN104568850 A CN 104568850A
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surface plasma
chip
microarray
pixel
plasma chip
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CN104568850B (en
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武京治
王艳红
赵宇
王高
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North University of China
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Abstract

The invention discloses a computing chip imaging biosensing platform capable of utilizing a surface plasma chip. The biosensing platform comprises the surface plasma chip and a CCD image sensor, wherein the surface plasma chip comprises one or more microarray pixels manufactured on a metallic membrane layer of a glass base; each microarray pixel comprises a periodic metal nanowire array; each microarray pixel is a separate unit in X direction and the Y direction; the surface plasma chip serves as a sensing chip; the CCD image sensor serves as a detecting element, is attached to the reverse side of the glass base of the surface plasma chip and used for recording the diffraction image of each microarray pixel and obtaining the concentration or intermolecular interaction information of a to-be-detected albuminous membrane layer through analyzing the diffraction image. The biosensing platform has the characteristics of compact structure, light weight, lens-free integrated chip imaging, zero chemical reaction process, and zero mark detection.

Description

A kind of computing chip Imaging biological sensing platform utilizing surface plasma chip
Technical field
The present invention relates to the biology sensor for disorder in screening and epiphytotics prevention area, relate to the computing chip Imaging biological sensing platform of the surface plasma chip utilizing surface plasmon modes especially.
Background technology
Effective diagnosis and inspection are vital for disorder in screening and epiphytotics prevention.Current most medical examination means are all consuming time and with expensive chemical process, especially in developing country, need a kind of effective, easy-operating detection means in a hurry.
Biology sensor (biosensor) is responsive to biological substance and its concentration is converted to the instrument that electric signal detects, and is to make analysis tool that recognition component (as bioactivators such as enzyme, antibody, nucleic acid) and suitable physics and chemistry transducer (as oxygen electrode, photosensitive tube etc.) and signal amplifying apparatus form or system by biological sensitive materials.
But at present, the widespread use of biology sensor is still faced with some difficulties, the selection of the biological sensing element as strong in activity, selectivity is high; The raising in the serviceable life of signal detector; The raising in the serviceable life of signal converter; The stability of biological response and the microminiaturization of biology sensor, the problem such as portable.
The present invention utilizes surface plasma resonant vibration technology, without the need to complicated, consuming time, expensive chemical reaction process, solves a series of difficult problems utilizing the biology sensor of chemical reaction.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of computing chip Imaging biological sensing platform utilizing surface plasma chip, this sensing platform is lightweight, compact, can make point-of-care and diagnostic tool, can provide real-time testing result, does not need professional health care people.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of computing chip Imaging biological sensing platform utilizing surface plasma chip, comprise surface plasma chip and ccd image sensor, described surface plasma chip is made up of at least one microarray pixel that the metallic diaphragm of substrate of glass makes, tested individual layer or double-layer egg white matter rete can be adhered to above described microarray pixel, each microarray pixel is made up of the metal nanometer line array in cycle, each microarray pixel be separate unit in X-direction and Y-direction, without metal film interval between adjacent microarray pixel cell, described surface plasma chip is as sensing chip, ccd image sensor is as detecting element, ccd image sensor is directly mounted on the back side of the substrate of glass of surface plasma chip, ccd image sensor is used for the diffraction image of the metal nano line structure recording microarray pixel, the tested concentration of protein rete or the information of intermolecular interaction is obtained by analyzing diffraction image.
The microarray pixel of described surface plasma chip is one-dimensional pixel array in X-direction, and Y-direction is the arrangement of this one-dimensional pixel array multiple.
Described surface plasma chip period array diffracts pattern adopts SP (-1,0) surface plasmon modes, and the surface plasmon modes of ccd image sensor record is the diffraction pattern of SP (-1,0) pattern.
Described surface plasma chip is by least one microarray pixel that the substrate of glass 12 of thick H=1mm and thick h=50nm metallic diaphragm make, each microarray Pixel Dimensions long L × wide D=100 μm × 100 μm, be made up of the metal nanometer line array of live width d=150nm, cycle T=300nm, the peak value of described LD lighting source controls at 638nm, and bandwidth is 12nm.
The microarray pixel that the present invention makes is discrete metal nano line structure, and restriction heat transfer, improves the photo-thermal effect of nanostructured; The particular temperature gradient field that photo-thermal effect produces, when carrying out the sample analysis of protein rete, in conjunction with the optical force of metal nanometer line array structure and hotwork firmly, improve the manipulation efficiency of nano particle, the molecular layers thick that can detect can be little of nanometer scale.This bioanalytical sensing platform compact conformation, lightweight, without the imaging of lens integrated chip, feature without chemical reaction process, unmarked detection.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is surface plasma chip stereo schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is surface plasma chip cross sectional representation (A-A) of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is surface plasma chip array structure floor map of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is surface plasma chip array structure schematic perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is surface plasma chip nano wire ambient temperature gradients cross sectional representation of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is surface plasma chip nano wire ambient temperature gradients floor map of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is of the present invention without lens computing chip imaging sensing platform schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the exploded view of hand-held high flux biology sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the lighting theory figure of hand-held high flux biology sensor of the present invention.
Embodiment
Surface plasma (Surface Plasmons, SPs) refers to that the electronics of free vibration that exists in metal surface and photon interact the electronics dilatational wave propagated along metal surface produced.
Surface plasma body resonant vibration is a kind of physical optics phenomenon.It utilizes light to penetrate into evanescent waves in metallic film when glass and metallic film interface experiences total internal reflection, the free electron caused in metal produces surface plasma, under incident angle or wavelength are the condition of a certain appropriate value, surface plasma is equal with wave number with disappearance wave frequency, the two will resonate, and incident light is absorbed, and energy of reflection light is sharply declined, reflectance spectrum occurs reflection strength minimum, and this is resonance peak.The photon energy part absorbed is converted to the interior energy of metallic ion, thus creates photo-thermal effect.
Photo-thermal effect is the absorption due to metal pair light, and when after Metal absorption light, part can be converted to Joule heat, thus luminous energy is converted to heat energy, i.e. photo-thermal effect.The nano wire Periodic Temperature field that photo-thermal effect causes.This temperature field will make nano particle produce special exercise.By the nano particle characteristics of motion under designing specific nanostructured and analyzing the thermograde of nanostructured and thermograde, detection and the manipulation of nano particle will be contributed to.
When carrying out the sample analysis of protein rete, the research of traditional manipulation to nano particle is mainly utilized as optical force, and hotwork is firmly left in the basket.The power that optical force produces after referring to the interaction generation resonance of light and metal nano line structure.After hotwork firmly then refers to metal nano line structure strong absorption light, the thermal effect of generation.Because the temperature variation that thermal effect produces only has the several years, usually so be often left in the basket.
But recent studies have found that, within the scope of micro-nano, the Brownian movement of thermal effect to particle produced due to the absorption of metal pair light has a great impact, therefore, photo-thermal effect is considerable on the efficiency of particle manipulation and accuracy impact, and ignoring thermal effect will produce considerable influence to particle analysis and manipulation precision.The more important thing is, optical force is relevant with the volume of particle, and when particle volume hour, optics trapping power diminishes, and particle is easy to escape.Hotwork is firmly combined with optical force, and the trapping power being conducive to these volume small-particles increases and improve trapping efficiency, based on this achievement in research, thus proposes surface plasma chip of the present invention.
One, surface plasma chip and preparation
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, in the present invention, the substrate of surface plasma chip 1 is optical glass, is prepared by LIL method.In order to increase diffraction image transmitance, first in substrate of glass 12, depositing three layers of medium, being respectively anti-reflection film, silica membrane and photoresist film.Then, on these retes, utilize electron beam vaporization method to deposit the golden membranous layer of 50nm.Finally, by unnecessary golden membranous layer from the removing of anti-reflection film layer, the golden film linear array structure of wide 150nm, cycle 300nm is left.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 4, surface plasma chip 1 is made up of the microarray pixel 13 that the substrate of glass 12 of thick H=1mm and thick h=50nm metallic diaphragm 11 make, tested individual layer or double-layer egg white matter rete can be adhered on microarray pixel 13, each microarray pixel 13 size long L × wide D=100 μm × 100 μm, by live width d=150nm, the metal nanometer line 14 array composition of cycle T=300nm, each microarray pixel 13 be separate unit in X-direction and Y-direction, have between adjacent microarray pixel 13 unit 1 μm without metal film interval 15, 16.Each microarray pixel 13 is large at X-direction one-dimensional pixel array, Y-direction is the arrangement of this one-dimensional pixel array multiple, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, same substrate of glass 12 makes the one-dimensional pixel array (X-direction extension) of X-direction, and be the arrangement (Y-direction extension) of the one-dimensional pixel these made in the Y direction.
In surface plasma periodic structure design in the past, the impact avoiding photo-thermal effect of all trying one's best, therefore the metal construction used is all continuous structure, utilizes the good thermal conductivity of metal and the amount of localized heat caused by photo-thermal effect passes, and namely ignores the impact of photo-thermal effect.
But in some microarray pixels of surface plasma chip 1 of the present invention, adopt the block periodic structure of isolation, i.e. independently microarray pixel, the heat local that photo-thermal effect is caused is in certain limit, and complete heat transmission at this local scope by heat transfer, form specified temp field, protein molecule will do special exercise under this temperature field, and combine with optical effect, enhance detection efficiency.
Described nanostructured photo-thermal effect is: when plasma resonance occurs, incident light is strongly absorbed, and a photon energy part for absorption produces resonance, and another part is converted to the interior energy of metallic ion, produces heat Medium Diffusion towards periphery.The absorbed efficiency of incident light of varying strength I is by absorption cross section σ absdetermine.In order to easy understand, we are from joule heating effect, and the density p (r) obtaining producing thermal source is expressed as
p ( r ) = 1 2 [ J s * E + J s E * ] = ω ϵ 0 Jm [ ϵ r ( ω ) ] | E | 2
Here J sit is current density.ω is light frequency, ε 0, ε rbe respectively the relative dielectric constant of substrate and metal Nano structure.Jm [] refers to imaginary part.To p (r) integration on the nano particle V of certain volume, the heat power Q produced can be obtained,
Q=∫ Vp(r)dr
The temperature variation T (r, t) of the surface plasma structure caused by this heat can be obtained by following thermic vibrating screen,
ρ c ω ∂ T ( r , t ) ∂ t - ▿ · [ K ( r ) ▿ T ( r , t ) ] = p ( r , t )
In formula, ρ is mass density, c ωbe thermal capacity, K is thermal conductivity.
Can know by analyzing us above, after light is absorbed, due to the joule heating effect of metal, part luminous energy is made to be converted to heat energy, conversion number relevant with the specific inductive capacity of metal and volume or structure, the thermograde produced after heat diffusion is also determined by the character of metal construction.
As shown in Figure 5, when laser beam irradiation is to metal nanometer line 14 array (i.e. multiple microarray pixel) of surface plasma chip 1, laser generation diffraction, and excitating surface plasma resonant mode, electromagnetic field is made to be confined to the edge of metal nanometer line 14, as the electric field equipotential line 18 in Fig. 5.As shown in Figure 6 metal nanometer line 14 structure periphery in cycle produce because of photo-thermal effect from center to the specific temperature gradient distribution 17 of edge-diffusion, when learning nano particle electric field intensity, use photo-thermal effect formula can obtain the heat of nano particle generation
q ( r ) = 1 2 ω ϵ 0 Im { ϵ γ } | E ( r ) | 2 - - - ( 11 )
In formula (11), q (r) is required heat, and ω is incident light wave frequency, ε 0for the specific inductive capacity of vacuum, Im (ε r) be the imaginary part of the specific inductive capacity of nano particle, E rfor the electric field intensity at nano particle place.
Surface plasma chip 1 of the present invention, by arranging and study distribution and the Brownian movement of nano particle in temperature field in metal nanometer line 14 structure periphery temperature field, will contribute to improving detection of particles efficiency.Protein molecule does special exercise in temperature field, improves detection efficiency.
Therefore, surface plasma chip 1 structure of the present invention adopts the metal nanometer line array structure be separated, in conjunction with the optical force of metal nanometer line array structure and hotwork firmly, the heat that photo-thermal effect is produced is not because the heat transfer of metal is diffused, but be distributed in around metal nanometer line by uniform temperature gradient, by the statistical study of metal nanometer line ambient temperature gradients, thus grasp the characteristics of motion of nano particle, this characteristics of motion is utilized to improve the manipulation efficiency of nano particle, comprehensive utilization near field optic effect and nanostructured photo-thermal effect, improve efficiency and the reliability of analyzing samples.
Two, the computing chip Imaging biological sensing platform utilizing above-mentioned surface plasma chip to form
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 7, computing chip imaging sensing platform 5, comprise above-mentioned surface plasma chip 1 and ccd image sensor 2, surface plasma chip 1 is as sensing chip, ccd image sensor 2 is as detecting element, ccd image sensor 2 is directly mounted on the back side of the substrate of glass 12 of surface plasma chip 1, ccd image sensor 2 is used for the diffraction image of metal nanometer line 14 structure recording microarray pixel 13, obtains the information of the intermolecular interaction of tested protein rete by analyzing diffraction image.
Its principle is: protein rete be attached on microarray pixel 13 unit, add the local indexes of refraction on the surface of microarray pixel 13, the resonant wavelength of the surface plasma resonance produced will move to long wave, by the resonance peak wavelength moving range of demodulation lighting source and the Strength Changes of the rear resonance wavelength of modulation, thus the molecular binding event of detectable variable concentrations protein.
First, utilize 95% thiosulfonic acid and 5% peroxosulphuric to dissolve in the solution clean surface plasma chip 1 of hydrogen peroxide and water, eliminate surface contamination.Then, by ultra micro yardstick distribution systems such as molecule printers, protein solution is positioned at the golden film of the microarray pixel 13 of surface plasma chip 1 on the surface.Can adhere to individual layer or double-layer egg white matter rete on microarray pixel 13, be 0.5mg mL respectively -1a/G protein and 0.5mg mL -1igG protein.The protein rete of attachment adds the local indexes of refraction of sensor surface, surface plasmon modes moves to long wave, the diffraction pattern of the ccd image sensor 2 recording surface plasmon modes of computing chip imaging sensing platform 5 of the present invention, demodulated the spectral displacement of resonance peak by the Strength Changes of pattern and spectral range by computing chip, when protein molecule variations in refractive index, condition of resonance will be changed, thus it is different with light intensity to produce the spectrum detected, by spectroanalysis instrument demodulation, the number sign molecular binding situation of resonance centre wavelength movement.
The diffraction pattern of metal nanometer line 14 array of surface plasma chip 1 of the present invention adopts SP (-1,0) surface plasmon modes, the surface plasmon modes that ccd image sensor 2 records is SP (-1,0) diffraction pattern of pattern, adopt SP (-1,0) mode transfer intensity is higher, is easy to detection.
Here SP (-1,0) surface plasmon modes refers to surface plasma raster stage, and be the grid line structure of P to the cycle, incident photon and surface plasma primitive need meet following condition:
surface plasma wave vector, that incident photon wave vector is being parallel to the component of metal surface, with the grid and vector relevant with raster stage time (i, j), wherein therefore, in certain spectral range, the condition that the spectrum meeting transmission resonance should meet is: here, ε dand ε mbe respectively the specific inductive capacity of hosqt media and metal level.The present invention only has the cycle grid line of X-direction, therefore j=0.And the x=-1 level selecting intensity transmission maximum in the design and SP (-1,0) surface plasmon modes, its intensity transmission is higher, is easy to detection.
Filled by 1mm substrate of glass 12 between surface plasma chip 1 of the present invention and ccd image sensor 2, namely meet surface plasma shooting conditions, in turn ensure that the diffraction pattern that ccd image sensor 2 receives is in far-field region, evanescent wave can be ignored, and principle is as follows:
The far-field region of the aperture diaphragm of incident light λ is fraunhofer distance, is defined as d f=2D 2/ λ, D is the full-size in aperture here, and λ is wavelength.For the optical maser wavelength of λ=638nm, the square pixels of 100 μm of x 100 μm, d f30mm.Therefore, be far from reaching fraunhofer distance, be still in near-field region.But in the near field region in aperture, at certain distance d frwithin, evanescent waves can not be ignored, and now, electromagnetic field is uncertain; And at distance d frin addition, although Electric and magnetic fields and far field different in kind, but predictable, be similar to and think that electromagnetic field is in far field.This is defined as apart from us: d fr=0.62 (D 3/ λ) 1/2.
For surface plasma pixel of the present invention, d frbe about 0.75mm.Therefore, we select substrate of glass 12 for 1mm, and ensure that diffraction pattern is in predictable approximate far-field region, imaging optical system, without discrete optical lens, does not need lens imaging.After microarray pixel 13 absorbs luminous energy generation resonance, different absorption resonance spectrum and electric-field enhancing is produced according to different refractive indexes, ccd image sensor 2 can record the change of its light intensity, does not need any lens to get final product recording surface plasma resonance pattern diffraction pattern.
Three, above-mentioned computing chip imaging sensing platform is utilized to be assembled into hand-held high flux biology sensor
As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, a kind of hand-held high flux biology sensor 6, comprise housing 4, LD lighting source 3, aperture diaphragm 31, computing chip imaging sensing platform 5, computing chip imaging sensing platform 5 comprises surface plasma chip 1 and ccd image sensor 2, housing 4 inside forms darkroom structure, and LD lighting source 3, aperture diaphragm 31, surface plasma chip 1 and ccd image sensor 2 are arranged in order formation sensor-based system in darkroom.
As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, housing 4 is split type, comprises end cap 41, cylindrical shell 42, pressing plate 43, base plate 46, and described end cap 41, cylindrical shell 42, pressing plate 43, base plate 46 each several part adopt pin connect or be threaded togather, inner formation darkroom; Described LD lighting source 3 and aperture diaphragm 31 are arranged in end cap 41 (scheming not shown), the middle part of cylindrical shell 42 is circular cavity 48, base plate 46 is provided with pockets 47, computing chip imaging sensing platform 5 is fixed in pockets 47 by pressing plate 43, the through hole 45 offered with circular cavity 48 size is provided with in the middle part of pressing plate 43, the light transmission aperture diaphragm 31 that LD lighting source 3 sends, is impinged upon on computing chip imaging sensing platform 5 by circular cavity 48, through hole 45.In darkroom of the present invention, optical device arranges in order, and the position of every part is fixed by physical construction all, and only need process installation on request, desired spacing is fixed by physical construction, without the need to fine regulating device.
As shown in Figure 9, in order to detect the spectral red shift of LD lighting source 3 typical peak reliably, described LD lighting source 3 is semiconductor laser LD lighting source, and peak value should well control at 638nm, and bandwidth is 12nm, and laser is TM polarization mode.The light emitting diode of wavelength 638nm centered by this semiconductor laser LD lighting source adopts, slow axis 32 angle of divergence is 7.5 degree, and fast axle 33 remains the angle of divergence 10 degree, d 1the distance L in the lasing fluorescence face of=2mm aperture diaphragm 31 and semiconductor laser LD lighting source 3 1=10mm, when the distance of Laser Transmission 10mm arrives 2mm aperture diaphragm 31, slow axis 32 light passes through completely, and the part that the smooth emission angle of fast axle 33 is larger is covered, and only has core to pass through.As arrival L 2during the surface plasma chip 1 at=4cm place, it is d that illumination spot is about diameter 2the border circular areas of=7mm, field of illumination is 6mm × 5mm uniformly and effectively, meets lighting area requirement.
In the present invention, the light beam of the 638nm centre wavelength of LD lighting source 3 is close with the surface plasmon polaritons resonance wavelength of designed surface plasma chip 1.Different plasma nanostructureds has different plasmon resonant frequency, usually uses ω sprepresent the plasmon resonant frequency of nanostructured
ω sp = ( ω ep 2 1 + κ ϵ s r + ω e 0 )
κ is the geometrical form factors of nanostructured, ε s rsurrounding medium specific inductive capacity, be the plasma frequency of free electron, N is the free electron density of plasma material, m celectronics relative mass.
From formula above, the resonant frequency of nanostructured is relevant with nanostructure shape, surrounding medium specific inductive capacity and metal material character.The nanostructured of difformity and parameter, the frequency producing resonance is different, namely will select suitable optical wavelength, to meet condition of resonance.The resonant frequency that surface plasma chip 1 nanostructured of the present invention and generation meet is near 638nm.
Hand-held high flux biology sensor 6 of the present invention does not need bulky discrete optical device and mechanical fine adjustment structure, due to this characteristic, make computing chip biology sensor of the present invention different from existing multi-element biologic detection system, there is extremely compact feature and lightweight feature (being less than 10cm high), there is the features such as hand-held, easy to operate, these features make it be very suitable for the needs of medical domain and diagnosis, point-of-care and diagnostic tool can be made, real-time testing result can be provided, not need health care professional.Computing chip biology sensor of the present invention can detect without any label, the little protein list thick to 3nm or bilayer, and detection limit can be little of ng mL -1, can protein molecule binding situation in the biomolecule of quantitative test relative broad range concentration.

Claims (4)

1. one kind utilizes the computing chip Imaging biological sensing platform of surface plasma chip, it is characterized in that: comprise surface plasma chip and ccd image sensor, described surface plasma chip is made up of at least one microarray pixel that the metallic diaphragm of substrate of glass makes, tested individual layer or double-layer egg white matter rete can be adhered to above described microarray pixel, each microarray pixel is made up of the metal nanometer line array in cycle, each microarray pixel be separate unit in X-direction and Y-direction, without metal film interval between adjacent microarray pixel cell, described surface plasma chip is as sensing chip, ccd image sensor is as detecting element, ccd image sensor is directly mounted on the back side of the substrate of glass of surface plasma chip, ccd image sensor is used for the diffraction image of the metal nano line structure recording microarray pixel, the tested concentration of protein rete or the information of intermolecular interaction is obtained by analyzing diffraction image.
2. a kind of hand-held high flux biology sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the microarray pixel of described surface plasma chip is one-dimensional pixel array in X-direction, and Y-direction is the arrangement of this one-dimensional pixel array multiple.
3. a kind of hand-held high flux biology sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described surface plasma chip period array diffracts pattern adopts SP (-1,0) surface plasmon modes, the surface plasmon modes of ccd image sensor record is the diffraction pattern of SP (-1,0) pattern.
4. a kind of hand-held high flux biology sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described surface plasma chip is by least one microarray pixel that the substrate of glass 12 of thick H=1mm and thick h=50nm metallic diaphragm make, each microarray Pixel Dimensions long L × wide D=100 μm × 100 μm, be made up of the metal nanometer line array of live width d=150nm, cycle T=300nm, the peak value of described LD lighting source controls at 638nm, and bandwidth is 12nm.
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