CN104568739A - Rapid measurement device for contact rigidity and unit contact area ratio of combined surface - Google Patents
Rapid measurement device for contact rigidity and unit contact area ratio of combined surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN104568739A CN104568739A CN201510041008.7A CN201510041008A CN104568739A CN 104568739 A CN104568739 A CN 104568739A CN 201510041008 A CN201510041008 A CN 201510041008A CN 104568739 A CN104568739 A CN 104568739A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid measurement device for contact rigidity and a unit contact area ratio of a combined surface. The rapid measurement device comprises a loading device and a measurement device which are connected by a signal wire, wherein the loading device comprises a bracket; a loading assembly, an upper test piece, a lower test piece, a supporting assembly and an adjusting assembly are sequentially arranged between a top plate of the bracket and a bottom plate of the bracket along the vertical shaft direction of the bracket; the measurement device comprises an main engine and a hydraulic control system which is connected with the main engine by a signal line; and the hydraulic control system is connected with the loading assembly by a signal line. According to the rapid measurement device for the contact rigidity and the unit contact area ratio of the combined surface, the rapid measurement of the contact rigidity, the unit contact area ratio of the combined surface and the like is carried out so that the transverse contact rigidity and vertical contact rigidity of the combined surface, the relative displacement of the combined surface, the unit contact area ratio of the combined surface and the retarded damping loss of the combined surface can be obtained; and all parameters of the combined surface are measured at the same time so that the accuracy and accuracy of the measured parameters are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to faying face exposure parameter field of measuring technique, be specifically related to a kind of joint surface contact stiffness and per unit contact area compares rapid measurement device.
Background technology
Along with more and more higher to the accuracy requirement of the equipment such as lathe, the research for the faying face affecting mechanism's mechanical property seems more important.The impact of correlation parameter on the complete machine mechanical property of the equipment such as lathe of faying face is mainly manifested in contact stiffness and the contact damping of faying face, and the contact area of faying face is the direct sources of contact stiffness and contact damping, therefore obtains Complexed Prostate Specific Antigen accurately and provide theoretical direction for the optimal design of the equipment such as lathe.The current calculating to composition surface contact stiffness is mainly started with from model, by setting up the contact model of faying face, is calculated by force equation, and the shortcoming of this method is too idealized, causes the contact stiffness of calculating and the larger deviation of physical presence; Simultaneously to be subject to the impact of real surface micro-bulge very large for the contact stiffness of faying face, the irregularities of faying face micro-bulge result in the non-linear of contact stiffness and suffered load relation, and the result therefore calculated by idealized model is difficult to the composition surface contact stiffness obtaining degree of precision.The calculating of the real contact area of faying face is mainly in the theory hypothesis stage, and the main Corpus--based Method method of this theory hypothesis, by setting up the distribution of rough surface peak heights and then carrying out mathematical integral operation acquisition to the real contact area of surface in contact.The shortcoming of the method is, the hypothesis of faying face contact model has limitation for the research of the real contact area of faying face, because faying face can produce different surface topographies due to the difference of job operation, the roughness peak height of statistics simulation can not express concrete surface more accurately, this contact model is just theoretical based on elasto-plastic Contact simultaneously, do not relate to the contact phenomena that microcosmic slippage, creep etc. are meticulousr, thus the contact area calculated as coherent reference, can only can not reflect the contact area of this faying face really.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of joint surface contact stiffness and per unit contact area than rapid measurement device, solve existing method too idealized, cause the contact stiffness of calculating and actual value to there is the problem of relatively large deviation.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, joint surface contact stiffness and per unit contact area, than rapid measurement device, comprise by charger and measurement mechanism; Charger comprises support, along support plotted, charging assembly, upper test specimen, lower test specimen, supporting component and adjustment assembly is disposed with between from rack plate to support base plate, charging assembly is fixed on rack plate, it applies end face and is pressed on the non-measured end face of test specimen, the measurement end face of upper test specimen and the measurement end contact of lower test specimen, the non-measured end face of lower test specimen is pressed on supporting component, supporting component bottom is positioned by adjustment assembly, and adjustment assembly is installed whole measurement, unloaded operation; The hydraulic control system that described measurement mechanism is comprised main frame and is connected by control signal with main frame, hydraulic control system is connected with charging assembly by load signal.
Feature of the present invention is also,
Charging assembly comprises the hydraulic loading device being arranged on rack plate, hydraulic loading device output terminal is connected with hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder supply side is connected with dynamometer, dynamometer is fixed on the upper surface of pressure head, pressure head inner chamber is equipped with horizontal ultrasonic transducer, and the loaded planar of pressure head contacts with upper test specimen non-measured face.
The support end of horizontal ultrasonic transducer is fixed on the end face of pressure head inner chamber by elastic washer I.
Main frame is connected by signal wire with lateral ultrasonic wave generator, and lateral ultrasonic wave generator is connected with horizontal sonac by signal wire; Main frame is connected by signal wire with lateral ultrasonic wave receiver, and lateral ultrasonic wave receiver is connected with horizontal sonac by signal wire.
Upper test specimen both sides are respectively arranged with circular hole, and circular hole is built with eddy current sensor, and the gauge head of each eddy current sensor vertically aims at lower test specimen.
The measurement plane of upper test specimen contacts with the measurement plane homalographic of lower test specimen.
Supporting component comprises bearing, the supporting plane of bearing and the non-measured end contact of lower test specimen, and the inner chamber of bearing is equipped with longitudinal ultrasonic wave sensor, and the support end of longitudinal ultrasonic wave sensor is fixed on the bottom surface of bearing inner chamber by elastic washer II.
Main frame is connected by signal wire with longitudinal ultrasonic wave producer, and longitudinal ultrasonic wave producer is connected with longitudinal ultrasonic wave sensor by signal wire; Main frame is connected by signal wire with longitudinal ultrasonic ripple receiver, and longitudinal ultrasonic ripple receiver is connected with longitudinal ultrasonic sensor by signal wire.
Adjustment assembly comprises sleeve and bolt, and sleeve is fixed on the base plate in stand frame, and described bolt is connected with the base plate of support, and the lower surface of bearing contacts with the tail end face of bolt.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, joint surface contact stiffness of the present invention and per unit contact area, than rapid measurement device, can obtain faying face lateral contact rigidity, longitudinal contact stiffness, the relative displacement of faying face, faying face per unit contact area ratio, the loss of faying face hysteretic damping; By parallel measurement faying face parameters, improve the accuracy of above-mentioned measurement parameter, reliability.Measurement mechanism of the present invention simultaneously, adopts symmetric support mode at structure stress design aspect, makes the stressed more even of faying face.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is joint surface contact stiffness of the present invention and the per unit contact area one-piece construction schematic diagram than rapid measurement device;
Fig. 2 is joint surface contact stiffness of the present invention and the per unit contact area structural drawing than charging assembly in rapid measurement device;
Fig. 3 is joint surface contact stiffness of the present invention and the per unit contact area structural drawing than supporting component in rapid measurement device.
In figure, 1. hydraulic loading device, 2. hydraulic cylinder, 3. support, 4. dynamometer, 5. elastic washer I, 6. horizontal ultrasonic transducer, 7. pressure head, 8. go up test specimen, 9. eddy current sensor, 10. plays test specimen, 11. bearings, 12. longitudinal ultrasonic wave sensors, 13. elastic washer II, 14. sleeves, 15. bolts.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Joint surface contact stiffness of the present invention and per unit contact area, than rapid measurement device, as shown in Figure 1, comprise the charger and measurement mechanism that are connected by signal wire; Charger comprises support 3, along support 3 plotted, charging assembly, upper test specimen 8, lower test specimen 10, supporting component and adjustment assembly is disposed with between from support 3 top board to support 3 base plate, charging assembly is fixed on support 3 top board, it applies plane and is pressed on the non-measured end face of test specimen 8, the measurement end face of upper test specimen 8 and the measurement end contact of lower test specimen 10, the non-measured end face of lower test specimen 10 is pressed on supporting component, supporting component bottom is positioned by adjustment assembly, and adjustment assembly is installed whole measurement, unloaded operation; The hydraulic control system that measurement mechanism is comprised main frame and is connected by signal wire with main frame, hydraulic control system is connected with charging assembly by signal wire.
As shown in Figure 2, charging assembly comprises the hydraulic loading device 1 being arranged on support 3 top board, hydraulic loading device 1 output terminal is connected with hydraulic cylinder 2, hydraulic cylinder 2 supply side is connected with dynamometer 4, dynamometer 4 is fixed on the upper surface of pressure head 7, pressure head 7 inner chamber is equipped with horizontal ultrasonic transducer 6, the support end of horizontal ultrasonic transducer 6 is fixed on the end face of pressure head 7 inner chamber by elastic washer I5, the effect end face of horizontal ultrasonic transducer 6 exceeds the loading surface level of pressure head 7 a little, when after applying loading force, due to the effect of elastic washer I5, the operative end surface of horizontal ultrasonic transducer 6 is in same level with the loaded planar of pressure head 7 and the piezoelectric chip in the operative end surface of horizontal ultrasonic transducer 6 is well contacted with upper test specimen 8, the loaded planar of pressure head 7 contacts with upper test specimen 8 non-measured face.
Main frame is connected by signal wire with lateral ultrasonic wave generator, and lateral ultrasonic wave generator is connected with horizontal sonac 6; Main frame is connected by signal wire with lateral ultrasonic wave receiver, and lateral ultrasonic wave receiver is connected with horizontal sonac 6.
Upper test specimen 8 both sides are respectively arranged with circular hole, and circular hole is built with eddy current sensor 9, and the side head erect of each eddy current sensor 9 aims at lower test specimen 10, and edge is parallel to vertical direction and is symmetrical in surrounding's layout of the cylindrical specimen post heart.
The measurement end face of upper test specimen 8 contacts with the measurement end face homalographic of lower test specimen 10.
As shown in Figure 3, supporting component comprises bearing 11, the supporting plane of bearing 11 and the non-measured end contact of lower test specimen 10, the inner chamber of bearing 11 is equipped with longitudinal ultrasonic wave sensor 12, the support end of longitudinal ultrasonic wave sensor 12 is fixed on the bottom surface of bearing 11 inner chamber by elastic washer II13, the effect end face of longitudinal ultrasonic wave sensor 12 exceeds the support level face of bearing 11 a little, when after applying loading force, due to the elastic compression effect of elastic washer II13, the operative end surface of longitudinal ultrasonic wave sensor 12 is in same level with the supporting plane of bearing 11 and the piezoelectric chip in the operative end surface of longitudinal ultrasonic wave sensor 12 is well contacted with lower test specimen 10.
Main frame is connected by control signal with longitudinal ultrasonic wave producer, and longitudinal ultrasonic wave producer is connected with longitudinal ultrasonic sensor 12; Main frame is connected by signal wire with longitudinal ultrasonic ripple receiver, and longitudinal ultrasonic ripple receiver is connected with longitudinal ultrasonic sensor 12.
Adjustment assembly comprises sleeve 14 and bolt 15, and sleeve 14 is fixed on the upper surface of support 3 frame inner bottom plating, and be enclosed within bearing 11 lower end right cylinder, bolt 15 coordinates with the base thread hole of support 3 simultaneously, and the lower surface of bearing 11 contacts with the tail end face of bolt 15.
The method adopting rapid measurement device of the present invention to measure joint surface contact stiffness and per unit contact area ratio is:
1) first main frame sends load signal to hydraulic control system, hydraulic control system starts hydraulic control charger 1 and carries out work, hydraulic loading device 1 drives hydraulic cylinder 2 to carry out feeding work, at this moment monitor loading force by dynamometer 4 and the data recorded are passed back main frame, stop loading when loading force arrives preset value, main frame transmits control signal to horizontal ultrasonic transducer 6 simultaneously, lateral ultrasonic wave generator produces lateral ultrasonic wave under control signal, the lateral ultrasonic wave that faying face is reflected back at upper test specimen 8 place by horizontal ultrasonic transducer 6 simultaneously passes to main frame via lateral ultrasonic wave receiver, to go forward side by side the signal transacting of line correlation, after lateral ultrasonic wave receiver receives data, main frame starts to transmit control signal to longitudinal ultrasonic wave producer, make longitudinal ultrasonic wave producer produce longitudinal ultrasonic ripple, and by longitudinal ultrasonic ripple receiver, the longitudinal ultrasonic ripple signal that faying face is reflected back is passed back main frame and carried out signal transacting, meanwhile, eddy current sensor 9 is just measured a change in displacement and data is passed to main frame.Loading force arrives preset value at every turn, just repeats the above course of work, until stop when loading force reaches preset maximum value;
2) loading force starts after reaching maximal value to carry out unloading operation, main frame sends unloader signal to hydraulic control system, hydraulic control system starts hydraulic control charger 1 and carries out work, hydraulic loading device 1 drives hydraulic cylinder 2 to carry out unloaded operation, at this moment monitor loading force by dynamometer 4 and the data recorded are passed back main frame, unloading is stopped when the power recorded reduces to preset value, main frame transmits control signal to horizontal ultrasonic transducer 6 simultaneously, lateral ultrasonic wave generator produces lateral ultrasonic wave under control signal, the lateral ultrasonic wave that faying face is reflected back at upper test specimen 8 place by horizontal ultrasonic transducer 6 simultaneously passes to main frame via lateral ultrasonic wave receiver, to go forward side by side the signal transacting of line correlation, after lateral ultrasonic wave receiver receives data, main frame starts to transmit control signal to longitudinal ultrasonic wave producer, make longitudinal ultrasonic wave producer produce longitudinal ultrasonic ripple, and by longitudinal ultrasonic ripple receiver, the longitudinal ultrasonic ripple signal that faying face is reflected back is passed back main frame and carried out signal transacting, meanwhile, eddy current sensor 9 is just measured a change in displacement and data is passed to main frame.Loading force reduces to preset value at every turn, just repeats the above course of work, until be unloaded to default minimum force, in order to ensure the stability of faying face, be unloaded to and finally should keep certain loading force.
3) once completely to add-after uninstall process terminates, repeat to add-unloading operation, until reach default and add-unload number of times; The data obtained are processed, obtains the hyperacoustic reflectivity in faying face place and relative displacement under each load value, finally obtain faying face and add at every turn-unload situation downforce-displacement curve and per unit contact area ratio.
Data processing method:
Before measurement, first obtain nominal contact area A and the contact sonde area A 1 of faying face; Before loading, under upper test specimen 8 contactless state, measure its ultrasonic reflections rate R with measuring the ultrasound wave used
inias a reference, R
inivalue be one, obtain the signal of reflection supersonic wave simultaneously, and carry out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), obtain reflected signal frequency distribution and in this, as reference information.After the reflected signal passed back ultrasonic receiver carries out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), obtain the frequency distribution of reflected signal, the close reflected signal of same reference frequency is chosen from this frequency distribution, obtain the signal of frequency close to reference frequency by filtering, this signal and reference signal are compared and just obtains finishing the hyperacoustic reflectivity R of He Mianchu.Due to hyperacoustic character, contact stiffness and hyperacoustic reflectivity of faying face have following relation:
Wherein, K is the contact stiffness of faying face; ω is hyperacoustic angular frequency; Z is the acoustic impedance of faying face material.
The calculating of contact stiffness: can obtain corresponding ultrasonic reflections rate by horizontal ultrasonic transducer 6 and longitudinal ultrasonic wave sensor 12, so by the reflectivity R of lateral ultrasonic wave
twith longitudinal ultrasonic wave reflection rate R
nthe lateral contact stiffness K of faying face can be calculated
twith longitudinal contact stiffness K
n.
Per unit contact area compares A
ecalculating: the piezoelectric chip useful area at ultrasonic sensor effect end place is A1, and the ultrasound wave distribution area that namely ultrasonic generator is launched is A1, and by can obtain longitudinal ultrasonic wave reflection rate R to the process of data
nwith the reflectivity R of lateral ultrasonic wave
t, so the per unit contact area of faying face compares A
ecomputing formula is as follows:
Compare A calculating per unit contact area
eafter, just approximate treatment can go out the real contact area of faying face, its computing formula is as follows:
A
R＝A
e×A (3)
The nominal contact pressure P of faying face can be drawn by following formula:
Wherein F is the loading force that dynamometer records, and A is nominal contact area.
Faying face relative displacement S accurately can be recorded by two eddy current sensors 9 of symmetric position.
The data gone out through above-mentioned measurements and calculations can draw the loading-unloading curve graph of a relation of faying face contact stress P and contact displacement S, can calculate from curve map the hysteretic damping loss that faying face adds at every turn-unload.Computing formula is as follows:
W
i＝∫∫QdSdP i＝1,2,3，……(6)
Wherein Q for add at every turn-hysteresis zone that unloads, i for adding-unload number of times, k is for loading variable coefficient, and k ' is unloading variable coefficient, W for add at every turn-the hysteretic damping loss value that unloads.
In sum, utilize measurement mechanism of the present invention, the contact stiffness of above-mentioned faying face can be obtained, the data of per unit contact area ratio and hysteretic damping loss and accuracy, reliability significantly improve.
Claims (9)
1. joint surface contact stiffness and per unit contact area are than rapid measurement device, it is characterized in that, comprise the charger and measurement mechanism that are connected by signal wire, described charger comprises support (3), along support (3) vertical direction, between support (3) base plate, charging assembly is disposed with from support (3) top board, upper test specimen (8), lower test specimen (10), supporting component and adjustment assembly, charging assembly is fixed on support (3) top board, it applies end face and is pressed on the non-measured end face of test specimen (8), the measurement end face of upper test specimen (8) and the measurement end contact of lower test specimen (10), the non-measured end face of lower test specimen (10) is pressed on supporting component, supporting component bottom is positioned by adjustment assembly, adjustment assembly is installed whole measuring process, unloaded operation, the hydraulic control system that described measurement mechanism is comprised main frame and is connected by signal wire with main frame, hydraulic control system is connected with charging assembly by signal wire.
2. joint surface contact stiffness according to claim 1 and per unit contact area compare rapid measurement device, it is characterized in that, described charging assembly comprises the hydraulic loading device (1) being arranged on support (3) top board, hydraulic loading device (1) output terminal is connected with hydraulic cylinder (2), hydraulic cylinder (2) supply side is connected with dynamometer (4), dynamometer (4) is fixed on the upper surface of pressure head (7), described pressure head (7) inner chamber is equipped with horizontal ultrasonic transducer (6), the loaded planar of pressure head (7) contacts with upper test specimen (8) non-measured face.
3. joint surface contact stiffness according to claim 2 and per unit contact area compare rapid measurement device, it is characterized in that, the support end of described horizontal ultrasonic transducer (6) is fixed on the end face of pressure head (7) inner chamber by elastic washer I (5).
4. the joint surface contact stiffness according to Claims 2 or 3 and per unit contact area compare rapid measurement device, it is characterized in that, described main frame is connected by signal wire with lateral ultrasonic wave generator, and lateral ultrasonic wave generator is connected with horizontal sonac (6) by signal wire; Described main frame is connected by signal wire with lateral ultrasonic wave receiver, and lateral ultrasonic wave receiver is connected with horizontal sonac (6) by signal wire.
5. joint surface contact stiffness according to claim 1 and per unit contact area compare rapid measurement device, it is characterized in that, described upper test specimen (8) both sides are respectively arranged with circular hole, described circular hole is built with eddy current sensor (9), and the side head erect of each eddy current sensor (9) aims at lower test specimen (10).
6. joint surface contact stiffness and per unit contact area, than rapid measurement device, is characterized in that according to claim 1 or 5, and the measurement end face of described upper test specimen (8) contacts with the measurement end face homalographic of lower test specimen (10).
7. joint surface contact stiffness according to claim 1 and per unit contact area compare rapid measurement device, it is characterized in that, described supporting component comprises bearing (11), the supporting plane of bearing (11) and the non-measured end contact of lower test specimen (10), the inner chamber of bearing (11) is equipped with longitudinal ultrasonic wave sensor (12), and the support end of longitudinal ultrasonic wave sensor (12) is fixed on the bottom surface of bearing (11) inner chamber by elastic washer II (13).
8. joint surface contact stiffness according to claim 7 and per unit contact area compare rapid measurement device, it is characterized in that, described main frame is connected by signal wire with longitudinal ultrasonic wave producer, and longitudinal ultrasonic wave producer is connected with longitudinal ultrasonic sensor (12) by signal wire; Described main frame is connected by signal wire with longitudinal ultrasonic ripple receiver, and longitudinal ultrasonic ripple receiver is connected with longitudinal ultrasonic sensor (12) by signal wire.
9. joint surface contact stiffness according to claim 1 and per unit contact area compare rapid measurement device, it is characterized in that, described adjustment assembly comprises sleeve (14) and bolt (15), described sleeve (14) is fixed on the upper surface of support (3) frame inner bottom plating, be enclosed within outside the right cylinder of bearing (11) lower end simultaneously, described bolt (15) coordinates with the base thread hole of support (3), and the lower surface of bearing (11) contacts with the tail end face of bolt (15).
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| CN201510041008.7A CN104568739A (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Rapid measurement device for contact rigidity and unit contact area ratio of combined surface |
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| CN201510041008.7A CN104568739A (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Rapid measurement device for contact rigidity and unit contact area ratio of combined surface |
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| CN105277149A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-01-27 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Measuring device and measuring method for actual contact area of joint surface |
| CN109931891A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-06-25 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of real contact area measuring instrument based on total reflection method |
| CN113405752A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-09-17 | 大连理工大学 | Ultrasonic detection method for interface rigidity based on microwave network analysis |
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| CN105277149A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-01-27 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Measuring device and measuring method for actual contact area of joint surface |
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Application publication date: 20150429 |