CN104568719B - A kind of appraisal procedure of grounding net of transformer substation - Google Patents
A kind of appraisal procedure of grounding net of transformer substation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104568719B CN104568719B CN201510012452.6A CN201510012452A CN104568719B CN 104568719 B CN104568719 B CN 104568719B CN 201510012452 A CN201510012452 A CN 201510012452A CN 104568719 B CN104568719 B CN 104568719B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of appraisal procedure of grounding net of transformer substation, including step：(1) Faraday's law is applied, the thinning speed of thickness of grounded screen metal is derived；(2) when determining not considering corrosion, ground wire minimum sectional area Sg；(3) when determining to consider the influence of corrosion factor, ground wire minimum sectional area Sg2；(4) the assessment time limit of grounded screen is determined.This method calculating process is clear, and accuracy rate is high, for the safe operation of power system grounded screen provides theoretic powerful support.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to grounding net of transformer substation technical field, especially a kind of appraisal procedure of grounding net of transformer substation.
Background technology
Grounding technology is related to the numerical analysis of earthed system electric parameter and optimization design, soil exchangeable base cation analysis, soil high
The regional resistance reduction technology of earth resistivity, earth resistance scientific measurement, the corrosion diagnosis technology of grounded screen and earthing or grounding means impact are special
The various problems such as property.Substantial amounts of document shows that the main results of grounded screen concentrate on three aspects.One is earthed system
The test of parameter and analysis and optimization design, will not only consider impedance ground, it should also be taken into account that its step voltage, contact voltage and
The online Potential distribution in ground, is secondly also contemplated that the parameters such as electrical integrity, thermal capacity, corrosion resistance of earth mat, typically
Also need to measure the hierarchical mode that soil resistivity sets up soil, more accurate measurement analysis result is obtained by numerical analysis
With instruct optimization design.Two is situation and its assessment of grounded screen, and grounded screen is judged according to grounded screen test and analysis result
Security, the thermal capacity mainly including earth resistance, contact voltage, step voltage and down conductor and grounded screen is isoparametric
Tolerance value, with reference to standard both domestic and external, the assessment of security is carried out to earthed system.Three is that grounded screen fault is monitored and diagnosed,
Connective and diagnosis grounded screen the corrosion condition of earthed system is measured by down conductor, corresponding rectification is proposed and is safeguarded
Measure, is that the safe operation of grounded screen provides safeguard.
Effective ground net corrosion detection and method for diagnosing faults and grounded screen measurability problem are studied, for just
The operation conditions of grounded screen is really grasped, the feasibility and applicability of various Fault Diagnosis for Grounding Grids algorithms is evaluated, finds to connect in time
Earth mat hidden danger simultaneously takes the corresponding measure to have important directive significance, is more beneficial for ensureing the people's lives and property and safety.
There is the defect much with earthing or grounding means relevant in the electrical hazard of power system.To find out its cause, grounded screen is electric power
The buried hidden facility in underground of system, live exposed technical problem underlying is inclined ground net corrosion, down conductor section
The small bad connection and grounding body between, these problems have all buried hidden danger to the failure of electric power.Ground net corrosion is a gradual change
Process, corrosion enters malfunction to a certain extent, reliability reduction even performance failure, it is impossible to meet power system peace
The requirement of row for the national games.Due to resource, economic dispatch reason, the material used by grounded screen is mainly ordinary carbon steel for China, and grounded screen is rotten
Erosion typically exhibits local corrosion form, after corroding grounded screen carbon steel material become fragile, it is aliquation, loose, thinning, or even occur to break
Split, so electric power grounding grid seriously corroded is current China's electric power grounding grid distinct issues the most.
By the sequence of extent of corrosion, most serious be counterpoise grounding in cable duct corrosion, next to that the corruption of down conductor
Erosion, is finally the corrosion of main grounding grid, and etching time is usually the 5-20 after putting into operation, and serious 3 years after putting into operation are corroded.
With soil resistivity, soil electrochemistry characteristic, the distribution of microorganism, stray electrical current, weather conditions, the material for using, construction work
The difference of the factors such as skill and anti-corrosion measure, maximum year corrosion rate is also variant.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of appraisal procedure of grounding net of transformer substation.
The present invention solves its technical problem and takes following technical scheme to realize：
A kind of appraisal procedure of grounding net of transformer substation, it is as follows that the method comprising the steps of：
(1) Faraday's law is applied, the thinning speed of thickness of grounded screen metal is derived；
Ground connection net materials corrosion process in soil is applied to Faraday's law：△ m=MQ/zF, in formula, △ m are dissolvings
Metal quality；M is its atomic weight；Q is the electric charge of transfer；Z is the chemical valence of metal ion；F is Faraday constant, by
Density psFollowing formula can be derived：
JA=Q/St=△ m/St × zF/M- △ s/t × zF ρs/M
In formula, JAIt is the current density of the anode point reaction of metal ion passage：S is the surface area of electrode：T is the time；
△ s are the thickness being stripped；
W-faJA=△ s/t
fa=M/zF ρs=3.2684/z (M/gmol-1)(g·cm-3/ρs)mm·a-1/mA·cm-2
V=fbJA=△ m/St
fb=M/zF=0.32311/z (M/gmol-1)g·cm-2·h-1/mA·cm-2
In formula, W is the thinning speed of thickness, and v is the mass loss rate of per surface area；
W=fcv (I)
fc=fa/fb=1/ ρs=8.76 ((gcm-3/ρs)mm·a-1/g·cm-2·h-1)
Wherein, fa、fb、fcIt is ground connection net materials conversion coefficient；
By above-mentioned formula (I) and fa、fb、fcConversion coefficient can draw the thinning speed of thickness of grounded screen metal；
(2) when determining not considering corrosion, ground wire minimum sectional area Sg1；
According to thermal stable condition, when not considering corrosion, ground wire minimum sectional area Sg1Unit is：mm2,
Sg1=Ig/cte -2 (II)
Wherein, Ig is the short circuit current stationary value for flowing through ground wire, the thermally-stabilised system that c is ground connection wire material in formula
Number, teIt is the equivalent duration of short circuit；Ig, c, teConcrete regulation be：
1. Ig is the short circuit current stationary value for flowing through ground wire, unit：A, for effectively earthed system and low resistance earthing
System, it is considered to individual event or two earth short circuit currents；For earth-free, grounding through arc and high resistance grounding system, then examine
Consider two earth short circuit currents of dissimilarity, Ig is determined that Ig is by change according to system 5-10 development plans by system maximum operational mode
Power station busbar short-circuit current maxima 75% is calculated；
2. c is the thermal stability factor for being grounded wire material, before the species, performance and maximum permissible temperature and short circuit according to material
The initial temperature of ground wire determines that steel takes 70, and copper takes 210, and aluminium takes 120；
③teIt is the equivalent duration of short circuit, unit：The system of s, 500kV takes 0.35s, and 200kV systems take 0.6-
0.7s, 110kV and following voltage class system failure duration are chosen according to actual conditions, it is contemplated that relay protection scheme connects
Closely, 220kV system identical level values 0.6-0.7s is taken；
(3) when determining to consider the influence of corrosion factor, ground wire minimum sectional area Sg2；
Sg2=(A-2 × w × n) (B-2 × w × n) (III)
Wherein, when grounded screen is round steel type, in formula, A represents grounded screen width, and B represents ground connection thickness of net, and n represents fortune
The row time limit, w represents the ground connection thinning speed of net materials, unit：mm/a；
(4) the assessment time limit of grounded screen is determined, specific method is：
1. for the grounded screen for having used, by the implementation specification of actual grounded screen, with Sg2Numeric ratio compared with taking implementation
Gauge number, with calculating SgBe worth closest to when n values, draw the assessment service life of actual grounded screen；
2. for not considering during corrosion, the ground wire minimum sectional area S for calculatingg, by comparing Sg1With according to not the same year
The S that number is calculatedg2Value, draw the Sg1The in-service life-span of design load.
And, for f in the step (1)a、fb、fcConversion coefficient, common ground connection net materials conversion coefficient such as following table：
Advantages and positive effects of the present invention are：
Average corrosion rate (g/dm by measuring different materials of the invention2A), it is close by measuring anode reaction electric current
Degree JA, and then know the thickness of metal-stripping material, by measuring different materials mass loss △ m, and then know the electricity of transfer
Lotus.And then know the thickness of metal-stripping material, calculate the ground connection thinning speed w (mm/a) of net materials, it is considered to ground net corrosion because
The influence of element, draws the material specification of grounded screen science, derives the service life of grounded screen.This method calculating process is clear,
Accuracy rate is high, for the safe operation of power system grounded screen provides theoretic powerful support.
Specific embodiment
Present invention implementation is further described below, following examples are descriptive, are not limited, it is impossible to
Protection scope of the present invention is limited with this.
The step of a kind of appraisal procedure of grounding net of transformer substation, the method, is as follows：
(1) Faraday's law is applied, the thinning speed of thickness of grounded screen metal is derived；
Ground connection net materials corrosion process in soil is applied to Faraday's law：△ m=MQ/zF, in formula, △ m are dissolvings
Metal quality；M is its atomic weight；Q is the electric charge of transfer；Z is the chemical valence of metal ion；F is Faraday constant, by
Density psFollowing formula can be derived：
JA=Q/St=△ m/St × zF/M- △ s/t × zF ρs/M
In formula, JAIt is the current density of the anode point reaction of metal ion passage：S is the surface area of electrode：T is the time；
△ s are the thickness being stripped；
W-faJA=△ s/t
fa=M/zF ρs=3.2684/z (M/gmol-1)(g·cm-3/ρs)mm·a-1/mA·cm-2
V=fbJA=△ m/St
fb=M/zF=0.32311/z (M/gmol-1)g·cm-2·h-1/mA·cm-2
In formula, W is the thinning speed of thickness, and v is the mass loss rate of per surface area；
W=fcv (I)
fc=fa/fb=1/ ρs=8.76 ((gcm-3/ρs)mm·a-1/g·cm-2·h-1)
Common ground connection net materials conversion coefficient and normal potential such as table 1
The conversion coefficient of the metal-metal ion electrochemical of table 1 reaction
The thinning speed of thickness of grounded screen metal can be drawn by the conversion coefficient in above-mentioned formula (I) and table 1；
(2) when determining not considering corrosion, ground wire minimum sectional area Sg1；
According to DL/T 621-1996 to the heat-stable calibration regulation of substation grounding device, according to thermal stable condition, do not examine
When considering corrosion, ground wire minimum sectional area Sg1Unit：mm2：
Sg1=Ig/cte -2 (II)
Wherein, for parameter Ig, c, t in formulae -2, provide as follows：
1. Ig is the short circuit current stationary value (unit for flowing through ground wire：A), for effectively earthed system and low resistance earthing
System, it is considered to individual event or two earth short circuit currents；For earth-free, grounding through arc and high resistance grounding system, then examine
Consider two earth short circuit currents of dissimilarity, Ig should be determined that Ig is pressed according to system 5-10 development plans by system maximum operational mode
Substation bus bar short circuit current maximum 75% is calculated；
2. c is the thermal stability factor for being grounded wire material, before the species, performance and maximum permissible temperature and short circuit according to material
The initial temperature of ground wire determines that usually, steel takes 70, and copper takes 210, and aluminium takes 120；
③teIt is the equivalent duration (unit of short circuit：S), usually, the system of 500kV takes 0.35s, 200kV systems
0.6-0.7s is taken, 110kV and following voltage class system failure duration are chosen according to actual conditions, it is contemplated that relay protection
Configuration is close, can use 220kV system identicals level (0.6-0.7s)；
(3) when determining to consider the influence of corrosion factor, ground wire minimum sectional area Sg2；
Sg2=(A-2 × w × n) (B-2 × w × n) (III)
When grounded screen is round steel type, in formula, A represents grounded screen width, and B represents ground connection thickness of net, and n represents the operation time limit
(unit：Year), w represents the ground connection thinning speed of net materials (mm/a)；
(4) for the grounded screen for having used, by the implementation specification of actual grounded screen, with Sg2Numeric ratio compared with taking reality
Gauge number is applied, with calculating SgBe worth closest to when n values, draw the assessment service life of actual grounded screen；For not considering corruption
During erosion, the ground wire minimum sectional area S for calculatingg, by comparing Sg1With the S calculated according to different yearsg2Value, draw this
Sg1The in-service life-span of design load.
Example
Selection coastal area Q235 steel,
W=fcV,
By calculating w=0.877 (mm/a)；
Sg1=Ig/cte -2, the short circuit current stationary value Ig of earth lead is flowed through by accounting 220kV transformer stations place bus
Short circuit current maximum 75% is calculated, i.e. Ig takes 46.319 × 0.75=34.74kA, and c takes 70.te=0.2s.
Sg1=Ig/cte -2=34.74 × 103/70·0.2-2=221.94mm2
N is selected 1 year.
Sg2=(A-2 × w × n) (B-2 × w × n)=(6-2 × 0.877 × 1) (60-2 × 0.877 × 1)
=247.31mm2
By Sg1And Sg2Comparative analysis, draw this area's grounded screen in-service life-span be 1 year.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of appraisal procedure of grounding net of transformer substation, it is characterised in that it is as follows that the method comprising the steps of：
(1) Faraday's law is applied, the thinning speed of thickness of grounded screen metal is derived；
Ground connection net materials corrosion process in soil is applied to Faraday's law：△ m=MQ/zF, in formula, △ m are lysed
Metal quality；M is its atomic weight；Q is the electric charge of transfer；Z is the chemical valence of metal ion；F is Faraday constant, by density
ρsFollowing formula can be derived：
JA=Q/St=△ m/St × zF/M- △ s/t × zF ρs/M
In formula, JAIt is the current density of the anode point reaction of metal ion passage：S is the surface area of electrode：T is the time；△ s are
The thickness being stripped；
W-faJA=△ s/t
fa=M/zF ρs=3.2684/z (M/gmol-1)(g·cm-3/ρs)mm·a-1/mA·cm-2
V=fbJA=△ m/St
fb=M/zF=0.32311/z (M/gmol-1)g·cm-2·h-1/mA·cm-2
In formula, W is the thinning speed of thickness, and v is the mass loss rate of per surface area；
W=fcv (I)
fc=fa/fb=1/ ρs=8.76 ((gcm-3/ρs)mm·a-1/g·cm-2·h-1)
Wherein, fa、fb、fcIt is ground connection net materials conversion coefficient；
By above-mentioned formula (I) and fa、fb、fcConversion coefficient can draw the thinning speed of thickness of grounded screen metal；
(2) when determining not considering corrosion, ground wire minimum sectional area Sg1；
According to thermal stable condition, when not considering corrosion, ground wire minimum sectional area Sg1Unit is：mm2,
Sg1=Ig/cte -2 (II)
Wherein, Ig is short circuit current stationary value, the thermal stability factor that c is ground connection wire material, t for flowing through ground wire in formulaeFor
The equivalent duration of short circuit；Ig, c, teConcrete regulation be：
1. Ig is the short circuit current stationary value for flowing through ground wire, unit：A, for effectively earthed system and low resistance earthing system,
Consider individual event or two earth short circuit currents；For earth-free, grounding through arc and high resistance grounding system, then dissimilarity is considered
Two earth short circuit currents, Ig is determined that Ig is female by transformer station according to system 5-10 development plans by system maximum operational mode
Line short circuit current maximum 75% is calculated；
2. c is the thermal stability factor for being grounded wire material, is grounded before the species, performance and maximum permissible temperature and short circuit according to material
The initial temperature of line determines that steel takes 70, and copper takes 210, and aluminium takes 120；
③teIt is the equivalent duration of short circuit, unit：The system of s, 500kV takes 0.35s, and 200kV systems take 0.6-0.7s,
110kV and following voltage class system failure duration are chosen according to actual conditions, it is contemplated that relay protection scheme is approached, and is taken
220kV system identical level values 0.6-0.7s；
(3) when determining to consider the influence of corrosion factor, ground wire minimum sectional area Sg2；
Sg2=(A-2 × w × n) (B-2 × w × n) (III)
Wherein, when grounded screen is round steel type, in formula, A represents grounded screen width, and B represents ground connection thickness of net, and n represents operation year
Limit, w represents the ground connection thinning speed of net materials, unit：mm/a；
(4) the assessment time limit of grounded screen is determined, specific method is：
1. for the grounded screen for having used, by the implementation specification of actual grounded screen, with Sg2Numeric ratio compared with taking implementation specification
Numerical value, with calculating SgBe worth closest to when n values, draw the assessment service life of actual grounded screen；
2. for not considering during corrosion, the ground wire minimum sectional area S for calculatingg, by comparing Sg1With according to different year meters
The S of calculationg2Value, draw the Sg1The in-service life-span of design load.
2. the appraisal procedure of grounding net of transformer substation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (1) for
fa、fb、fcConversion coefficient, common ground connection net materials conversion coefficient such as following table：
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105069202B (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2018-06-12 | 国网天津市电力公司 | A kind of Intelligent laying design method of grounding net of transformer substation |
| CN105675475B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2018-10-30 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of ground net corrosion speed grade prediction technique |
| CN105894096B (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2019-06-07 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of grounding net of transformer substation state evaluating method based on cloud model |
| CN109580463B (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2021-08-20 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for measuring corrosion degree of grounding grid |
| CN110954471B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2022-02-22 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Electrochemical corrosion off-line detection and evaluation method for water-blocking buffer layer of high-voltage power cable |
| CN111048919A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 嘉兴恒创电力设计研究院有限公司 | Energy station grounding grid in high-soil-resistivity area and resistance reduction optimization method thereof |
| CN111257794B (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2022-04-12 | 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 | Transformer substation grounding device thermal stability checking method based on conduction test |
| CN111562452B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2022-08-30 | 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 | Thermal stability checking system for grounding device of transformer substation |
| CN113486290B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2023-05-23 | 国网福建省电力有限公司泉州供电公司 | Security check calculation method for active low-voltage distribution network grounding device |
| CN114166733B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-07-08 | 西南交通大学 | Grounding device characteristic evaluation method based on influence of high-corrosivity resistance reducing agent |
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