CN104568057B - A kind of echo-signal adjusting method and device suitable for guided wave radar - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种适于导波雷达的回波信号调节方法及装置，其中，所述方法采集回波幅度信号，并判断所述回波幅度信号的幅度是否处于预设范围，以此来调节数模转换器和数字电位器的输出，从而使回波信号保持在一个合理范围；另外，装置主要包括信号放大器、基准电压源、数模转换器、数字电位器及控制模块，用于采集经信号放大器放大输出的回波幅度信号，并判断回波幅度信号的幅度是否处于预设范围：以此来调节数模转换器和数字电位器的输出，从而使回波信号保持在一个合理范围，并根据回波幅度信号计算得到物位距离并予以输出。本发明使获取的回波信号始终保持在一个便于采集和处理的幅度狭小范围上，让导波雷达能够适应各种不同的工况环境。
The present invention provides an echo signal adjustment method and device suitable for guided wave radar, wherein the method collects the echo amplitude signal, and judges whether the amplitude of the echo amplitude signal is within a preset range, so as to adjust The output of the digital-to-analog converter and the digital potentiometer, so that the echo signal can be kept in a reasonable range; in addition, the device mainly includes a signal amplifier, a reference voltage source, a digital-to-analog converter, a digital potentiometer and a control module for collecting The signal amplifier amplifies the output echo amplitude signal, and judges whether the amplitude of the echo amplitude signal is in the preset range: in order to adjust the output of the digital-to-analog converter and the digital potentiometer, so that the echo signal remains within a reasonable range, And calculate the level distance according to the echo amplitude signal and output it. The invention keeps the acquired echo signal in a narrow amplitude range that is convenient for collection and processing, so that the guided wave radar can adapt to various working conditions and environments.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及工业自动化领域，主要涉及的是用于测量罐体内料位高度的导波雷达物位计，更加具体地来讲，尤其是涉及一种适于导波雷达的回波信号调节方法及装置。The invention relates to the field of industrial automation, and mainly relates to a guided wave radar level gauge for measuring the height of a material level in a tank, and more specifically, relates to an echo signal adjustment method suitable for a guided wave radar and device.
背景技术Background technique
导波雷达物位计是用于测量物料高度的仪器，通常将其安装在需要测量物料高度的罐体的顶端，导波雷达物位计通过导波杆将电磁波脉冲发射出去，当电磁波遇到被测物质后，部分能量则被反射回来，通过计算电磁波发射脉冲和返回脉冲的时间差即可得到物料到物位计基准面的距离，再根据罐体高度等相关参数即可计算出物料的高度。The guided wave radar level gauge is an instrument used to measure the height of the material. It is usually installed on the top of the tank that needs to measure the height of the material. The guided wave radar level gauge emits electromagnetic wave pulses through the probe rod. When the electromagnetic wave encounters After the substance is measured, part of the energy is reflected back. By calculating the time difference between the electromagnetic wave emission pulse and the return pulse, the distance from the material to the reference plane of the level gauge can be obtained, and then the height of the material can be calculated according to the tank height and other related parameters. .
由于被测物质介电常数不同，距离不同，回波信号的幅度变化范围通常达到几十个dB。在测量介电常数较小、距离较远的物位时，回波信号极小；在测量介电常数较大、距离较近时，回波信号又极大。目前工程应用中的导波雷达物位计，由于受系统功耗限制，通常采用几组不同增益的放大电路，处理器根据采集到的回波信号的大小，动态的在几组放大电路间切换。当回波信号较大时调节到较小的放大倍数，回波信号叫小时调节到较大的放大倍数，使得回波信号的幅度处于一个便于后级电路检测的范围之内，不至于过大或过小。过大会超出幅度检测的量程，过小会无法检测到回波信号。Due to the different dielectric constants and distances of the measured substances, the amplitude variation range of the echo signal usually reaches tens of dB. When measuring the material level with a small dielectric constant and a long distance, the echo signal is extremely small; when measuring a high dielectric constant and a short distance, the echo signal is extremely large. Due to the limitation of system power consumption, guided wave radar level gauges in engineering applications usually use several sets of amplifier circuits with different gains. The processor dynamically switches among several sets of amplifier circuits according to the size of the collected echo signal. . When the echo signal is large, adjust to a smaller magnification, and when the echo signal is small, adjust to a larger magnification, so that the amplitude of the echo signal is within a range that is convenient for the detection of the subsequent circuit, and will not be too large or too small. If it is too large, it will exceed the range of amplitude detection, if it is too small, it will not be able to detect the echo signal.
但是在实际应用中，由于被测物质介电常数通常包括在1.5到80之间，测量距离包括在1米到70米之间，再考虑到有些测量工况是在金属罐内，回波反射相对大，有些测量是在开放的空间环境，回波反射相对小，回波的动态变化范围非常大。综合以上因素，测量电路在测量过程中，会根据当前工况参数预设放大倍数，但单一放大倍数难以满足全量程范围的测量，测量过程中需要切换不同增益的放大电路，在由一级放大电路切换为另一级放大电路时，会造成信号幅度较大的跳变，微处理器需要对其进行大量的分析和确认以确保采集到的回波信号有效可靠。However, in practical applications, since the dielectric constant of the measured substance is usually between 1.5 and 80, the measurement distance is between 1 meter and 70 meters, and considering that some measurement conditions are in metal tanks, the echo reflection Relatively large, some measurements are in an open space environment, the echo reflection is relatively small, and the dynamic range of the echo is very large. Based on the above factors, the measurement circuit will preset the amplification factor according to the current working condition parameters during the measurement process, but a single amplification factor is difficult to meet the measurement of the full range, and it is necessary to switch the amplification circuit with different gains during the measurement process. When the circuit is switched to another stage of amplifying circuit, it will cause a large jump in the signal amplitude, and the microprocessor needs to perform a large number of analysis and confirmation to ensure that the collected echo signal is effective and reliable.
综合以上因素，采用多组放大电路的方法并不能完全满足实际应用的需要。Based on the above factors, the method of using multiple sets of amplifier circuits cannot fully meet the needs of practical applications.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种适于导波雷达的回波信号调节方法及装置，用于解决现有技术中采用多组放大电路的方法并不能完全满足实际应用的需要的问题。In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for adjusting echo signals suitable for guided wave radar, which is used to solve the problem that the method of using multiple sets of amplifying circuits in the prior art cannot fully meet the requirements. problems of practical application.
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object and other related objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
其一one of
一种适于导波雷达的回波信号调节方法，包括：采集回波幅度信号；判断所述回波幅度信号的幅度是否处于预设范围：若否，则调节数模转换器以直至平台电压幅度处于预设范围，并进而调节数字电位器以直至使所述回波幅度信号处于预设范围，并予以输出；若是，则接收所述回波幅度信号并依据所述回波幅度信号计算得到物位距离值，并予以输出。An echo signal adjustment method suitable for guided wave radar, comprising: collecting an echo amplitude signal; judging whether the amplitude of the echo amplitude signal is within a preset range: if not, adjusting the digital-to-analog converter until the platform voltage The amplitude is in the preset range, and then adjust the digital potentiometer until the echo amplitude signal is in the preset range, and output it; if so, receive the echo amplitude signal and calculate it according to the echo amplitude signal Level distance value and output it.
其二second
一种适于导波雷达的回波信号调节装置，包括：信号放大器，用于接收回波幅度信号并对其进行放大后予以输出；基准电压源，用于产生一基准电压并予以输出；数模转换器，连接于所述基准电压源和放大器，用于根据所述基准电压产生一个可调的基准电压，并予以输出；数字电位器，连接所述放大器，用于调节输出可变电阻值；控制模块，分别连接于所述信号放大器、数模转换器及数字电位器，用于采集经所述信号放大器放大输出的回波幅度信号，并判断所述回波幅度信号的幅度是否处于预设范围：若否，则调节数模转换器所输出的基准电压幅度至预设范围，并进而调节数字电位器所输出的可变电阻值以直至所述回波幅度信号处于预设范围；若是，则根据所述回波幅度信号计算得到物位距离并予以输出。An echo signal adjustment device suitable for guided wave radar, comprising: a signal amplifier, used to receive an echo amplitude signal and amplify it to output it; a reference voltage source, used to generate a reference voltage and output it; Analog-to-analog converter, connected to the reference voltage source and amplifier, used to generate an adjustable reference voltage according to the reference voltage, and output it; digital potentiometer, connected to the amplifier, used to adjust the output variable resistance value; the control module is connected to the signal amplifier, the digital-to-analog converter and the digital potentiometer respectively, and is used for collecting the echo amplitude signal amplified and outputted by the signal amplifier, and judging whether the amplitude of the echo amplitude signal is in Preset range: if not, adjust the reference voltage amplitude output by the digital-to-analog converter to the preset range, and then adjust the variable resistance value output by the digital potentiometer until the echo amplitude signal is within the preset range ; If yes, calculate and output the material level distance according to the echo amplitude signal.
在上述第二种方案中，微处理器采集回波信号，根据回波信号幅度大小，改变数字电位器电阻值，进而改变放大电路放大倍数，使回波信号被放大到一个便于检测的幅度范围，不会因太大而超出测量量程，也不会因为太小而难于检测，而是始终保持在一个便于微处理器采集和处理的幅度狭小上。In the above-mentioned second scheme, the microprocessor collects the echo signal, changes the resistance value of the digital potentiometer according to the amplitude of the echo signal, and then changes the amplification factor of the amplification circuit, so that the echo signal is amplified to an amplitude range that is convenient for detection , it will not exceed the measurement range because it is too large, and it will not be difficult to detect because it is too small, but it will always be kept at a narrow range that is convenient for microprocessor acquisition and processing.
如上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明通过对回波信号进行分析，然后在对数字电位器和数模转换器进行调节，输出连续可调的基准电压和电阻值，从而改变信号放大器的放大倍数，从而使所获取的回波信号始终保持在一个便于采集和处理的幅度狭小范围上，以适应各种不同的工况环境。As mentioned above, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention analyzes the echo signal, then adjusts the digital potentiometer and the digital-to-analog converter, and outputs a continuously adjustable reference voltage and resistance value, thereby changing the signal amplifier magnification, so that the acquired echo signal is always kept in a narrow range that is convenient for collection and processing, so as to adapt to various working conditions.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1显示为本发明适于导波雷达的回波信号调节方法的流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the echo signal adjustment method suitable for guided wave radar according to the present invention.
图2显示为调节数模转换器以直至平台电压幅度处于预设范围的方法流程图。FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for adjusting a digital-to-analog converter until the platform voltage amplitude is within a preset range.
图3显示为调节数字电位器以直至使所述回波幅度信号处于预设范围的方法流程图。FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting the digital potentiometer until the echo amplitude signal is within a preset range.
图4显示为本发明一种适于导波雷达的回波信号调节装置的原理图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an echo signal conditioning device suitable for guided wave radar according to the present invention.
附图标号说明Explanation of reference numbers
S10-S2022 方法步骤S10-S2022 Method steps
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。The implementation of the present invention will be illustrated by specific specific examples below, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.
实施例一Embodiment one
见图1，示出了本发明提供的一种适于导波雷达的回波信号调节方法的流程图，如图所示，所述适于导波雷达的回波信号调节方法，包括以下步骤：See Fig. 1, it shows a flow chart of the echo signal adjustment method suitable for guided wave radar provided by the present invention, as shown in the figure, the echo signal adjustment method suitable for guided wave radar includes the following steps :
步骤S10，采集回波幅度信号；Step S10, collecting the echo amplitude signal;
步骤S20，判断所述回波幅度信号的幅度是否处于预设范围：Step S20, judging whether the amplitude of the echo amplitude signal is within a preset range:
步骤S201，若否，则调节数模转换器以直至平台电压幅度处于预设范围，并进而调节数字电位器以直至使所述回波幅度信号处于预设范围，并予以输出；Step S201, if not, adjust the digital-to-analog converter until the platform voltage amplitude is within a preset range, and then adjust the digital potentiometer until the echo amplitude signal is within a preset range, and output it;
步骤S202，若是，则接收所述回波幅度信号并依据所述回波幅度信号计算得到物位距离值，并予以输出。Step S202, if yes, receive the echo amplitude signal and calculate the material level distance value according to the echo amplitude signal, and output it.
上述回波信号调节方法根据回波信号幅度大小，改变数字电位器电阻值，进而改变放大电路放大倍数，使回波信号被放大到一个便于检测的幅度范围，不会因太大而超出测量量程，也不会因为太小而难于检测，而是始终保持在一个便于采集和处理的幅度狭小上。The above echo signal adjustment method changes the resistance value of the digital potentiometer according to the amplitude of the echo signal, and then changes the amplification factor of the amplification circuit, so that the echo signal is amplified to an amplitude range that is easy to detect, and will not exceed the measurement range due to too large , and will not be difficult to detect because it is too small, but always maintain a narrow range that is convenient for collection and processing.
进一步地，见图2，为调节数模转换器以直至平台电压幅度处于预设范围的方法流程图，如图所示，在所述步骤S201中，所述调节数模转换器以直至平台电压幅度处于预设范围的具体方法步骤包括：Further, see FIG. 2 , which is a flowchart of a method for adjusting the digital-to-analog converter until the platform voltage amplitude is within a preset range. As shown in the figure, in the step S201, the digital-to-analog converter is adjusted until the platform voltage The specific method steps that the amplitude is within the preset range include:
步骤S201a，采集回波平台信号；Step S201a, collecting echo platform signals;
步骤S201b，判断所述回波平台信号的平台电压幅度是否处于预设的合理范围：若否，则通过控制模块调节数模转换器以调节所输出的基准电压值至合理范围，并返回步骤S201a；若是，则进入调节数字电位器步骤。Step S201b, judging whether the platform voltage amplitude of the echo platform signal is within a preset reasonable range: if not, adjust the digital-to-analog converter through the control module to adjust the output reference voltage value to a reasonable range, and return to step S201a ; If yes, enter the step of adjusting the digital potentiometer.
进一步地，见图3，为调节数字电位器以直至使所述回波幅度信号处于预设范围的方法流程图，在所述步骤S201中，所述调节数字电位器以直至使所述回波幅度信号处于预设范围的具体方法步骤包括：Further, see FIG. 3 , which is a flowchart of a method for adjusting the digital potentiometer until the echo amplitude signal is within a preset range. In the step S201, the digital potentiometer is adjusted until the echo amplitude signal is within a preset range. The specific method steps for the amplitude signal to be within the preset range include:
步骤S202a，采集回波幅度信号；Step S202a, collecting the echo amplitude signal;
步骤S201b，判断所述回波幅度信号的信号幅度是否处于预设的合理范围：若否，则通过控制模块调节数字电位器以调整所述回波幅度信号至预设范围，并返回步骤S202a；若是，则进入控制模块计算料位步骤。Step S201b, judging whether the signal amplitude of the echo amplitude signal is within a preset reasonable range: if not, adjust the digital potentiometer through the control module to adjust the echo amplitude signal to a preset range, and return to step S202a; If yes, enter the step of calculating the material level by the control module.
实施例二Embodiment two
进一步地，见图4，本发明还提供了一种适于导波雷达的回波信号调节装置，包括：信号放大器，用于接收回波幅度信号并对其进行放大后予以输出；基准电压源，用于产生一基准电压并予以输出；数模转换器，连接于所述基准电压源和放大器，用于根据所述基准电压产生一个可调的基准电压，并予以输出；数字电位器，连接所述放大器，用于调节输出可变电阻值；控制模块，分别连接于所述信号放大器、数模转换器及数字电位器，用于采集经所述信号放大器放大输出的回波幅度信号，并判断所述回波幅度信号的幅度是否处于预设范围：若否，则调节数模转换器所输出的基准电压幅度至预设范围，并进而调节数字电位器所输出的可变电阻值以直至所述回波幅度信号处于预设范围；若是，则根据所述回波幅度信号计算得到物位距离并予以输出。Further, as shown in Fig. 4, the present invention also provides an echo signal adjustment device suitable for guided wave radar, including: a signal amplifier for receiving the echo amplitude signal and amplifying it for output; a reference voltage source , used to generate a reference voltage and output it; a digital-to-analog converter, connected to the reference voltage source and amplifier, used to generate an adjustable reference voltage according to the reference voltage, and output it; a digital potentiometer connected to The amplifier is used to adjust the output variable resistance value; the control module is respectively connected to the signal amplifier, the digital-to-analog converter and the digital potentiometer, and is used to collect the echo amplitude signal amplified and output by the signal amplifier, And judge whether the amplitude of the echo amplitude signal is within the preset range: if not, adjust the reference voltage amplitude output by the digital-to-analog converter to the preset range, and then adjust the variable resistance value output by the digital potentiometer until the echo amplitude signal is within a preset range; if so, calculate and output the material level distance according to the echo amplitude signal.
具体地，所述信号放大器选用低输入偏置电流、失调电流和温度漂移的轨对轨运算放大器建立放大电路；所述基准电压源选用温漂低至15ppm的基准电压源给数模转换器提供基准电压；所述数模转换器选用一个16位的数模转换器按预设参数输出基准电压；数字电位器选用一个8位的数字电位器按预设参数产生一个电阻与温漂低至15ppm的电阻组成放大电路的反馈。Specifically, the signal amplifier selects a rail-to-rail operational amplifier with low input bias current, offset current and temperature drift to establish an amplifying circuit; the reference voltage source selects a reference voltage source with a temperature drift as low as 15ppm for the digital-to-analog converter. Reference voltage; the digital-to-analog converter selects a 16-bit digital-to-analog converter to output the reference voltage according to preset parameters; the digital potentiometer selects an 8-bit digital potentiometer to generate a resistance and temperature drift as low as 15ppm according to preset parameters The resistors form the feedback of the amplifier circuit.
进一步地，所述控制模块为微处理器(MCU)，微处理器根据回波信号平台信号的大小，调节数模转换器输出的代码，进而改变可调的基准电压值，调节回波信号的平台信号到合适范围。Further, the control module is a microprocessor (MCU), and the microprocessor adjusts the code output by the digital-to-analog converter according to the size of the echo signal platform signal, and then changes the adjustable reference voltage value to adjust the echo signal Platform signal to the appropriate range.
在上述实施例二中，微处理器采集回波信号，根据回波信号幅度大小，改变数字电位器电阻值，进而改变放大电路放大倍数，使回波信号被放大到一个便于检测的幅度范围，不会因太大而超出测量量程，也不会因为太小而难于检测，而是始终保持在一个便于微处理器采集和处理的幅度狭小上。In the second embodiment above, the microprocessor collects the echo signal, changes the resistance value of the digital potentiometer according to the amplitude of the echo signal, and then changes the amplification factor of the amplification circuit, so that the echo signal is amplified to an amplitude range that is convenient for detection. It will not exceed the measurement range because it is too large, and it will not be difficult to detect because it is too small, but it will always be kept at a narrow range that is convenient for microprocessor acquisition and processing.
综上所述，本发明通过对回波信号进行分析，然后在对数字电位器和数模转换器进行调节，输出连续可调的基准电压和电阻值，从而改变信号放大器的放大倍数，从而使或获取的回波信号始终保持在一个便于采集和处理的幅度狭小范围上，以适应各种不同的工况环境。In summary, the present invention analyzes the echo signal, then adjusts the digital potentiometer and digital-to-analog converter, and outputs a continuously adjustable reference voltage and resistance value, thereby changing the amplification factor of the signal amplifier, so that Or the acquired echo signal is always maintained in a narrow range of amplitude that is convenient for collection and processing, so as to adapt to various working conditions and environments.
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.
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