CN104567088A - Solid laser refrigerator with tapered optical fiber and micro-sphere, method for manufacturing solid laser refrigerator and refrigerating method implemented by same - Google Patents
Solid laser refrigerator with tapered optical fiber and micro-sphere, method for manufacturing solid laser refrigerator and refrigerating method implemented by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN104567088A CN104567088A CN201510048425.4A CN201510048425A CN104567088A CN 104567088 A CN104567088 A CN 104567088A CN 201510048425 A CN201510048425 A CN 201510048425A CN 104567088 A CN104567088 A CN 104567088A
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- optical fiber
- microballoon
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B23/00—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect
- F25B23/003—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect using selective radiation effect
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Abstract
The invention relates to a solid laser refrigerator with a tapered optical fiber and a micro-sphere. The solid laser refrigerator comprises the micro-sphere. The micro-sphere is used for coupling pump light to form winding corridor molds, the tapered optical fiber is arranged on a side of the micro-sphere, the middle of the tapered optical fiber is annularly inwardly sunken to form a tapered waist, an equatorial plane of the micro-sphere is tangential to the tapered waist of the tapered optical fiber, a laser device which is used for outputting laser light to be used as the pump light is connected to an end of the tapered optical fiber, and the micro-sphere is connected with a refrigerated object. The invention further relates to a method for manufacturing the solid laser refrigerator with the tapered optical fiber and the micro-sphere and a refrigerating method implemented by the solid laser refrigerator. The solid laser refrigerator, the method and the refrigerating method have the advantages that the pump laser light has long advancing optical paths on the inner surface of the micro-sphere, rare-earth ions can be efficiently excited, anti-stokes fluorescence generated by the rare-earth ions can be radiated over short distances towards various directions of the surface of the micro-sphere without being reabsorbed, and accordingly the solid laser refrigerator is high in refrigerating efficiency; the solid laser refrigerator with the tapered optical fiber and the micro-sphere is small and light and is easy to integrate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method and refrigerating method thereof of boring fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator.
Background technology
Laser cooling, also referred to as anti-stokes fluorescent cooling (Anti-Stokes Fluorescent Cooling), proposes in nineteen twenty-nine, and first time nineteen ninety-five realizes the clean refrigeration of experimentally 0.3K, and realization in 2010 has dropped to 155K from room temperature.
Solid State Laser refrigerator, after being absorbed by heat, takes heat out of matrix in the mode that anti-Stokes fluorescence is launched, realizes the method for refrigeration during owing to being photon excitation rare earth ion from matrix, therefore also referred to as photon refrigerating pump.It and vapor compression refrigeration freeze with liquid-circulating and compare, there is the particular advantages of full photosensitiveness, total solids, simultaneously this refrigerating appliance is with or without vibration & noise, electromagnetic-radiation-free with do not produce that electromagnetic interference, volume are little, lightweight, reliability high, therefore has very tempting application prospect in space flight and aviation, satellite, spaceborne infrared remote sensor, microelectronics, low-temperature physics and engineering, superconducting electronics, solid-state spintronics and the field such as quantum calculation, biomedicine.
At present, the solid material that laser cooling research is conventional in the world mainly contains rare earth doping transparent medium, and comprise glass and crystal, equipment therefor is block shape or optical fiber shape.The efficiency of shape on laser cooling of laser cooling operation material has very important impact.Realize the more highly effective refrigeration of laser, just should make pumping laser more, more effectively excite refrigeration centre--rare earth ion, and the not cooled center of the anti-Stokes fluorescence of generation is absorbed again, leave working media as early as possible.In reported experimental technique, after employing optical fiber shaped device, obtain lower cryogenic temperature.This is because optical fiber shape device working media makes the restrained long light path that realizes in a fiber of pump light transmit, and realizes the abundant absorption to pump light.And the anti-Stokes fluorescence that refrigeration centre produces is spontaneous emission light, gives out, be not constrained in fiber core and transmit vertically to all directions, major part has given out from optical fiber surface, and transmission light path is in a fiber short, and few cooled center heavily absorbs.Below be all conducive to improving refrigerating efficiency.So, when carrying out laser refrigerator design, making full use of monochromaticjty and the directionality of pump light, improving the binding character of pump light and further to improve power density be useful, and anti-Stokes fluorescence is isotropic, refrigerator device should make it leave refrigerant through the shortest optical path.
For meeting above requirement, refrigerator apparatus design in the past has following two kinds: one to be the device adopting the block Fabry-Perot cavity of body, the film to pump light high reflectance is plated at block device two ends, form optical resonator, it is exactly refrigeration work material in chamber, so just can increase the round number of times of pumping light in operation material, increase the absorption of refrigeration centre to pumping light, but this method be unfavorable for produce fluorescence to external radiation, fluorescence is large by heavy absorbing probability, reduces refrigerating efficiency; Another kind method adopts optical fiber shape medium, optical fiber shape device constraint laser, the power density of pump light can be improved, increase refrigeration centre (rare earth ion) to the absorption of exciting light, add reflecting layer at the two ends of optical fiber, make pump light retrain round-trip transmission in a fiber, further increase absorbs, fluorescence can be made to penetrate from the surface of optical fiber on the other hand, reduce the probability of fluorescence reabsorption, but optical fiber be not easy to integrated.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned prior art Problems existing and make improvement, namely technical problem to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of volume little, be easy to integrated cone fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator, simple, preparation method and refrigerating method thereof efficiently.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of cone fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator, comprise one in order to coupling pumping light to form the microballoon of claustra mould, described microballoon side is provided with a cone optical fiber, there is hoop indent to form cone waist in the middle part of described cone optical fiber, the equatorial plane and its cone waist of described microballoon are tangent, and one end of described cone optical fiber is connected with one in order to the laser instrument of Output of laser as pump light, and described microballoon is connected with cooled object.
Further, described microballoon adopts the low phonon material of high-purity to be base material and Homogeneous phase mixing certain proportion rare earth ion is made.
Further, described laser instrument is semiconductor laser or optical fiber laser, and its wavelength is that pump light excitation rare-earth ion is to produce the wavelength of the up-conversion luminescence maximal efficiency of anti-stoke fluorescence.
Further, described microballoon is connected with heat conduction handle, and described microballoon is connected with cooled object through heat conduction handle.
Further, the refractive index of cone waist diameter and the microballoon of described cone optical fiber, diameter mate mutually.
Bore a preparation method for fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation cone optical fiber: employing general single mode fiber draws to bore by melting makes the cone optical fiber that middle part has hoop indent;
(2) prepare microballoon: be drawn into filament shape by doped with after the low phonon material melting of rare earth ion, filament, by heating melting, forms the spherula of the thin handle of smooth band under surface tension of liquid effect;
(3) choose pump light: the pump light of laser as rare earth ion choosing laser instrument output, and the wavelength that described laser instrument exports is that excitation rare-earth ion is to produce the wavelength anti-stoke fluorescence being changed maximum luminous efficiency;
(4) assembling cone optical fiber, microballoon, laser instrument: be connected with cooled thing by the heat conduction handle of microballoon, place the cone optical fiber tangent with the microballoon equatorial plane in the side of microballoon, is connected laser instrument one end with cone optical fiber;
Further, in step (2), described low phonon material is the fluoride glass ZBLANP material of the heavy metal lead doped with rare earth ion, described ZBLANP material its consist of: ZrF
4, BaF
2, LaF
3, AlF
3, NaF, PbF
2and YbF
3, its mol ratio is 50 ~ 55:15 ~ 20:2 ~ 5:2 ~ 5:18 ~ 25:2:1.
Further, described rare earth ion is ytterbium ion Yb
3+, erbium ion Er
3+or thulium ion Tm
3+in one or more combination.
Further, in step (2), described to prepare microballoon concrete steps as follows: fusing, and the Heavy metal fluoride glasses material chosen doped with rare earth ion is contained in graphite boat and melts, and then in atmosphere 950
oone hour is fired under C; Dehumidifying, then passes into inert gas shielding atmosphere in graphite boat, and 700
ounder C burn one hour with reduce zirconium distillation, remove its intrinsic moisture; Purify, the liquid state of melting is placed in graphite boat doped with the fluoride glass material of the heavy metal lead of rare earth ion and carries out electrochemistry purification; Wire drawing, pulls into tens microns of filament shapes by the fluoride glass material of the heavy metal lead doped with rare earth ion of the molten of purification, for subsequent use after cooling; Fire, the fluoride glass filament of the heavy metal lead doped with rare earth ion is burnt till bead through pure flame.
Bore a refrigerating method for fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator, comprise any one the cone fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator as described in claim 1 ~ 5, and carry out according to the following steps: cooled object is first directly placed in microballoon heat conduction handle top by (1); (2) pumping laser is coupled into cone optical fiber, open laser instrument, then laser is coupled into microballoon equator inner surface by cone optical taper waist and forms claustra mould, the heat on cooled object not cracked ends heat conduction handle to microballoon transfer thus cooled object temperature constantly reduce; (3) when the heat of the heat that cooled object absorbs and discharge reaches balance, a steady temperature is reached.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention is based on the anti-stokes fluorescent cooling principle using rare earth ion as refrigeration centre; The equatorial plane of cone optical fiber and microballoon is tangent, and it is coupler pump light efficient coupling being entered Optical Microsphere; After pumping laser is coupled into microballoon efficiently, constantly carry out total internal reflection along equator great circle, form claustra mould, the loss of claustra mould is very little, and pattern body is little, and power density is high.The first, pumping laser becomes very long at microballoon inner surface light path of advancing, and fully acts on, efficiently excite rare earth ion with refrigeration centre; Pumping laser has high energy density, has more pump light excitation rare-earth ion, and the anti-stoke fluorescence of generation is also more, and refrigerating efficiency improves; The second, this holder fluorescence anti-that rare earth ion produces gives off to all directions short distance at microsphere surface, is not heavily absorbed, also improves refrigerating efficiency; Between microballoon and cooled thing, heat transfer is quick, by the heat transfer of cooled object to microballoon, can shed with fluorescent radiation form.3rd, cone fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator volume is little, lightweight, is easy to integrated, and be conducive to refrigerant to the radiation of the absorption of pumping laser with this delivery detective fluorescence anti-, refrigerating efficiency is high, and refrigeration will be better.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the organigram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the preparation method of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet preparing microballoon of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1-microballoon, 2-bores optical fiber, and 21-bores waist, 3-laser instrument, the cooled object of 4-, 5-heat conduction handle.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3, a kind of cone fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator, comprise one in order to coupling pumping light to form the microballoon 1 of claustra mould, described microballoon 1 side is provided with a cone optical fiber 2, there is hoop indent to form cone waist 21 in the middle part of described cone optical fiber 2, the equatorial plane and its cone waist 21 of described microballoon 1 are tangent, and one end of described cone optical fiber 2 is connected with one in order to the laser instrument 3 of Output of laser as pump light, and described microballoon 1 is connected with cooled object 4.The present invention is based on the anti-stokes fluorescent cooling principle using rare earth ion as refrigeration centre, after pumping laser is coupled into microballoon 1 efficiently, constantly carry out total internal reflection along its equator great circle, form claustra mould, the loss of claustra mould is very little, and pattern body is little, and power density is high.
In the present invention, described microballoon 1 adopts the low phonon material of high-purity to be base material and Homogeneous phase mixing certain proportion rare earth ion is made.
In the present invention, described laser instrument 3 is semiconductor laser or optical fiber laser, and its wavelength is that pump light excitation rare-earth ion is to produce the wavelength of the up-conversion luminescence maximal efficiency of anti-stoke fluorescence.
In the present invention, described microballoon 1 top or opposite side are connected with heat conduction handle 5, and described microballoon 1 is connected with cooled object 4 through heat conduction handle 5, and described microballoon 1 can directly directly be connected with cooled object 4.
In the present invention, cone waist 21 diameter of described cone optical fiber 2 mates mutually with the refractive index of microballoon 1, diameter, is coupled into bead in maximum efficiency to make pump light.
In the present invention, described cone optical fiber 2, microballoon 1, laser instrument 3 are all placed in vacuum heat-insulation chamber.
Bore a preparation method for fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator, comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation cone optical fiber 2: employing general single mode fiber draws to bore by melting makes the cone optical fiber 2 that middle part has hoop indent;
(2) prepare microballoon 1: be drawn into filament shape by doped with after the low phonon material melting of rare earth ion, filament, by heating melting, forms the spherula of the thin handle of smooth band under surface tension of liquid effect;
(3) choose pump light: the pump light of laser as rare earth ion choosing laser instrument 3 output, and the wavelength that described laser instrument 3 exports is that excitation rare-earth ion is to produce the wavelength anti-stoke fluorescence being changed maximum luminous efficiency;
(4) assembling cone optical fiber 2, microballoon 1, laser instrument 3: be connected with cooled thing by the heat conduction handle 5 of microballoon 1, place the cone optical fiber 2 tangent with microballoon 1 equatorial plane in the side of microballoon 1, is connected laser instrument 3 one end with cone optical fiber 2;
In the present invention, in step (2), described low phonon material is the fluoride glass ZBLANP material of the heavy metal lead doped with rare earth ion, described ZBLANP material its consist of: ZrF
4, BaF
2, LaF
3, AlF
3, NaF, PbF
2and YbF
3, its mol ratio is 50 ~ 55:15 ~ 20:2 ~ 5:2 ~ 5:18 ~ 25:2:1.
In the present invention, described rare earth ion is ytterbium ion Yb
3+, erbium ion Er
3+or thulium ion Tm
3+in one or more combination, doping with rare-earth ions is refrigeration centre, and doping content is moderate, does not produce the heavily absorption to fluorescence, does not make fluorescent quenching.The low phonon material of described high-purity be fluoride glass/crystal, fluorochloride glass/crystal, fluorin-oxygen glass pottery or tellurate glass, its visible ray and near infrared band loss minimum, transparent, pure.
In the present invention, in step (2), described to prepare microballoon 1 concrete steps as follows: fusing, and the Heavy metal fluoride glasses material chosen doped with rare earth ion is contained in graphite boat and melts, and then in atmosphere 950
oone hour is fired under C; Dehumidifying, then passes into inert gas shielding atmosphere in graphite boat, and 700
ounder C burn one hour with reduce zirconium distillation, remove its intrinsic moisture; Purify, the liquid state of melting is placed in graphite boat doped with the fluoride glass material of the heavy metal lead of rare earth ion and carries out electrochemistry purification; Wire drawing, pulls into tens microns of filament shapes by the fluoride glass material of the heavy metal lead doped with rare earth ion of the molten of purification, for subsequent use after cooling; Fire, the fluoride glass filament of the heavy metal lead doped with rare earth ion is burnt till bead through pure flame.
Bore a refrigerating method for fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator, comprise any one cone optical fiber 2 microballoon 1 type Solid State Laser refrigerator as previously discussed, and carry out according to the following steps: cooled object 4 is first directly placed in microballoon 1 heat conduction handle 5 top by (1); (2) pumping laser is coupled into cone optical fiber 2, open laser instrument 3, then laser is bored 21, waist by cone optical fiber 2 and is coupled into microballoon 1 equator inner surface and forms claustra mould, and the heat on cooled object 4 not cracked ends heat conduction handle 5 to shift thus cooled object 4 temperature constantly reduces to microballoon 1; (3) when the cooled heat of object 4 absorption and the heat of discharge reach balance, a steady temperature is reached
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a cone fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator, it is characterized in that: comprise one in order to coupling pumping light to form the microballoon of claustra mould, described microballoon side is provided with a cone optical fiber, there is hoop indent to form cone waist in the middle part of described cone optical fiber, the equatorial plane and its cone waist of described microballoon are tangent, one end of described cone optical fiber is connected with one in order to the laser instrument of Output of laser as pump light, and described microballoon is connected with cooled object.
2. one cone fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described microballoon adopts the low phonon material of high-purity to be base material and Homogeneous phase mixing certain proportion rare earth ion is made.
3. one cone fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described laser instrument is semiconductor laser or optical fiber laser, its wavelength is that pump light excitation rare-earth ion is to produce the wavelength of the up-conversion luminescence maximal efficiency of anti-stoke fluorescence.
4. one cone fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described microballoon is connected with heat conduction handle, described microballoon is connected with cooled object through heat conduction handle.
5. one cone fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cone waist diameter of described cone optical fiber mates mutually with the refractive index of microballoon, diameter.
6. bore a preparation method for fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation cone optical fiber: employing general single mode fiber draws to bore by melting makes the cone optical fiber that middle part has hoop indent;
(2) prepare microballoon: be drawn into filament shape by doped with after the low phonon material melting of rare earth ion, filament, by heating melting, forms the spherula of the thin handle of smooth band under surface tension of liquid effect;
(3) choose pump light: the pump light of laser as rare earth ion choosing laser instrument output, and the wavelength that described laser instrument exports is that excitation rare-earth ion is to produce the wavelength anti-stoke fluorescence being changed maximum luminous efficiency;
(4) assembling cone optical fiber, microballoon, laser instrument: be connected with cooled thing by the heat conduction handle of microballoon, place the cone optical fiber tangent with the microballoon equatorial plane in the side of microballoon, is connected laser instrument one end with cone optical fiber.
7. a kind of preparation method boring fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in step (2), described low phonon material is the fluoride glass ZBLANP material of the heavy metal lead doped with rare earth ion, described ZBLANP material its consist of: ZrF
4, BaF
2, LaF
3, AlF
3, NaF, PbF
2and YbF
3, its mol ratio is 50 ~ 55:15 ~ 20:2 ~ 5:2 ~ 5:18 ~ 25:2:1.
8. a kind of preparation method boring fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described rare earth ion is ytterbium ion Yb
3+, erbium ion Er
3+or thulium ion Tm
3+in one or more combination.
9. a kind of preparation method boring fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator according to claim 6 or 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, in step (2), described to prepare microballoon concrete steps as follows: fusing, the Heavy metal fluoride glasses material chosen doped with rare earth ion is contained in graphite boat and melts, and then in atmosphere 950
oone hour is fired under C; Dehumidifying, then passes into inert gas shielding atmosphere in graphite boat, and 700
ounder C burn one hour with reduce zirconium distillation, remove its intrinsic moisture; Purify, the liquid state of melting is placed in graphite boat doped with the heavy metal P fluoride glass material of rare earth ion and carries out electrochemistry purification; Wire drawing, pulls into tens microns of filament shapes by the fluoride glass material of the heavy metal lead doped with rare earth ion of the molten of purification, for subsequent use after cooling; Fire, the fluoride glass filament of the heavy metal lead doped with rare earth ion is burnt till bead through pure flame.
10. bore the refrigerating method of fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator for one kind, it is characterized in that, comprise any one the cone fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator as described in claim 1 ~ 5, and carry out according to the following steps: cooled object is first directly placed in microballoon heat conduction handle top by (1); (2) pumping laser is coupled into cone optical fiber, open laser instrument, then laser is coupled into microballoon equator inner surface by cone optical taper waist and forms claustra mould, the heat on cooled object not cracked ends heat conduction handle to microballoon transfer thus cooled object temperature constantly reduce; (3) when the heat of the heat that cooled object absorbs and discharge reaches balance, a steady temperature is reached.
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| CN201510048425.4A CN104567088B (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2015-01-30 | The preparation method of cone fiber optic microsphere type Solid State Laser refrigerator and refrigerating method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109564056A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2019-04-02 | 索尔库德公司 | It is cooling with anti-Stokes fluorescence |
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| US5447032A (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1995-09-05 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Fluorescent refrigeration |
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| US20010033587A1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-10-25 | California Institute Of Technology | Micro-cavity laser |
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2015
- 2015-01-30 CN CN201510048425.4A patent/CN104567088B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
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| US5447032A (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1995-09-05 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Fluorescent refrigeration |
| US5615558A (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1997-04-01 | Cornell; Eric A. | Optical cooling of solids |
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| US20010033587A1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-10-25 | California Institute Of Technology | Micro-cavity laser |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109564056A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2019-04-02 | 索尔库德公司 | It is cooling with anti-Stokes fluorescence |
| US11067316B2 (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2021-07-20 | Solcold | Cooling with anti-stokes fluorescence |
| CN109564056B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2021-08-27 | 索尔库德公司 | Device for optical cooling of an object |
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