CN104563977B - Perforating system and the method using its perforation - Google Patents

Perforating system and the method using its perforation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104563977B
CN104563977B CN201310476366.1A CN201310476366A CN104563977B CN 104563977 B CN104563977 B CN 104563977B CN 201310476366 A CN201310476366 A CN 201310476366A CN 104563977 B CN104563977 B CN 104563977B
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China
Prior art keywords
bridging plug
perforating system
piston cylinder
setting tool
perforating
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CN201310476366.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104563977A (en
Inventor
李洪春
李奎为
贾长贵
周健
王宝峰
徐胜强
卫然
张旭
吴峙颖
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering
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Priority to CN201310476366.1A priority Critical patent/CN104563977B/en
Publication of CN104563977A publication Critical patent/CN104563977A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11Perforators; Permeators
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/119Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of perforating system and the method for using its perforation.The bridging plug that the perforating system includes electric power perforator, is fixedly mounted on the bridging plug setting tool in the perforator downstream and is connected by the first shear pin with the bridging plug setting tool.Perforating system can also include locator.The perforating system of the present invention is blocked using bridging plug, fills in face precise control.

Description

Perforating system and the method using its perforation
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil gas well completion device, particularly a kind of perforating system.The invention further relates to using this The method of perforating system perforation.
Background technology
In the storey increase design of shale gas reservoir horizontal well, the bridging plug and the connection of cable perforation set by electric power is made to be one The method planted.In this approach, it is necessary first to be connected to bridging plug, electric power bridging plug setting tool and cable perforation rifle on pipe string simultaneously Enter together in well.By the liquid pumped into well after pipe string enters horizontal segment, by bridging plug setting tool and bridging plug, perforating gun Interval of interest is delivered to, then cable is powered, start bridging plug setting tool.Bridging plug is given up after setting and above carries perforating gun to perforation Position, cable is once again powered up carrying out perforation, and pressing crack construction is then carried out again.
In this approach, it is necessary to realize that bridging plug is set using electric power, this brings certain uncertain row to construction.This Outside, device used in this method is also more complicated, causes construction cost higher.
The content of the invention
For the above-mentioned technical problem in the presence of prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of perforating system, and it uses bridge Capable closure is filled in, face precise control is filled in.The invention further relates to the method using this perforating system perforation.
According to the first aspect of the invention, it is proposed that a kind of perforating system, including with electric power perforator, be fixedly mounted on and penetrate The bridging plug setting tool in hole device downstream and the bridging plug being connected by the first shear pin with bridging plug setting tool, wherein, bridging plug is set Instrument includes the central tube being fixedly connected with the downstream of perforator, and the downstream end of central tube is provided with what is projected radially outward Ring-type junction piece, is guided by ring-type junction piece and slidingtype is enclosed on piston cylinder on the outside of central tube, in the downstream part of piston cylinder The downstream end for being provided with the locating ring protruded radially inwardly coordinated with ring-type junction piece and piston cylinder is in contact with bridging plug, The piston in gap between centrally disposed pipe and piston cylinder, piston is set and Neng Yan centers with ring-type junction piece compartment Pipe is slided, and piston is connected by the second shear pin with piston cylinder and central tube, in perforation, and bridging plug setting tool can be in outside liquid Power effect lower band piston cylinder realizes that bridging plug is set towards downstream movement, is powered afterwards to perforator and carries out perforation.
According to the perforating system of the present invention, bridging plug only can be achieved with by hydraulic coupling set, it is to avoid use the hands such as gunpowder Section is set, and the security for setting construction is substantially increased, while reducing difficulty of construction.In addition, the perforating system of the present invention makes Blocked with bridging plug, it is to avoid back-up sand, sand washing operation repeatedly during perforation, reduce construction cost.
In one embodiment, perforator includes being arranged on the cable connector of upstream portion and is arranged on cable connector downstream Perforating gun.In a preferred embodiment, perforator includes the multi-openings rifle being arranged in series, and adjacent perforating gun It is connected by changing pipe nipple.By setting multi-openings rifle, it is possible to increase perforation efficiency, so as to shorten the engineering time.Conversion is short Energy-conservation is enough to be easily together in series multi-openings rifle head and the tail, so as to adjust the quantity of perforating gun according to actual condition.
In one embodiment, the underground position for determining perforating system is additionally provided between cable connector and perforating gun The locator put.In a preferred embodiment, locator is magnetic locator.During perforating system G.I.H, Magnetic locator can recognize the position of casing coupling, and can be by the location transmission to ground controller, so that easily true Determine the down well placement of perforating system.
In one embodiment, bridging plug setting tool also includes the regulation ring being fixedly connected with central tube, and piston cylinder is slided Formula is between regulation ring and central tube.By setting regulation ring, it can prevent piston cylinder from deviateing in active procedure, so that It ensure that the stable progress that bridging plug is set.In a preferred embodiment, the upstream portion of piston cylinder is configured to external diameter reduction And in step part between regulation ring and central tube.This structure causes the overall structure of bridging plug setting tool more It is compact, facilitate and use.
In one embodiment, central tube, piston cylinder and piston surround sealed cavity.Because the pressure in cavity is far small In the hydraulic coupling of surrounding wellbore, therefore piston can extrude cavity, so that band swimmingly along central tube towards downstream slip Piston cylinder is towards downstream movement so that bridging plug is set.In a preferred embodiment, the axial length of cavity is less than step Partial axial length.This means the stroke of piston cylinder towards downstream movement is less than the length of step part so that piston exists Piston will not be deviate from from regulation ring in motion process, it is ensured that the stability of piston cylinder motion.
In one embodiment, the quantity of bridging plug setting tool is multiple, and the piston of the bridging plug setting tool of upstream Cylinder leans the piston of downstream bridging plug setting tool, and the piston cylinder of the bridging plug setting tool of most downstream leans bridging plug.It is many by setting Individual bridging plug setting tool, bridging plug seating and sealing unit can realize the setting force bigger than single bridging plug setting tool, so as to contribute to bridge Plug is set.
According to the second aspect of the invention, it is proposed that using the method that perforation is carried out according to perforating system described above, Comprise the following steps:
Step one:Precalculated position will be arrived in the perforating system tripping in sleeve pipe;
Step 2:Liquid is injected into oil jacket annular space and bridging plug is set, the first shear pin is cut and above carries perforator to penetrating Hole site;
Step 3:It is powered to perforator, carries out perforation;
Step 4:After perforation terminates, the perforating system is proposed into well head;
Step 5:Repeat step one to four, completes perforation construction.
In one embodiment, in step one, determine to be passed through during perforating system tripping in by magnetic locator The position of casing coupling realize the positioning of perforating system.
In this application, term " upstream " refers to the direction towards ground, and term " downstream " refers to the side opposite with upstream To.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that the present invention perforating system using fluid power realize bridging plug set, Give up, do not use the priming systems such as detonator, gunpowder, substantially increase the security of construction, reduce construction organization difficulty and apply Work cost.In addition, being blocked present invention uses bridging plug, machine plugging good reliability advantageously reduces construction cost.Penetrating Locator is set accurately to control the down well placement of perforating system on aperture apparatus, to carry out perforation to desired stratum.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and refering to the accompanying drawings.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of the perforating system according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the perforator first embodiment according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the perforator second embodiment according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the bridging plug setting tool according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the zoomed-in view of the part A in Fig. 4.
In the accompanying drawings, identical part uses identical reference.Accompanying drawing is not drawn according to actual ratio.
Embodiment
By connection with figures, the invention will be further described below.
Fig. 1 schematically shows the perforating system 100 according to the present invention.In this embodiment, perforating system 100 includes Electric power perforator 102, bridging plug setting tool 200 and the bridge driven by bridging plug setting tool 200 being connected with by cable 110 Plug 50.Perforator 102, bridging plug setting tool 200 and bridging plug 50 are assembled successively according to the order for being from upstream to downstream, and are penetrated It is connected through a screw thread between hole device 102 and bridging plug setting tool 200, facilitates the assembling of perforating system 100.In bridging plug setting tool 200 and bridging plug 50 pass through the first shear pin 103(As shown in Figure 4)Both are connected.
Fig. 2 shows the first embodiment of the perforator 102 of the present invention.Perforator 102 includes being arranged on upstream portion Cable connector 111 and the perforating gun 112 for being arranged on the downstream of cable connector 111.Perforating gun 112 is ignited using electric power and realizes and penetrate Hole.In a preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 3, in order to improve perforation efficiency, perforator 102 is more including what is be arranged in series Individual perforating gun(Such as two perforating guns 112,112 '), and adjacent perforating gun is connected by changing pipe nipple 113.Change pipe nipple 113 easily can be together in series multi-openings rifle head and the tail, so as to adjust the quantity of perforating gun according to actual condition.Under The conversion pipe nipple 113 ' of trip can be used for being connected with bridging plug setting tool 200.
Perforating system 100 is controlled to be position in underground in order to be able to accurate, in the upper cable connector 111 of perforator 102 and perforation Locator 104 is additionally provided between rifle 112, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.In a preferred embodiment, locator 104 is fixed for magnetic Position device.Magnetic locator is generally made up of the permanent magnet and coil in copper shell.By the G.I.H of perforating system 100 During, when magnetic orientation moves through casing coupling in well, because sleeve pipe thickeies at box cupling, change magnet surrounding magnetic field Distribution, make to produce induced electromotive force through the magnetic flux change of coil.Faradic size is recorded, a set will be obtained Pipe collar curve.According to casing coupling curve, radioactivity log is coordinated accurately to determine perforating site in well.It should be noted that Ground is, although be shown as in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, locator 104 is arranged on perforator 102, but actually locator 104 can be with It is arranged at any appropriate position of perforating system 100.
Fig. 4 schematically shows the two bridging plug setting tools 20 and 40 being arranged in series.The two bridging plug setting tools Structure be substantially the same, be only described below by taking the bridging plug setting tool 20 of upstream as an example.
Bridging plug setting tool 20 includes the central tube 21 being fixedly installed, and is socketed in the piston cylinder 22 outside central tube 21.In The downstream end of heart pipe 21 is provided with the ring-type junction piece 23 projected radially outward, then the drawing in ring-type junction piece 23 of piston cylinder 22 Lead down and can slidably set.In order to avoid piston cylinder 22 slips away central tube 21, be provided with the downstream part of piston cylinder 22 with The locating ring 24 protruded radially inwardly that ring-type junction piece 23 coordinates.In confined state, locating ring 24 is in ring-type junction piece 23 downstream so that piston cylinder 22 is only capable of along central tube 21 towards downstream movement.
Piston 25 is provided with the upstream portion in the gap between central tube 21 and piston cylinder 22, piston 25 passes through second Shear pin 26 is connected with piston cylinder 22 and central tube 21 simultaneously.In order that obtaining piston 25 together with piston cylinder 22 relative to central tube 21 towards downstream movement, and the diameter that the second shear pin 26 is made as into its part being connected with central tube 21 is less than itself and piston cylinder 22 The diameter of connected part, by controlling hydraulic coupling to realize only to cut the connected part of the central tube 21 of the second shear pin 26 Ensure that the second shear pin 26 realizes this purpose with part that piston cylinder 22 is connected to be intact.In addition, will also in the initial state Piston 25 is set to spaced apart with ring-type junction piece 23 so that piston 25 has space.It is specific real at one Apply in example, be provided with first seal on the contact surface of piston 25 and piston cylinder 22, be in contact in piston 25 with central tube 21 Face on be provided with second seal, the 3rd seal be provided with the face that ring-type junction piece 23 is in contact with piston cylinder 22, Thus central tube 21, piston cylinder 22 and piston 25 surround sealed cavity 30.The presence of cavity 30, is avoided that the slip of piston 25 Path is contaminated or is damaged, so as to ensure that piston 25 can smooth sliding.
In order to be further ensured that piston 25 and the energy smooth sliding of piston cylinder 22, bridging plug setting tool 20 also includes and central tube 21 regulation rings 31 being fixedly connected, for example, be connected through a screw thread.The upstream portion slidingtype of piston cylinder 22 is in the He of regulation ring 31 Between central tube 21.As shown in Figures 4 and 5, top connection 32 is fixedly installed in the upstream of central tube 21, regulation ring 31 is configured to cylinder Shape and its upstream portion and top connection 32 are threaded togather and downstream part is vacant state, the upstream portion of piston cylinder 22 Office is between the hanging downstream part of regulation ring 31 and central tube 21.In the motion process of piston cylinder 22, the meeting of piston cylinder 22 The constraint of regulated ring 31 and central tube 21, and middle motion in the axial direction is only capable of, so as to can guarantee that the stabilization that bridging plug is set Carry out.
In a specific embodiment, the upstream portion of piston cylinder 22 is provided with the step part 33 of reduced diameter, It extends to the upstream end thereof of piston cylinder 22 and is between regulation ring 31 and central tube 21, as shown in Figure 5.In addition, cavity 30 axial length is less than the axial length of step part 33, accordingly even when piston 25 slides into final position, step part 33 (That is, piston cylinder 22)The constraint of still regulated ring 31, so as to can guarantee that the stable motion of piston 25 and piston cylinder 22.It should also note Meaning ground is that piston cylinder 22 and the bonding part of regulation ring 31 there are gap 35, as shown in Figure 5.Liquid can pass through the gap 35 Apply the active force towards downstream to piston 25, so as to drive piston 25 and piston cylinder 22 towards downstream movement.
The structure of the bridging plug setting tool 40 in downstream and the bridging plug setting tool 20 of upstream is substantially the same, and is risen in order to simple See, here only both differences of description.As shown in figure 4, the piston 45 of bridging plug setting tool 40 and upstream bridging plug setting tool 20 The downstream end of piston cylinder 22 be in contact, to apply the active force towards downstream to it.With the phase of bridging plug setting tool 40 Lower contact 43 is fixedly connected with the inside of the downstream end for the central tube 21 ' matched somebody with somebody, lower contact 43 is further through the first shear pin 103 and bridge Plug 50 is fixedly connected.The downstream part of the piston cylinder 42 of bridging plug setting tool 40 is also in contact with bridging plug 50, so that proper piston Cylinder 42 can realize bridging plug when in the presence of the piston cylinder 22 of hydraulic coupling or upstream bridging plug setting tool 20 towards downstream movement 50 set.
The method for describing to carry out perforation according to the perforating system 100 of the present invention below according to Fig. 1 to 5.This method includes Following steps:Precalculated position will be arrived in the tripping in sleeve pipe of perforating system 100 first.Preferably, this by locator 104 by recognizing set The positioning for saving hoop position and realizing perforating system 100 on pipe.Then, into oil jacket annular space(That is, oil pipe 101 is with being in oil pipe Space between the sleeve pipe in 101 outsides)Inject liquid.Under action of hydraulic force, the piston cylinder 22 and bridge of bridging plug setting tool 20 The piston cylinder 42 of plug setting tool 40 can realize the setting of bridging plug 50, give up towards downstream movement.Then, perforating gun is adjusted 112 position is to design attitude, and cable is powered, and the transmitting of perforating gun 112 completes perforation.After perforation terminates, lifting upwards is penetrated Aperture apparatus 100, well head is proposed by perforating system 100, carries out pressing crack construction.The perforating system 100 ressembled is assembled again After upper bridging plug, G.I.H again is set, cable perforation, pressing crack construction with proceeding bridging plug, is so continued until and is completed institute There is construction.
Although by reference to preferred embodiment, invention has been described, is not departing from the situation of the scope of the present invention Under, various improvement can be carried out to it and part therein can be replaced with equivalent.Especially, as long as in the absence of structure punching Prominent, the every technical characteristic being previously mentioned in each embodiment can combine in any way.The invention is not limited in text Disclosed in specific embodiment, but all technical schemes including falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of perforating system, including with electric power perforator, be fixedly mounted on the bridging plug setting tool in the perforator downstream with And the bridging plug being connected by the first shear pin with the bridging plug setting tool,
Wherein, the bridging plug setting tool includes the central tube being fixedly connected with the downstream of the perforator, in the central tube Downstream end be provided with the ring-type junction piece projected radially outward, be enclosed on by ring-type junction piece guiding and slidingtype described Piston cylinder on the outside of central tube, is provided with the downstream part of the piston cylinder and coordinates radially inwards with the ring-type junction piece The downstream end of the locating ring of protrusion and the piston cylinder is in contact with the bridging plug, is arranged on the central tube and the work The piston in gap between plug tube, the piston sets and can slided along the central tube with the ring-type junction piece compartment Dynamic, the piston is connected by the second shear pin with the piston cylinder and the central tube,
In perforation, the bridging plug setting tool can drive the piston cylinder towards downstream movement under outside fluid power effect and Realize that the bridging plug is set, be powered afterwards to the perforator and carry out perforation.
2. perforating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the perforator includes the electricity for being arranged on upstream portion Cable joint and the perforating gun for being arranged on the cable connector downstream.
3. perforating system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that between the cable connector and the perforating gun also It is provided with the locator of the down well placement for determining perforating system.
4. perforating system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the locator is magnetic locator.
5. the perforating system according to any one of claim 2 to 4, it is characterised in that the perforator is set including series connection The multi-openings rifle put, and adjacent perforating gun is connected by changing pipe nipple.
6. perforating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bridging plug setting tool also includes and the center The regulation ring that pipe is fixedly connected, the piston cylinder slidingtype is between the regulation ring and the central tube.
7. perforating system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the central tube, piston cylinder and piston surround sealing Cavity.
8. perforating system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the upstream portion of piston cylinder side wall is configured to outer Step part that is that footpath reduces and being between the regulation ring and the central tube.
9. perforating system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the axial length of the cavity is less than the stage portion The axial length divided.
10. perforating system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the quantity of the bridging plug setting tool is multiple, and And the piston cylinder of the bridging plug setting tool of upstream leans the piston of downstream bridging plug setting tool, the bridging plug setting tool of most downstream Piston cylinder leans the bridging plug.
11. the method that the perforating system any one of a kind of usage right requirement 1 to 10 carries out perforation, including following step Suddenly:
Step one:Precalculated position will be arrived in the perforating system tripping in sleeve pipe;
Step 2:Liquid is injected into oil jacket annular space and bridging plug is set, first shear pin is cut and above carries the perforator To perforating site;
Step 3:It is powered to perforator, carries out perforation;
Step 4:After perforation terminates, the perforating system is proposed into well head;
Step 5:Repeat step one to four, completes perforation construction.
12. the method that perforating system according to claim 11 carries out perforation, it is characterised in that in the step one, Determine the position of casing coupling passed through during perforating system tripping in realize the perforating system by magnetic locator Positioning.
CN201310476366.1A 2013-10-12 2013-10-12 Perforating system and the method using its perforation Active CN104563977B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN104563977B true CN104563977B (en) 2017-08-25

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112576232A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-03-30 徐世杰 Horizontal well horizontal section fracturing matched fast electric setting and perforating process

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202064883U (en) * 2011-05-06 2011-12-07 大港油田集团有限责任公司 Perfusion packer
CN103089196A (en) * 2013-02-06 2013-05-08 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Combination processing method of bridge plug seat sealing and sand blast perforating conducted by oil tube and device thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8272441B2 (en) * 2009-09-14 2012-09-25 Don Umphries Wireless downhole tool positioning system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202064883U (en) * 2011-05-06 2011-12-07 大港油田集团有限责任公司 Perfusion packer
CN103089196A (en) * 2013-02-06 2013-05-08 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Combination processing method of bridge plug seat sealing and sand blast perforating conducted by oil tube and device thereof

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