CN104562088A - Electrolytic aluminum cathode conductive rod and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Electrolytic aluminum cathode conductive rod and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104562088A CN104562088A CN201510027310.7A CN201510027310A CN104562088A CN 104562088 A CN104562088 A CN 104562088A CN 201510027310 A CN201510027310 A CN 201510027310A CN 104562088 A CN104562088 A CN 104562088A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electrolytic aluminum cathode conductive rod and a preparation method thereof, and aims at solving the technical problems of serious carburization, increasing resistance and relatively short service life of an existing cathode conductive rod in the use process. The electrolytic aluminum cathode conductive rod comprises a cathode steel rod, wherein a metal composite layer is arranged on the surface of the cathode steel rod; and the metal composite layer is a metal aluminum, metal copper or aluminum-copper, aluminum-silver, copper-silver composite layer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a pickling liquid; pickling and descaling the cathode steel rod; coating the metal composite layer; and polishing and buffing. The electrolytic aluminum cathode conductive rod disclosed by the invention has an excellent anti-carburizing function, can be repeatedly used in cycle, and is long in service life, and conducive to reduction of the maintenance cost of an electrolytic cell; the steel consumption of the cathode conductive rod is greatly reduced; and the electrolytic aluminum cathode conductive rod has great significance on energy conservation and consumption reduction of the aluminum electrolysis industry in China.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum electrolysis technology field, be specifically related to a kind of electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, in the conducting system of electrolytic aluminum, cathode guide electric system is made up of cathode carbon pieces, cathode collector bar.Wherein cathode carbon pieces is carbon materials, and cathode collector bar is steel material, and the mode that the two is made firm by ramming by thickener or the phosphorus pig iron is built fits together.In normal productive process, the temperatures as high of cathode collector bar and cathode carbon pieces contact position 900 DEG C, under this rich, high temperature carbocyclic ring border, constantly can there is carburizing in cathode collector bar, after material carburizing, resistivity becomes large, the hardness of material improves simultaneously, strength degradation, and material can become and be highly brittle, cause metal pulverization time serious, damage the use properties of steel.So in the electrobath start later stage, cathode collector bar carburizing causes electrolyzer hearth and bottom can an ever-increasing important factor; And after a time between overhaul of electrolyzer, cathode collector bar can not continue to use due to carburizing embrittlement, too increase the production cost of electrolytic aluminum.The technical problem of cathode collector bar carburizing is for a long time outstanding.
Summary of the invention
It is serious that the present invention is intended to solve the carburizing occurred in existing cathode collector bar use procedure, and resistance constantly increases, the technical problem that work-ing life is shorter.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Design a kind of electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar, comprise cathode steel bar, be provided with metal composite layer on the surface of described cathode steel bar, described metal composite layer is the composite bed of metallic aluminium, metallic copper or Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, aluminium-Yin, copper-Yin.
Preferably, the thickness of described metal composite layer is 0.01 ~ 0.5mm.
Preferably, the electric conductivity of the electric conductivity≤described cathode steel bar of described metal composite layer.
The present invention have also been devised a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparating acid washing lotion: by H
2o, HCL and HNO
3by the weight ratio preparating acid washing lotion of 3 ~ 5:4 ~ 6:1;
(2) anticathode rod iron carries out pickling, rust cleaning: immersed by the cathode steel bar after machine-shaping in the pickle solution of step (1) gained completely, soak after 8 ~ 12 hours and take out, clean with clear water anticathode rod iron surface, then this cathode steel bar is put into stoving oven and dry;
(3) following method is adopted to cover metal composite layer:
A. the mixture of metallic aluminium, metallic copper or metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, aluminium-Yin, copper-Yin is placed in heat fused in smelting furnace, obtains the liquid metal after melting;
Wherein, in the mixture of metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, metallic copper proportion is 5 ~ 15% of metallic aluminium weight; In the mixture of metallic aluminium-Yin, argent proportion is 0.5 ~ 5% of metallic aluminium weight; In the mixture of metallic copper-Yin, argent proportion is 0.5 ~ 5% of metallic copper weight;
B. immersed by the cathode steel bar of step (2) gained in the liquid metal of steps A gained, metal melt temperature fluctuation range remains between 5 DEG C and 50 DEG C, takes out after reaction 5min ~ 45min;
C. the cathode steel bar of step B gained is positioned in High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, is place 15min ~ 75min under the condition of 800 DEG C ~ 1250 DEG C in temperature, then takes out, obtain the cathode steel bar being covered with metal composite layer;
(4) smooth to the cathode steel bar surface finish being covered with metal composite layer of step (3) gained and carry out polished finish, namely obtain electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar finished product.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps A, temperature during metallic aluminium melting controls at 700 ~ 800 DEG C; Temperature during metallic copper melting controls at 1120 ~ 1200 DEG C; Temperature during the mixture melting of metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding controls at 1120 ~ 1280 DEG C; Temperature during the mixture melting of metallic aluminium-Yin controls at 1010 ~ 1060 DEG C; Temperature during the mixture melting of metallic copper-Yin controls at 1120 ~ 1150 DEG C.
Metal composite layer can also be covered by the following step replacement above-mentioned steps (3):
The cathode steel bar of step (2) gained is placed in spray painting room, use aluminium, copper wire or Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, aluminium-Yin, any one in copper-silver alloy silk, by Ultrasonic Arc Sprayed equipment, the surface of cathode steel bar will be sprayed on after this wire or melting alloy wire, form metal composite layer; Wherein, in the B alloy wire of metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, metallic copper proportion is 5 ~ 15% of metallic aluminium weight; In the B alloy wire of metallic aluminium-Yin, argent proportion is 0.5 ~ 5% of metallic aluminium weight; In the B alloy wire of metallic copper-Yin, argent proportion is 0.5 ~ 5% of metallic copper weight.
Described metal composite layer thickness is preferably 0.01 ~ 0.5mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar of the present invention, off the beaten track, adopt new anti-carburizi ng technological line, namely specific metal composite layer is covered with on cathode steel bar surface, this cathode collector bar is made to possess excellent anti-carburizi ng function, when this cathode collector bar is worked under rich carbocyclic ring border more than 800 DEG C, resistivity can not raise, and solves the problems such as the long-standing resistance caused due to cathode collector bar carburizing in this area increases, hearth and bottom raises, later period maintenance cost is large; The electrobath start later stage, also can not cause the increase of cathode collector bar resistance, the hearth and bottom caused because of this reason can not be caused to raise, contribute to the overall use properties improving cathode collector bar, reduce the loss of cathode collector bar, be conducive to the production cost reducing electrolytic aluminum.
2. this type cathode collector bar can recirculation use, long service life, and contribute to reducing electrolyzer maintenance cost, significantly reduce the rolled steel dosage of cathode collector bar, saving energy and reduce the cost to China's aluminum electrolysis industry has huge meaning.
3. electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar preparation method of the present invention, optimize processing parameter, processing step is simple, easy handling, tooling cost are low, bonding strength between the low and cathode steel bar of metal composite layer porosity of preparation is high, and uniformity coefficient is high, compactness is good, not yielding, make cathode collector bar possess good anti-carburizi ng function, and improve cathode collector bar overall use properties, add work-ing life.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar of the present invention.
Wherein 1 is metal composite layer; 2 is cathode steel bar.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described, but following examples are only used to describe the present invention in detail, and limit the scope of the invention never in any form.
Embodiment 1: a kind of electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar, as shown in Figure 1, comprises cathode steel bar 2, is provided with metal composite layer 1 on the surface of cathode steel bar 2, and metal composite layer 1 is metallic aluminium; The thickness of metal composite layer 1 is 0.01 ~ 0.5mm, the electric conductivity of the electric conductivity≤cathode steel bar 2 of metal composite 1.
Embodiment 2: a kind of electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar, is with the difference of embodiment 1, metal composite layer 1 is metallic copper.
Embodiment 3: a kind of electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar, is with the difference of embodiment 1, metal composite layer 1 is the composite bed of metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding.
Embodiment 4: a kind of electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar, is with the difference of embodiment 1, metal composite layer 1 is the composite bed of metallic aluminium-Yin.
Embodiment 5: a kind of electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar, is with the difference of embodiment 1, metal composite layer 1 is the composite bed of metallic copper-Yin.
Embodiment 6: a kind of preparation method of electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparating acid washing lotion: by H
2o, HCL and HNO
3by the weight ratio preparating acid washing lotion of 4:5:1;
(2) anticathode rod iron carries out pickling, rust cleaning: immersed by the cathode steel bar after machine-shaping in the pickle solution of step (1) gained completely, soak after 10 hours and take out, clean with clear water anticathode rod iron surface, then this cathode steel bar is put into stoving oven and dry;
(3) following method is adopted to cover metal composite layer:
A. the mixture of metallic aluminium, metallic copper or metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, aluminium-Yin, copper-Yin is placed in heat fused in smelting furnace, obtains the liquid metal after melting;
Wherein, in the mixture of metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, metallic copper proportion is 5 ~ 15% of metallic aluminium weight; In the mixture of metallic aluminium-Yin, argent proportion is 0.5 ~ 5% of metallic aluminium weight; In the mixture of metallic copper-Yin, argent proportion is 0.5 ~ 5% of metallic copper weight; Temperature during metallic aluminium melting controls at 700 ~ 800 DEG C; Temperature during metallic copper melting controls at 1120 ~ 1200 DEG C; Temperature during the mixture melting of metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding controls at 1120 ~ 1280 DEG C; Temperature during the mixture melting of metallic aluminium-Yin controls at 1010 ~ 1060 DEG C; Temperature during the mixture melting of metallic copper-Yin controls at 1120 ~ 1150 DEG C.
B. immersed by the cathode steel bar of step (2) gained in the liquid metal of steps A gained, metal melt temperature fluctuation range remains between 5 DEG C and 50 DEG C, takes out after reaction 30min;
C. the cathode steel bar of step B gained is positioned in High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, is place 40min under the condition of 1000 DEG C in temperature, then takes out, obtain the cathode steel bar being covered with metal composite layer;
(4) smooth to the cathode steel bar surface finish being covered with metal composite layer of step (3) gained and carry out polished finish, make metal composite layer thickness be 0.01 ~ 0.5mm, namely obtain electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar finished product.
Embodiment 7: a kind of preparation method of electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar, be with the difference of embodiment 6, replace above-mentioned steps (3) with the following step and cover metal composite layer: the cathode steel bar of step (2) gained is placed in spray painting room, use aluminium, copper wire or Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, aluminium-Yin, any one in copper-silver alloy silk, by Ultrasonic Arc Sprayed equipment, the surface of cathode steel bar will be sprayed on after this wire or melting alloy wire, form metal composite layer; Wherein, in the B alloy wire of metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, metallic copper proportion is 5 ~ 15% of metallic aluminium weight; In the B alloy wire of metallic aluminium-Yin, argent proportion is 0.5 ~ 5% of metallic aluminium weight; In the B alloy wire of metallic copper-Yin, argent proportion is 0.5 ~ 5% of metallic copper weight.
Equipment involved in the embodiment above, technique if no special instructions, are conventional equipment, technique; Involved industrial raw material if no special instructions, is commercially available regular industrial raw material.
Long-term application practice shows, when cathode collector bar of the present invention works under rich carbocyclic ring border more than 800 DEG C, resistivity can not raise, and can not produce the problems such as the resistance caused due to cathode collector bar carburizing increases, hearth and bottom raises, later period maintenance cost is large; In the electrobath start later stage, also can not cause the increase of cathode collector bar resistance, thus also can not produce the problem that the hearth and bottom that causes because of this reason raises.This cathode collector bar recirculation can use more than 2 times, long service life, contributes to reducing electrolyzer maintenance cost, significantly can reduce the rolled steel dosage of cathode collector bar.The working method easy handling of this cathode collector bar, tooling cost are low, bonding strength between the low and cathode steel bar of metal composite layer porosity that cathode steel bar surface is formed is high, and uniformity coefficient is high, compactness is good, not yielding, make cathode collector bar possess good anti-carburizi ng function, improve the overall use properties of cathode collector bar.At present, China's electrolysis of aluminum industry about has 40,000 multiple stage electrolyzers, within 5 years, calculate with groove mean lifetime, need overhaul electrolyzer more than 8000 platform every year on average, average every platform electrolyzer about uses cathode collector bar 20 tons, adopts the electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar in the present invention and preparation method, only this item, annual China aluminum electrolysis industry can reduce rolled steel dosage about 80,000 tons, saves energy and reduce the cost have huge meaning to China's aluminum electrolysis industry.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments the present invention is described in detail above, but, person of ordinary skill in the field can understand, under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept, each design parameter in above-described embodiment can also be changed, form multiple specific embodiment, be common variation range of the present invention, describe in detail no longer one by one at this.
Claims (7)
1. an electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar, is characterized in that, comprises cathode steel bar, is provided with metal composite layer on the surface of described cathode steel bar, and described metal composite layer is the composite bed of metallic aluminium, metallic copper or Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, aluminium-Yin, copper-Yin.
2. electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described metal composite layer is 0.01 ~ 0.5mm.
3. electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the electric conductivity of the electric conductivity≤described cathode steel bar of described metal composite layer.
4. a preparation method for electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar described in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) preparating acid washing lotion: by H
2o, HCL and HNO
3by the weight ratio preparating acid washing lotion of 3 ~ 5:4 ~ 6:1;
(2) anticathode rod iron carries out pickling, rust cleaning: immersed by the cathode steel bar after machine-shaping in the pickle solution of step (1) gained completely, soak after 8 ~ 12 hours and take out, clean with clear water anticathode rod iron surface, then this cathode steel bar is put into stoving oven and dry;
(3) following method is adopted to cover metal composite layer:
A. the mixture of metallic aluminium, metallic copper or metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, aluminium-Yin, copper-Yin is placed in heat fused in smelting furnace, obtains the liquid metal after melting;
Wherein, in the mixture of metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, metallic copper proportion is 5 ~ 15% of metallic aluminium weight; In the mixture of metallic aluminium-Yin, argent proportion is 0.5 ~ 5% of metallic aluminium weight; In the mixture of metallic copper-Yin, argent proportion is 0.5 ~ 5% of metallic copper weight;
B. immersed by the cathode steel bar of step (2) gained in the liquid metal of steps A gained, metal melt temperature fluctuation range remains between 5 DEG C and 50 DEG C, takes out after reaction 5min ~ 45min;
C. the cathode steel bar of step B gained is positioned in High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, is place 15min ~ 75min under the condition of 800 DEG C ~ 1250 DEG C in temperature, then takes out, obtain the cathode steel bar being covered with metal composite layer;
(4) smooth to the cathode steel bar surface finish being covered with metal composite layer of step (3) gained and carry out polished finish, namely obtain electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar finished product.
5. the preparation method of electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps A, temperature during metallic aluminium melting controls at 700 ~ 800 DEG C; Temperature during metallic copper melting controls at 1120 ~ 1200 DEG C; Temperature during the mixture melting of metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding controls at 1120 ~ 1280 DEG C; Temperature during the mixture melting of metallic aluminium-Yin controls at 1010 ~ 1060 DEG C; Temperature during the mixture melting of metallic copper-Yin controls at 1120 ~ 1150 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar according to claim 4, is characterized in that, replaces above-mentioned steps (3) cover metal composite layer with the following step:
The cathode steel bar of step (2) gained is placed in spray painting room, use aluminium, copper wire or Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, aluminium-Yin, any one in copper-silver alloy silk, by Ultrasonic Arc Sprayed equipment, the surface of cathode steel bar will be sprayed on after this wire or melting alloy wire, form metal composite layer; Wherein, in the B alloy wire of metal Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding, metallic copper proportion is 5 ~ 15% of metallic aluminium weight; In the B alloy wire of metallic aluminium-Yin, argent proportion is 0.5 ~ 5% of metallic aluminium weight; In the B alloy wire of metallic copper-Yin, argent proportion is 0.5 ~ 5% of metallic copper weight.
7. the preparation method of the electrolytic aluminum cathode collector bar according to claim 4 or 6, is characterized in that, described metal composite layer thickness is 0.01 ~ 0.5mm.
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| CN201510027310.7A CN104562088A (en) | 2015-01-20 | 2015-01-20 | Electrolytic aluminum cathode conductive rod and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106591884A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-04-26 | 陕西银仕达信息科技有限公司 | Negative pole structure of aluminum electrolytic trough |
| CN107779910A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-09 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Structure and method for reducing steel-carbon pressure drop of aluminum electrolysis anode |
| CN108360019A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-03 | 北京博望盛达商贸有限公司 | A kind of cathode steel bar and its manufacturing method of effective suppression level electric current |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107779910A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-09 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Structure and method for reducing steel-carbon pressure drop of aluminum electrolysis anode |
| CN107779910B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2019-03-26 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Structure and method for reducing steel-carbon pressure drop of aluminum electrolysis anode |
| CN106591884A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-04-26 | 陕西银仕达信息科技有限公司 | Negative pole structure of aluminum electrolytic trough |
| CN108360019A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-03 | 北京博望盛达商贸有限公司 | A kind of cathode steel bar and its manufacturing method of effective suppression level electric current |
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Application publication date: 20150429 |