CN104561114A - Method for improving short-chain fatty acid anaerobic methanogenesis efficiency - Google Patents

Method for improving short-chain fatty acid anaerobic methanogenesis efficiency Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104561114A
CN104561114A CN201510030209.7A CN201510030209A CN104561114A CN 104561114 A CN104561114 A CN 104561114A CN 201510030209 A CN201510030209 A CN 201510030209A CN 104561114 A CN104561114 A CN 104561114A
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chain fatty
fatty acid
graphite
short chain
methane
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王进
岳正波
冯雪梅
马丁
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Hefei University of Technology
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Hefei University of Technology
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving short-chain fatty acid anaerobic methanogenesis efficiency. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding graphite as an additive into an anaerobic fermentation system with short-chain fatty acid, and uniformly mixing the graphite with anaerobic microorganisms and the short-chain fatty acid in the anaerobic fermentation system, thereby improving the activity of the anaerobic microorganisms, increasing the number of methanogens, improving the short-chain fatty acid anaerobic methanogenesis efficiency and increasing the yield of methane in the process that the short-chain fatty acid is converted into methane through the anaerobic microorganisms together with graphite.

Description

A kind of method improving short chain fatty acid anaerobic methane production efficiency
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic waste renewable energy utilization and Waste Disposal Technology.
Background technology
Along with the shortage of the Nonrenewable energy resources such as oil, coal and the continuous aggravation of environmental problem, China and even worldwide are all in promotion development of new renewable energy source.Wherein with CH 4, H 2deng the biomass energy for representative due to its recyclability and environment friendly, become the chief component of renewable energy source.The main component of biogas is CH 4and CO 2, be a kind of important biomass energy, in occupation of very high status in renewable new forms of energy.Research finds, the high efficient marsh gas tank of tens cubes, and annual aerogenesis can solve the life fuel of 3 family population ten some months, 1m 3containing 65%CH 4biogas be equivalent to 0.6m 3sweet natural gas, l.375m 3town gas, the raw coal of 0.76kg, the electricity of 6.4kwh.Therefore, the application of biogas has powerful economic benefits, simultaneously it also there is ecologic effect, save other energy, the effect such as utilization ratio efficiently.
At present, people are many obtains biogas by anaerobic fermentation technology.Anaerobically fermenting refers to that organism is under anaerobic, by the acting in conjunction of multiple anaerobion, and the process of final output biogas.Anaerobically fermenting is a complicated biological process, generally needs through following three phases: hydrolysed ferment stage, hydrogenesis and acetogenesis stage and methane phase stage.Wherein the methane phase stage is the final step of whole anaerobically fermenting, is also a most important step, and the quality of this process will directly have influence on methane production and the productive rate of whole anaerobic fermentation process.To the anaerobic biological treatment of dissolved organic matter, the methane phase stage is generally the rate-limiting step of whole anaerobically fermenting.
The organism of occurring in nature complexity can not directly be utilized by methanogen, and needing first to be degraded to the short chain fatty acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid through hydrolysed ferment acid-producing bacteria could be utilized by other anerobes (as hydrogen-producing acetogens).The common short chain fatty acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid are intermediate products main in organic matter fermentation process, and its syntrophism anaerobic degradation is also the key link of organic matter degradation in nature anaerobic environment simultaneously.The methane synthesis being substrate by acetic acid accounts for more than 60% of occurring in nature methane synthesis, and degrading by propionic acid, butyric acid the methane produced can up to 35% of whole methane-generated quantity and 8%.So the difference of acidogenic fermentation stage product kind and productive rate has the impact of increasing to methane phase process.The methane phase stage utilizes methanogen by acetic acid, CO 2/ H 2, formic acid and methyl alcohol, methylamine etc. be converted into methane, and in this process, the quantity of methanogen and activity are the main factors affecting anaerobic degradation efficiency and methane production.Acetic acid directly can be utilized by methanogen and be converted into CH 4and CO 2, propionic acid, butyric acid then under hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria and methanogen acting in conjunction, finally can be converted into CH 4and CO 2.Therefore, directly choose acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid can save anaerobically fermenting hydrolysis stage as carbon source, contribute to studying methane production and the productive rate how graphite improves the methane phase stage better.
At present, anaerobic fermentation technology has been widely used in the process of trade effluent, municipal wastes, agricultural wastes and fowl and animal excrement and the exploitation of potential energy source, but still there are some problems, and as: anaerobic fermentation of organisms speed is slow, utilization ratio is low, and methane phase efficiency is low.Cause above-mentioned phenomenon major cause to be that methane phase stage efficiency is low, methanogen activity is low, and the output of methane is little.Methane phase process is completed by dissimilar microorganism alienation interaction, and different microorganisms can carry out transfer transport between kind by electron carrier (as hydrogen/formic acid etc.) in system.In the anaerobically fermenting methane phase system that multiple-microorganism coexists, between direct kind, transfer transport is electron exchange processes between an important kind, promote that between the direct kind between microorganism, transfer transport can promote the metabolism of microorganism, improves the activity of methanogen, the methane production of Promotion system.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve the low problem of anaerobic fermentation technology methane production, the invention provides the method for a kind of method raising short chain fatty acid anaerobically fermenting methane phase efficiency simple, with low cost.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The present invention improves the method for short chain fatty acid anaerobic methane production efficiency, its feature is: using graphite as additive, join in the anaerobically fermenting system of short chain fatty acid, and mix with the anaerobion in the anaerobically fermenting system of described short chain fatty acid and short chain fatty acid, anaerobion, short chain fatty acid is converted in the process of methane to make graphite, improve the activity of anaerobion and the quantity of methanogen, improve short chain fatty acid anaerobic methane production efficiency and methane production.
Described short chain fatty acid is sodium acetate, Sodium Propionate or Sodium propanecarboxylate.
The mass ratio of short chain fatty acid that adds in the quality of graphite and the anaerobically fermenting system of short chain fatty acid be 1:1 ~ 10.
The temperature of reaction of the anaerobically fermenting system of described short chain fatty acid is 30 ~ 35 DEG C.
Described graphite is flaky graphite and/or spherical graphite; The particle diameter of described flaky graphite is 50-3000 order; The particle diameter of described spherical graphite is 100-500 order.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention adds graphite in the anaerobically fermenting system of short chain fatty acid, the dominant microflora of microorganism in anaerobically fermenting system is changed, the increasing number of methanogen, increased activity; Graphite can provide an attachment surface for microbial growth, promotes the metabolism of microorganism, the increasing number of microorganism; Graphite, due to its high conductivity, can serve as electron carrier in anaerobically fermenting system, improves the electron transmission efficiency between microorganism and microorganism in anaerobically fermenting system, promotes transfer transport between kind, improves methane phase efficiency and methane production.
2, the present invention by adding graphite in the anaerobically fermenting system of sodium acetate, Sodium Propionate or Sodium propanecarboxylate, makes CH in anaerobically fermenting system 3cOO -, CH 3cH 2cOO -or CH 3cH 2cH 2cOO -degradation rate significantly improve, to CH 3cOO -, CH 3cH 2cOO -or CH 3cH 2cH 2cOO -utilization ratio also increase to some extent, in anaerobic fermentation process, methanogen can directly by CH 3cOO -, CH 3cH 2cOO -or CH 3cH 2cH 2cOO -be decomposed into CH 4and CO 2, in this process, microorganism utilizes sodium acetate for electron donor, and decomposed and discharge electronics, graphite serves as electron carrier in this course, connects different microorganisms, forms electronics between planting and connect between microorganism; The storage of graphite and connect nucleophobic ability and make to connect nucleophobic ability in system and strengthen, facilitates the transfer transport between microorganism, improves methane production.
3, the present invention by adding graphite in the anaerobically fermenting system of sodium acetate, Sodium Propionate or Sodium propanecarboxylate, and the competitive relation in system between microorganism is changed, and the high conductivity of graphite increases the activity of methanogen, improves methane production; And graphite is distributed widely in physical environment, rich reserves is cheap.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is accumulative methane production and the relation curve of time of each group sodium acetate anaerobic reactor in embodiment;
Fig. 2 is each peak methane-producing rate of group sodium acetate anaerobic reactor and the statistical graph of maximum acetic acid degradation rate in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
100 orders, 3000 object flaky graphites and 325 object spherical graphites are bought from market;
Anaerobism seed sludge takes from anaerobic reactor;
In trace element water-soluble liquid, contained microelement concentration is: FeCl 210mmol/L, CoCl 21mmol/L, MnCl 24H 2o1mmol/L, ZnCl 21mmol/L, H 3bO 30.1mmol/L, NiCl 20.1mmol/L, AlCl 30.1mmol/L, Na 2moO 42H 2o 0.1mmol/L, CuCl 20.01mmol/L.
In the VITAMIN aqueous solution, contained vitamin concentration is: D (+)-vitamin H 20 μm of ol/L, PABA 20 μm of ol/L, nicotinic acid (VB3) 20 μm of ol/L, Ca-D (+)-pantothenic acid 20 μm of ol/L, vitamin B12 0 μm of ol/L, Thioctic Acid 20 μm of ol/L, Pyridoxylamine (VB6) 20 μm of ol/L, folic acid 20 μm of ol/L, micro-element B220 μm of ol/L, vitamin B12 20 μm of ol/L.
Get the serum bottle of 4 groups of 250mL as sodium acetate anaerobic reactor, often organize 4, sodium acetate, anaerobism seed sludge, trace element water-soluble liquid, the VITAMIN aqueous solution is added in serum bottle, the starting point concentration of sodium acetate in serum bottle is made to be 1.64g/L, anaerobism seed sludge starting point concentration (VS) is 0.164g/L, the add-on of trace element water-soluble liquid and the VITAMIN aqueous solution is 1mL/L, then by 1mol/L HCl and 1mol/L NaOH solution regulation system pH to 7;
In the 1st group of serum bottle, air in drum argon gas emptying bottle, then with the sealing of aluminium plug, is placed in 35 DEG C of constant incubators and cultivates, as blank group;
In the 2nd group of serum bottle, add 100 object flaky graphites and make it mix with anaerobism seed sludge and sodium acetate, then rousing air in argon gas emptying bottle, with the sealing of aluminium plug, being placed in 35 DEG C of constant incubators and cultivating;
In the 3rd group of serum bottle, add 3000 object flaky graphites and make it mix with anaerobism seed sludge and sodium acetate, then rousing air in argon gas emptying bottle, with the sealing of aluminium plug, being placed in 35 DEG C of constant incubators and cultivating;
In the 4th group of serum bottle, add 325 object spherical graphites and make it mix with anaerobism seed sludge and sodium acetate, then rousing air in argon gas emptying bottle, with the sealing of aluminium plug, being placed in 35 DEG C of constant incubators and cultivating;
The gas yield (getting the mean value often organizing 4) that results of regular determination is often organized in reaction process and gaseous fraction CH 4, CO 2content (get and often organize the mean value of 4), and the concentration (getting the mean value often organizing 4) of acetic acid in results of regular determination reactor.
Fig. 1 is each group of relation curve adding up methane production and time, Fig. 2 gives the peak methane-producing rate of each group and the statistical graph of maximum acetic acid degradation rate, as can be seen from the figure, with the addition of the group of graphite compared with blank group, methane production, peak methane-producing rate and maximum acetic acid degradation rate are all significantly improved, and demonstrate graphite to CH in sodium acetate anaerobic fermentation process 4the enhancement of peak methane-producing rate and acetic acid degradation rate in cumulative production and sodium acetate anaerobic fermentation process.In addition, it can also be seen that from figure, use the group better effects if of 100 order flaky graphites.
Analyze blank group and the microflora added in the group of 100 object flaky graphites in methane phase logarithmic phase, result is as shown in table 1, can find out that the interpolation of graphite makes the dominant microflora of bacterium and ancient bacterium in anaerobic reactor change.The analytical results of bacterium is shown, the interpolation of graphite facilitates the growth of pseudomonas (Pseudomonas), galactococcus (Lactococcus) and leukonid (Trichococcus) greatly, and in blank sample, unidentified bacterium (uncultured) quantity is more.The analysis of ancient bacterium is shown, add in the reactor of graphite, the increasing number of methane thread fungus (Methanosaeta) and sarcina methanica (Methanosarcina), and methane thermophilic bacteria (Methanothermobacter) quantity reduces; And in blank group, almost there is no sarcina methanica (Methanosarcina).Methane thread fungus (Methanosaeta) and sarcina methanica (Methanosarcina) are all acetic acid nutritional type microorganisms, and acetic acid can be utilized for substrate, decompose and produce CH 4.
Table 1
Embodiment 2
Get the serum bottle of 4 groups of 250mL as Sodium Propionate anaerobic reactor, often organize 4, Sodium Propionate, anaerobism seed sludge, trace element water-soluble liquid, the VITAMIN aqueous solution is added in serum bottle, the starting point concentration of Sodium Propionate in serum bottle is made to be 1.92g/L, anaerobism seed sludge starting point concentration (VS) is 0.164g/L, the add-on of trace element water-soluble liquid and the VITAMIN aqueous solution is 1mL/L, then by 1mol/L HCl and 1mol/L NaOH solution regulation system pH to 7;
In the 1st group of serum bottle, air in drum argon gas emptying bottle, then with the sealing of aluminium plug, is placed in 35 DEG C of constant incubators and cultivates, as blank group;
In the 2nd group of serum bottle, add 100 object flaky graphites and make it mix with anaerobism seed sludge and Sodium Propionate, then rousing air in argon gas emptying bottle, with the sealing of aluminium plug, being placed in 35 DEG C of constant incubators and cultivating;
In the 3rd group of serum bottle, add 3000 object flaky graphites and make it mix with anaerobism seed sludge and Sodium Propionate, then rousing air in argon gas emptying bottle, with the sealing of aluminium plug, being placed in 35 DEG C of constant incubators and cultivating;
In the 4th group of serum bottle, add 325 object spherical graphites and make it mix with anaerobism seed sludge and Sodium Propionate, then rousing air in argon gas emptying bottle, with the sealing of aluminium plug, being placed in 35 DEG C of constant incubators and cultivating;
The gas yield (getting the mean value often organizing 4) that results of regular determination is often organized in reaction process and gaseous fraction CH 4, CO 2content (get and often organize the mean value of 4), and the concentration (getting the mean value often organizing 4) of propionic acid in results of regular determination reactor.
Known after tested, with the addition of the group of graphite compared with blank group, methane production, peak methane-producing rate and maximum propionic acid degradation speed are all significantly improved, and the interpolation of graphite can promote CH 3cH 2cOO -anaerobic methane production.Demonstrate graphite to CH in Sodium Propionate anaerobic fermentation process 4the enhancement of peak methane-producing rate and propionic acid degradation speed in cumulative production and Sodium Propionate anaerobic fermentation process.
Embodiment 3
Get the serum bottle of 4 groups of 250mL as Sodium propanecarboxylate anaerobic reactor, often organize 4, Sodium propanecarboxylate, anaerobism seed sludge, trace element water-soluble liquid, the VITAMIN aqueous solution is added in serum bottle, the starting point concentration of Sodium propanecarboxylate in serum bottle is made to be 2.2g/L, anaerobism seed sludge starting point concentration (VS) is 0.164g/L, the add-on of trace element water-soluble liquid and the VITAMIN aqueous solution is 1mL/L, then by 1mol/L HCl and 1mol/L NaOH solution regulation system pH to 7;
In the 1st group of serum bottle, air in drum argon gas emptying bottle, then with the sealing of aluminium plug, is placed in 35 DEG C of constant incubators and cultivates, as blank group;
In the 2nd group of serum bottle, add 100 object flaky graphites and make it mix with anaerobism seed sludge and Sodium propanecarboxylate, then rousing air in argon gas emptying bottle, with the sealing of aluminium plug, being placed in 35 DEG C of constant incubators and cultivating;
In the 3rd group of serum bottle, add 3000 object flaky graphites and make it mix with anaerobism seed sludge and Sodium propanecarboxylate, then rousing air in argon gas emptying bottle, with the sealing of aluminium plug, being placed in 35 DEG C of constant incubators and cultivating;
In the 4th group of serum bottle, add 325 object spherical graphites and make it mix with anaerobism seed sludge and Sodium propanecarboxylate, then rousing air in argon gas emptying bottle, with the sealing of aluminium plug, being placed in 35 DEG C of constant incubators and cultivating;
The gas yield (getting the mean value often organizing 4) that results of regular determination is often organized in reaction process and gaseous fraction CH 4, CO 2content (get and often organize the mean value of 4), and the concentration (getting the mean value often organizing 4) of butyric acid in results of regular determination reactor.
Known after tested, with the addition of the group of graphite compared with blank group, methane production, peak methane-producing rate and maximum butyric acid degradation rate are all significantly improved, and the interpolation of graphite can promote CH 3cH 2cH 2cOO -anaerobic methane production.Demonstrate graphite to CH in Sodium propanecarboxylate anaerobic fermentation process 4the enhancement of peak methane-producing rate and butyric acid degradation rate in cumulative production and Sodium propanecarboxylate anaerobic fermentation process.

Claims (7)

1. one kind is improved the method for short chain fatty acid anaerobic methane production efficiency, it is characterized in that: using graphite as additive, join in the anaerobically fermenting system of short chain fatty acid, and mix with the anaerobion in the anaerobically fermenting system of described short chain fatty acid and short chain fatty acid, anaerobion, short chain fatty acid is converted in the process of methane to make graphite, improve the activity of anaerobion and the quantity of methanogen, improve short chain fatty acid anaerobic methane production efficiency and methane production.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described short chain fatty acid is sodium acetate, Sodium Propionate or Sodium propanecarboxylate.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass ratio of short chain fatty acid that adds in the quality of graphite and the anaerobically fermenting system of short chain fatty acid be 1:1 ~ 10.
4. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the temperature of reaction of the anaerobically fermenting system of described short chain fatty acid is 30 ~ 35 DEG C.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described graphite is flaky graphite and/or spherical graphite.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described flaky graphite is 50-3000 order.
7. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described spherical graphite is 100-500 order.
CN201510030209.7A 2015-01-21 2015-01-21 Method for improving short-chain fatty acid anaerobic methanogenesis efficiency Pending CN104561114A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105755059A (en) * 2016-04-06 2016-07-13 同济大学 Method for improving synthesis concentration of carbon-chain biological extension product
CN107557395A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-01-09 厦门大学 A kind of method for improving anaerobic methane production efficiency
CN109796077A (en) * 2019-03-05 2019-05-24 广西大学 A method of enhancing anaerobic grain sludge biochemical property and raising methane production

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103773807A (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-05-07 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 Method for improving anaerobic methanogenesis efficiency by using nano magnetite

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103773807A (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-05-07 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 Method for improving anaerobic methanogenesis efficiency by using nano magnetite

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
FANGHUA LIU等: "Promoting direct interspecies electron transfer with activated carbon", 《ENERGY ENVIRON. SCI.》 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105755059A (en) * 2016-04-06 2016-07-13 同济大学 Method for improving synthesis concentration of carbon-chain biological extension product
CN107557395A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-01-09 厦门大学 A kind of method for improving anaerobic methane production efficiency
CN107557395B (en) * 2017-10-25 2020-06-09 厦门大学 Method for improving anaerobic methanogenesis efficiency
CN109796077A (en) * 2019-03-05 2019-05-24 广西大学 A method of enhancing anaerobic grain sludge biochemical property and raising methane production

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Application publication date: 20150429