CN104550209A - Biological carbon-plant joint repairing method of chlorobenzene volatile organic compound-contaminated soil - Google Patents
Biological carbon-plant joint repairing method of chlorobenzene volatile organic compound-contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biological carbon-plant joint repairing method of chlorobenzene volatile organic compound-contaminated soil, and belongs to the field of contaminated soil repairing. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adding biological carbon to chlorobenzene-contaminated soil at the mass ratio of 1%-2%, adjusting the moisture content of the soil to be 28%, and ageing for four weeks; and (2) planting ryegrass into soil to which the biological carbon is added, wherein the density is 1,000-2,000 per square meter; growing for 90 days and cutting off the over-ground part. According to the biological carbon-plant joint repairing method, volatilization of volatile organic compounds from soil to atmosphere can be effectively reduced; the risk that the volatile organic compounds enter a food chain along with food is reduced; the human exposure risk is reduced; pollutants can be thoroughly degraded; and the method is simple and convenient o operate, environment-friendly, safe, high in efficiency, and suitable for repairing of large-area volatile organic compound-contaminated soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pollution law technical field, more particularly, relate to a kind of charcoal-plant combined repairing method of chlorobenzene class VOCs-contaminated Soils.
Background technology
For many years due to the discharge of industrial or agricultural pollutant, soil contamination problem has become the global environment and social concern that the public shows great attention to.Soil persistent organic pollutant (POPs) pollution problem has become the typical environmental problem of China and has govern the development of China's economic society.Because POPs has toxicity, persistence, bioconcentration and long-distance migration (Zhu et al., 2005), P in soil OPs pollutes and not only affects quality of agricultural product, also produces threat by food chain to health.Therefore, the reparation of POPs contaminated soil has been become to the grand strategy guiding solving China's recent environmental problems.Chlorobenzene (CBs) is a kind of typical chloro POPs.CBs can by directly using, sewage irrigation, the number of ways such as atmospheric sedimentation enter soil.But because it has stronger volatility, enter the CBs after soil and again can evaporate into air and long-distance migration.It is the main abatement approach of CBs in soil that Wang & Jones (1994) research shows to volatilize, and especially low chlorobenzene class, its Henry'S coefficient is higher, and volatility is stronger.CBs evaporates into air from soil, not only causes global atmosphere pollution, strengthens and repair difficulty, and cause the mankind to be directly exposed in CBs atmosphere pollution, serious threat health.In addition, the hydrolysis of CBs and light degradation are very limited, and microbial degradation is its main degradation pathway.We know, soil has abundant microbial resources, and some microorganism by nature mutation, or progressively changes self to conform by forming induced enzyme, by CBs degraded or can transform (Wu et al., 2002).In addition, rhizosphere micro-region is part most active in soil, is the most important medium that organic pollution is cut down fast.Root exudates can improve the activity of edaphon, can improve the biological effectiveness of POPs in soil.
Although the phytoremediation for organic pollution has Patents report, as patent application 200910184200.6, 200610037639.2, Phytoremediation and rhizoremediation of organic soil contaminants (Gerhardt, K.E., Huang, X.-D., Glick, B.R., Greenberg, B.M., 2009.:Potential and challenges.Plant Science176, 20-30. etc., but these researchs are all based on the low persistent organic pollution of volatility, completely different from volatile organic contaminant character, and the mechanism of ammonium fixation do not related to volatile organic contaminant, simultaneously, the repairing research of relevant high volatile volatile organic material contaminated soil mainly stresses at present at thermal desorption, in the research of the materialization reclamation activities such as hot extracting, as patent application 201320237148.8, biological prosthetic measure is substantially blank, materialization reclamation activities destructible soil texture, with high costs.On the contrary, phytoremediation is with low cost, owing to being repair in position, can realizing production limit, limit and repair.As previously mentioned, although utilize phytoremediation such as rye grass to have been reported (as Dissipation of 3-6-ring polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons in the rhizosphere of ryegrass.P.Binet in degraded Unvolatilized organic pollutant, J.M.Portal, C.Leyval.Soil Biology & Biochemistry 32 (2000) 2011-2017.), but integrated retrieval domestic and foreign literature, to high volatile volatile organic pollution in soil fixing-degradation mechanism also do not have report, also the high volatile volatile organic pollution that report utilizes rye grass to degrade in soil is had no, can be important also not studied problem by the degraded of rye grass rhizosphere after volatile organic contaminant is fixed in soil.
Summary of the invention
1. invent the technical problem that will solve
For existing by Problems existing in the reparation of chlorobenzene contaminated soil, the invention provides a kind of charcoal-plant combined repairing method of chlorobenzene class VOCs-contaminated Soils, with volatile organic contaminant in charcoal absorption fixing soil, the microbial activity in rhizospheric environment is improved by planting plants, ADSORPTION STATE pollutant is progressively discharged by root growth effect and root exudates, degradation of contaminant, volatile organic contaminant can be reduced by the volatilization of soil to air, the degraded of volatile organic matter in reinforced soil, realize the biology in situ reparation of VOCs-contaminated Soils, to reach both decreasing pollution thing volatilizations, reduce it with food chain enrichment, again can the object of safe and efficient degradation of contaminant.
2. technical scheme
Principle of the present invention: the Research Thinking of " fixing-degraded " two-step method solves the reparation problem of volatile organic contaminant contaminated soil.The measure of this " fixing-degraded " is charcoal-plant combined recovery technique, first the function of the remittance of soil-charcoal is played, allow volatile contaminant more be absorbed and fixed in soil, reduce its pollution to air, reduce the risk that it moves with food chain, and then volatile organic contaminant is thoroughly degraded by the degradation function playing edaphon and plant rhizosphere simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Charcoal-plant combined repairing method of chlorobenzene class VOCs-contaminated Soils, comprises the steps:
Step one, be that the ratio of 1%-2% adds charcoal with mass ratio in chlorobenzene contaminated soil, regulate soil moisture content to 28%, and aging 4 weeks;
Step 2, in the soil that with the addition of charcoal, plant rye grass (Lolium multiflorum Lam), density is every square metre of 1000-2000 strain, grows and cuts off aerial part in 90 days.
Further, the chlorobenzene described in step one is trichloro-benzenes, tetrachlorobenzene or pentachlorobenzene.
Further, the preparation method of charcoal described in step one is: first stalk be cut into broken section and at 80 DEG C, dry 12h to dry, then be transferred in heating furnace and carbonize, initial furnace temperature 200 DEG C, temperature programming to 300 DEG C then to 500 DEG C also keeps 1.5h, naturally grinding after cooling, and cross 0.25mm sieve and obtain.
Further, step 2 is before plantation rye grass, the process of seed demand process is: select full complete ryegrass seed 3% hydrogenperoxide steam generator disinfection 30min, deionized water rinsing is totally placed in beaker and soaks 24h, and rear being directly seeded in the addition of in the chlorobenzene contaminated soil of charcoal.
Further, step 2, after plantation rye grass, keeps soil maximum to add about 70% of water-holding capacity.
3. beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with existing prior art, there is following remarkable result:
(1) charcoal-plant combined repairing method of a kind of chlorobenzene class VOCs-contaminated Soils of the present invention, can effectively decreasing pollution thing by soil to the volatilization in air, reduce it enters food chain risk with plant, reduce Human body package risk in air, after repairing, volatile organic contaminant reduces 70%-95% by soil to the volatilization in air, biological concentration reduces 95%, pollutant original position thoroughly can be degraded, degradation rate can reach 30%-60%, this technology not spoiled soil structure simultaneously, can realize production limit, limit and repair.
(2) method of the present invention, easy and simple to handle, with low cost, environmental friendliness, safe and efficient, adding charcoal in soil can also improve soil, builds up fertility, and the present invention is also applicable to the reparation of other volatile organic contaminant contaminated soil.
The present invention is that VOCs-contaminated Soils reparation provides a kind of environmental protection, safely and efficiently reclamation activities
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the volatile quantity whether charcoal adds trichloro-benzenes in soil;
Fig. 2 is the degradation rate whether rye grass plants trichloro-benzenes in soil;
Fig. 3 is the volatile quantity whether charcoal adds tetrachlorobenzene in soil;
Fig. 4 is the degradation rate whether rye grass plants tetrachlorobenzene in soil;
Fig. 5 is the volatile quantity whether charcoal adds pentachlorobenzene in soil;
Fig. 6 is the degradation rate whether rye grass plants pentachlorobenzene in soil;
Fig. 7 is trichloro-benzenes volatilization slip in soil in the field process adding charcoal;
Fig. 8 be add charcoal field process in earthworm to the enrichment slip of trichloro-benzenes;
Fig. 9 is the degradation rate whether rye grass plants trichloro-benzenes in soil in the process of field.
Detailed description of the invention
For understanding content of the present invention further, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment 1
First prepare charcoal, wheat stalk be cut into broken section and at 80 DEG C, dry 12h to dry, being then transferred in heating furnace and carbonizing, initial furnace temperature 200 DEG C, temperature programming to 300 DEG C then to 500 DEG C also keeps 1.5h, grinding after cooling naturally, and crosses 0.25mm sieve and obtain.By the charcoal of preparation respectively with account for 1% of soil dry weight and the addition of 2% join 300g1,2,4-trichloro-benzenes concentration is 7 μ g g
-1contaminated soil in, fully stir and evenly mix, be then transferred in 1-L wide-mouth bottle, regulate soil moisture content be 28%, compacting soil to density is 1.3g cm
-3, by the rubber stopper seal with air inlet and gas outlet, at 25 DEG C, lucifuge is cultivated.Not add the process of charcoal for contrast.Ventilating with airtight capturing device weekly of cultivating, and the trichloro-benzenes volatilized is trapped with n-hexane, after cultivating 4 weeks, as shown in Figure 1, the volatilization loss of adding trichloro-benzenes in the process of charcoal decreases 94.52% and 95.50% respectively than the contrast do not added, and significantly suppress trichloro-benzenes by soil to the volatilization in air.And then, with the addition of charcoal and in above-mentioned soil after aging 4 weeks directly sowing plantation through sterilization, the ryegrass seed that soaks, do not plant the process of rye grass for contrast only to add charcoal simultaneously, keep about 70% of soil maximum field capacity, regularly water, grow after 90 days, harvesting rye grass, gather pedotheque with earth boring auger, n-hexane-accelerated solvent extraction analyzes the content of trichloro-benzenes in soil, and calculates the degradation rate of trichloro-benzenes in soil according to initial concentration.As shown in Figure 2, when not planting rye grass, the degradation rate adding trichloro-benzenes in the soil of charcoal process is very low, and after having planted rye grass, the cultivation of 90 days can make the degradation rate of trichloro-benzenes in soil reach 49.02%-62.53%, be significantly higher than the process of not planting rye grass, illustrate that plantation rye grass facilitates the degraded of trichloro-benzenes in soil.
Embodiment 2
Prepare charcoal according to embodiment 1, then by charcoal respectively with account for 1% of soil dry weight and the addition of 2% to join 300g 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene concentration be 1 μ g g
-1contaminated soil in, fully stir and evenly mix, be then transferred in 1-L wide-mouth bottle, regulate soil moisture content be 28%, compacting soil to density is 1.3g cm
-3, by the rubber stopper seal with air inlet and gas outlet, at 25 DEG C, lucifuge is cultivated.Not add the process of charcoal for contrast.Ventilating with airtight capturing device weekly of cultivating, and the tetrachlorobenzene volatilized is trapped with n-hexane, after cultivating 4 weeks, as shown in Figure 3, the volatilization loss of adding tetrachlorobenzene in the process of charcoal decreases 81.26% and 85.42% respectively than the contrast do not added, and significantly suppress tetrachlorobenzene by soil to the volatilization in air.And then, with the addition of charcoal and in above-mentioned soil after aging 4 weeks directly sowing plantation through sterilization, the ryegrass seed that soaks, do not plant the process of rye grass for contrast only to add charcoal simultaneously, keep about 70% of soil maximum field capacity, regularly water, grow after 90 days, harvesting rye grass, gather pedotheque with earth boring auger, n-hexane-accelerated solvent extraction analyzes the content of tetrachlorobenzene in soil, and calculates the degradation rate of tetrachlorobenzene in soil according to initial concentration.As shown in Figure 4, when not planting rye grass, the degradation rate adding tetrachlorobenzene in the soil of charcoal process is very low, and after having planted rye grass, the cultivation of 90 days can make the degradation rate of tetrachlorobenzene in soil reach 35.67%-52.29%, be significantly higher than the process of not planting rye grass, illustrate that plantation rye grass facilitates the degraded of tetrachlorobenzene in soil.
Embodiment 3
Prepare charcoal according to embodiment 1, then by charcoal respectively with account for 1% of soil dry weight and the addition of 2% to join 300g pentachlorobenzene concentration be 1 μ g g
-1contaminated soil in, fully stir and evenly mix, be then transferred in 1-L wide-mouth bottle, regulate soil moisture content be 28%, compacting soil to density is 1.3g cm
-3, by the rubber stopper seal with air inlet and gas outlet, at 25 DEG C, lucifuge is cultivated.Not add the process of charcoal for contrast.Ventilating with airtight capturing device weekly of cultivating, and the pentachlorobenzene volatilized is trapped with n-hexane, after cultivating 4 weeks, as shown in Figure 5, the volatilization loss of adding pentachlorobenzene in the process of charcoal decreases 78.57% and 84.43% respectively than the contrast do not added, and significantly suppress pentachlorobenzene by soil to the volatilization in air.And then, with the addition of charcoal and in above-mentioned soil after aging 4 weeks directly sowing plantation through sterilization, the ryegrass seed that soaks, do not plant the process of rye grass for contrast only to add charcoal simultaneously, keep about 70% of soil maximum field capacity, regularly water, grow after 90 days, harvesting rye grass, gather pedotheque with earth boring auger, n-hexane-accelerated solvent extraction analyzes the content of trichloro-benzenes in soil, and calculates the degradation rate of pentachlorobenzene in soil according to initial concentration.As shown in Figure 6, when not planting rye grass, the degradation rate adding pentachlorobenzene in the soil of charcoal process is very low, and after having planted rye grass, the cultivation of 90 days can make the degradation rate of pentachlorobenzene in soil reach 32.48%-49.11%, be significantly higher than the process of not planting rye grass, illustrate that plantation rye grass facilitates the degraded of pentachlorobenzene in soil.
Can be found by above three embodiments, by adding the associating measure of charcoal-plantation rye grass two steps, effectively can suppress the volatilization of chlorobenzene in soil, effectively promote the degraded of chlorobenzene in soil, thus reach and not only reduce atmosphere pollution, but also be beneficial to the object of soil remediation.And the method is a kind of environmental protection, do not produce the environmentally friendly bioremediation technology of secondary pollution; And also can be found by embodiment, to the compound (trichloro-benzenes volatility > tetrachlorobenzene > pentachlorobenzene) of high volatility, the method suppresses the effect of its volatilization loss better, therefore, the method wide application, also can be used for the soil remediation of the stronger organic pollution of other volatility.
Embodiment 4
In the field field soil that monochloro-benzene pollutes, setting field plot experiment, calculate with upper soll layer 20cm, by charcoal respectively with account for 1% of soil dry weight and the addition of 2% join in soil, thoroughly turn over, make charcoal and chlorobenzene contaminated soil fully mix and flatten soil.In the soil of each community, add earthworm 50, management water consumpation, makes soil moisture content be 28%, adopts air sampler at soil surface layer periodic sampling, the chlorobenzene that n-hexane is caught.After monitoring 4 weeks, as shown in Figure 7, the volatilization loss of adding trichloro-benzenes in the process of charcoal decreases 75% and 82% respectively than the contrast do not added, and significantly suppress chlorobenzene by soil to the volatilization in air.Collect earthworm in soil, analyze its enrichment to chlorobenzene, can find, as shown in Figure 8, after interpolation charcoal, earthworm decreases 95% and 96% respectively to the enrichment of trichloro-benzenes, explanation, adding charcoal not only inhibits trichloro-benzenes by the volatilization of soil to air, inhibits it by soil to the migration in soil animal simultaneously, achieves immobilization.And then, in above-mentioned soil, directly the ryegrass seed of sterilization, immersion has been passed through in sowing plantation, simultaneously not plant the process of rye grass for contrast, keep about 70% of soil maximum field capacity, regularly irrigate, grow after 90 days, harvesting rye grass, gather pedotheque with earth boring auger, n-hexane-accelerated solvent extraction analyzes the content of chlorobenzene in soil, and calculates the degradation rate of chlorobenzene in soil according to initial concentration.As shown in Figure 9, planted rye grass after 90 days, the cultivation that in soil, the degradation rate of trichloro-benzenes can reach can reach 41.12%-53.03%, is significantly higher than the process of not planting rye grass, illustrates that plantation rye grass facilitates the degraded of trichloro-benzenes in soil.This embodiment illustrates, in the wild under field condition, " fixing-degraded " two-step method reclamation activities can suppress the volatilization of volatile organic contaminant very efficiently, and promoting that it is degraded, is a kind of very effective reclamation activities.
Claims (5)
1. charcoal-plant combined repairing method of chlorobenzene class VOCs-contaminated Soils, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step one, be that the ratio of 1%-2% adds charcoal with mass ratio in chlorobenzene contaminated soil, regulate soil moisture content to 28%, and aging 4 weeks;
Step 2, in the soil that with the addition of charcoal, plant rye grass, density is every square metre of 1000-2000 strain, grows and cuts off aerial part in 90 days.
2. charcoal-the plant combined repairing method of a kind of chlorobenzene class VOCs-contaminated Soils according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the chlorobenzene described in step one is trichloro-benzenes, tetrachlorobenzene or pentachlorobenzene.
3. charcoal-the plant combined repairing method of a kind of chlorobenzene class VOCs-contaminated Soils according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described in step one, charcoal preparation method is: first stalk be cut into broken section and at 80 DEG C, dry 12h to dry, then be transferred in heating furnace and carbonize, initial furnace temperature 200 DEG C, temperature programming to 300 DEG C then to 500 DEG C also keeps 1.5h, grinding after cooling naturally, and crosses 0.25mm sieve and obtain.
4. charcoal-the plant combined repairing method of a kind of chlorobenzene class VOCs-contaminated Soils according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, step 2 is before plantation rye grass, the process of seed demand process is: select full complete ryegrass seed concentration of volume percent to be 3% hydrogenperoxide steam generator disinfection 30min, deionized water rinsing is totally placed in beaker and soaks 24h by deionized water, and rear being directly seeded in the addition of in the chlorobenzene contaminated soil of charcoal.
5. charcoal-the plant combined repairing method of a kind of chlorobenzene class VOCs-contaminated Soils according to any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, step 2, after plantation rye grass, keeps about 70% of maxmun field capacity.
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| CN107282630A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-10-24 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of method of Chlorobenzene compounds in electrode stimulating microbial degradation soil |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105127187A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-09 | 河南行知专利服务有限公司 | Method for animal and plant-biochar synergistically restoring of petroleum-heavy metal polluted soil |
| CN107282630A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-10-24 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of method of Chlorobenzene compounds in electrode stimulating microbial degradation soil |
| CN107282630B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-11-12 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of method of Chlorobenzene compounds in electrode stimulating microbial degradation soil |
| CN109127716A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-04 | 青岛农业大学 | Apply the method that biomass carbon joint hydrogen peroxide repairs thermal power plant's contaminated soil |
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| CN113714272A (en) * | 2020-05-24 | 2021-11-30 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Soil layer volatile organic compound multi-stage inoculation microorganism regulation and control method |
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