CN104542887B - Pneumatic type Eriocheir sinensis foot separating shell and meat device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of pneumatic type Eriocheir sinensis foot separating shell and meat device, belong to fishery machinery field.A kind of pneumatic type Eriocheir sinensis foot separating shell and meat device, uses atmospheric control, including workbench and the feed mechanism fixed on the table and pressing mechanism；Feed mechanism includes belt conveyer and feeding funnel；Pressing mechanism mainly includes upper and lower roller bearing；Eriocheir sinensis foot to be processed enters belt conveyer from feeding funnel, is transferred into pressing mechanism afterwards, by the extruding of upper and lower roller bearing, it is achieved the separation of Eriocheir sinensis foot shell meat.The automaticity of the present invention is high, greatly reduces the labor intensity of workman during Eriocheir sinensis foot shell meat, is applicable to the Eriocheir sinensis foot of various sizes, improves production efficiency and economic benefit.

Description

Pneumatic crab leg shell meat separation device

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of fishery machinery, in particular to a pneumatic crab leg shell meat separation device.

Background technique

Crabs are deeply loved by consumers because they are rich in protein and trace elements and delicious in taste. At present, my country's crab products are still mainly sold fresh and live, and the main sales are individuals with a weight of more than two taels. The market demand for individuals with a weight of less than two taels is not strong, and the price is very low. At present, low-value and small-sized crabs are mostly deep-processed, and the crab meat is processed into crab powder and other storable food. As an intermediate material, this can not only increase the utilization value of low-value and small-sized crabs, but also greatly improve the quality of crab breeding. overall economic benefit.

At present, the flesh and bone separation of crabs is mostly done manually. The main method is to squeeze and scrape the cleaned and cooked crabs with knives, scissors, spoons, tweezers and other small tools. Using this method not only has high manual labor intensity and low processing efficiency, but also causes product pollution and affects the quality and safety of food. Patent 201210232757.4 proposes a mechanical shell-meat separation method for different body parts of river crabs, such as crab body and crab legs. It cannot be completed automatically, and crab legs of different specifications correspond to different sizes and thicknesses. Therefore, different equipment needs to be used to adapt to different crab leg sizes, which increases the processing cost.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a pneumatic crab leg shell meat separation device, which is simple and reasonable in operation and high in production efficiency.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

A pneumatic crab leg shell meat separation device is characterized in that it includes a workbench and a feeding mechanism and an extruding mechanism fixed on the workbench;

The front and rear ends of the workbench are respectively provided with front and rear supports, and the front and rear supports are composed of two left and right symmetrical vertical plates. directly below the pressing mechanism;

The feeding mechanism includes a driving roller and a feeding hopper fixed on the front support, a passive roller fixed on the rear support, a conveyor belt sleeved on the main and passive rollers, and a transmission motor that drives the driving roller to rotate The upper surface of the conveyor belt is horizontal and conveys from front to back along the worktable; the feeding hopper is suspended above the front end of the conveyor belt, and the width of the bottom is the same as that of the conveyor belt;

The extrusion mechanism includes the upper and lower rollers installed on the rear support, the upper and lower extrusion motors that respectively drive the upper and lower rollers to roll, the horizontal plate, and the front and rear sides of the lower roller respectively. The front and rear scrapers are downwardly inclined; the upper and lower rollers are located behind the conveyor belt, and are symmetrically distributed up and down with the upper surface of the conveyor belt as a symmetrical plane, and the lower rollers can be adjusted up and down in the vertical direction; the horizontal The front end of the plate abuts against the rear end of the conveyor belt, and extends horizontally backward to the position 5-10mm in front of the center plane of the upper and lower rollers; the upper and lower extrusion motors respectively drive the upper and lower rollers to engage backwards direction rotation; the rear end of the front scraper is tangent to the lower roller.

Wherein, the conveyor belt is provided with several parallel grooves with a width of 8-15mm and a depth of 5-10mm at equal intervals along its conveying direction.

Wherein, the horizontal plate is provided with grooves corresponding to the parallel grooves.

Wherein, the bottom end of the rear side of the feeding hopper horizontally protrudes a flat plate backward, and several rows of combing teeth are arranged at equal intervals on the lower surface of the flat plate. The surface is 1-4mm.

Wherein, the combing teeth of the front and rear adjacent rows are staggered, and the interval between the left and right adjacent combing teeth is 40-50mm.

Wherein, the surfaces of the upper and lower rollers are provided with patterns.

Wherein, the extrusion mechanism also includes a bracket connected to both ends of the lower roller and a pneumatic cylinder connected to the bracket; the bracket is composed of a horizontal rod and a vertical rod connected vertically to the two ends of the horizontal rod, The top of a vertical rod is connected with the two ends of the lower roller, so that the lower roller is suspended above the horizontal rod; the telescopic end of the pneumatic cylinder is connected with the horizontal rod; the pneumatic cylinder drives the lower roller along the vertical direction to move up and down.

The device adopts an electrical control system, which includes a motor, an air pump, a transport motor, a first electromagnetic reversing valve, an upper and lower extruding motor, a second electromagnetic reversing valve, a normally open electromagnetic overflow valve, a second electromagnetic reversing valve, Three electromagnetic reversing valves, pressure relays, pneumatic cylinders and air filters;

The first electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the conveying motor for controlling the operation of the conveying motor; the second electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the upper and lower extruding motors for controlling the operation of the upper and lower extruding motors; The third electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the pneumatic cylinder through the pressure relay, and is used to control the operation of the pneumatic cylinder;

The power source composed of the motor and the air pump, the motor is used to control the operation of the air pump; the output end of the air pump is respectively connected to the first electromagnetic reversing valve, the second electromagnetic reversing valve, the third electromagnetic reversing valve and the normally open electromagnetic overflow One end of the flow valve is connected; the other end of the normally open electromagnetic overflow valve is respectively connected with the first electromagnetic reversing valve, the second electromagnetic reversing valve and the outside air, and the input end of the air pump is connected with the outside air after passing through the air filter. .

Wherein, a speed regulating valve is connected in series between the second electromagnetic reversing valve and the extruding motor.

Wherein, the electrical control system further includes an overflow valve and an accumulator; the accumulator is respectively connected with the pneumatic cylinder and one end of the overflow valve, and the other end of the overflow valve is communicated with air.

The invention has the beneficial effects of high degree of automation, greatly reducing the labor intensity of workers in the crab leg shell meat process, being applicable to crab legs of various sizes, and improving production efficiency and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the feeding hopper in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the electrical control system of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , a pneumatic crab leg shell meat separation device includes a workbench 10 and a feeding mechanism 20 and an extruding mechanism 30 fixed on the workbench 10 .

The front and rear supports 11 and 12 are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the workbench 10. The front and rear supports 11 and 12 are composed of two left and right symmetrical vertical plates. The rear end of the workbench 10 has a long groove. The long groove is located directly below the extruding mechanism 30;.

Feeding mechanism 20 comprises the driving roller 21 and feed hopper 25 that are fixed on the front support 11, the passive roller 23 that is fixed on the rear support 12, the conveyer belt 24 that is enclosed within on the main and passive roller 21,23, and The transmission motor 22 that drives the driving roller 21 to rotate. The upper surface of the conveyer belt 24 is horizontal and conveys along the workbench 10 from front to back. The feeding hopper 25 is suspended above the front end of the conveyor belt 24 , and the width of its bottom is the same as that of the conveyor belt 24 .

The extruding mechanism 30 includes upper and lower rollers 31 and 32 installed on the rear support 12, upper and lower extruding motors 33 and 34 that drive the upper and lower rollers 31 and 32 to roll respectively, cross plates 37, and respectively The front and rear scrapers 35, 36 that are arranged on the front and rear sides of the lower roller 32 are inclined downward from front to back. The upper and lower rollers 31 and 32 are located at the rear of the conveyor belt 24, and are symmetrically distributed up and down with the upper surface of the conveyor belt 24 as a plane of symmetry, and the lower roller 32 can be adjusted up and down in the vertical direction. The front end of the horizontal plate 37 abuts against the rear end of the conveyor belt 24, and extends horizontally rearward to 5-10 mm before the center planes of the upper and lower rollers 31 and 32. The upper and lower pressing motors 33 and 34 respectively drive the upper and lower rollers 31 and 32 to rotate in the backward engaging direction. The rear end of the front scraper 35 is tangent to the lower roller shaft 32 .

Before the device is used, a storage box is respectively placed under the rear scraper 36 and the long groove, which are respectively used to collect crab shells and crab meat. During use, the crab legs drop onto the conveyor belt 24 from the feeding hopper 25, and the transmission motor 22 drives the driving roller 21 to rotate, and then drives the conveyor belt 24 to advance toward the horizontal plate 37, so that the crab legs are transported toward the horizontal plate 37. Since the crab legs are continuously transported towards the horizontal plate 37, the crab legs at the back will push the front crab legs to move between the upper and lower rollers 31 and 32, and the upper and lower extrusion motors 33 and 34 drive the upper and lower rollers respectively. The rollers 31 and 32 rotate along the backward meshing direction, and the crab legs are under the extrusion force of the upper and lower rollers 31 and 32, and the crab meat is squeezed out of the crab shell, and then the crab shell falls to the rear scraper 36 and fall into the storage box along the inclination direction of the rear scraper 36, while the crab meat is attached to the lower roller 32 and rolled to the front scraper 35 after being scraped off by the front scraper 35. The crabmeat falls from the long groove on the workbench 1 to another storage box, so as to achieve the purpose of separating the crab shell and the crabmeat.

The crabmeat on the lower roller 32 is basically all scraped off after the rear scraper 36, and falls along the inclination direction of the rear scraper 36, and the lower roller 32 is further scraped clean after the front scraper 35.

In order to prevent the crab legs from falling or being arranged unevenly during the transmission process, the conveyor belt 24 is provided with several parallel grooves with a width of 8-15mm and a depth of 5-10mm at equal intervals along its transmission direction. The horizontal plate 37 is provided with grooves corresponding to the parallel grooves. Make the crab leg rows neatly enter between the upper and lower rollers 31 and 32, improve the efficiency of separating the shell and meat.

As shown in Figure 3, the bottom of the rear side of the feeding hopper 25 is horizontally protruding out a flat plate 26, and the lower surface of the flat plate 26 is equidistantly provided with several rows of combing teeth 27, and the bottom of the combing teeth 27 is at a distance from the belt conveyor. The upper surface of the device is 1-4mm. The two rows of combing teeth 27 adjacent to each other are distributed in a staggered manner, and the interval between the adjacent combing teeth 27 on the left and right is 40-50 mm. It is used to comb the crab legs falling from the feeding hopper 25 to the groove of the conveyor belt 24, so that the crab legs can quickly enter the groove of the conveyor belt 24.

The surfaces of the upper and lower rollers 31 and 32 are provided with patterns, and the patterns can be striped or netted. Effectively increase the frictional force between the upper and lower rollers 31 and 32, and reduce the residual crab meat on the shell.

The extruding mechanism 30 also includes a bracket 39 connected to both ends of the lower roller 32 and a pneumatic cylinder 38 connected to the bracket 39 . Support 39 is made up of horizontal bar and the vertical bar that links to each other vertically with the two ends of horizontal bar respectively, and the top of two vertical bars links to each other with the two ends of lower roller 32, makes lower roller 32 suspended above the horizontal bar. The telescoping end of pneumatic cylinder 38 links to each other with horizontal bar. The pneumatic cylinder 38 drives the lower roller 32 to move up and down in the vertical direction through the support 39, and is used to adjust the gap between the upper and lower rollers 31 and 32, so that the device is suitable for crab legs of various sizes.

Aforesaid pneumatic type crab leg meat separation device, as shown in Figure 4, electrical control system comprises motor 51, air pump 52, transport motor 22, the first electromagnetic reversing valve 53, upper and lower extruding motors 33 and 34, the second Electromagnetic reversing valve 54 , normally open electromagnetic overflow valve 56 , third electromagnetic reversing valve 55 , pressure switch 57 , pneumatic cylinder 38 and air filter 58 .

The first electromagnetic reversing valve 53 is connected with the transport motor 22 and is used to control the operation of the transport motor 22 . The second electromagnetic reversing valve 54 is connected with the upper and lower extrusion motors 33 and 34 for controlling the operation of the upper and lower extrusion motors 33 and 34 . The third electromagnetic reversing valve 55 is connected with the pneumatic cylinder 38 through the pressure relay 57 for controlling the operation of the pneumatic cylinder 38 .

A power source composed of a motor 51 and an air pump 52, the motor 51 is used to control the operation of the air pump 52. The output end of the air pump 52 is respectively connected with one end of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 53 , the second electromagnetic reversing valve 54 , the third electromagnetic reversing valve 55 and the normally open electromagnetic overflow valve 56 . The other end of the normally open electromagnetic overflow valve 56 is connected with the first electromagnetic reversing valve 53 , the second electromagnetic reversing valve 54 and the outside air respectively, and the input end of the air pump 52 is communicated with the outside air after passing through the air filter 58 .

A speed regulating valve 41 is connected in series between the second electromagnetic reversing valve 54 and the extruding motors 33 and 34 for adjusting the rotational speed of the extruding motors 33 and 34 .

The electrical control system also includes an overflow valve 61 and an accumulator 62, the accumulator 62 is connected to the pneumatic cylinder 38 and one end of the overflow valve 61 respectively, and the other end of the overflow valve 61 is communicated with air. The accumulator 62 can better maintain the constant pressure of the pneumatic cylinder 38, reduce pressure fluctuations when the piston stroke of the pneumatic cylinder 38 changes, and keep a constant gap between the upper and lower rollers 31 and 32, thereby making the upper and lower The rollers 31 and 32 generate a constant extrusion force, and also have a pressure maintaining function to prevent frequent starting of the motor 51 and the air pump 52 to inflate.

In the electrical control system, the normally open electromagnetic overflow valve 56 and the first, second and third electromagnetic reversing valves 53, 54 and 55 operate in linkage. After the motor 51 is started, the motor 51 drives the air pump 52 to work. When the first, second and third electromagnetic reversing valves 53, 54 and 55 are not energized, the normally open electromagnetic overflow valve 56 is also not energized. The open state communicates with the outside air, and the air pump 52 is in a zero-pressure standby state at this time. When any one of the first, second, and third electromagnetic reversing valves 53, 54, and 55 is energized, the normally open electromagnetic overflow valve 56 is energized and closed. At this time, the pressure of the air pump 52 rises and is in a working state. The working pressure is controlled by a normally open electromagnetic overflow valve 56 .

When the first electromagnetic reversing valve 53 control button is pressed, the first electromagnetic reversing valve 53 and the normally open electromagnetic overflow valve 56 are energized, the transport motor 8 rotates, and the conveyor belt 24 is driven to rotate, and the crab legs are transported from front to back , Between the lower rollers 31 and 32.

When the second electromagnetic reversing valve 54 control button is pressed, the second electromagnetic reversing valve 54 is energized, and the upper and lower extrusion motors 33 and 34 rotate, driving the upper and lower rollers 31 and 32 to rotate, and the crab legs are extruded , to realize the separation of shell and meat of crab legs. And the rotation speed of the upper and lower rollers 31 and 32 can be adjusted by the speed regulating valve 41 .

The device uses an electrical control system, which greatly improves the automation of crab leg shell meat separation, greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers, and reduces processing costs.

Claims (8)

1. a pneumatic type Eriocheir sinensis foot separating shell and meat device, it is characterised in that include workbench (10) and consolidate The feed mechanism (20) being scheduled on workbench (10) and pressing mechanism (30)；

Be respectively arranged at two ends with forward and backward bearing (11,12) before and after described workbench (10), described before, Rear support (11,12) is formed by two pieces of symmetrical risers, and the rear end of workbench (10) has Elongated slot, this elongated slot is positioned at the underface of pressing mechanism (30)；

Described feed mechanism (20) includes the active roller bearing (21) being fixed on front bearing (11) and send Hopper (25), the passive roller bearing (23) being fixed on rear support (12), it is enclosed within active and passive roller bearing Conveyer belt (24) on (21,23), and drive the transmission motor (22) that actively roller bearing (21) rotates； The upper surface of described conveyer belt (24) is level, transmits after certainly going to along workbench (10)；Described send Hopper (25) is suspended on the top of conveyer belt (24) front end, the width bottom it and conveyer belt (24) Width identical；

Described pressing mechanism (30) includes the upper and lower roller bearing (31,32) being arranged on rear support (12), Drive the upper and lower extruding motor (33,34) that upper and lower roller bearing (31,32) rolls respectively, transverse slat (37), And be respectively arranged at both sides are the most downward-sloping after going to before and after lower roller bearing (32) forward and backward scraper plate (35, 36)；Described upper and lower roller bearing (31,32) is positioned at the rear of conveyer belt (24), and with conveyer belt (24) Upper surface be the plane of symmetry in the most symmetrical, lower roller bearing (32) can lower regulation in the vertical direction； The front end of described transverse slat (37) is connected to the rear end of conveyer belt (24), and level extend back supreme, Before lower roller bearing (31,32) median plane position at 5-10mm；Described upper and lower extruding motor (33, 34) upper and lower roller bearing (31,32) is driven to rotate along engagement direction backward respectively；Described front scrapping plate (35) Rear end tangent with lower roller bearing (32)；

Described pressing mechanism (30) also include the support (39) that is connected with the two ends of lower roller bearing (32) with And the pneumatic linear actuator (38) being connected with support (39)；Described support (39) by horizon bar and respectively with water The vertical bar composition that the two ends of flat bar are vertically connected, the top of two vertical bars and the two of lower roller bearing (32) End is connected, and makes lower roller bearing (32) be suspended on the top of horizon bar；The telescopic end of described pneumatic linear actuator (38) It is connected with horizon bar；Described pneumatic linear actuator (38) drives lower roller bearing (32) along vertical by support (39) Direction moves up and down；

This pneumatic type Eriocheir sinensis foot separating shell and meat device uses electric control system, and described electric control system includes Motor (51), air pump (52), transport motor (22), the first solenoid directional control valve (53), extruding Motor (33,34), the second solenoid directional control valve (54), electromagnetic relief valve open in usual (56), the 3rd Solenoid directional control valve (55), pressure switch (57), pneumatic linear actuator (38) and air filter (58)；

Described first solenoid directional control valve (53) is connected with transport motor (22), is used for controlling to transport motor (22) operation；Described second solenoid directional control valve (54) is connected with extruding motor (33,34), uses In the operation controlling extruding motor (33,34)；Described 3rd solenoid directional control valve (55) is through pressure relay Device (57) is connected with pneumatic linear actuator (38) afterwards, is used for controlling the operation of pneumatic linear actuator (38)；

The power source that described motor (51) and air pump (52) form, motor (51) is used for controlling air pump (52) operation；The outfan of air pump (52) respectively with the first solenoid directional control valve (53), second electricity Magnetic reversal valve (54), the 3rd solenoid directional control valve (55) and one end of electromagnetic relief valve open in usual (56) It is connected；The other end of electromagnetic relief valve open in usual (56) respectively with the first solenoid directional control valve (53), Two solenoid directional control valves (54) are connected with outside air, and the input of air pump (52) is through air filter (58) Communicate with outside air afterwards.

Pneumatic type Eriocheir sinensis foot separating shell and meat device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Conveyer belt (24) along its direction of transfer be provided with at equal intervals some width be 8-15mm, the degree of depth be 5-10mm Groove arranged side by side.

Pneumatic type Eriocheir sinensis foot separating shell and meat device the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described Transverse slat (37) is provided with the groove corresponding with groove arranged side by side.

Pneumatic type Eriocheir sinensis foot separating shell and meat device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described The lower horizontal of the trailing flank of feeding funnel (25) protrudes out one flat plate (26), described flat board (26) backward Lower surface first-class be interval with some row'ss combing tooth (27), the bottom distance of described combing tooth (27) The upper surface of belt conveyer is 1-4mm.

Pneumatic type Eriocheir sinensis foot separating shell and meat device the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that front and back The combing tooth (27) of adjacent two rows is interspersed, the interval between the combing tooth (27) that left and right is adjacent For 40-50mm.

Pneumatic type Eriocheir sinensis foot separating shell and meat device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described The surface of upper and lower roller bearing (31,32) is provided with decorative pattern.

Pneumatic type Eriocheir sinensis foot separating shell and meat device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Flow speed control valve (41) also it is in series with between second solenoid directional control valve (54) and extruding motor (33,34).

Pneumatic type Eriocheir sinensis foot separating shell and meat device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Electric control system also includes overflow valve (61) and accumulator (62)；Described accumulator (62) is respectively It is connected with one end of pneumatic linear actuator (38) and overflow valve (61), the other end of overflow valve (61) and air Communicate.