CN104541053A - Hydrostatic axial piston machine with adjustable swash plate or pivot cradle, and pivot cradle - Google Patents
Hydrostatic axial piston machine with adjustable swash plate or pivot cradle, and pivot cradle Download PDFInfo
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- CN104541053A CN104541053A CN201380044108.4A CN201380044108A CN104541053A CN 104541053 A CN104541053 A CN 104541053A CN 201380044108 A CN201380044108 A CN 201380044108A CN 104541053 A CN104541053 A CN 104541053A
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- edge contour
- cage chair
- piston machine
- pivotable
- pivotable cage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/2007—Arrangements for pressing the cylinder barrel against the valve plate, e.g. by fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
- F04B1/2021—Details or component parts characterised by the contact area between cylinder barrel and valve plate
- F04B1/2028—Bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
- F04B1/2078—Swash plates
- F04B1/2085—Bearings for swash plates or driving axles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
A hydraulic axial piston machine of swash plate design is disclosed with a pivot cradle which is mounted pivotably on a plain bearing which is fixed to the housing. For the hydrostatic relief of the mounting, at least one hydrostatic pressure field can be formed between the plain bearing and the pivot cradle, which at least one pressure field is delimited via an edge contour. Here, the edge contour is adapted to an operation-induced deformation of the pivot cradle and/or the plain bearing in such way that a leakage flow out of the pressure field is minimized. Furthermore, the following is disclosed for an axial piston machine of this type: a pivot cradle with a relieving clearance which is delimited via an edge contour which is adapted in this way, and a plain bearing with a relieving clearance which is delimited via an edge contour which is adapted in this way.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of as described in the preamble hydrostatic axial flow piston machine according to claim 1, there is a kind of pivotable cage chair of discharge degree, and a kind of pivotable cage chair as described in the preamble according to claim 14, there is the unloading space for hydrostatic unloading.Below, one adjustable swash plate in its oblique position is called as pivotable cage chair.
This oblique disk structure mode, adjustable axial flow piston machine has shell and cylinder barrel, and in cylinder barrel, multiple cylinder-piston-unit to be disposed generally on a standard pitch circle and rotatably to support around a running shaft.Described cylinder such as constructs with the antitorque cylinder barrel be rotatably connected of running shaft at one via cylinder holes in the case.The piston configured with them is supported on an inclined-plane of swash plate.In order to change the swept volume of the geometry of axial flow piston machine, swash plate is adjustable or can pivotable (swing) and therefore also referred to as pivotable cage chair in its oblique position.Being bearing in of pivotable cage chair realizes via the sliding bearing fixing relative to shell in the case.In order to adjust the swept volume of geometry, pivotable cage chair is connected with hinged by a resetting means on the other hand by a controlling device on the one hand.
In the operation according to regulation, what sliding bearing must bear the piston loaded with pressure medium acts on support force on pivotable cage chair and adjustment force and reposition force.In order to the minimise wear of the supporting surface and sliding bearing that make pivotable cage chair, even if also keep easily flexibly under a load with the controllability in order to pivotable cage chair, conventionally at least one hydrostatic pressure field is set between sliding bearing and pivotable cage chair.The unloading space that its position is limited by an edge contour is determined.This unloading space is usually arranged on pivotable cage chair, but also can be arranged on sliding bearing.Unloading space can load with pressure medium in the case.The pressure medium supply in unloading space now can ideally realize via the pressure medium source that of machine is inner, and wherein such as pressure medium inputs via hydraulic regulating device with through the pressure medium channel of pivotable cage chair.
Document DE3232363C2 shows a corresponding axial flow piston machine, and it has the unloading space of pivotable cage chair, and it constructs in other words point-blank relative to a planar linear ground on described inclined-plane.The regulating piston that its pressure medium supplies via controlling device carries out.
Document US4,543, the 876 axial flow piston machine that also show the oblique disk structure mode that a kind of adjustable ground is configured to.The unloading space that its pivotable cage chair constructs in pivot plane both sides, a center with respectively having two planar linear relative to described inclined-plane.
Open source literature DE10017780A1 shows a kind of axial flow piston machine of adjustable oblique disk structure mode, and it has linear unloading space that arrange in pivot plane both sides, center, different size.Herein, larger unloading space is wherein preferably placed on that side of pivotable cage chair, and when there is high pressure in cylinder-piston-unit, cylinder-piston-unit moves on this side.
Document DE44009370C2 shows a different design proposal, wherein unloads space accordingly and constructs in sliding bearing.This unloading space can supply via the pressure medium channel of shell side.These unloading spaces are also relative to the longitudinal extension plane on inclined-plane with a substantial linear.Be different from hereto described unloading space, they have the zigzag part of row's periodicity reproduction in addition along its longitudinal extension.They or formed in the order of acute angle or in the order of approximate right angle.In this axial flow piston machine, for the operation according to regulation, specify out there is certain leakage flow from unloading space and enter shell.
The common defect of the axial flow piston machine of all described prior aries is, depend on the distortion of pivotable cage chair and/or the sliding bearing produced in the operation according to regulation, exist from hydrostatic pressure field to the leakage flow shell, the volumetric efficiency of axial flow piston machine reduces thus.
Correspondingly, the present invention is based on of task is, creates a kind ofly to have the axial flow piston machine of the volumetric efficiency of improvement and a kind of pivotable cage chair for this axial flow piston machine.
First task is solved by a kind of axial flow piston machine with the feature of claim 1, and second task is solved by a kind of pivotable cage chair with the feature of claim 14.
Favourable expansion scheme of the present invention is the content of dependent claims.
Hydraulic axis streaming piston machine has shell and cylinder barrel, arranges multiple cylinder-piston unit wherein.Its piston is supported on the inclined-plane of pivotable cage chair, and pivotable cage chair is bearing on especially fixing relative to shell sliding bearing pivotly.At least one hydrostatic pressure field can be formed, in particular for hydrostatically unloading the pivotable cage chair on sliding bearing between sliding bearing and pivotable cage chair.This pressure field is limited by an edge contour.According to the present invention, this edge contour is matched with the distortion by the pivotable cage chair that produces and/or sliding bearing in the operation according to regulation in this wise, and namely from hydrostatic pressure field out, especially entering the leakage flow of shell, is minimum.
The pressure field with the routine of the edge contour of main straight does not have this coupling.On the other hand, the edge contour mated with this distortion has advantage, namely for the unloading effect required by this pressure field, and the position of pressure field and/or shape and/or size is optimised and leakage flow is reduced thus.The reduction of leaking brings the lifting of volumetric efficiency.Pressure field can construct in a best region under size as required between sliding bearing and pivotable cage chair thus.Another advantage is, due to edge contour according to suitability of the present invention, pivotable cage chair can be configured to relatively low stiffness, and can not lose the unloading of requirement: pivotable cage chair such as can by material manufacture that is softer, lower cost.The stronger distortion related to this of pivotable cage chair can cause when the edge contour of the dominant linear of routine leaking and lower efficiency.But by making edge contour and distortion according to adaptation of the present invention, prevent this situation.Alternatively or addedly, therefore pivotable cage chair more lightly can manufacture especially with the materials'use amount manufacture reduced.Consequent stronger bending, as previously mentioned, is compensated by the edge contour of coupling.The determination of distortion, and according to this determination determining the edge contour to coupling, carry out, such as, by means of finite element method preferably by simulating.Particularly preferably, leakage flow is roughly reduced to zero.
Sliding bearing can construct and only have a bearing liner thus in integral piece ground.But be preferably configured to and there are at least two, especially just in time two bearing liners two parts or multiple parts.
In a particularly preferred expansion scheme of axial flow piston machine, at least another hydrostatic pressure field can be formed between sliding bearing and pivotable cage chair, it is limited by an edge contour, this edge contour is also matched with distortion in this wise, namely from this another pressure field leakage flow out be also minimum.Along with the increasing of quantity of pressure field, hydrostatic unloading can be designed more equably.
Especially when sliding bearing is constructed by multiple part and had at least two bearing liners, different from the pressure field mentioned at first, this another hydrostatic pressure field is arranged on its bearing liner in a preferred expansion scheme.Alternatively, this another pressure field is the same with the pressure field mentioned at first is arranged on same bearing liner.Also it is possible that arrange multiple pressure field on a bearing liner.
In the operation according to regulation, produce one by this distortion lift boundary, lift boundary by a contact area via this, in this contact area, pivotable cage chair is bearing on sliding bearing, with a freedom or lift region, pivotable cage chair lifts from sliding bearing in this region, division limits.Leak especially greatly owing to being lifted when edge contour when boundary separates and protrudes in free space thus, therefore edge contour adapts to and lifts boundary in a preferred expansion scheme, and is fully arranged in inside contact area.Namely it does not protrude into inside free space.
Preferably, edge contour has and lifts a minimum range between boundary, and the limiting value of the permission of leakage flow given in advance is less, and this minimum range is larger.Now to consider maximum limiting value when designing axial flow piston machine.The impact of the minimum range also required size in the pressurized field of force.
Leak main generation in a region, distance edge contour is significantly less than other region to the distance lifting boundary in this region.Even if edge contour main region having the large distance to lifting boundary, leaking on a large scale and also occurring via this closely spaced region.Therefore, this edge contour is matched with in this wise and lifts boundary in a preferred expansion scheme, namely especially in the operation according to regulation edge contour and lift distance between boundary at least along an edge contour portion section be substantial constant.Term is constant should be understood herein like this, and namely along distance preferably maximum change ± 60% of this edge contour portion section, particularly preferably maximum change ± 30 are to ± 5%.
For the coupling in distance, alternatively or addedly, preferably make edge contour be matched with in this wise and lift boundary, namely especially according to regulation operation in from edge contour to the pressure gradient lifted boundary direction at least along an edge contour portion section be substantial constant.
To this, alternatively or addedly, edge contour is matched with in this wise and lifts boundary, namely especially in the operation according to regulation from edge contour to the flowing velocity of the leakage flow lifted boundary direction at least along an edge contour portion section be substantial constant.Constancy for pressure gradient and flowing velocity is also suitable for, and be worth along edge contour portion section preferably the highest change ± 60% accordingly, particularly preferably the highest change ± 30 are to ± 5%.
In a preferred expansion scheme, one with the edge contour portion that the is adjacent to section of a side arrangement of pivotable cage chair, an outer segments of edge contour, bends towards this side surface direction projection in other words.In the case, the edge contour portion section bent is preferably that section protrudingly, namely along the aforesaid distance of this section and/or pressure gradient and/or flowing velocity be constant.
In addition, in a favourable expansion scheme, be adjacent to the edge contour portion section of arranging with the center pivot plane of pivotable cage chair, the inner segments of edge contour in other words, the side towards side is raised up to bending.Towards the pressure increase of pivotable cage chair on pivot plane direction, center on sliding bearing and therefore therefore edge contour is so adjusted, and namely its distortion also increases.Be equally distributed by the shape of the projection of inner segments along this section pressure stress, therefore the wearing and tearing of pivotable cage chair and/or sliding bearing reduce in this region.
Alternatively, be adjacent to the edge contour portion section of arranging with the center pivot plane of pivotable cage chair, an inner segments of edge contour, arranges abreast with center pivot plane substantially in other words.Compared with the mode of execution finally mentioned, this mode of execution is simplified on device technique, because inner segments need not be matched with lift boundary.
In a preferred extension, inner segments is tangentially connected with outer segments substantially consistently via joint section.
In order to positioning pressure field clearly, in a preferred expansion scheme, hydrostatic fluid pressure field at least branch's section is configured in a unloading space limited by edge contour of pivotable cage chair and/or sliding bearing.Relative to the unloading space of routine, can with suitable expense manufacture according to the unloading space of the present invention's restriction.They also such as just can take in when casting the blank of pivotable cage chair on the mold of relative configurations.The degree of depth in unloading space is preferably 0.1 to 0.9mm, particularly preferably 0.5 to 0.6mm.
In order to the supporting surface being used in sliding bearing setting is large as far as possible, the groove structure that unloading space is arranged along edge contour only by a preferred expansion scheme.Like this, the edge via the supporting face section of this groove sliding bearing or pivotable cage chair is surrounded.
Alternatively, unloading space plane earth (mode with face) is sunk towards the supporting surface of sliding bearing or pivotable cage chair.
With a kind of mating and obtain thus well of distortion, namely the edge contour of a preferred extension is mated in this wise, i.e. the projection of this edge contour in a plane on inclined-plane or launch the shape at least roughly to branch's section with reaping hook or oval portion section or circular segments.
Especially when axial flow piston machine is arranged for when many quadrants run and such as can in two rotational directions and/or in motor operation and when working in pump operation, swash plate (pivotable cage chair), the layout of that side that supports thereon with the piston that high pressure loads can change along with the change of quadrant.When the unloading of maximum intensity can be produced by each pressure field, be then favourable.Therefore a preferred expansion scheme has edge contour, and they construct symmetrically with the pivot plane of pivotable cage chair substantially, and/or their pressure field via edge contour restriction has roughly the same size.
On the contrary, if the layout of swash plate side is constant, this side supports the piston loaded with high pressure, so only need the unloading that can produce maximum strength via the pressure field of arranging on this side.A preferred expansion scheme has edge contour especially in this case, and the pivot plane of this edge contour and pivotable cage chair constructs asymmetrically, and/or their pressure field via edge contour restriction has different sizes.
In a preferred expansion scheme, the pressure field that wherein larger one hydrostatic pressure field or relative unloading space can be connected with high pressure and wherein less hydrostatic or relative unloading space can be connected with low pressure.
In the expansion scheme that flexibly, is especially the operation of many quadrants especially and arranges, in, hydrostatic pressure field can be connected with high pressure or with low pressure according to runnability.
Pivotable cage chair for that become with oblique disk structure patten's design, adjustable hydraulic axis streaming piston machine have the piston for supporting multiple cylinder-piston-unit inclined-plane and have at least one, the supporting surface of especially partial cylindrical shapes, via this supporting surface, it is bearing on especially fixing relative to the shell sliding bearing of axial flow piston machine pivotly.In this at least one supporting surface, construct at least one unloading space via edge contour restriction in the case, a hydrostatic pressure field can be formed wherein.According to the present invention, edge contour is matched with the pivotable cage chair and/or the distortion of sliding bearing that are produced by the operation according to regulation of axial flow piston machine in this wise, namely can minimize from hydrostatic pressure field leakage flow out.
An expansion scheme of pivotable cage chair preferably has another supporting surface, also constructs a unloading space that is that limit via edge contour and that mate according to the present invention wherein.
In a preferred expansion scheme, edge contour be matched with by distortion produce, regulation lift boundary.Particularly preferably, at this it according to description above via to lift boundary constant distance and/or mate via from edge contour to the pressure gradient of the constant lifted on boundary direction and/or via the flowing velocity from edge contour to the constant of the leakage flow lifted on boundary direction.
In a particularly preferred expansion scheme, being adjacent to the edge contour portion section of arranging with a side of pivotable cage chair and being raised up to bending according to description above towards the side of side of edge contour.It is also preferred that one is adjacent to the edge contour portion section of arranging with the center pivot plane of pivotable cage chair.Alternatively, this edge contour portion section according to description above main and center pivot plane arrange abreast.
Unloading space is preferably configured to as groove as previously mentioned or plane earth constructs towards the supporting surface of pivotable cage chair with sinking.
The particularly preferred geometrical shape of the expansion scheme in unloading space according to about reaping hook, the aforesaid description of oval portion section or circular segments.
A preferred expansion scheme of pivotable cage chair has according to aforesaid description the pressure field that symmetrical edge contour and/or pressure field in the same size or they have mutual asymmetric edge contour and/or different sizes.
The larger pressure field of pressure field preferably can be connected with high pressure and less pressure field can be connected with low pressure.Alternatively, hydrostatic pressure field not only with high pressure but also can be connected with low pressure.
For adjustable, with the sliding bearing of the pivotable cage chair of the hydraulic axis streaming piston machine of oblique disk structure patten's design have at least one especially hollow with the supporting surface of partial cylindrical shapes, can be bearing in the shell of machine pivotly via this supporting surface pivotable cage chair.In the case, the unloading space that at least one limits via edge contour can be formed at least one supporting surface, hydrostatic pressure field can be formed in this unloading space.According to the present invention, edge contour is matched with the pivotable cage chair and/or the distortion of sliding bearing that are produced by the operation according to regulation of axial flow piston machine in this wise, namely can minimize from hydrostatic pressure field leakage flow out.
Can realize in the case edge contour and/or unloading space with the identical expansion scheme explained in aforesaid description.
An embodiment according to axial flow piston machine of the present invention and three embodiments according to pivotable cage chair of the present invention are explained in detail below by means of seven accompanying drawings.Shown in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the axial flow piston machine shown in longitudinal section A-A;
The embodiment according to Fig. 1 of Fig. 2 shown in the longitudinal section B-B that have rotated 90 °;
Fig. 3 is the first embodiment of the pivotable cage chair according to Fig. 1 and 2 shown in the perspective view of free cutting;
Fig. 4 is in the loaded state according to the diagram of the strong signal of the cross section C-C of the pivotable cage chair of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the distortion line chart of the pivotable cage chair according to Fig. 3 and 4;
Fig. 6 is the second embodiment of pivotable cage chair;
With
Fig. 7 is the 3rd embodiment of pivotable cage chair.
Fig. 1 shows adjustable axial flow piston machine 1 of oblique disk structure mode.Axial flow piston machine 1 has the housing parts 2 of alms bowl shape, and it is closed by outer housing cover 4.In housing parts 2 and in outer housing cover 4, transmission shaft 6 can support around running shaft 12 rotatably via rolling bearing 8 and 10.With the antitorque cylinder barrel 14 be rotatably connected of transmission shaft 6, multiple piston 16, such as nine pistons, can be axially movably contained in corresponding multiple cylinder holes 18.Each piston 16 now has piston head, and it is assembled in piston shoes 20, and piston shoes are supported on again on the inclined-plane 22 of pivotable cage chair 24.Pivotable cage chair 24 supports on the sliding bearing of a hollow cylinder pivotly via (pitch circle cylindricality) supporting surface 26,27 of partial cylindrical shapes, and this sliding bearing has two bearing liner 28a and 28b.
Have about 400bar axial flow piston machine 1 the first embodiment according to the operation of regulation on pivotable cage chair 24, and the therefore support force of Main Function piston 16 on bearing liner 28a and 28b.In order to make the minimise wear of the supporting surface 26,27 of sliding bearing 28 and pivotable cage chair 24, with in order to also pivotable cage chair 24 can be regulated under the working pressure that this is large, supporting surface 26,27 have hydrostatic unloading space 30a, the 30b that point to towards bearing liner 28a, 28b.This unloading space is matched with the distortion produced in the operation according to regulation of pivotable cage chair 24 and sliding bearing 28 according to the present invention.This coupling is explained in detail by means of Fig. 3 to 7 below.
Fig. 2 shows the axial flow piston machine 1 according to Fig. 1 in section B-B, as defined in FIG in this section.In this view, controlling device 32 and resetting means 34 can additionally be seen.Via the acting in conjunction of 32,34 of two devices, the angle of pivot of pivotable cage chair 24 relative to running shaft 12 can be adjusted.
Other explanation for the structure and working method of more in depth understanding axial flow piston machine 1 is dispensable for the present invention, particularly because adjustable axial flow piston machine of oblique disk structure mode is by being fully known in prior art.In order to disclosed object, herein see open source literature DE10017780A1, which describe other structure and especially controlling device 32 and the resetting means 34 of axial flow piston machine 1, and unloading space 30a, 30b supply via the pressure medium of controlling device 32.
Fig. 3 shows the pivotable cage chair 24 according to Fig. 1 and 2 in the diagram of a free cutting.That is, according to bearing support bearing bearing in other words is only shown in the housing parts 2 of Fig. 1 and 2.Pivotable cage chair 24 has two articulating points, and the first articulating point 36 is wherein arranged for the adjustment force F bearing controlling device (32, Fig. 2)
stwith the second articulating point 38 for bearing the reposition force-F of the acting in opposition of resetting means (34, Fig. 2)
st.Pivotable cage chair 24 is that the zero-bit of 0 ° illustrates according to Fig. 3 having according to the angle of pivot α of Fig. 2.In addition can clearly see inclined-plane 22, this inclined-plane is schematically illustrated by arrow the support force F of the piston that five load with high pressure
k(see 16, Fig. 1 and 2).For the purpose of clear and concise in Fig. 3, the piston force of remaining piston loaded by low pressure is not shown.Pivotable cage chair 24 constructs symmetrically about center pivot plane 40.In the layout side, both sides 42,44 of pivot plane 40.By means of the supporting surface 26,27 of its partial cylindrical shapes, pivotable cage chair 24 is bearing in bearing liner 28a slidably, pivotly, in 28b.Supporting surface 26,27 roughly extend on the direction perpendicular to center pivot plane 40.
The following explanation of distortion is carried out by means of the supporting surface 26 on the right in Fig. 3 and be also applicable to supporting surface 27 on qualitative.The width S of supporting surface 26 illustrates by means of the dotted line be arranged on the summit of supporting surface 26 in figure 3.Width S starts from s=0mm at this and ends at s=17.2mm on side 44.Supporting surface 26 is therefore maximum is placed in bearing liner 28b with width 17.2mm.In Fig. 3, a thick arrow schematically illustrates by the power of the generation of all power acted on pivotable cage chair 24.
This is also schematically illustrated by arrow in the diagram, according to the cross section C-C of Fig. 3 shown in it.In the diagram, for simpler illustrated reason, the pivotable cage chair 24 be out of shape is not had strongly schematically to be illustrated as flat dashed rectangle.On the contrary, it is strongly schematically illustrated by as pivotable cage chair 24' in a deformed state.Positive Z-Zhou Yu center pivot plane 40 extends from z=0 towards direction, inclined-plane 22 abreast.The diagram in unloading space is cancelled.Displacement distance z=0 is a datum-plane herein, and the supporting surface 26,27 of pivotable cage chair 24 is arranged on this datum-plane under no-load condition.Can clearly see, pivotable cage chair 24 is out of shape towards pivotable cage chair 24' under the effect of the power according to Fig. 3.If be confined to the region of the bearing liner 28b on the right of Fig. 4 when observing, so can clearly see, the supporting surface 26 of pivotable cage chair 24 is fitted on bearing liner 28b in contact area 46, on the contrary, lifting the another side of boundary G, this lifts boundary and is positioned at width s=s
aplace, it lifts from bearing liner 28b in free space 48.Similar situation is also applicable to the pivotable cage chair 24' in the region of bearing liner 28a.
Fig. 5 shows this fact of case in the diagram of line chart.In this line chart, the width s between value s=0 and s=17.2 marks the bending or displacement distance z of the pivotable cage chair 24' according to Fig. 4.According to the datum-plane of the dotted line of Fig. 4 according to the line chart of Fig. 5 also by the represented by dotted arrows at z=0 place.For s>s
athe value of (about >14.5), the value of displacement distance z is positive, for s<s
avalue, it is negative.The region mentioned at first indicates intersection line in Figure 5 and represents the free space 48 according to Fig. 4, and the pivotable cage chair 24' be out of shape in this region lifts from the bearing liner 28b of sliding bearing 28.Last-mentioned region illustrates in hacures mode in Figure 5 and represents the contact area 46 according to Fig. 4, and the pivotable cage chair 24' be out of shape in this region is bearing on bearing liner 28b.
The edge contour of the unloading whole embodiment in space is fully arranged in the contact areas, is therefore minimum from relevant hydrostatic pressure field leakage out or is prevented from as far as possible.
Following Fig. 6 and 7 shows second and the 3rd embodiment of pivotable cage chair 124 and 224 in the perspective view of supporting surface side.Except the project organization in its unloading space, this unloading gap also will describe in detail afterwards, and two pivotable cage chairs 124 and 224 are implemented in the same manner.At this, be configured to full symmetric according to the pivotable cage chair 124 of Fig. 6 and except its unloading space, be configured to full symmetric in center pivot plane 40 in center pivot plane 40 with according to the pivotable cage chair 224 of Fig. 7.
Pivotable cage chair 124; The inclined-plane of 224, at pivotable cage chair 124; The installment state lower piston 16 of 224 is supported on this inclined-plane, be deviate from watcher and be invisible.Pivotable cage chair 124; 224 have the main body 50 extended along center pivot plane 40, construct through space 52 thereon.This space can be transmitted axle and pass, as exemplarily illustrated in fig 1 and 2.Through space 52 is radially expanded towards running shaft 12 via expanding surface 54, therefore pivotable cage chair 124; 224 can relative to running shaft 12 pivotable, and transmission shaft can not collide at pivotable cage chair 124 simultaneously; On 224.
At main body 50 side place, pivotable cage chair 124; 224 have convex shoulder 56,58, and they are substantially along the transverse axis 60 vertically arranged with center pivot plane 40, in pivot plane 40 both sides with extend symmetrically with pivot plane.At convex shoulder 56, the terminal part section place of the close main body of 58, convex shoulder respectively has a flange 62,64, this flange towards a partial cylindrical shapes, be arranged in convex shoulder 56, the supporting surface 126,127 on 58; 226,227 radially.
According to Fig. 6, the second embodiment of pivotable cage chair 124 has the unloading space 130 that Liang Geyu center pivot plane 40 constructs symmetrically.Also clearly can see in figure 6 and lift boundary G shown in dotted line, they are by supporting surface 126,127 contact area 146 and the free spaces 148 being divided into layout adjacent with main body 50 respectively.Unloading space 130 limits via edge contour 150 in the case.This edge contour is matched with according to the present invention and lifts boundary G, wherein, respectively has the edge contour portion section that is outside, its structure projected upwards towards side 42,44 side, substantially with lift boundary G and extend abreast.In other words, from edge contour portion section until the spacing d lifting boundary G is constant along edge contour portion section substantially.The edge contour portion section of the inside of edge contour 150, it and center pivot plane 40 are adjacent to arrange, do not construct highlightedly about center pivot plane 40, but roughly extend abreast with center pivot plane.The shape of the round section of roughly one rounding is obtained by this way in the plane on the inclined-plane for unloading space 130.Respectively arrange a supply hole 152 in the center in unloading space 130, can load with pressure medium via this supply hole unloading space 130.The pressure medium supply in unloading space 130 now such as can be implemented via the controlling device 32 according to Fig. 2 and the pressure medium channel through main body 50, and this pressure medium channel only illustrates an oral area 154 in figure 6.Pressure medium channel is branched off in two supply holes 152 in this embodiment in main body 50.The pressure medium supply in unloading space 130 alternatively also can be realized by housing parts 2 and bearing liner.
According to Fig. 7 pivotable cage chair 224 with distinguish according to the pivotable cage chair 124 of Fig. 6 the design being only to lift boundary G, unload space 230,231 and supply hole 252,253.Construct symmetrically with center pivot plane 40 according to the unloading space 130 of Fig. 6, because pivotable cage chair 124 is arranged for many quadrants and runs, in this many quadrant runs, the layout supporting that side thereon with the piston 16 that high pressure loads can depend on the replacing of operation quadrant.For the pivotable cage chair 224 according to Fig. 7, this many quadrants are not set and run.Therefore high pressure side is always arranged on the identical side of pivotable cage chair 224, is in this case to be adjacent to arrange with side 44.Due to this reason, unloading space 230 can be designed be less than unloading space 231.
The edge contour 251 in unloading space 231 not only saliently bends towards side 44 with adjacent with side 44, outside edge contour portion section but also with adjacent with main body 50, inner edge contour portion section.Edge contour 251 is formed thus to a kind of shape of roughly kidney shape.Similar situation is also applicable to unload the edge contour 251 in space 230, but it due to be arranged in pivotable cage chair 224 low voltage side on design be less than unloading space 231 significantly.The supporting surface 226,227 of pivotable cage chair 224 is also divided into contact area 246 via lifting boundary G, and 247 and free space 248,249.Also be suitable for for unloading space 230,231 herein, the edge contour portion section of the outside adjacent with side 42,44 has and lifts the spacing d of constant between boundary G.In a region of the another side of the maximum longitudinal extension in unloading space 230,231, this spacing d increases significantly.Unloading space 230 and 231 also respectively has a supply hole 252,253, and they are similar to embodiment according to Fig. 6 via mouth 154 available pressure coated by dielectric.
Different with two embodiments illustrated of 7 according to Fig. 6, the basic shape facility of edge contour-large or little, symmetrical or asymmetric, sickleshaped or circular segments or oval portion section, the inner section protruded or the inside Duan – of substantial linear can at random combine mutually, with the distortion making the edge contour of pressure field be matched with the expection of pivotable cage chair and/or sliding bearing best, thus from pressure field to shell in leakage flow be minimum.
Two embodiments illustrated are different, and unloading space also in sliding bearing, or can construct in its bearing liner.
Disclose a kind of axial flow piston machine of oblique disk structure mode, there is the pivotable cage chair on the sliding bearing that is bearing in pivotly and fixes relative to shell.In order to hydrostatically unload this supporting, can construct at least one hydrostatic pressure field between sliding bearing and pivotable cage chair, it is limited by an edge contour.In the case, this edge contour be matched with in this wise pivotable cage chair and/or sliding bearing by running the distortion limited, namely from pressure field leakage flow be out minimum.This axial flow piston machine is disclosed in addition: one has the pivotable cage chair unloading space, this unloading space has the sliding bearing in unloading space by an edge contour restriction of mating like this and one, and this unloading space is limited by the edge contour mated like this.
The present invention for all fixing with the application of movement in realize on oil hydraulic pump and oil hydraulic motor.The present invention especially also can be applied in so-called hybrid motor vehicle, and such as, in car, it has internal-combustion engine and comprises oil hydraulic pump, the hydraulic transmission system of hydraulic accumulator and the one or more oil hydraulic motors between internal-combustion engine and axle.Oil hydraulic pump and oil hydraulic motor now construct according to the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. hydraulic axis streaming piston machine, there is shell (2,4) and cylinder barrel (14), multiple cylinder-piston unit is set in this cylinder barrel, wherein, the piston (16) of cylinder-piston unit is supported on the inclined-plane (22) of pivotable cage chair (24), this pivotable cage chair is bearing on sliding bearing (28) pivotly, wherein, can form hydrostatic pressure field between sliding bearing (28) and pivotable cage chair (24), this pressure field is via edge contour (150; 250,251) limit, it is characterized in that, edge contour (150; 250,251) distortion (z) produced by the operation according to regulation of pivotable cage chair (24) and/or sliding bearing (28) is matched with in this wise, namely be minimum from hydrostatic pressure field to the leakage flow in shell (2,4).
2. axial flow piston machine according to claim 1, wherein, can construct another hydrostatic pressure field between sliding bearing (28) and pivotable cage chair (24), this pressure field is by an edge contour (150; 250,251) limit, this edge contour is matched with described distortion (z) in this wise, is namely minimum from this another hydrostatic pressure field to the leakage flow in shell (2,4).
3. axial flow piston machine according to claim 1 and 2, have by distortion (z) produce lift boundary (G), lift boundary via this, a contact area (46; 146; 246,247) with a free space (48; 148; 248,249) demarcate, in described contact area, pivotable cage chair (24) is bearing on sliding bearing (28), and in described free space, pivotable cage chair (24) lifts from sliding bearing (28), wherein, described edge contour (150; 250,251) be matched with in this wise and lift in boundary (G), namely it is wholely arranged in described contact area (46; 146; 246,247) in.
4. axial flow piston machine according to claim 3, wherein, edge contour (150; 250,251) be matched with in this wise and lift boundary (G), i.e. edge contour (150; 250,251) to the distance (d) lifting boundary (G) at least along an edge contour portion section be constant substantially, and/or wherein, edge contour (150; 250,251) be matched with in this wise and lift boundary (G), namely from edge contour (150; 250,251) to the pressure gradient lifting boundary (G) at least along an edge contour portion section be substantial constant.
5. the axial flow piston machine according to item at least one in aforementioned claim wherein, with pivotable cage chair (124; 224) the edge contour portion section that a side (42,44) is adjacent to arrange is being raised up to bending towards the side of described side (42,44).
6. axial flow piston machine according to claim 5, wherein, one is adjacent to the edge contour portion section of arranging towards described side (42 with the center pivot plane (40) of pivotable cage chair (224), 44) side is raised up to bending, or wherein, pivot plane (40) the major parallel ground, edge contour Bu Duanyu center being adjacent to arrange with the center pivot plane (40) of pivotable cage chair (124) constructs.
7. the axial flow piston machine according to item at least one in aforementioned claim wherein, described hydrostatic pressure field at least branch's section ground at pivotable cage chair (24; 124; 224) and/or one of sliding bearing via described edge contour (150; 250,251) the unloading space (30a, the 30b that limit; 130; 230,231) formed in.
8. axial flow piston machine according to claim 7, wherein, described unloading space is formed via the groove that is arranged along described edge contour, or wherein, described unloading space (30a, 30b; 130; 230,231) plane earth is towards the supporting surface of sliding bearing or pivotable cage chair (24; 124; 224) supporting surface (26; 126,127; 226,227) sunk.
9. the axial flow piston machine according to item at least one in aforementioned claim wherein, described edge contour (150; 250,251) projection in a plane of described inclined-plane (22) or launch the shape that at least piecewise has roughly reaping hook or oval section or circle segments.
10. the axial flow piston machine according to item at least one in claim 2 to 9, wherein, described edge contour (150) substantially constructs symmetrically with a pivot plane (40) of pivotable cage chair (124) and/or has roughly the same size via the pressure field that they limit.
11. axial flow piston machine according to item at least one in claim 2 to 9, wherein, described edge contour (250,251) constructs asymmetrically from a pivot plane (40) of pivotable cage chair (224) and/or has different sizes via the pressure field that they limit.
12. axial flow piston machine according to item at least one in claim 2 to 11, wherein, the pressure field that one in hydrostatic pressure field larger pressure field can be connected with a high pressure and in hydrostatic pressure field one is less can be connected with a low pressure.
Wherein, hydrostatic pressure field can be connected with a high pressure with a low pressure 13. axial flow piston machine according to item at least one in aforementioned claim.
14. for the pivotable cage chair of that construct in oblique disk structure mode, adjustable hydraulic axis streaming piston machine (1), arrange thereon and maybe can arrange that one for supporting the inclined-plane (22) of the piston (16) of multiple cylinder-piston-unit, wherein, pivotable cage chair (24; 124; 224) there is supporting surface (26; 126,127; 226,227), described pivotable cage chair can be bearing on the sliding bearing (28) of axial flow piston machine (1) pivotly via this supporting surface, and wherein, at supporting surface (26; 126,127; 226,227) be configured with via an edge contour (150 in; 250,251) the unloading space (30a, the 30b that limit; 130; 230,231), a hydrostatic pressure field can be formed in this unloading space, it is characterized in that, described edge contour (150; 250,251) be matched with in this wise by the pivotable cage chair (24 produced in the operation according to regulation of axial flow piston machine (1); 124; 224) and/or the distortion (z) of sliding bearing (28), namely can minimize from hydrostatic pressure field leakage flow out.
15. pivotable cage chairs according to claim 14, have produced by described distortion (z) lift boundary (G), lift boundary via this, according to regulation operation in a contact area (46; 146; 246,247) can with a free space (48; 148; 248,249) demarcate between, in described contact area, pivotable cage chair (24) is bearing on sliding bearing (28), in described free space, pivotable cage chair (24) lifts from sliding bearing (28), wherein, described edge contour (150; 250,251) be matched with in this wise described in lift boundary (G), namely it is entirely arranged in described contact area (46; 146; 246,247) in.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012214830.2 | 2012-08-21 | ||
| DE102012214830.2A DE102012214830B4 (en) | 2012-08-21 | 2012-08-21 | Hydrostatic axial piston machine with adjustable swash plate or swivel cradle and associated slide bearing with hydrostatic pressure field, whose edge contour design minimizes the leakage flow into the housing |
| PCT/EP2013/065979 WO2014029588A1 (en) | 2012-08-21 | 2013-07-30 | Hydrostatic axial piston machine with adjustable swash plate or pivot cradle, and pivot cradle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104541053A true CN104541053A (en) | 2015-04-22 |
| CN104541053B CN104541053B (en) | 2017-09-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380044108.4A Active CN104541053B (en) | 2012-08-21 | 2013-07-30 | Hydrostatic axial-flow type piston machine and pivot cage chair with adjustable swash plate or pivot cage chair |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104541053B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102012214830B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014029588A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106195014A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-12-07 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Roller bearing and the hydrostatic axial piston machine with roller bearing in inclined disc type frame mode |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014204898A1 (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-09-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Swash plate machine |
| CH710829A1 (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2016-09-15 | Liebherr Machines Bulle Sa | Pivot bearing of an axial piston machine. |
| DE102017213760A1 (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydrostatic axial piston machine |
| CN109798232B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-08-21 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Swash plate type plunger pump motor |
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| CN106195014B (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2019-07-02 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | The axial piston machine with roller bearing in inclined disc type frame mode of roller bearing and hydrostatic |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102012214830B4 (en) | 2022-06-30 |
| DE102012214830A1 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
| CN104541053B (en) | 2017-09-15 |
| WO2014029588A1 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
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