CN104535975A - Image calibration device and method for synthetic aperture radar echo simulator - Google Patents
Image calibration device and method for synthetic aperture radar echo simulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN104535975A CN104535975A CN201410790225.1A CN201410790225A CN104535975A CN 104535975 A CN104535975 A CN 104535975A CN 201410790225 A CN201410790225 A CN 201410790225A CN 104535975 A CN104535975 A CN 104535975A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4052—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses an image calibration device and method for a synthetic aperture radar echo simulator. The device comprises a radio frequency receiving amplifier, a frequency conversion unit, a data acquirer and a data processing unit, wherein the radio frequency receiving amplifier is used for receiving and amplifying a radio frequency signal output by the synthetic aperture radar echo simulator, the frequency conversion unit is used for converting the radio frequency signal into an intermediate-frequency signal, the data acquirer is used for conducting data and waveform collection on the intermediate-frequency signal, and the data processing unit is used for conducting data processing and radar imaging on the collected signal. According to the technical scheme, quantification and evaluation can be conducted on image parameter indexes of the synthetic aperture radar echo simulator, and the image calibration method is provided to improve the testing efficiency of the simulator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of radar simulator image calibration device.More specifically, a kind of image calibration device and method for the synthesis of aperture radar echo simulator is related to.
Background technology
Modern radar system is day by day complicated, function is various, working environment is ever-changing, the debugging of its each several part becomes increasingly difficult, and field trial and debugging cost higher, therefore, utilize radar simulation technology, development radar simulator is very important, and radar simulator plays more and more important effect in the design and development process of radar, target seeker, has become requisite debugging, means of testing.
Synthetic-aperture radar echo simulator carries out the specialized equipment of production debugging as laboratory and field trial, be mainly model armament systems missie-borne guidance device service, for debugging in target seeker production run and test, be just widely used in the debugging of many models at present.In order to ensure that target seeker exports data accurately and reliably, need to calibrate its parameter.The calibration of current simulator electrical quantity can use all purpose instrument to complete, but image parameter is not owing to effectively calibrating means, cannot complete calibration, can cause the inaccurate of parameter, affects the reliability of simulator work.
Therefore, need to provide a kind of for the synthesis of aperture radar echo simulator image calibration device and method, calibrate for the image parameter in Technologies Against Synthetic Aperture Radar echo simulator.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of image calibration device and method for the synthesis of aperture radar echo simulator, to overcome in prior art because image parameter does not effectively calibrate means, cannot calibration be completed, cause parameter inaccurate, affect the problem of simulator work.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
For the synthesis of an image calibration device for aperture radar echo simulator, this device described comprises radio frequency reception amplifier, converter unit, data acquisition unit, data processing unit;
Radio frequency reception amplifier for receive and amplify synthetic-aperture radar echo simulator export radiofrequency signal;
Converter unit is used for radiofrequency signal to be converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal;
Data acquisition unit is used for carrying out data and waveform acquisition to intermediate-freuqncy signal;
Data processing unit is used for carrying out data processing and radar imagery to gathered signal.
Preferably, described converter unit comprises the first frequency mixer, the first local oscillator signal generator, the first amplifilter, the second frequency mixer, the second local oscillation signal generator and the second amplifilter.
Preferably, described first local oscillation signal and the second local oscillation signal have linear phase relation.
Preferably, described data processing unit comprises further
Quadrature demodulation unit, pulse compression module, image-forming module, filtration module, image parameter evaluation module;
Quadrature demodulation unit is used for carrying out frequency band transfer to the intermediate-freuqncy signal collected, and obtains complex base band signal;
Pulse compression module is used for complex base band signal to carry out pulse compression;
Image-forming module is used for the signal after pulse compression to adopt range Doppler algorithm to carry out imaging;
Filtration module is used for adopting S filter to carry out Postprocessing technique to the image of image-forming module gained.
Preferably, described pulse compression module, by being multiplied with the filter signal containing secondary conjugate phase to the signal spectrum of complex base band signal, obtains the signal after compressing.
Preferably, described data processing unit comprises image parameter evaluation module further, for carrying out parameter evaluation to the image after recovery;
It is one or more that the parameter assessed in described image parameter evaluation module comprises in spatial resolution, peak sidelobe ratio, integration secondary lobe ratio and Y-PSNR.
For the synthesis of an image calibrating method for aperture radar echo simulator, described the method comprises
Receive and amplify the radiofrequency signal exported from synthetic-aperture radar simulator;
By repeatedly frequency conversion, described radiofrequency signal is converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal;
Data and waveform acquisition are carried out to described intermediate-freuqncy signal;
Quadrature demodulation is carried out to gathered intermediate-freuqncy signal and obtains complex base band signal;
Pulse compression is carried out to described complex base band signal;
Range and Doppler is used to carry out synthetic aperture radar image-forming to the complex base band signal after described pulse compression;
S filter is adopted to carry out Postprocessing technique gained image;
Image after recovering is carried out parameter evaluation.
Preferably, what described conversion method adopted is double conversion.
Preferably, by the pulse compression realized described complex base band signal that to be multiplied with the filter signal containing secondary conjugate phase to the signal spectrum of complex base band signal.
Preferably, in the assessment of described image parameter the parameter of assessment to comprise in spatial resolution, peak sidelobe ratio, integration secondary lobe ratio and Y-PSNR one or more.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
Technical scheme of the present invention can the image index of Technologies Against Synthetic Aperture Radar echo simulator quantize, Technologies Against Synthetic Aperture Radar echo simulator image parameter index is assessed, provide a kind of method of image calibration, improve the testing efficiency of simulator, gordian technique can also be applied in the fields such as SAR imaging.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of structural representation for the synthesis of aperture radar echo simulator image calibration device in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates a kind of process flow diagram for the synthesis of aperture radar echo simulator image calibrating method in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention, below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and drawings, the present invention is described further.Parts similar in accompanying drawing represent with identical Reference numeral.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that specifically described content is illustrative and nonrestrictive, should not limit the scope of the invention with this below.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention discloses a kind of image calibration device for the synthesis of aperture radar echo simulator, this calibrating installation comprises: synthetic-aperture radar radar simulator 1, radio frequency reception amplifier 2, converter unit 3, data acquisition unit 4, computing machine 5; Converter unit 3 comprises the first local oscillator signal generator 301, frequency mixer 302, the amplifilter 303 that provide the first local oscillation signal further, provides the second local oscillation signal generator 304, frequency mixer 305, the amplifilter 306 of the second local oscillation signal.Computing machine 5 comprises quadrature demodulation unit 501, pulse compression module 502, image-forming module 503, filtration module 504, image parameter evaluation module 505 further.
The echoed signal of synthetic-aperture radar echo simulator 1 exports radio frequency reception amplifier 2 as measurand in the mode of radiofrequency signal, receives and amplify through radio frequency reception amplifier 2.Due to data sampling cannot be carried out by radio frequency signal, after therefore needing that radiofrequency signal is converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal, then carry out subsequent treatment.What in the present embodiment radiofrequency signal is converted to that intermediate-freuqncy signal adopts is the scheme of double conversion, because imaging technique requires higher IF-FRE and intermediate-frequency bandwidth, if adopt the scheme of single-conversion, the image frequency of single-conversion generally all drops within signal frequency bandwidth, form image interference, affect imaging effect, so adopt the scheme of double conversion to suppress image interference.In order to reduce the impact introduced radar image in frequency conversion process, ensure the dynamic reception of radar image radiofrequency signal, just need improve image frequency, intermediate frequency suppression and reduce crosstalk, namely need the radio frequency reception amplifier 2 adopting Larger Dynamic, compression points, frequency mixer 302 and frequency mixer 305 adopt higher local oscillator-radio frequency and local oscillator-intermediate frequency to suppress and port match frequency mixer of good performance.The frequency span of amplifilter 303 and amplifilter 306 and frequency characteristic affect the quality of filter action, are directly connected to the important indicators such as the noisiness of frequency transformation passage, waveform distortion.In order to make, the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of output terminal is maximum or waveform distortion is minimum, needs amplifilter 303 and amplifilter 306 to reach best frequency span and frequency characteristic shape, to realize optimum filtering.First local oscillation signal 301 and the second local oscillation signal 304 require to have good time-domain stability degree and frequency domain degree of stability, and must ensure the linear relationship of fixing, in order to avoid because error is introduced in the relative change of local oscillation signal phase place.
Through double conversion, complete the conversion of radiofrequency signal to intermediate-freuqncy signal, intermediate-freuqncy signal enters data acquisition unit 4, uses sampling rate such as the collector of 2GHz carries out digital sample and stored waveform, the data after samples storage is sent in computing machine 5.In quadrature demodulation unit 501, pulse compression module 502, image-forming module 503, filtration module 504, use the processing modes such as quadrature demodulation, pulse compression, imaging algorithm and filtering to carry out data processing and radar imagery respectively, after imaging in image parameter evaluation module 505, parameter evaluation is carried out to image.
Quadrature demodulation process in quadrature demodulation unit 501 carries out frequency band to the intermediate-freuqncy signal of data acquisition to move.The pulse of radar simulator transmitting and receiving is real signals, the baseband signal that acquisition one is plural after quadrature demodulation.Signal after quadrature demodulation utilizes pulse compression principle to compress it in pulse compression module 502, obtains approximate sinc function shape after compression.The object of pulse compression is the data obtaining high resolution, thus obtains focusing on good image.The essence of pulse compression is multiplied with the filter signal containing secondary conjugate phase by the signal spectrum of gained complex base band signal.Pulse compression technique can solve the contradiction between radar horizon and range resolution effectively, improves the range resolution of radar under the prerequisite not reducing radar horizon, realizes radar high resolution.
Signal after pulse compression utilizes range Doppler algorithm to carry out imaging in image-forming module 503.First carry out Range compress to data, Range compress is realized to matched filtering and distance to inverse Fourier transform to Fourier transform, distance by distance; Next by fourier transform of azimuth, data transformation is returned range-Dopler domain, overlap apart from upper one group of target trajectory due to same in this domain, therefore range migration correction can be carried out in this territory, by stretching for range migration curve to the direction parallel with orientation frequency axis." range Doppler " territory realization of range migration correction is the key distinction point of range Doppler algorithm and other algorithms.Next realize Azimuth Compression by the frequency matching filtering in each range gate, finally carry out orientation can complete imaging from synthetic-aperture radar to inverse Fourier transform.
After data complete imaging algorithm, in filtration module 504, Wiener Filtering recovery is carried out to data.The ringing ripples of Recovery image can be reduced after Wiener filtering, do not lose important information edge, improve picture quality, retain the detail section of image.
After imaging completes, in image parameter evaluation module 505, its image parameter is assessed, in image parameter assessment, the parameter of assessment comprises the indexs such as spatial resolution, peak sidelobe ratio, integration secondary lobe ratio, Y-PSNR, utilize these index Technologies Against Synthetic Aperture Radar picture qualities to assess, complete the calibration of synthetic-aperture radar echo simulator.
Spatial resolution is the important indicator weighing polarization sensitive synthetic aperture radar system image quality, is the ability of the minor increment weighing two adjacent ground object targets that polarization sensitive synthetic aperture radar system can be distinguished.In the resolving power of reality calculates, mainly through selecting the strong point scatterer in image, calculate the 3dB main lobe width of its impulse response.
Peak sidelobe ratio, refers to the aspect ratio of maximum secondary lobe and main lobe, represents with decibel (dB).The Fourier transform of uniform frequency spectrum is sinc function, and peak sidelobe ratio is-13dB.Peak sidelobe ratio in polarization sensitive synthetic aperture radar system must be less than this value, can not be covered to make weak signal target by the strong target of being close to.This requirement can be reached by sharpening window in synthetic-aperture radar process.
Integration secondary lobe ratio (ISLR), refers to the ratio of the side-lobe energy of impulse response function and main lobe energy.Secondary lobe is the region beyond two first zero.General main lobe width is centered by peak value, and size is taken as 2 ~ 2.5 times of resolving power.Integration secondary lobe ratio can be expressed as
In formula (1), P
totalfor general power, P
mainfor main lobe power.
Y-PSNR (PSNR), reflection be the distortion level of image, weigh through processing the difference between diameter radar image and original diameter radar image obtained, to the calibration that the echoed signal of radar scene figure echo radio frequency analog device generation quantizes by Y-PSNR.
Y-PSNR is defined as:
In formula (2), MSE is the square error between the rear image of original image and process, and computing formula is as follows:
In formula (3), Z (i, j) be original image that synthetic-aperture radar simulator generates according to target or object module, K (i, j) be original image gained image after calibration process of synthetic-aperture radar simulator generation, N and M is that image is long and wide respectively, and PSNR value larger explanation original image is more similar to image after process.
As shown in Figure 2, the invention also discloses a kind of image calibrating method for the synthesis of aperture radar echo simulator, the method comprises
S1, described radio frequency reception amplifier accepts also amplify the radiofrequency signal exported from synthetic-aperture radar simulator;
S2, employing double conversion method, be converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal by described radiofrequency signal;
S3, data and waveform acquisition are carried out to described intermediate-freuqncy signal;
S4, described intermediate-freuqncy signal carried out to quadrature demodulation and obtain complex base band signal;
S5, pulse compression is carried out to described complex base band signal;
S6, to after described pulse compression complex base band signal use range and Doppler carry out synthetic aperture radar image-forming;
S7, by gained image adopt S filter carry out Postprocessing technique;
S8, by recover after image carry out parameter evaluation.
Wherein, the signal of pulse compression realizes by being multiplied with the filter signal containing secondary conjugate phase to the signal spectrum of complex base band signal.
Wherein, in image parameter assessment, the parameter of assessment comprises spatial resolution, peak sidelobe ratio, integration secondary lobe ratio, Y-PSNR;
Spatial resolution is the important indicator weighing polarization sensitive synthetic aperture radar system image quality, is the ability of the minor increment weighing two adjacent ground object targets that polarization sensitive synthetic aperture radar system can be distinguished.In the resolving power of reality calculates, mainly through selecting the strong point scatterer in image, calculate the 3dB main lobe width of its impulse response.
Peak sidelobe ratio, refers to the aspect ratio of maximum secondary lobe and main lobe, represents with decibel (dB).The Fourier transform of uniform frequency spectrum is sinc function, and peak sidelobe ratio is-13dB.Peak sidelobe ratio in polarization sensitive synthetic aperture radar system must be less than this value, can not be covered to make weak signal target by the strong target of being close to.This requirement can be reached by sharpening window in synthetic-aperture radar process.
Integration secondary lobe ratio (ISLR), refers to the ratio of the side-lobe energy of impulse response function and main lobe energy.Secondary lobe is the region beyond two first zero.General main lobe width is centered by peak value, and size is taken as 2 ~ 2.5 times of resolving power.Integration secondary lobe ratio can be expressed as
In formula (4), P
totalfor general power, P
mainfor main lobe power.
Y-PSNR (PSNR), reflection be the distortion level of image, weigh through processing the difference between diameter radar image and original diameter radar image obtained, to the calibration that the echoed signal of radar scene figure echo radio frequency analog device generation quantizes by Y-PSNR.
Y-PSNR is defined as:
In formula (5), MSE is the square error between the rear image of original image and process, and computing formula is as follows:
In formula (6), Z (i, j) original image for generating according to target or object module for synthetic-aperture radar simulator, K (i, j) be original image gained image after calibration process of synthetic-aperture radar simulator generation, N and M is that image is long and wide respectively, and PSNR value larger explanation original image is more similar to image after process.
In sum, technical scheme of the present invention, can the image index of Technologies Against Synthetic Aperture Radar echo simulator quantize, and Technologies Against Synthetic Aperture Radar echo simulator image index is assessed, improve the testing efficiency of simulator, gordian technique can also be applied in the fields such as SAR imaging.
Obviously; the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described; and be not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention; for those of ordinary skill in the field; can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description; here cannot give exhaustive to all embodiments, every belong to technical scheme of the present invention the apparent change of extending out or variation be still in the row of protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. for the synthesis of an image calibration device for aperture radar echo simulator, it is characterized in that, this device described comprises radio frequency reception amplifier, converter unit, data acquisition unit, data processing unit;
Radio frequency reception amplifier for receive and amplify synthetic-aperture radar echo simulator export radiofrequency signal;
Converter unit is used for radiofrequency signal to be converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal;
Data acquisition unit is used for carrying out data and waveform acquisition to intermediate-freuqncy signal;
Data processing unit is used for carrying out data processing and radar imagery to gathered signal.
2. image calibration device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described converter unit comprises the first frequency mixer, the first local oscillator signal generator, the first amplifilter, the second frequency mixer, the second local oscillation signal generator and the second amplifilter.
3. image calibration device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described first local oscillation signal and the second local oscillation signal have linear phase relation.
4. image calibration device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described data processing unit comprises further
Quadrature demodulation unit, pulse compression module, image-forming module, filtration module, image parameter evaluation module;
Quadrature demodulation unit is used for carrying out frequency band transfer to the intermediate-freuqncy signal collected, and obtains complex base band signal;
Pulse compression module is used for complex base band signal to carry out pulse compression;
Image-forming module is used for the signal after pulse compression to adopt range Doppler algorithm to carry out imaging;
Filtration module is used for adopting S filter to carry out Postprocessing technique to the image of image-forming module gained.
5. image calibration device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described pulse compression module, by being multiplied with the filter signal containing secondary conjugate phase to the signal spectrum of complex base band signal, obtains the signal after compressing.
6. image calibration device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described data processing unit comprises image parameter evaluation module further, for carrying out parameter evaluation to the image after recovery;
It is one or more that the parameter assessed in described image parameter evaluation module comprises in spatial resolution, peak sidelobe ratio, integration secondary lobe ratio and Y-PSNR.
7. for the synthesis of an image calibrating method for aperture radar echo simulator, it is characterized in that, described the method comprises
Receive and amplify the radiofrequency signal exported from synthetic-aperture radar simulator;
By repeatedly frequency conversion, described radiofrequency signal is converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal;
Data and waveform acquisition are carried out to described intermediate-freuqncy signal;
Quadrature demodulation is carried out to gathered intermediate-freuqncy signal and obtains complex base band signal;
Pulse compression is carried out to described complex base band signal;
Range and Doppler is used to carry out synthetic aperture radar image-forming to the complex base band signal after described pulse compression;
S filter is adopted to carry out Postprocessing technique gained image;
Image after recovering is carried out parameter evaluation.
8. image calibrating method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, what described conversion method adopted is double conversion.
9. image calibrating method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, by the pulse compression realized described complex base band signal that to be multiplied with the filter signal containing secondary conjugate phase to the signal spectrum of complex base band signal.
10. image calibrating method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, in the assessment of described image parameter, to comprise in spatial resolution, peak sidelobe ratio, integration secondary lobe ratio and Y-PSNR one or more for the parameter of assessment.
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