CN104534871B - Based on the auxiliary heating residual heat of tunnel kiln intelligence control system of cloud process - Google Patents
Based on the auxiliary heating residual heat of tunnel kiln intelligence control system of cloud process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Based on the auxiliary heating residual heat of tunnel kiln intelligence control system of cloud process.The invention provides a kind of afterheat utilization system of tunnel furnace, described system comprises cloud server, heat-exchange system controller connects cloud server, cloud server and heat-exchange system client's side link, wherein the data of measurement are passed to cloud server by heat-exchange system controller, then send measurement data to heat-exchange system client by cloud server, the inflow temperature that heat-exchange system operator is obtained by residual heat system client, determine whether to start ancillary heating equipment.The present invention can according to field demand directly by the control program in client renewal cloud server and parameter, and cloud server is connected to reach the control to system with controller by client, and does not need attendant to go to on-the-spot renewal, and flexibility is strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of waste heat utilization, belong to F27 tunnel cave field.
Background technology
Along with China's rapid economic development, energy resource consumption increases day by day, and the problem that urban air quality goes from bad to worse is also outstanding all the more, and the problem of economize energy and the discharge of minimizing environment harmful is extremely urgent.In common field of heat energy power, high, the with serious pollution one of the main reasons of energy consumption is the excessive discharge temperature of gas, namely wastes mass energy, causes environmental pollution again.Tunnel cave industry is a highly energy-consuming, the industry of high pollution.In the tail gas that tunnel cave produces, dust content is high, poor quality.Tunnel cave bootstrap system can carry out recycling to using waste heat from tail gas, realizes the object of energy-saving and emission-reduction.But in relevant bootstrap system, how utility maximizes is avoided cold end corrosion simultaneously, these problems demand solve.
Traditional residual heat of tunnel kiln utilizes and comprises bootstrap system, controller and home server.Home server receives the information that controller sends, by the operating scheme that pre-set control programs in home server and parameter obtain, controller controls residual heat system according to the operating scheme that home server obtains and runs, and the operating scheme that namely operation of residual heat system can only obtain according to the control program preset in home server and parameter runs.But, residual heat system field conditions is complicated and changeable, when the operating scheme that home server obtains cannot meet the demand of field conditions, attendant is needed to arrive at the on-the-spot control program and the parameter that upgrade home server, so that home server is met the operating scheme of field conditions, the control program in home server and parameter cannot be adjusted neatly.I.e. bootstrap system very flexible.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of new afterheat utilization system of tunnel furnace.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of afterheat utilization system of tunnel furnace, described system comprises tunnel cave, main airway, bypass air flue and air-water heat exchanger, the gas that described tunnel cave produces enters air-water heat exchanger by bypass air flue entrance, and the gas after heat exchange discharges after becoming owner of air flue by the outlet of bypass air flue;
Described system comprises heat-exchange system further, described heat-exchange system comprises hot water feeding pipe, cold-water return pipe, inflow temperature sensor, heat exchanger, described air-water heat exchanger connects hot water feeding pipe and cold-water return pipe, hot water feeding pipe is connected with heat exchanger, heat exchanger entrance pipeline is arranged inflow temperature sensor, for measuring the inflow temperature of heat exchanger;
Hot water feeding pipe arranges ancillary heating equipment, described ancillary heating equipment is connected with heat-exchange system controller data, heat-exchange system controller comes automatically or start-up by hand ancillary heating equipment according to the inflow temperature of the heat exchanger of inflow temperature sensor measurement, if the inlet temperature calculated is less than predetermined value, then Programmable Logic Controller starts ancillary heating equipment, with the water in heat hot water feed pipe;
It is characterized in that described system comprises cloud server further, heat-exchange system controller connects cloud server, cloud server and heat-exchange system client's side link, wherein the inflow temperature data of the heat exchanger of measurement are passed to cloud server by heat-exchange system controller, then send the inflow temperature data of the heat exchanger of measurement to heat-exchange system client by cloud server.
The inflow temperature that heat-exchange system operator is obtained by heat-exchange system client, determines whether to start ancillary heating equipment.
Described tunnel cave is the drying unit of sheet material, described drying unit comprises casing, heater block, temperature sensor, Programmable Logic Controller and conveyer belt, described conveyer belt is through casing, and conveyer belt arranges speed control unit, and speed control unit and Programmable Logic Controller carry out data cube computation; Heater block and temperature sensor are arranged in casing, and heater block is connected with Programmable Logic Controller with temperature sensor; Programmable Logic Controller, according to the thickness of sheet material and moisture content, adjusts the heating-up temperature of casing and the speed of conveyer belt automatically;
Transfer rate and heating and temperature control mode as follows: in Programmable Logic Controller stored in reference data sheet metal thickness be L, quality moisture content is S, the temperature of heating is T, the transfer rate of conveyer belt to be V be sheet metal thickness be L, quality moisture content be S time, the absolute temperature of the heating needed is T, and the transfer rate of conveyer belt is V;
When the thickness of sheet material is for becoming l, quality moisture content is that when becoming s, the biography speed of conveyer belt and heating-up temperature meet following relation:
V and t is variable, and the relation of the transfer rate of heating-up temperature and conveyer belt is as follows:
(v*t)/(V*T)=g*(s/S)
e* (l/L)
f, wherein g, e, f are parameter, and g meets following formula:
（s/S）/（l/L）>1,0.95<g<0.98;
（s/S）/（l/L）<1,1.04<g<1.08;
（s/S）/（l/L）=1,0.98<g<1.04;
1.10<e<1.15,1.18<f<1.20;
The following condition of demand fulfillment in above-mentioned formula: 0.8<s/S<1.2,0.8<l/L<1.2;
Choose in above-mentioned formula ((1-v/V)
2+ (1-t/T)
2) minimum one group of v and t of value;
In above-mentioned formula, temperature T, t are absolute temperature, and unit is K, and be the average heating-up temperature in casing, speed V, v unit is m/s, and sheet metal thickness L, l are centimetre that moisture content s, S are mass percent.
Described tunnel cave comprises preheated zone and heating region.
The furnace wall, tunnel of preheating zone and/or the thermal treatment zone arranges first row gas port and/or second exhaust port, and first row gas port and/or second exhaust port are connected to main airway.
Described cloud server is connected by Ethernet with described heat-exchange system controller.
Described heat-exchange system controller comprises the first communication unit; Described cloud server comprises the second communication unit; Described first communication unit is connected with the second communication unit of described cloud server.
ICP/IP protocol is adopted to be connected between first communication unit with the second communication unit.
Ancillary heating equipment is electric heating equipment.
Ancillary heating equipment is boiler.Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1) cloud server should be adopted to substitute traditional home server based on the control system of cloud computing.When operating scheme does not meet field demand, can according to field demand directly by the control program in Ethernet renewal cloud server and parameter, cloud server is by being connected to reach the control to system with controller with mobile network.When namely upgrading control program and parameter, directly by upgrading with network, and do not need attendant to go to on-the-spot renewal, flexibility is strong.
2) best tunnel cave control rate and the relational expression of temperature is drawn by large quantity research.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of afterheat utilization system of tunnel furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of afterheat utilization system of tunnel furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of user's radiator of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the cross sectional representation of finned tube;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of Fig. 4 from the embodiment of viewed from left side;
Fig. 6 is that Fig. 4 is from the embodiment schematic diagram optimized of viewed from left side;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of a tunnel cave of the present invention embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of another embodiment of tunnel cave of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the floor map that in tunnel cave casing of the present invention, temperature sensor is arranged;
Figure 10 is the control flow chart of tunnel cave operational mode one of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the control flow chart of tunnel cave operational mode two of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the control flow chart of tunnel cave operational mode three of the present invention.
Reference numeral is as follows:
1 tunnel cave, 2 main airway control valves, 3 bypass air flue control valves, 4 blower fans, 5 airway temperature sensors, 6 air-water heat exchangers, 7 hot water feeding pipes, 8 cold-water return pipes, 9 control valves, 10 flowmeters, 11 inflow temperature sensors, 12 leaving water temperature sensors, 13 heat exchangers, 14 heat user feed pipes, 15 heat user return pipes, 16 circulating pumps, 17 calorimeters, 18 heat-exchange system controllers, 19 cooling system controllers, 20 upper headers, the part of fin is not had in 21 base tubes, 22 finned tubes, 23 lower collector pipe, 24 base tubes, 25 first fins, 26 gaps, 27 first braces, 28 second fins, 29 the 4th fins, 30 the 3rd fins, 31 second braces, 32 user's radiator inlet temperature sensors, 33 user's radiator outlet temperature sensors, 34 user's radiator flowmeters, 35 calorimeters, 36 user's radiator valves, 37 main airways, 38 bypass air flues, 39 bypass air flue entrances, 40 bypass air passage outlet, 41 ancillary heating equipment, 42 frequency converting induced draft fans, 43 residual heat system controllers, 44 cloud servers, 45 heat-exchange system clients, 46 cooling system clients, 47 residual heat system clients, 48 casings, 49 conveyer belts, 50 heater blocks, 51 temperature detectors, 52 Programmable Logic Controllers, 53 entrances, 54 tunnel cave temperature sensors, 55 sheet materials, 56 delivery wheels.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1-2, a kind of afterheat utilization system of tunnel furnace comprises residual heat system, heat-exchange system and cooling system, wherein carry out heat exchange by air-water heat exchanger 6 between residual heat system with heat-exchange system to be connected, between heat-exchange system and cooling system, carry out heat exchange connection by heat exchanger 13.
Preferably, described system comprises residual heat system controller 43 further, and residual heat system controller 43 connects cloud server 44, and cloud server 44 is connected with residual heat system client 47.Wherein the data of measurement are passed to cloud server 44 by residual heat system controller 43, then residual heat system client is sent to by cloud server 44, residual heat system client 47 can obtain the operation information of residual heat system in time, such as comprise the data etc. of measurement, the operation information that residual heat system operator can also be obtained by residual heat system client 47, by residual heat system client 47 input control parameter to cloud server, send residual heat system controller to by cloud server and control.
Preferably, described system comprises heat-exchange system controller 18 further, and heat-exchange system controller 18 connects cloud server 44, and cloud server 44 is connected with heat-exchange system client 45.Wherein the data of measurement, the information of control are passed to cloud server 44 by heat-exchange system controller 18, then heat-exchange system client 45 is sent to by cloud server 44, heat-exchange system client 45 can obtain the operation information of heat-exchange system in time, such as comprise the data etc. of measurement, the operation information that heat-exchange system operator can also be obtained by heat-exchange system client 45, by heat-exchange system client 45 input control parameter to cloud server, send heat-exchange system controller to by cloud server and control.
Preferably, described system comprises cooling system controller 19 further, and cooling system controller 19 connects cloud server 44, and cloud server 44 is connected with cooling system client 46.Wherein the data of measurement, the information of control are passed to cloud server 44 by cooling system controller 19, then cooling system client 46 is sent to by cloud server 44, cooling system client 46 can obtain the operation information of cooling system in time, such as comprise the data etc. of measurement, the operation information that cooling system operator can also be obtained by cooling system client 46, by cooling system client 46 input control parameter to cloud server, send cooling system controller to by cloud server, cooling system is controlled.
Preferably, described cloud server is connected by Ethernet with described controller.
Preferably, described controller 43,18,19 comprises the first communication unit respectively; Described cloud server 44 comprises the second communication unit; First communication unit of described controller is connected with the second communication unit of described cloud server 44.Be connected as ICP/IP protocol can be adopted between the first communication unit with the second communication unit.
Preferably, described client 45,46,47 comprises the 3rd communication unit respectively; 3rd communication unit of described client 45,46,47 is connected with the second communication unit of described cloud server 44.As the 3rd communication unit is connected with adopting ICP/IP protocol between the second communication unit.
Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of afterheat utilization system of tunnel furnace, described system comprises tunnel cave 1, main airway 37, bypass air flue 38 and air-water heat exchanger 6, the gas that described tunnel cave produces enters air-water heat exchanger 6 by bypass air flue entrance 39, and the gas after heat exchange discharges after flowing into main airway 37 by the outlet 40 of bypass air flue.
Main airway control valve 2 is set between the bypass air flue entrance 39 and bypass air passage outlet 40 of main airway 37, for regulating the gas flow of main airway, bypass air flue control valve 3 is set on bypass air flue 38 simultaneously, regulates the gas flow of bypass air flue.
Described system comprises airway temperature sensor 5 further, and described airway temperature sensor 5 is arranged on the downstream of the outlet 40 of the bypass air flue of main airway 37, for measuring the temperature of emission gases.Described system comprises residual heat system controller 43, residual heat system controller 43 and temperature sensor 5, main airway control valve 2 and bypass air flue control valve 3 carry out data cube computation, residual heat system controller 43 adjusts the aperture of main airway control valve and bypass air flue control valve, to avoid cold end corrosion automatically according to the delivery temperature of temperature sensor measurement.
If the temperature measured is too low, then residual heat system controller 43 is by tuning up the aperture of main airway control valve 2, reduces the aperture of bypass air flue control valve 4 simultaneously.By reducing the gas flow entering bypass air flue like this, avoid because too much gas carries out heat exchange and causes delivery temperature too low.
Preferably, the aperture that user can input main airway control valve 2 and bypass air flue control valve 4 by residual heat system client 47 carrys out Non-follow control.
Certainly, as a preferred embodiment, main airway control valve and bypass air flue control valve can not be set, as shown in Figure 2, only the frequency converting induced draft fan 42 with residual heat system controller 43 data cube computation is set on bypass air flue, regulates by the frequency changing frequency converting induced draft fan 42 gas flow entering bypass air flue 40.If the temperature measured is too low, then residual heat system controller 43 reduces by the frequency turning frequency converting induced draft fan 42 down the gas flow entering bypass air flue, avoids because too much gas carries out heat exchange and causes delivery temperature too low, thus avoids cold end corrosion.
Preferably, the running frequency that user can input frequency converting induced draft fan 42 by residual heat system client 47 carrys out Non-follow control.
Preferably, air-water heat exchanger 6 is shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
As shown in Figure 1, described system comprises hot water feeding pipe 7 further, cold-water return pipe 8, control valve 9, inflow temperature sensor 11, leaving water temperature sensors 12, heat exchanger 13, heat user flow pipe 14, heat user return pipe 15, user's radiator, circulating pump 16, flowmeter 10, calorimeter 17, heat-exchange system controller 18, cooling system controller 19, described hot water feeding pipe 7 is connected with heat exchanger 13, hot water feeding pipe 7 arranges control valve 9, for regulating the flow of the hot water entering heat exchanger 13, pipeline between control valve 9 and heat exchanger 13 is arranged inflow temperature sensor 11, for measuring the inflow temperature of heat exchanger 13,
As one preferably, only bypass air flue control valve can be set on bypass air flue, do not need to arrange main airway control valve, regulate the gas flow of bypass air flue, bypass air flue control valve is connected with residual heat system controller data, and residual heat system controller regulates the aperture of control valve according to the inflow temperature of the heat exchanger 13 of temperature sensor measurement, if inflow temperature is too high, then reduce the aperture of control valve accordingly, if inflow temperature is too low, then increase the aperture of control valve accordingly.Arrange like this and can make full use of heat energy, avoid heat too much and cause waste or very few and cause deficiency.
Heat exchanger 13 is connected with heat user feed pipe 14 and heat user return pipe 15, heat user radiator (see Fig. 1-2) is connected between heat user feed pipe 14 and heat user return pipe 15, the water of heat user return pipe 15 carries out heat exchange by the hot water provided with the steam-water heat exchanger in heat exchanger 13, and then is arrived in user's radiator by heat user feed pipe 14 and heat; Described circulating pump 16 is arranged on heat user return pipe 15;
Heat exchanger 13 is connected with cold-water return pipe 8, and cold-water return pipe 8 arranges flowmeter 10, for detecting the flow of the water in cold-water return pipe 8; Cold-water return pipe 8 between flowmeter 10 and heat exchanger 13 sets out water temperature sensor, for measuring the leaving water temperature of heat exchanger 13;
Heat user radiator is the multiple of parallel connection, and Fig. 1-2 show only two, but is not limited to two, and conveniently, the associated components related in radiator parallel transistor in Fig. 1-2, such as temperature sensor, flowmeter etc. show only one.
The outlet pipe of each heat user radiator is arranged flowmeter 34, for detecting the flow of the water in radiator, the water inlet of each heat user radiator and delivery port arrange inflow temperature sensor 32 and leaving water temperature sensors 33 respectively, be respectively used to the inflow temperature and the leaving water temperature that detect radiator, calorimeter 35 respectively with flowmeter 34, inflow temperature sensor 33 and leaving water temperature sensors 34 data cube computation, for calculating the heat that heat user expends; The water inlet pipe of each heat user radiator is provided with flow control valve 36, for regulating separately the flow entering the water of radiator, described Programmable Logic Controller 18 and calorimeter 35, control valve 36 data cube computation, for automatically controlling afterheat utilization system of tunnel furnace; The data that the heat of user uses are passed to cooling system controller 19 by calorimeter 35, the heat that cooling system controller 19 is bought according to user contrasts with the heat used at present, if heat is finished, cooling system controller 19 controls to adjust valve 36 and cuts out completely.
Calorimeter can be real-time by user use heat be supplied to cooling system controller, also can provide according to the regular hour, such as every day carries out lump-sum settlement.Cooling system controller is supplied to cooling system client by cloud server 44.User can carry out heat inquiry into balance by cooling system client, the operations such as heat are bought in payment.
Cooling system controller 19 calculates the remaining heat of user automatically, and when user's heat surplus reaches the first data, Programmable Logic Controller adjustment control valve 36 is to the first aperture lower than normal aperture; When user's heat surplus reaches lower than the first data second data, Programmable Logic Controller adjustment control valve is to the second aperture lower than the first aperture; When user's heat surplus reaches lower than the second data the 3rd data, Programmable Logic Controller adjustment control valve is to the 3rd aperture lower than the second aperture; When user's heat surplus reaches lower than the 3rd data the 4th data, Programmable Logic Controller adjustment control valve is to the 4th aperture lower than the 3rd aperture; When user's heat surplus reaches lower than the 4th data the 5th data, Programmable Logic Controller adjustment control valve is to the 5th aperture lower than the 4th aperture; When user's heat surplus reaches lower than the 5th data the 6th data, Programmable Logic Controller adjustment control valve is to the 6th aperture lower than the 5th aperture; Last when user's heat surplus reaches close to zero, Programmable Logic Controller adjustment control valve cuts out completely.
Cooling system controller is by the above-mentioned operation of progressively cutting out the operate power of control valve and reduction pump, heating stopping progressively can being made, such user just can feel that heating amount is in decline gradually, thus its heat knowing that you buy has been closed on be finished, need to buy as early as possible.
Above-mentioned operation can complete in regular hour section, has completed such as, in several days or in the week, and such user could feel the minimizing of heating amount gradually, thus reminds him initiatively to buy heat.
Preferably, cooling system client is mobile terminal.
Above-mentioned user operation can be realized by cooling system client, thus realize without cassette heat charging administration system, achieve charge and heat supply network supplement with money without card transmission, heat user obtains the payment password obtained according to payment number afterwards in payment, and supplement with money in unit operation hypervisor within a certain period of time, supplement the rear amount of money with money and password all lost efficacy, thus greatly reduce the financial risks in heat supply network charge.
As preferably, described heat-exchange system controller 18 carries out data cube computation with calorimeter 17, described calorimeter 17 carries out data cube computation with inflow temperature sensor 11, leaving water temperature sensors 12 and flowmeter 10, and calculates according to the flow of the inflow temperature measured, leaving water temperature and water the total amount of heat inputing to user; The contrast of the heat expended by the total amount of heat and each user that calculate input user, thermal loss rate can be calculated, if loss late is excessive, then should carry out scale removal work to system in time, the cost of reasonable computation units of heat can also be carried out simultaneously according to thermal loss rate.
Described heat-exchange system controller 18 carries out data cube computation with control valve 9, when radiator control valve 36 because the heat consumption of user is complete or be about to consumption complete and cause aperture to change time, now, heat-exchange system controller 18 regulates the aperture of control valve 9 automatically according to the aperture of control valve 36, thus the hot water of input heat exchanger 13 is changed accordingly, such as, reduce accordingly, with economize energy.
As one preferably, hot water feeding pipe arranges ancillary heating equipment, described ancillary heating equipment 32 is connected with heat-exchange system controller eighteen data, and heat-exchange system controller starts ancillary heating equipment automatically according to the inflow temperature of the heat exchanger 13 that inflow temperature sensor 11 is measured.If the inlet temperature calculated is less than predetermined value, then Programmable Logic Controller 20 starts ancillary heating equipment 7, with the water on heat hot water feed pipe.Adopt the main purpose of ancillary heating equipment be avoid because gas waste heat quantity not sufficient and the problem of heat exchange quantity not sufficient that causes.The main cause of heat exchange quantity not sufficient is because the heat exchange quantity not sufficient entering bypass gas causes, such as, in order to avoid cold end corrosion.
As the technical scheme that can be replaced, heat-exchange system controller can start ancillary heating equipment automatically by the heat exchange amount measuring heat exchanger 13.If the heat exchange amount of heat exchanger 13 is lower than certain numerical value, then automatically start.The heat exchange amount of heat exchanger can be obtained by calorimeter 17.
As one preferably, ancillary heating equipment is electric heating equipment.
Have choosing as another, ancillary heating equipment is boiler.
Heat-exchange system user by heat-exchange system client input information, can determine whether start ancillary heating equipment.
Certainly, the data of all measurements noted earlier can send to corresponding client by cloud server, corresponding client can receive the measurement data of corresponding system timely, and the data that even can realize the measurement of residual heat system, heat-exchange system and cooling system are shared mutually on the client.The information of above-mentioned all controls can input corresponding parameter by corresponding client, then sends corresponding controller to by cloud server and carries out long-range hand-guided, comprise the operation of switch related system.Certainly, operator can obtain the corresponding parameter measured in time by corresponding client.
Certainly, present invention also offers a kind of radiator, this kind of radiator can be protected as independent radiator product.
Described heat user radiator is finned tubular radiator, comprise upper header 20, lower collector pipe 23 and be connected the finned tube 22 of upper header 20 and lower collector pipe 23, described finned tube 22 comprises circular base tube 24 and the first fin 25, second fin 28, first fin 25 and the second fin 28 are arranged on the outside of base tube 24 and the extended line of the first fin 25 and the second fin 28 intersects at the central axis of the base tube at the place, the center of circle of base tube 26, and the first fin 25 and the second fin 28 are along the first plane B specular by base tube central axis; Described finned tube comprises the 3rd fin 30 and the 4th fin 29, described 3rd fin 30, the 4th fin 29 along the second plane C respectively with the first fin 25 and the second fin 28 specular, described second plane C is vertical with the first plane B and through the central axis of base tube 24; Between described first fin 25 and the second fin 28, first brace 27 is set, the second brace 31, first brace 27 is set between described 3rd fin 30 and the 4th fin 33 and the second brace 31 is circular arc type metallic plate; The central axis of described circular arc-shaped metal plate and the central axes of base tube 24; Described base tube is straight tube, and the central axis of described adjacent base tube is parallel to each other.
As one preferably, described heat exchanger 13 is heat-exchangers of the plate type.
As one preferably, as shown in Figure 5,6, the first fin of described radiator and the fin height of the second fin diminish from the bottom of user's radiator gradually to top.By such setting, can make in the flow process of air in the space of fin, gap 26 area is more and more less, thus makes its flow velocity more and more faster, and chimney effect is more and more obvious, thus strengthens heat exchange.
As one preferably, the amplitude that the first fin of described radiator and the fin height of the second fin diminish from the bottom of user's radiator gradually to top is more and more lower.Experiment proves, in radiator, by such setting, the amplitude that heat transfer effect will obviously be better than changing is constant or become large situation gradually.
As one preferably, the first fin of described radiator and the fin height of the second fin are parabolic structure from the bottom of user's radiator to top.This set is that the change of fin serves fairshaped effect, reaches best heat transfer effect, simultaneously because extend a part outside bottom, makes more air enter gap.
For two kinds of situations of Figure 11 and Figure 12, the fin of radiator still can adopt the angle between described first fin and the second fin to be A, the length of the first fin and the second fin is L, the outer radius of base tube is R, along the formula that base tube fin height H axially meets, but consideration ease of processing, in the height direction finned tube can be divided into a few part, every part takes average fin height H, but length L remains unchanged, adopt the mode of total length, determine included angle A by average fin height.
Directly can certainly will adopt average fin height, calculate an angle, the height angle along fin remains unchanged.
Certainly, in particular cases, because the difficulty manufactured, fin also not necessarily have to meet the optimization formula of above-mentioned several parameters, also can be set to the mode being convenient to manufacture, such as shown in Figure 6, fin is the mode of straight line, remain unchanged highly always, but the distance in the center of circle of circular arc closure plate distance finned tube base tube, and the height along base tube constantly reduces.
As preferably, the distance in the center of circle of circular arc closure plate distance finned tube base tube, in short transverse, the streamlined change of parabolically formula, simultaneously because extend a part outside bottom, makes more air enter gap
Certainly, the embodiment of Figure 12, also can meet the formula of above-mentioned optimization, but manufactures cumbersome.
The material preferably aluminium alloy of base tube and fin, the mass percent of the component of described aluminium alloy is as follows: 1.4%Cu, 2.8%Mg, 3.2%Ag, 1.2%Mn, 0.42%Zr, 0.15%Fe, 1.18%Ti, 18.38%Si, 0.4%Cr, 1.1%Ni, and all the other are Al.
The manufacture method of aluminium alloy is: adopt vacuum metallurgy melting, and argon for protecting pouring becomes circle base, through 600 DEG C of Homogenization Treatments, at 400 DEG C, adopts and is hot extruded into bar, and then after 580 DEG C of solution hardening, carry out artificial aging process at 200 DEG C.Thermal conductivity factor for be greater than 250W/ (m*k) under 50-70 degree celsius temperature.
As preferably, tunnel cave 1 is sheet material drying unit.
As shown in Figure 7, a kind of drying unit of sheet material 55, comprise casing 48, heater block 50, temperature sensor 54, Programmable Logic Controller 52 and conveyer belt 49, described conveyer belt 49 is through casing 48, heater block 50 and temperature sensor 54 are arranged in casing 46, and heater block 50 is connected with Programmable Logic Controller 52 with temperature sensor 54.
It should be noted that, sheet material herein refers to the material of tabular, the timber, warming plate etc. of such as tabular.
As preferably, conveyer belt arranges speed control unit, and speed control unit and Programmable Logic Controller 52 carry out data cube computation, and Programmable Logic Controller 52 Negotiation speed control assembly controls the speed of conveyer belt.
As preferably, speed control unit comprises speed detecting component, and the conveyer belt data of detection are sent to Programmable Logic Controller by speed detecting component, and Programmable Logic Controller adjusts the power of conveyer belt motor according to the data detected.If the speed detected is less than the data that Programmable Logic Controller calculates, increase the power of motor, otherwise, reduce the power of motor.Preferably, the transfer rate of conveyer belt is adjusted by the rotating speed of Electric Machine Control delivery wheel 56.
As preferably, the temperature sensor in casing is multiple, calculates mean temperature by the mean value arranging multiple temperature sensor measurement data.
As preferably, the perpendicular longitudinal direction of the axial direction that the temperature sensor in casing is set to transmit along conveyer belt arranges many rows, and distance of each row is identical.
As preferably, as shown in Figure 9, the arrangement mode of the temperature sensor 54 of adjacent row is wrong row.By the mode that mistake is arranged, the temperature of longitudinally upper axially different position can be obtained, avoid only measuring same temperature axially, ensure the accuracy of measurement data.
As preferably, casing 48 is cross sections is trapezoidal cavitys, and entrance 53 and outlet arrange Electrically operated gate, and the aperture of described Electrically operated gate can regulate.Central controller regulates the aperture of Electrically operated gate automatically according to the thickness of sheet material of input, prevents that aperture is excessive causes energy loss, has reached the object of economize energy.
As preferably, also comprise temperature detector 51, certainly, temperature detector is conversion sensor reading, sends it to PLC, when necessary, directly the data of temperature sensor measurement directly can be sent to controller, or set temperature detector, such as Fig. 7 in controller.
Preferably, the transfer rate of conveyer belt is 0.4-0.6m/s.
As preferably, arrange the thermal treatment zone in casing, along conveyer belt direction of transfer, Heating Zone Temperature is that continuity distribution reduces gradually.Make sheet material more and more higher along with degree of drying like this, need heat fewer and feweri, thus save energy.
As preferably, along conveyer belt direction of transfer, the range of decrease of the temperature of the thermal treatment zone increases gradually.If temperature t to be set to the function of the distance x of distance thermal treatment zone entrance, t=f(x), then in the thermal treatment zone, f'(x) <0, f''(x) >0, wherein f'(x), f''(x) be f(x respectively) first order derivative and second derivative.
T is the mean temperature on X position cross section.In practice can by arranging the mean temperature of multiple temperature sensor measurement, or the mean temperature on the cross section measured by infrared radiation thermometer.
Show by experiment, by the change of said temperature and the change of amplification, the drying of sheet material can be made to obtain best effect, but also can economize energy.
Why limit the thermal treatment zone herein, be because casing in also preheating zone may be set, the thermal treatment zone be herein exactly preheating zone after heating region.Certainly, sometimes preheating zone is not set, only the thermal treatment zone is set.
Preferably, the temperature range of oven dry is 85-120 DEG C.
As preferably, described heater block 50 comprises infrared heating parts and heating using microwave parts two kinds, and in the thermal treatment zone, infrared heating parts are arranged closer to tank outlet than heating using microwave parts.Main cause is that infrared heating parts are different with the principle that heating using microwave parts heat, because sheet material passed through heating using microwave before this, the hydrone in sheet material is made just to produce the motion of vibration and rotational energy level, other molecules of surrounding are rubbed fast, thus accelerate hydrone from the inner outwards evaporation of sheet material, by the time when hydrone evaporate near plate surface substantially, then carry out baking type heating by infrared heating parts, thus accelerate the drying of sheet material.
Preferably, arrange heating part in casing, heating using microwave component distribution is distribution in heating section inlet to the 1/2-2/3 position range of heating part length, and the remainder of heating part distributes infrared heating parts.So arrange and can reach energy-conservation and the best that is drying effect.Wherein heating part length is the length that heating section inlet exports to heating part.
In practical work process, need a best relation between the speed of conveyer belt and heating-up temperature, if the excessive velocities of conveyer belt, then the heat time is short, can affect heating quality, if the speed of conveyer belt is excessively slow, the heat time is long, then may waste too many energy, in like manner, if heating-up temperature is too low, heating quality can be affected, if heating-up temperature is too high, can cause wasting too many energy.Therefore by a large amount of experiments, the relation between best heating-up temperature and transfer rate has been drawn.
Thickness and humidity that described drying unit can realize according to heating sheet material adjust heating-up temperature and conveyer belt transfer rate automatically.Control mode is as follows: when supposing that sheet metal thickness is L, quality moisture content is S, and in casing, the temperature of heating is T(absolute temperature), time the transfer rate of conveyer belt is V, represent the drying effect meeting certain condition.Above-mentioned sheet metal thickness is L, quality moisture content is that S, speed V and temperature T are called root thickness, reference humidity, reference speed and fiducial temperature, i.e. reference data.Described reference data stores in the programmable controller.
Reference data represents the data of the drying effect meeting certain condition.Can be such as satisfied certain drying effect, such as drying effect is sheet material moisture content be 0.02%, or when reaching certain drying effect, the energy expended is minimum.Certainly preferred condition is when reaching certain drying effect, and the minimum data of the energy expended are as reference data.
The temperature adjusted by following formula and speed also can meet the drying effect of the certain condition that reference data reaches substantially.
When the thickness of sheet material is for becoming l, quality moisture content is when becoming s, and the temperature of heating and speed meet one of following three kinds of different operational modes:
First mode: v keeps reference speed V constant, and heating-up temperature change is as follows:
T=T*(s/S)
a* (l/L)
b, wherein a, b are parameter, 1.07<a<1.13,1.15<b<1.20; Preferably, a=1.10, b=1.18;
Second pattern: t keeps fiducial temperature T constant, and the transfer rate change of conveyer belt is as follows:
V/v=(s/S)
c* (l/L)
d, wherein c, d are parameter, 1.12<c<1.18,1.25<d<1.29; Preferably, c=1.15, d=1.27
3rd pattern: v and t is variable, the relation of the transfer rate of heating-up temperature and conveyer belt is as follows:
(v*t)/(V*T)=g*(s/S)
e* (l/L)
f, wherein g, e, f are parameter, and g meets following formula:
(s/S)/(l/L) >1,0.95<g<0.98; Preferably, g=0.96;
(s/S)/(l/L) <1,1.04<g<1.08; Preferably, g=1.06;
(s/S)/(l/L)=1,0.98<g<1.04; Preferably, g=1.02;
Preferably, the 3rd pattern is chosen ((1-v/V)
2+ (1-t/T)
2) minimum one group of v and t of value; First group of v and t met the demands can certainly be selected, also can select one group immediately from v and t satisfied condition;
1.10<e<1.15,1.18<f<1.20; Preferably, e=1.13, f=1.19.
The wherein following condition of demand fulfillment in the formula of above-mentioned Three models: 0.8<s/S<1.2,0.8<l/L<1.2.
Above-mentioned formula is through a large amount of actual verification, meets the needs of sheet material actual drying completely.
In actual applications, store in Programmable Logic Controller and organize reference data more, then the data (sheet metal thickness and sheet material moisture content) that input according to user of Programmable Logic Controller, meeting 0.8<s/S<1.2, in 0.8<l/L<1.2 situation, automatically selecting suitable reference data as foundation.
Preferably, when under appearance two groups or many group reference data situations, the interface of the reference data that user can be provided to select, preferred, system can be selected automatically ((1-s/S)
2+ (1-l/L)
2) minimum one of value.
Described Three models only can store one in the programmable controller, also can store two kinds or three kinds in the programmable controller.
In time having multiple temperature sensor, heating-up temperature is the mean temperature of multiple temperature sensor measurement in casing.
In above-mentioned formula, temperature T, t are absolute temperature, and unit is K, and speed V, v unit is m/s, and sheet metal thickness L, l are cm(centimetre), moisture content s, S are mass percent.
Preferably, when adjusting temperature, the heating power of the heater block of all thermals treatment zone takes identical amplification or the range of decrease, such as, increase by 10% all simultaneously.
Preferably, when adjusting temperature, the heating power of all thermal treatment zone heater blocks takes different amplification or the range of decrease, and along with the direction of transfer of conveyer belt, the amplitude that the heating power of the heater block of the thermal treatment zone increases or reduces reduces gradually, such as, along the direction of transfer of conveyer belt, heater block above increases by 15%, increase successively 12% below, 11%, etc.
Preferably, arrange preheating zone in casing, preheating zone is arranged on the front portion of the thermal treatment zone and is connected with the thermal treatment zone.In preheating zone, along conveyer belt direction of transfer, the temperature of preheating zone is continuity distribution rising gradually, and preferably along conveyer belt direction of transfer, the amplification of temperature increases gradually.If temperature t to be set to the function of the distance x of distance entrance, t=f(x), then in preheating zone, f'(x) >0, f''(x) >0, wherein f'(x), f''(x) be f(x respectively) first order derivative and second derivative.
T is the mean temperature on X position cross section.In practice can by arranging the mean temperature of multiple temperature sensor measurement, or the mean temperature on the cross section measured by infrared radiation thermometer.
Show by experiment, by the change of said temperature and the change of amplification, the preheating of sheet material can be made to obtain extraordinary effect, but also can economize energy more than 10%.
When arranging preheating zone, the temperature T of preceding formula, t be comprise preheating zone together with the thermal treatment zone mean temperature, the temperature by preheating zone and the thermal treatment zone is considered as a mean temperature.
When arranging preheating zone, preferably, when adjusting temperature, the heating power of the heater block of all preheating zones takes identical amplification or the range of decrease, such as, increase by 10% all simultaneously.
Preferably, when adjusting temperature, the heating power of preheating zone heater block takes different amplification or the range of decrease, and along with the direction of transfer of conveyer belt, the amplitude that the heating power of the heater block of preheating zone increases or reduces raises gradually, such as, along the direction of transfer of conveyer belt, heater block above increases by 8%, increase successively 10% below, 11%, etc.
By the change of above-mentioned amplification, can very big economize energy, compared with identical with amplification, and fully can ensure the accuracy of dry result.Prove by experiment, the situation of amplification change, error is less, and heating effect is better.
The invention also discloses a kind of method realizing drying equipment intelligent operation, comprise the steps:
1) store one group or organize reference data first in the programmable controller more: sheet metal thickness is L, quality moisture content is S, in casing the temperature of heating be T(absolute temperature), the transfer rate of conveyer belt is V;
2) thickness of input slab and water content on operation interface;
3) Programmable Logic Controller is according to the thickness of the sheet material of input and water content, and user selects perform or automatically perform (when such as only having a kind of operational mode) one of three patterns below:
First mode.V keeps reference speed V constant, and heating-up temperature change is as follows:
T=T*(s/S)
a* (l/L)
b, wherein a, b are parameter, 1.07<a<1.13,1.15<b<1.20; Preferably, a=1.10, b=1.18;
Second pattern.T keeps fiducial temperature T constant, and the transfer rate change of conveyer belt is as follows:
V/v=(s/S)
c* (l/L)
d, wherein c, d are parameter, 1.12<c<1.18,1.25<d<1.29; Preferably, c=1.15, d=1.27
3rd pattern.V and t is variable, and the relation of the transfer rate of heating-up temperature and conveyer belt is as follows:
(v*t)/(V*T)=g*(s/S)
e* (l/L)
f, wherein g, e, f are parameter, and g meets following formula:
(s/S)/(l/L) >1,0.95<g<0.98; Preferably, g=0.96;
(s/S)/(l/L) <1,1.04<g<1.08; Preferably, g=1.06;
(s/S)/(l/L)=1,0.98<g<1.04; Preferably, g=1.02;
Preferably, the 3rd pattern is chosen ((1-v/V)
2+ (1-t/T)
2) minimum one group of v and t of value; First group of v and t met the demands can certainly be selected, also can select one group immediately from v and t satisfied condition;
1.10<e<1.15,1.18<f<1.20; Preferably, e=1.13, f=1.19.
The wherein following condition of demand fulfillment in the formula of above-mentioned Three models: 0.8<s/S<1.2,0.8<l/L<1.2.
4) drying plant starts to carry out drying operation.
As preferably, input in step 1) and organize reference data more;
As preferably, when under appearance two groups or many group reference data situations, the reference data that user can be selected by user interface.
Preferably, system can be selected ((1-s/S) automatically
2+ (1-l/L)
2) the minimum reference data of value.
As preferably, the furnace wall, tunnel of preheating zone and/or the thermal treatment zone arranges first row gas port and/or second exhaust port, and first row gas port and/or second exhaust port are connected to main airway 37.
As preferably, a kind of drying system, comprise drying device, drying control device, cloud server and dry client, drying device is drying unit noted earlier, drying control device is preferably Programmable Logic Controller noted earlier, the data that Programmable Logic Controller will be measured, such as comprise the mean temperature in the transfer rate of conveyer belt, casing, at least one of heating power etc. of heater block be sent to cloud server, dry client is sent to, for the ruuning situation of user's long-range grasp drying plant timely by cloud server.
As preferably, cloud server and the cloud server 44 of described drying system are same server, or different servers.
As preferably, user can according to the ruuning situation of drying plant (such as comprising at least one of heating power etc. of the mean temperature in the transfer rate of conveyer belt, casing, heater block), by client input parameter, send cloud server to, controller is sent to regulate operational factor, such as the speed of service, heating power, line speed etc. by cloud server.As preferably, user can pass through client input switch machine signal, sends cloud server to, sends controller to carry out switching on and shutting down by cloud server.As preferably, user can input operational mode by client and select signal, sends cloud server to, sends controller to carry out selected operational mode by cloud server.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, the present invention is not defined in this.Any those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all can make various changes or modifications, and therefore protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim limited range.
Claims (4)
1. an afterheat utilization system of tunnel furnace, described system comprises tunnel cave, main airway, bypass air flue and air-water heat exchanger, the gas that described tunnel cave produces enters air-water heat exchanger by bypass air flue entrance, and the gas after heat exchange enters the laggard row discharge of main airway by the outlet flow of bypass air flue; Described system comprises heat-exchange system further, described heat-exchange system comprises hot water feeding pipe, cold-water return pipe, inflow temperature sensor, heat exchanger, described air-water heat exchanger connects hot water feeding pipe and cold-water return pipe, hot water feeding pipe is connected with heat exchanger, heat exchanger entrance pipeline is arranged inflow temperature sensor, for measuring the inflow temperature of heat exchanger;
Hot water feeding pipe arranges ancillary heating equipment, described ancillary heating equipment is connected with heat-exchange system controller data, heat-exchange system controller can start ancillary heating equipment automatically according to the inflow temperature of the heat exchanger of inflow temperature sensor measurement, if the inlet temperature calculated is less than predetermined value, then heat-exchange system controller starts ancillary heating equipment, with the water in heat hot water feed pipe;
Described system comprises cloud server further, heat-exchange system controller connects cloud server, cloud server and heat-exchange system client's side link, wherein the inflow temperature data of the heat exchanger of measurement are passed to cloud server by heat-exchange system controller, then send the inflow temperature data of the heat exchanger of measurement to heat-exchange system client by cloud server;
Described tunnel cave is the drying unit of sheet material, described drying unit comprises casing, heater block, temperature sensor, Programmable Logic Controller and conveyer belt, described conveyer belt is through casing, and conveyer belt arranges speed control unit, and speed control unit and Programmable Logic Controller carry out data cube computation; Heater block and temperature sensor are arranged in casing, and heater block is connected with Programmable Logic Controller with temperature sensor; Programmable Logic Controller, according to the thickness of sheet material and moisture content, adjusts the heating-up temperature of casing and the speed of conveyer belt automatically;
Transfer rate and heating and temperature control mode as follows: in Programmable Logic Controller stored in reference data sheet metal thickness be L, quality moisture content is S, the temperature of heating is T, the transfer rate of conveyer belt to be V be sheet metal thickness be L, quality moisture content be S time, the absolute temperature of the heating needed is T, and the transfer rate of conveyer belt is V;
When the thickness of sheet material is for becoming l, quality moisture content is that when becoming s, the transfer rate of conveyer belt and heating-up temperature meet following relation:
V and t is variable, and the relation of the transfer rate of heating-up temperature and conveyer belt is as follows:
(v*t)/(V*T)=g* (s/S)
e* (l/L)
f, wherein g, e, f are parameter, and g meets following formula:
(s/S)/(l/L)>1,0.95<g<0.98；
(s/S)/(l/L)<1,1.04<g<1.08；
(s/S)/(l/L)＝1,0.98<g<1.04；
1.10<e<1.15,1.18<f<1.20；
The following condition of demand fulfillment in above-mentioned formula: 0.8<s/S<1.2,0.8<l/L<1.2;
Choose in above-mentioned formula ((1-v/V)
2+ (1-t/T)
2) minimum one group of v and t of value;
In above-mentioned formula, temperature T, t are absolute temperature, and unit is K, and be the average heating-up temperature in casing, speed V, v unit is m/s, and sheet metal thickness L, l are centimetre that moisture content s, S are mass percent.
2. afterheat utilization system of tunnel furnace as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the inflow temperature that heat-exchange system operator is obtained by heat-exchange system client, determines whether to start ancillary heating equipment.
3. afterheat utilization system of tunnel furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described tunnel cave comprises preheating zone and the thermal treatment zone.
4. afterheat utilization system of tunnel furnace as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the furnace wall, tunnel of preheating zone and/or the thermal treatment zone arranges first row gas port and/or second exhaust port, and first row gas port and/or second exhaust port are connected to main airway.
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| CN109341332A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-02-15 | 长春光华微电子设备工程中心有限公司 | Tunnel type thermostatic oven |
| CN109539770A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-29 | 太仓联洲机械设备有限公司 | A kind of baking oven Waste Heat Recovery System |
| CN112432536A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-02 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization system for waste gas and waste heat of drying furnace in automobile coating workshop and working method thereof |
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| CN203785075U (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-08-20 | 北京合创三众能源科技股份有限公司 | Solar and GSHP (Ground Source Heat Pump) combined energy supply system on basis of cloud computing |
| CN104713379B (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2016-03-16 | 山东理工大学 | Based on the using residual heat from kiln furnace system of exhaust gas temperature Intelligent adjustment flue control valve opening |
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