CN104533998A - Non-asbestos micro-metal mineral fiber disk type brake block for automobile - Google Patents
Non-asbestos micro-metal mineral fiber disk type brake block for automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN104533998A CN104533998A CN201410825697.6A CN201410825697A CN104533998A CN 104533998 A CN104533998 A CN 104533998A CN 201410825697 A CN201410825697 A CN 201410825697A CN 104533998 A CN104533998 A CN 104533998A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-asbestos micro-metal mineral fiber disk type brake block for an automobile. The non-asbestos micro-metal mineral fiber disk type brake block comprises, by weight, 10-20% of cashew nut shell oil modified phenolic resin, 3-8% of powder butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, 3-8% of fibrous sepiolite, 5-10% of needle-like wollastonite, 15-20% of FKF composite mineral fiber, 5-10% of alumina silicate fiber, 2-6% of paper pulp fiber, 5-10% of cashew nut shell oil friction powder, 5-13% of blanc fixe, 3-15% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-10% of zircon powder, 0.1-0.7% of zinc stearate, 4-7% of chromite ore fines, 1-3% of molybdenum disulfide, 3-6% of expanded vermiculite, 1-5% of calcined coke powder, 1-5% of iron oxide red and 1-6% of rustless iron powder. The production process comprises the steps that the components are pre-mixed and mixed through an automatic mixer, the amount of finally-formed materials is weighted according to the required specification of the disk type brake block, a cold blanket is formed after cooling forming, hot press forming and heat processing are carried out, and the finished product is manufactured through fine machining. The non-asbestos micro-metal mineral fiber automobile disk type brake block has the advantages of being stable in friction abrasion performance, good in mechanical property, excellent in heat recession resisting performance and long in service life.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to brake system of car technical field, particularly relate to a kind of automobile disc brake pad factory formula.
Background technique
Friction material refers to the functional material by realizing transmission and braking with the frictional force (square) produced during mating material generation relative movement, it is one of requisite accessory of industrial transmission, be widely used in the fields such as aircraft, train, automobile, bicycle, a kind of composite material, primarily of Bond, reinforcing material, filler three part composition.
Reinforcing material in the friction material at initial stage mainly asbestos.But since the sixties in 20th century, people recognize that asbestos have certain danger to health gradually.It is in exploitation or production process, fine asbestos fiber easily flies upward and is sucked lung by people in atmosphere, be in people under this environment between long-term than the disease being easier to suffer from asbestosis one class, easily there is the shortcomings such as brake noise, damage antithesis, frictional behaviour instability in high temperature section in asbestos friction material in addition.Therefore develop asbestos-free friction material and become a kind of trend.Particularly China GB12676-1999 has clear stipulaties, not containing asbestos in brake block.In fact this also announce the mandatory comprehensive decision without asbestos of China's Automotive Friction Material.Asbestos-free friction material becomes the main flow direction guiding friction industry subsequently, comprises metallic friction material, semimetal friction material, ceramic-based friction material, carbon carbon composite friction material etc. and obtains and develop rapidly.Compare with drum brake, disk type braker is with braking moment free adjusting, inertia is little, it is sensitive to brake, the advantages such as quality is light, volume is little, convenient for installation and maintenance, enjoy the favor of intermediate car, therefore disc brake pad have also been obtained the development of advancing by leaps and bounds, but also occurred a lot of drawback, such as metallic friction material, semimetal friction material easily get rusty, and easily affect products appearance; Most ceramic-based friction material, carbon carbon composite friction material brake noise are obvious, impact starting comfort level, and expensive, cause cost of production to increase.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of factory formula without asbestos micro-metalliferous mineral fibre vehicle disc brake pad and production technology thereof, not only solve the problem using asbestos to cause environmental pollution and harm health of human body, shortcomings such as can avoiding again using many metals, high strength fibre causes product high noisy, easily get rusty.Its goods major advantage is: stable friction factor, wear-resisting durable, brakes comfortable, low noise, meets environmental requirement, and compares metal, semimetal, pottery, carbon carbon composite base friction material, and the present invention has obvious advantage in cost of production.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and described without asbestos micro-metalliferous mineral fibre vehicle disc brake pad, it is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage proportioning:
Weight percentages of components (%)
Cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin 10-20;
PNBR 3-8;
Fibrous sepiolite 3-8;
Acicular wollastonite 5-10;
FKF compound mineral fiber 15-20;
Aluminum silicate fiber 5-10;
Paper pulp fiber 2-6;
Cashew nut shell oil Frication powder 5-10;
Blanc fixe 5-13;
Crystalline flake graphite 3-15;
Zirconium English powder 1-10;
Zine stearate 0.1-0.7;
Chromite powder 4-7;
Molybdenum disulfide 1-3;
Expanded vermiculite 3-6;
Calcined coke powdered carbon 1-5;
Iron oxide red 1-5;
Non-corrosive iron powder 1-6.
The summation of above-mentioned each constituent content is 100%.
the present inventiondescribed without asbestos micro-metalliferous mineral fibre vehicle disc brake pad, it is characterized in that
Weight percentages of components (%)
Cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin 15;
PNBR 6;
Fibrous sepiolite 4;
Acicular wollastonite 6;
FKF compound mineral fiber 18;
Aluminum silicate fiber 6;
Paper pulp fiber 5;
Cashew nut shell oil Frication powder 7;
Blanc fixe 6;
Crystalline flake graphite 5;
Zirconium English powder 4;
Zine stearate 0.5;
Chromite powder 5;
Molybdenum disulfide 2;
Expanded vermiculite 3.5;
Calcined coke powdered carbon 3;
Iron oxide red 2;
Non-corrosive iron powder 2.
Production method without asbestos micro-metalliferous mineral fibre vehicle disc brake pad of the present invention: comprise the steps:
1. to prepare burden batch mixing: in order to raw material can full and uniformly mix, premix in batches be carried out;
Premix one: open staple in bulk, by pulp furnish, weigh up zine stearate, FKF fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, paper pulp fiber pour in vertical shaft type high speed mixer, adjust spindle speed, because FKF fiber can produce electrostatic and strong absorption, necessary strong agitation, mixing speed is 400-700r/min, make the abundant shredding of fiber, discharge material is stand-by;
Premix two: by pulp furnish, weigh up cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin, PNBR, fibrous sepiolite, acicular wollastonite, cashew nut shell oil Frication powder, blanc fixe, crystalline flake graphite, zirconium English powder, chromite powder, molybdenum disulfide, expanded vermiculite, calcined coke powdered carbon and iron oxide red to put in batch mixer and fully stir, Homogeneous phase mixing, and then the material of premix one is added, continue to be stirred to mixing fully, what obtain is mixture;
The moisture content of above-mentioned mixture should control below 1.5%, if because of the raw material moisture absorption or when having a humid climate and cause mixture moisture to exceed standard, take drying step, in case hot-forming time product bubble;
2. pre-shaping
By specification needed for disc brake pad, after weight needed for the mixture taking step 1. gained, under pressure 40-60Mpa, carry out cold moudling is cold base;
3. steel backing process: oil removing scrubbing, ball blast sandblasting, gluing;
4. hot-forming
Hot pressing die is heated to the press temperature 135-145 DEG C of regulation, preformed cold base is put into die cavity, put the steel backing that 3. step processes again, by hotpress, unit pressure be 25-35Mpa, press temperature is 150-160 DEG C, the dwell time be the condition of 40-80S/mm under hot-forming;
5. heat treatment: hot press formed product is put into baking box, operate by the Time-temperature condition of setting, Detailed operating procedures and condition see the following form 1:
Table 1
After heat treatment terminates, goods solidify completely, naturally cool;
6. product fine finishing: product step 5. obtained makes finished product through grinding, drill process aft-loaded airfoil.
As follows in the effect of above-mentioned middle formulation section component:
1) cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin (also known as cashew nut shell liquid phenol-formaldehyde resin modified): Bond, for commercially available prod, the product that the present invention adopts sea, Shandong Butterworth company to produce, various fibre framework materials, filler and auxiliary material etc. in friction material can all be bonded together by uniformly, through heating, pressurization, solidifying, become compact structure, meet the friction material entirety of the every usability requirement of friction material.
2) PNBR: binder is commercially available prod.Nitrile butadiene rubber has good tensile strength and heat resistance, and quality is soft, and low temperature frictional behaviour is better, can reduce braking chatter and noise.And PNBR advantage is: easy to use, curability is good, and energy is direct and resin, fiber, filler etc. are used in combination, and its consumption does not limit by process conditions, can, according to the requirement of products machinery intensity, hardness and other performance, regulate its consumption how many.
3) fibrous sepiolite (also known as sepiolite fibre) is commercially available prod, the product that the present invention adopts Lingshou County Ji Hong mineral products processing factory to produce, fibrous sepiolite shrinkage is low, and plasticity is good, and specific surface is large, adsorptivity is strong, heat insulation, insulation, the function admirable such as anticorrosive, thermally-stabilised.Therefore energy well absorbent binder agent and filler in friction material, but also be conducive to the degree that friction material reduces heat fade.
4) acicular wollastonite is commercially available prod, the product that the present invention adopts Xinyu City Si Yuan mining industry Co., Ltd to produce, it is acidproof, alkaline-resisting, resistance to chemical attack, good thermal stability, wet bloating tendency low, oil absorbency is low, and low price, coordinates other reinforcing material to use usually used as auxiliary enhancing component.In addition, acicular wollastonite also has the increasing effect of rubbing, and is improved to the normal temperature of friction material and high temperature friction coefficient.
5) FKF compound mineral fiber (also known as FKF fiber or compound mineral fiber),
the Chemical composition of FKF fiber:siO
240.0 ~ 43.0%, Al
2o
316.0 ~ 18.0%, CaO 14.0 ~ 16.0%, MgO 5.0 ~ 7.0%, Fe
2o
33.0 ~ 5.0%, C 4.0 ~ 6.0%; It is the product that Beijing Heng Nianji trade Co., Ltd manufactures, preferred model is the FKF fiber-for disc brake pad of FKF4016WE or FKF4025Y, it is a kind of artificial manufacture, comprise multi mineral fiber and different according to purposes, be aided with a small amount of organic fiber, with this composite fiber for main body strengthens the friction plate of component in many-sided actual production and usage requirement that can meet asbestos-free friction sheet such as mechanical strength, friction and wear behavior, heat resistance, process operability and product cost.
6) aluminum silicate fiber is commercially available prod, the product that the present invention adopts sealing material Co., Ltd of Xinghai County to produce, and aluminum silicate fiber a kind ofly has low heat conductivity, excellent thermostability and chemical stability, not containing Bond and corrosive material.This material has the advantages such as unit weight is light, high temperature resistant, good thermal stability, and pyroconductivity is low, thermal capacitance is little, resistance to mechanical is vibrated, expanded by heating is little, heat-shielding performance is good, can improve friction material overall performance.
7) paper pulp fiber is commercially available prod, the product that the present invention adopts Shanghai Kai Chang International Trading Company Ltd to produce, and paper pulp fiber basis is cellulose and hemicellulose, and it has good adhesive strength, excellent insulating property.
8) cashew nut shell oil Frication powder is commercially available prod, the product that the present invention adopts hero bio tech ltd, Yantai, Shandong to produce, and it is the frictional behaviour and the reduction noise that improve friction material goods in effect of the present invention.
9) blanc fixe is commercially available prod, the product that the present invention adopts Yong'an City barite factory to produce, it is stable friction factor in effect of the present invention, reduces abrasion, particularly at high temperature, can stable friction interlayer be formed, to prevent mating material galled spots, make antithesis surface grind brighter and cleaner.
10) crystalline flake graphite, antifriction material.Matter is soft, has good conduction, heat conduction and resistance to high temperature.The present invention adopts sky, Qingdao and reaches the product of graphite Co., Ltd production, and its lubricity is good, and antifriction function is good, can make friction surface heat transfer, heat dissipation rate soon, brake soft.
11) zirconium English powder is commercially available prod, in the present invention, adopt Yixing shine Chemical Co., Ltd. produce product, its present invention as increasing rub filler use.Because zircon has heat resistanceheat resistant vibration characteristics, although so hardness is high, do not produce brake noise.
12) zine stearate, be commercially available prod, Main Function prevents fibrous caking in the present invention, helps fiber and open loose, thus improve performance and the outward appearance of goods, also has the function of vulcanizing activator, tenderer in rubber.
13) chromite powder is commercially available prod, and chromite powder adopts the product that Huangshi building materials mineral products company produces in the present invention, and it has good low temperature in the present invention and high temperature increases effect of rubbing.
14) molybdenum disulfide is commercially available prod, adopts the product that Zhongshan city Gao lubriation material Co., Ltd produces in the present invention, the crystalline structure of its uniqueness, is used to regulate goods friction factor in the present invention by as antifriction filler.
15) expanded vermiculite is commercially available prod, adopt Lingshou County rise mineral products processing factory produce product, can effectively reduce product braking noise and proportion in the present invention.
16) calcined coke powdered carbon (referring to the powder after the pulverizing of a kind of coke), be commercially available prod, adopt the product that Lingshou County Hao Tai mineral products processing factory produces, it has loose structure, can reduce product braking noise in the present invention.
17) iron oxide red is commercially available prod, the product adopting Sanming City chemical color factory to produce, and is mainly used in the color regulating friction material goods, and can improves goods normal temperature frictional behaviour.
18) non-corrosive iron powder is commercially available prod, and in the present invention, adopt the product that all prosperous friction powder material factory of Daye City produces, it can stablize friction material high temperature friction coefficient, and pre-antifriction material is got rusty.Non-corrosive iron powder (RuRsr, resistanceironpowder) solves the material products that rubs accelerating common iron powder storing in use, particularly overcast and rainy, yellow mould season or coastal area use product surface to get rusty easily, and affect the problem of goods usability and the product developed.Its principle be metal smelting process at high temperature time add rust preventing agent, change the metallographic structure of metal, the cooling method of machine is employed in granulation crushing process, add inert gas simultaneously, again through high temperature purification treatment, accomplish substantive antirust etc. production technology use metallic dust, the powder produced like this accomplishes Never-rusty.1, outward appearance black powder; 2, iron-holder 68%-75; 3, fineness 100-300 order; 4, water content < 2%; 5, rust-proofing corrosivity soaks 24h without rust staining at 5%Nac1 solution.Be characterized in non-corrosive.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The indexs such as the present invention is sensitive in conjunction with disc brake pad requirement braking, comfortable, high temperature resistant, the long service life of starting to walk, require to set about from environmental protection, few metal, a kind of FKF compound mineral fiber of reasonable employing is main body reinforcing material, and develop a kind of without asbestos micro-metalliferous mineral fibre vehicle disc brake pad, the main feature of formulation of the present invention is: stable friction factor, heat resistanceheat resistant decline performance is remarkable, brake sensitive, brake comfortable, low noise, long service life, meets environmental requirement.The main feature of formulation of the present invention is: friction and wear behavior is stablized, good mechanical properties, and heat resistanceheat resistant decline performance is remarkable, long service life.Especially hot stage stable friction performance, wear rate is low.Low hardness, brake sensitive, brake comfortable, low noise, meet environmental requirement.The properties requirement required when meeting automobile brake, use safety, comfortable steady, harmless, environmentally safe.Compare semimetal friction material, metallic friction material, ceramic frication material, can also effective production control cost.
Embodiment
The present invention mainly with FKF compound mineral fiber for main body reinforcing material.Table 2 is friction material formulation % by weight examples of the present invention, is main body reinforcing material in comparative example 1 with asbestos, and take Steel Fibre as main body reinforcing material in comparative example 2, other composition is identical.These three groups tests are all the comparative trials of carrying out in production process, manufacturing mechanism, the identical situation of process parameter product size.
Table 2 (% by weight)
Technological method: first weigh various raw material by the material rate of regulation in table 2, carry out step by step.
1) batching batch mixing: in order to raw material can full and uniformly mix, usually will carry out premix in batches.
Premix one: open staple in bulk.By table 2 pulp furnish, weigh up zine stearate, FKF fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, paper pulp fiber pour in vertical shaft type high speed mixer, adjust spindle speed, because FKF fiber can produce electrostatic and strong absorption, necessary strong agitation, the preferred rotating speed of the present embodiment is 5500r/min, makes the abundant shredding of fiber, and discharge material is stand-by;
Premix two: by table 2 pulp furnish, weigh up cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin, PNBR, fibrous sepiolite, acicular wollastonite, cashew nut shell oil Frication powder, blanc fixe, crystalline flake graphite, zirconium English powder, chromite powder, molybdenum disulfide, expanded vermiculite, calcined coke powdered carbon, iron oxide red and non-corrosive iron powder to put in batch mixer and fully stir, Homogeneous phase mixing, and then the material of premix one is added, continue to be stirred to mixing fully, what obtain is mixture;
The moisture content of above-mentioned mixture should control below 1.5%, if because of the raw material moisture absorption or have a humid climate etc. cause mixture moisture to exceed standard time, drying step be taked, in case hot-forming time product bubble.
2) pre-shaping
By specification needed for disc brake pad, the present invention with the thickness 15.4mm that manufactures a finished product, pad volume 54cm
3for embodiment, after weight 165g needed for the mixture taking step 1) gained, at pressure 40-60Mpa, the present embodiment preferred pressure is 45Mpa, temperature 60-70 DEG C, and the present embodiment preferable temperature is that to carry out cold moudling at 65 DEG C be cold base;
3) steel backing process: oil removing scrubbing, ball blast sandblasting, gluing;
4) hot-forming
Adopt six station hot pressing boards, hot pressing die is heated to the press temperature 135-145 DEG C of regulation, the present embodiment preferable temperature is 140 DEG C, preformed cold base is put into die cavity, put steel backing again, by hotpress, the elementary and ultimate pressure of hotpress=product area * product sheet number * 220/200, press temperature is 150-160 DEG C, the present embodiment preferable temperature is 155 DEG C, and the 20s that pressurizes in this process is vented 20s, so continuous five times, last pressurize 300s, hot-forming;
5) heat treatment: hot press formed product is put into baking box, operate by the Time-temperature condition of setting, detailed heat-treat condition is in table 1:
Table 1
After heat treatment terminates, goods solidify completely, naturally cool.
Note: room temperature-135 DEG C refers to from room temperature to 135 DEG C, in table, other duplicates; Within 1-2 hour, refer to make temperature from room temperature to 135 DEG C from heating in 1 to 2 hours, in table, other duplicates.
After heat treatment terminates, goods solidify completely, naturally cool.
6) product fine finishing: product step 5) obtained makes finished product through grinding, drill process aft-loaded airfoil.
The sample that above-mentioned example is made is through the series of experiments described in following table 3, table 4 and table 5, and concrete test result is as follows:
Table 3 shear strength, density, hardness test
Table 4 D-MS constant speed frictional behaviour is tested
Table 5 CHASE friction and wear behavior is tested
From above-mentioned test data, its hardness of product of the present invention comparatively semimetal friction material reduces obviously, effectively can reduce brake noise, Hoist braking starting comfort level.Can find out from comparative trial friction and wear behavior of the present invention comparatively asbestos friction material, semimetal friction material have obvious advantage: friction and wear behavior is stablized, good mechanical properties, and heat resistanceheat resistant decline performance is remarkable, long service life.Especially hot stage stable friction performance, wear rate is low.From product appearance, there is not the phenomenons such as foaming, crackle, expansion, the indices of compound GB5763.
Claims (3)
1., without asbestos micro-metalliferous mineral fibre vehicle disc brake pad, it is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage proportioning:
Weight percentages of components (%)
Cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin 10-20;
PNBR 3-8;
Fibrous sepiolite 3-8;
Acicular wollastonite 5-10;
FKF compound mineral fiber 15-20;
Aluminum silicate fiber 5-10;
Paper pulp fiber 2-6;
Cashew nut shell oil Frication powder 5-10;
Blanc fixe 5-13;
Crystalline flake graphite 3-15;
Zirconium English powder 1-10;
Zine stearate 0.1-0.7;
Chromite powder 4-7;
Molybdenum disulfide 1-3;
Expanded vermiculite 3-6;
Calcined coke powdered carbon 1-5;
Iron oxide red 1-5;
Non-corrosive iron powder 1-6.
2. according to claim 1 without asbestos micro-metalliferous mineral fibre vehicle disc brake pad, it is characterized in that
Weight percentages of components (%)
Cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin 15;
PNBR 6;
Fibrous sepiolite 4;
Acicular wollastonite 6;
FKF compound mineral fiber 18;
Aluminum silicate fiber 6;
Paper pulp fiber 5;
Cashew nut shell oil Frication powder 7;
Blanc fixe 6;
Crystalline flake graphite 5;
Zirconium English powder 4;
Zine stearate 0.5;
Chromite powder 5;
Molybdenum disulfide 2;
Expanded vermiculite 3.5;
Calcined coke powdered carbon 3;
Iron oxide red 2;
Non-corrosive iron powder 2.
3. the production method without asbestos micro-metalliferous mineral fibre vehicle disc brake pad described in claim 1 or 2: comprise the steps:
1. to prepare burden batch mixing: in order to raw material can full and uniformly mix, premix in batches be carried out;
Premix one: open staple in bulk, by pulp furnish, weigh up zine stearate, FKF fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, paper pulp fiber pour in vertical shaft type high speed mixer, adjust spindle speed, because FKF fiber can produce electrostatic and strong absorption, necessary strong agitation, mixing speed is 400-700r/min, make the abundant shredding of fiber, discharge material is stand-by;
Premix two: by pulp furnish, weigh up cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin, PNBR, fibrous sepiolite, acicular wollastonite, cashew nut shell oil Frication powder, blanc fixe, crystalline flake graphite, zirconium English powder, chromite powder, molybdenum disulfide, expanded vermiculite, calcined coke powdered carbon and iron oxide red to put in batch mixer and fully stir, Homogeneous phase mixing, and then the material of premix one is added, continue to be stirred to mixing fully, what obtain is mixture;
The moisture content of above-mentioned mixture should control below 1.5%, if because of the raw material moisture absorption or when having a humid climate and cause mixture moisture to exceed standard, take drying step, in case hot-forming time product bubble;
Pre-shaping
By specification needed for disc brake pad, after weight needed for the mixture taking step 1. gained, under pressure 40-60Mpa, carry out cold moudling is cold base;
Steel backing process: oil removing scrubbing, ball blast sandblasting, gluing;
Hot-forming
Hot pressing die is heated to the press temperature 135-145 DEG C of regulation, preformed cold base is put into die cavity, put the steel backing that 3. step processes again, by hotpress, unit pressure be 25-35Mpa, press temperature is 150-160 DEG C, the dwell time be the condition of 40-80S/mm under hot-forming;
Heat treatment: hot press formed product is put into baking box, operate by the Time-temperature condition of setting, Detailed operating procedures and condition see the following form 1:
Table 1
After heat treatment terminates, goods solidify completely, naturally cool;
Product fine finishing: product step 5. obtained makes finished product through grinding, drill process aft-loaded airfoil.
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