CN104529102A - Sludge treatment method - Google Patents
Sludge treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104529102A CN104529102A CN201410764304.5A CN201410764304A CN104529102A CN 104529102 A CN104529102 A CN 104529102A CN 201410764304 A CN201410764304 A CN 201410764304A CN 104529102 A CN104529102 A CN 104529102A
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- mud
- sludge
- sludge treatment
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- heavy metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sludge treatment method and belongs to the technical field of water, wastewater, sewage or sludge treatment devices or processes. The sludge treatment method comprises the following steps: homogenizing the slurry in the early stage, fermenting the slurry at a high temperature and deodorizing in the intermediate stage, and dissolving heavy metals in the later stage. The sludge treatment method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of short treatment cycle, strong continuity, large-scale treatment, low cost, no consumption of additional energy, energy and labor conservation, high economic benefit, high efficiency, thorough treatment, zero discharge, full recovery and no secondary pollution, and in addition, the sludge treatment method is simple and practical and is easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to treatment unit or the Technology field of water, waste water, sewage or mud, particularly relate to a kind of method for sludge treatment.
Background technology
To containing the extremely complicated heterogeneous body such as organic relic, microorganism, inorganic particle, colloid in the mud produced after domestic water and Industrial Wastewater Treatment, because the water content of mud is up to more than 85%, so very easily degenerate fouling, serious environment pollution.Dehydration due to mud is an extremely difficult technology realized, so the process of countries in the world to mud all adopts landfill method at first, but finds do not have final decontamination to Sludge landfill along with after technical progress, and produces serious harm to water resources and farm crop.After entering the eighties, just there is larger improvement to the process of mud.
At present, reasonable, mud can be made really to dewater go forward side by side row relax method be: 1. that mud is fried, after making moisture removal, reach less than 75%, the deficiency of this method that raw material solids being done fuel uses is: invest a sludge treatment production line, need more than 8,000 ten thousand yuans, and running cost is high, in 10 year life-span of equipment in technique, often process one ton of mud and need 500,000 yuans, running cost is about about 180 yuan/ton; Mud is dried by the generating tail gas that 2. many states household produces, and solids is done the raw material of fuel, the deficiency of this method is: investment is large, and running cost is high, and often processing one ton of mud needs 10-12 ten thousand yuans, and running cost is about about 200 yuan/ton; 3. make into fertilizer after sludge fermentation, its deficiency is: the heavy metals such as the mercury in mud, zinc are easily absorbed by root system of plant, and the heavy metal content of grain and vegetables is exceeded standard, and produces harm to HUMAN HEALTH.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method for sludge treatment, described method has disposal cycle short, continuity and by force, easily goes up that scale, cost are low, not external energy, energy-conservation, saving of labor, high financial profit, technique are simple, easy to operate, practical, efficient, dispose thoroughly, zero release, entirely to reclaim, the feature of non-secondary pollution.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method for sludge treatment, it is characterized in that said method comprising the steps of: material hardening and tempering process mud being carried out to early stage, thermophilic fermentation deodorization process and the heavy metal in later stage in mid-term are cleared up, passivation technology.
Further technical scheme is: the material hardening and tempering process that early stage carried out to mud comprise mud is carried out fragmentation, dispersion, stirring, mixing, homogeneous, dehydration, inoculation, zymotechnique.
Further technical scheme is: mud is carried out mid-term thermophilic fermentation deodorization process for being degraded to mud stench by physics, chemistry, life assemblage method, adsorbing, disperse, oxide treatment.
Further technical scheme is: the later stage heavy metal carried out mud is cleared up technique and is specially, the detritus utilizing sludge fermentation to transform generation is grown and is carried out chelating to heavy metal remaining in mud, and suppress its biological effectiveness by the absorption of functional mineral environmentally conscious materials, passivation, microbiological deterioration, change its existing forms.
Further technical scheme is: repeatedly pulverize mud and mud mixture and break up and stir, reduce a volume, improves mixedness, increases mud and other blending material contact area.Make its mud mixture mass-energy enough fully carry out physics biochemical action, improve compost speed, shorten the aerobic fermentation time, thus reduce sludge composting cost of disposal, therefore: this technology is convenient to sludge disposal enterprise and is accepted.
The beneficial effect adopting technique scheme to produce is: described method utilizes the modified technology of material, not external energy, zero release, full recovery, non-secondary pollution, recycling feature, carry out efficiently to mud, energy-conservation, this key point of low-cost processes, efficiently solve regional economy level and investment threshold in current municipal sludge process, technology barriers and penetration and promotion, the contradiction of Pollution abatement and resources circulation regeneration and a difficult problem, propose the modified preconditioning technique technique of material first, have in sludge organism is disposed and improve condition of microbe fermentation, accelerated degradation organism process, shorten decomposed period, reduce volatile component, destroy foul odors, promote that heavy metal bio-available Zn concentration reduces.For realizing tallying with the national condition, there is the application of regional characteristic innovative technology, providing rationale.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the schema of the oxidation processing technique in the present invention in thermophilic fermentation deodorization process.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also adopt other to be different from alternate manner described here to implement, those skilled in the art can when without prejudice to doing similar popularization when intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is by the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
The invention discloses a kind of method for sludge treatment, the integrated supporting technology system of sludge disposal comprises: the deodorizing combination process in the material hardening and tempering process in earlier stage treatment process, mid-term thermophilic fermentation and the heavy metal in later stage clear up technique.
Sludge pretreatment hardening and tempering process: mud has high-hydrophilic, solid phase particles in sludge water content and mud has very strong bonding force, viscosity is large, difficult dispersion is mixed with auxiliary material, not easily even, with the mixing of routine, Mixing Machine, pre-treatment is carried out to mud, there is the problems such as efficiency is low, high, the modified effect that consumes energy is undesirable, thus become the bottleneck of Sludge Disposal Techniques.
In sludge disposal process, the modified pretreated workload proportion of material, account for 80 more than the ﹪ disposing whole process workload, because of but the critical process of sludge disposal, when carrying out sludge pretreatment, we are by fragmentation, break up, stir, mixing, homogeneous, dehydration, the multiple working procedures such as inoculation once complete in an equipment, and because material is through quality controling machine process, epigranular is moderate, moisture is uniform, storeroom space increases, ventilation channel is unimpeded, oxygen delivery capacity improves, the specific surface area that microbial inoculant flora contacts with material expands, become thoroughly decomposed for thermophilic fermentation thereafter and the degree of depth and provide good envrionment conditions, substantially reduce Deal with Time, energy-conservation, saving of labor, reduce costs, the advantageous feature such as investment reduction fully demonstrate.The modified machinery of material pre-treatment succeeding in developing as compost nucleus equipment, provide successful example for solving China sludge disposal equipment deficiency, for China's mud realize harmless treatment, recycling provides efficient, energy-conservation, low cost, factorial praluction and have found an effective way.
The material hardening and tempering process that early stage carried out to mud comprise mud is carried out fragmentation, break up, stir, mix, homogeneous, dehydration, inoculation, zymotechnique, its key is granularity and the uniformity coefficient of material stirring, the granularity GPRS of material is at below 2cm, uniformity coefficient is more than 99%, granularity its contact area less is larger, mixed effect is better, and fermentation starting temperature is faster.
Mud is carried out mid-term thermophilic fermentation deodorization process for being degraded to mud stench by physics, chemistry, life assemblage method, adsorbing, disperse, oxide treatment.Here key is fermenting speed and fermenting stability and fermentation maturity thoroughness, and this all depends on performance quality and the Microflora of microbial fermentation inoculum, HM Microflora can not lower than 300,000,000, EM Microflora can not lower than 200,000,000.What adopt because of this technology is " dioxygen " (aerobic, anaerobism) fermenting agent, can carry out fermentative processing to aerobic region and anaerobic zone simultaneously, so its fermenting speed and fermenting stability and fermentation maturity thoroughness can be guaranteed.
The later stage heavy metal carried out mud is cleared up technique and is specially, the detritus utilizing sludge fermentation to transform generation is grown and is carried out chelating to heavy metal remaining in mud, and suppress its biological effectiveness by the absorption of functional mineral environmentally conscious materials, passivation, microbiological deterioration, change its existing forms.It is impossible that its heavy metal is truly cleared up, because such Financial cost is too high, in sludge aerobic fermented manure disposing technique, as long as heavy metal content is controlled at minimum level, to be no more than for the purpose of agricultural fertilizer standard, so undertaken adsorbing by adding functional mineral substance environmentally conscious materials, heavy metal in passivation mud, make it reach the stable object do not accumulated of solidification.
Mud combination deodorization process: sludge water content and organic content is high, foul smelling, it is the principal element affecting environment in disposal process, domestic and international traditional sludge deodorizing mode mostly is liquid spraying and pipeline is collected, but because of capital intensive, seldom apply in the sewerage of China, thus stench eliminates a great problem becoming China's sludge disposal.This technology adopts physics, chemistry, life assemblage method to degrade to mud stench, adsorb, disperse, are oxidized, and realize omnidistance deodorizing, and end product distributes sylvogenic soil breath, meets national requirements standard.
As shown in Figure 1, it is under the condition of aerobic that sludge aerobic is disposed, and uses that aerobic microbiological absorbs refuse, is oxidized, being used for of decomposing is carried out.In fact the aerobic disposal process of mud is exactly the fermentation process of mud.In disposal process, dissolved organic matter matter in solid waste is absorbed by Institute of Micro-biology through microbial cell wall and cytolemma, solidity and colloidality organism are first attached to outside microbe, and the extracellular enzyme secreted by biology is decomposed into dissolved matter, then infiltrates cell.Microorganism is by the vital movement of self---the processes such as oxidation, reduction, synthesis, a part of absorbed oxidation operation is become simple inorganics, discharge can for the energy needed for microorganism growth activity simultaneously, another part organism is then synthesized new tenuigenin, make the continuous growth and breeding of microorganism, produce more organism.
Under the condition of aerobic, use that aerobic microbiological carries out absorbing, is oxidized, being used for of decomposing is fermented, dissolved organic matter matter in mud is absorbed by Institute of Micro-biology through microbial cell wall and cytolemma, solidity and colloidality organism are first attached to outside microbe, extracellular enzyme secreted by biology is decomposed into dissolved matter, then infiltrates cell.Microorganism is by the process such as vital movement-oxidation, reduction, synthesis of self, a part of absorbed oxidation operation is become simple inorganics, discharge can for the energy needed for microorganism growth activity simultaneously, another part organism is then synthesized new tenuigenin, make the continuous growth and breeding of microorganism, produce more organism.
Following formula reaction formula reflects organic oxidation and synthesis in sludge composting,
1. organic oxidation
CxHyOz (unazotized organism)+(x+1/2y+1/2z) O
2→ xCO
2+ 1/2yH
2o+ energy
CsHtNuOvaH
2o (nitrogenous organism)+bO
2→ CwHxNyOzhH
2o (compost)+dH
2o (gas)+cH
2o (water)+fCO
2+ gNH
3+ energy
2. the synthesis of cellular material (comprises organic oxidation, and with NH
3for nitrogenous source)
N (CxHyOz)+NH
3+ (nx+ny/4-nz/2-5x) O
2→ C
5h
7o
2(tenuigenin)+(nx-5) CO
2+ 1/2 (ny-4) H
2o+ energy
Microorganism is by the vital movement of self, a part of absorbed oxidation operation is become simple inorganics, while Biochemical degraded, produce with heat, because this heat energy in composting process can not all be dispersed in environment, the temperature of compost material just must be caused to raise, the harmful microorganism of some non-refractories will be made so dead, resistant to elevated temperatures bacterium Fast-propagation.Ecodynamics shows, that play Main Function in aerobic decomposition is the thermophilic bacterium group that thalline is very large, performance is active.Oxidation operation decomposes by this flora under a large amount of oxygen molecule exists, and discharges a large amount of energy simultaneously.Aerobic composting process along with twice intensification, should be divided into three phases accordingly: initial period, hot stage and maturation stage.
Initial period: the carbohydrate, fat etc. of easily degraded in the bacterial degradation organism of non-refractory, release heat simultaneously and make temperature increase, temperature can reach 15 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C.
Hot stage: high temperature resistant bacterium breeds rapidly, under aerobic conditions, major part continues oxidized decomposition compared with the protein, fiber etc. of difficult degradation, releases a large amount of heat energy simultaneously, makes temperature rise to 50 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C.When organism has been degraded substantially, thermophile bacteria for want of nutriment and moisture and stop growing, heat production stops thereupon.The temperature of compost declines gradually, and when temperature-stable is at 40 DEG C, compost reaches stable substantially, forms soil ulmin.
Maturation stage: cooled compost, some new microorganisms grow by remaining organism (comprising the residual body of bacterium after death), are finally completed by composting process.This phase temperature is low, oxygen consumption rate is low, voidage increases, soil ulmin increases and stabilization.
Mud carries out process by following operational path to be disposed:
Pulverize the logical aerobe fermentation-pulverizing air seasoning-sieving and grading of batching stirring-accumulation to store
Test result conclusion:
1. experimental period:
When first day the morning 8, spike stirs, by 10M
3volume ratio: mud 70%, stalk or sawdust 30%, add 500 grams of fermenting agents, 200 grams of deodorizing fly eradication microbial inoculums by every cube and fully stir, build heap after the water ratio being uniformly mixed material is adjusted to 55% in mix and blend.
2. heap fermentation:
During first day 9, after code is in strip buttress, start heap fermentation, prevailing circumstances temperature 16 DEG C, temperature 38 DEG C after mud spike.
Leavening temperature recorder
3. experiment conclusion
Through test in place, during to fermentation ends, water ratio is down to about 30%, and volume is down to about 35%, and weight is down to about 30%.Through assay, organic 46% (>=30%) N, P
2o
5, K
2the indices such as O total amount 6% (>=4%) meet organic fertilizer requirement, and test-results reaches re-set target.
Heavy Metals in Sludge eliminates technique: the detritus that this project utilizes sludge fermentation to transform generation is grown and carried out chelating to heavy metal remaining in mud, and suppress its biological effectiveness by the absorption of functional mineral environmentally conscious materials, passivation, microbiological deterioration, change its existing forms.In order to the heavy metal in further effectively control sludge disposal product fertilizer is on the impact of Land_use change, also antenatal quality examination is carried out to mud and auxiliary material etc., by raw material Sources controlling and compost fermentation process, realize the whole-process control of heavy metal to ensure that the physical norm for soils of sludge composting product utilizes.
The extension exploitation of sludge disposal product: the wet mud that China's town sewage plant discharges every year is up to hundreds of millions tons; carrying out recycling to it is a valuable wealth; therefore exploitation sludge disposal product is extended; promote its added value; realize the mass-producing of sludge disposal production, industrialization, expand its market space imperative.The commercialization of municipal sludge, marketing development, both solved the final problem of outlet of mud, brought significant economic benefit again to enterprise, for promotion China's sewage and the development for the treatment of sludge industry, is significant and profound influence.
This technology has successfully been held and has been utilized the modified technology of material, not external energy, zero release, full recovery, non-secondary pollution, recycling feature, carry out efficiently to mud, energy-conservation, this key point of low-cost processes, efficiently solve regional economy level and investment threshold in current municipal sludge process, technology barriers and penetration and promotion, the contradiction of Pollution abatement and resources circulation regeneration and a difficult problem, propose the modified preconditioning technique technique of material first, have in sludge organism is disposed and improve condition of microbe fermentation, accelerated degradation organism process, shorten decomposed period, reduce volatile component, destroy foul odors, promote that heavy metal bio-available Zn concentration reduces.For realizing tallying with the national condition, there is the application of regional characteristic innovative technology, providing rationale.
Due to the practicality, efficient of sludge disposal composite technology, the made good mud-type fuel coal product of fertilizer fertilizer, good quality, fertilizer efficiency is remarkable, for extending development of new series product, improve added value, expand the market space, industry restructuring, promote entering into the market for the treatment of of town sewage and sludge process track, provide favourable condition, show effect and the value of scientific and technical innovation.
The crucial problem such as described technique effectively solves deodorizing in sludge composting technique, heavy metal is cleared up, the extension exploitation of composting production, have filled up China's sludge disposal high-level efficiency, low-cost technologies are blank, embodied the effect of technological innovation and process innovation.
Claims (4)
1. a method for sludge treatment, is characterized in that said method comprising the steps of: material hardening and tempering process mud being carried out to early stage, thermophilic fermentation deodorization process and the heavy metal in later stage in mid-term clear up technique.
2. method for sludge treatment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the material hardening and tempering process that early stage carried out to mud comprise mud is carried out fragmentation, break up, stir, mix, homogeneous, dehydration, inoculation, zymotechnique, the granularity GPRS of material is at below 2cm, and uniformity coefficient is more than 99%.
3. method for sludge treatment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: mud is carried out mid-term thermophilic fermentation deodorization process for being degraded to mud stench by physics, chemistry, life assemblage method, adsorbing, disperse, oxide treatment.
4. method for sludge treatment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the later stage heavy metal carried out mud is cleared up technique and is specially, the detritus utilizing sludge fermentation to transform generation is grown and is carried out chelating to heavy metal remaining in mud, and suppress its biological effectiveness by the absorption of functional mineral environmentally conscious materials, passivation, microbiological deterioration, change its existing forms.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410764304.5A CN104529102A (en) | 2014-12-09 | 2014-12-09 | Sludge treatment method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410764304.5A CN104529102A (en) | 2014-12-09 | 2014-12-09 | Sludge treatment method |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58205593A (en) * | 1982-05-22 | 1983-11-30 | Nippon Kaihatsu Consultant:Kk | Treatment of leather sludge containing heavy metals consisting essentially of chromium |
| CN1442393A (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-17 | 李波 | Method of producing composite organic fertilizer using city sludge |
-
2014
- 2014-12-09 CN CN201410764304.5A patent/CN104529102A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58205593A (en) * | 1982-05-22 | 1983-11-30 | Nippon Kaihatsu Consultant:Kk | Treatment of leather sludge containing heavy metals consisting essentially of chromium |
| CN1442393A (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-17 | 李波 | Method of producing composite organic fertilizer using city sludge |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李强: "污泥处理处置工程的研究设计", 《中国高新技术企业》 * |
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Application publication date: 20150422 |
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