CN104529018A - Process for treating and recycling printing and dyeing wastewater by virtue of electro-coagulation - Google Patents
Process for treating and recycling printing and dyeing wastewater by virtue of electro-coagulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104529018A CN104529018A CN201410833684.3A CN201410833684A CN104529018A CN 104529018 A CN104529018 A CN 104529018A CN 201410833684 A CN201410833684 A CN 201410833684A CN 104529018 A CN104529018 A CN 104529018A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/463—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrocoagulation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/30—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the textile industry
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular relates to a process for treating and recycling printing and dyeing wastewater by virtue of electro-coagulation. According to the process, an electromechanical technology is merged with a conventional chemical precipitation technology, the deep removal of ions is realized under the action of a direct-current electric field, a polar plate is used for continuously reacting with current, electron transfer is generated between a cathode and anode of an electrolytic bed to induce an electrochemical reaction, and meanwhile water is subjected to oxygen discharge at the anode to generate an oxidization reaction so as to oxidize inorganic and organic substances in the water, and cathode ions are electrified to form nascent hydrogen which has the strongest reducing power. Therefore, dissolved salts, colloids, microorganisms and organic substances in the water can be effectively removed, coagulating sedimentation between iron ions and metal ions in the water is generated, an additional chemical is not needed, and a flocculant is produced.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to technical field of sewage, refer in particular to electricity flocculation at treatment of dyeing wastewater and reuse technology.
Background technology:
Dyeing waste water is the waste water produced at the production to cotton, fiber crops, man-made fiber and blending product, machining by textile printing and dyeing factory.The principal feature of dyeing waste water is that the water yield is large, colourity is high, CODCr is high, strong basicity and change of water quality large.Every dyeing and printing process 1 ton of textiles needs with water 100-200 ton, and wherein 80% ~ 90% becomes waste water.Containing dyestuff, slurry, chemical assistant, finish, soda acid, fiber and the impurity carried secretly, inorganic salt and mineral substance etc. in waste water.Belong to unmanageable trade effluent.In addition, dyeing is industrial wastewater discharge rich and influential family (accounting for 80% of total release).Therefore, the technique finding an effective treatment of dyeing and printing becomes particularly important!
Traditional treatment method and limitation, the treatment process (as: diversion aeration biological filter etc.) that traditional industries have physico-chemical process, biochemical process, chemical method and technique to combine for the treatment of the main method of dyeing waste water.But traditional treatment process cannot be caught the feature of dyeing waste water to break through well.Still there is a lot of limitation in traditional technology: one, operation is loaded down with trivial details in treatment of dyeing and printing, and floor space is large; Two, treatment effect is single, does not have system to process comprehensively; Three, too rely on biochemical treatment, the feature that change of water quality is large can bring unstable and processing pressure to biochemical treatment; Four, debugging cycle is long; Five, rely on manual operation, easily occur that operational error causes the hidden danger such as systemic breakdown; Six, because traditional chemical process needs to add a large amount of chemicals, cause water body salinity to raise, increase load to reclaiming system, make cleaning systems frequent, can not normally meet reuse requirement, working cost is high.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to provide electricity flocculation at treatment of dyeing wastewater and reuse technology for the deficiencies in the prior art, scientific structure design, high voltage electrocagulation technology adopts based on electrochemical principle, action of high voltage generation electrochemical reaction is produced by external dc low current, be chemical energy electric energy conversion, redox reaction can be carried out to the organic or inorganic thing in waste water through single Electrocoagulation equipment, segregative material is stablized in generation, equipment produces flocculation sediment simultaneously, air supporting slagging-off effect, pollutent is separated from water body, reach the effect of purifying water body.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme, and treatment process processing step is as follows:
Electricity flocculation is at treatment of dyeing wastewater and reuse technology, and treatment process processing step is as follows:
(1), electrochemical techniques are merged mutually with traditional chemical precipitation technology, under DC electric field effect, realize the deep removal of ion, and pole plate is continuous and current response, the negative electrode of bed electrolysis simultaneously, produce electronic migration between both anodes, cause electrochemical reaction.
(2), simultaneously water produce oxygen electric discharge at anode and produce oxidizing reaction, to inorganics in water, organism is oxidized.
(3), cathode ion obtains electric forming nascent hydrogen, and nascent hydrogen has the strongest reducing power, removes colourity and reduction of hexavalent chromium material in water.
(4), due to iron pole plate produce iron ion when electrolysis and underwater gold belongs to ion coagulating sedimentation, do not need to add medicament in addition, from produce flocculant.
(5), enter ultrafiltration, the reverse osmosis unit degree of depth remove carry out reuse, for preventing ultra-filtration membrane microbial contamination, adding appropriate oxygenant (general 10-20ppm) when hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing and carrying out algae removal, sterilization; Ultra-filtration water enters reverse osmosis and carries out reuse, in case ultrafiltration adds, oxygenant is excessive to be oxidized reverse osmosis membrane, reduction (sodium bisulfite) is installed additional at feed water by reverse osmosis end, simultaneity factor is provided with chemically-cleaning device, when systemic contamination is serious, washing unit can be started and carry out matting, meet system and normally run.
Described ultra-filtration membrane is PAN material membrane element.
Described ultra-filtration equipment is hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane, tubular fibre external diameter
internal diameter
tubular fibre tube wall is covered with micropore.
Described reverse osmosis cleaning system is made up of stainless steel scavenging pump, cleaning medicine-chest, 5 μm of strainers and pipe arrangement.
Described S-WAT concentration of making up a prescription is generally 10%, and dosage is 20 ~ 30mg/L.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: (1), electrochemical techniques merged mutually with traditional chemical precipitation technology, realize the deep removal of ion under DC electric field effect simultaneously, and pole plate is continuous and current response, the negative electrode of bed electrolysis, produce electronic migration between both anodes, cause electrochemical reaction.
(2), simultaneously water produce oxygen electric discharge at anode and produce oxidizing reaction, to inorganics in water, organism is oxidized.
(3), cathode ion obtains electric forming nascent hydrogen, and nascent hydrogen has the strongest reducing power, removes colourity and reduction of hexavalent chromium material in water.
(4), due to iron pole plate produce iron ion when electrolysis and underwater gold belongs to ion coagulating sedimentation, do not need to add medicament in addition, from produce flocculant.
(5), enter ultrafiltration, the reverse osmosis unit degree of depth remove carry out reuse, for preventing ultra-filtration membrane microbial contamination, adding appropriate oxygenant (general 10-20ppm) when hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing and carrying out algae removal, sterilization; Ultra-filtration water enters reverse osmosis and carries out reuse, in case ultrafiltration adds, oxygenant is excessive to be oxidized reverse osmosis membrane, reduction (sodium bisulfite) is installed additional at feed water by reverse osmosis end, simultaneity factor is provided with chemically-cleaning device, when systemic contamination is serious, washing unit can be started and carry out matting, meet system and normally run; By high-voltage pulse electric flocculation method treatment of dyeing and printing Be very effective, compared to the treatment process of traditional industries, high-voltage pulse electric flocculation has the pressure that process floor space is little, unification processes, debugging cycle is short, artificial and running cost is low, stability is high and greatly reduce later stage biochemistry, after electric flocculation treatment, COD clearance reaches 50% ~ 70%, colourity degradation rate reaches 98.5%, SS clearance reaches 90%, water outlet acid-basicity is weakly alkaline, improves waste treatment capacity further, to reduce energy consumption effective and actually solve problem.
Embodiment:
The present invention adopts following technical scheme, treatment process processing step is as follows: (1), electrochemical techniques merged mutually with traditional chemical precipitation technology, realize the deep removal of ion under DC electric field effect simultaneously, and pole plate is continuous and current response, the negative electrode of bed electrolysis, produce electronic migration between both anodes, cause electrochemical reaction.
(2), simultaneously water produce oxygen electric discharge at anode and produce oxidizing reaction, to inorganics in water, organism is oxidized.
(3), cathode ion obtains electric forming nascent hydrogen, and nascent hydrogen has the strongest reducing power, removes colourity and reduction of hexavalent chromium material in water.
(4), due to iron pole plate produce iron ion when electrolysis and underwater gold belongs to ion coagulating sedimentation, do not need to add medicament in addition, from produce flocculant.
(5), enter ultrafiltration, the reverse osmosis unit degree of depth remove carry out reuse, for preventing ultra-filtration membrane microbial contamination, adding appropriate oxygenant (general 10-20ppm) when hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing and carrying out algae removal, sterilization; Ultra-filtration water enters reverse osmosis and carries out reuse, in case ultrafiltration adds, oxygenant is excessive to be oxidized reverse osmosis membrane, reduction (sodium bisulfite) is installed additional at feed water by reverse osmosis end, simultaneity factor is provided with chemically-cleaning device, when systemic contamination is serious, washing unit can be started and carry out matting, meet system and normally run.
Described ultra-filtration membrane is PAN material membrane element.
Described ultra-filtration equipment is hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane, tubular fibre external diameter
internal diameter
tubular fibre tube wall is covered with micropore.
Described reverse osmosis cleaning system is made up of stainless steel scavenging pump, cleaning medicine-chest, 5 μm of strainers and pipe arrangement.
Described S-WAT concentration of making up a prescription is generally 10%, and dosage is 20 ~ 30mg/L.
Described adds appropriate oxidant concentration 10% (general 10-20ppm) when hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing.
High voltage electrocagulation method improves 20%-30% than traditional electrical solution current efficiency; Electrolysis time shortens 30%-40%; Save electric energy and reach 30%-40%; Mud generation is few; Heavy metal clearance can reach 96%-99%.
By high-voltage pulse electric flocculation method treatment of dyeing and printing Be very effective, compared to the treatment process of traditional industries, high-voltage pulse electric flocculation has the pressure that process floor space is little, unification processes, debugging cycle is short, artificial and running cost is low, stability is high and greatly reduce later stage biochemistry.After electric flocculation treatment, COD clearance reaches 50% ~ 70%, and colourity degradation rate reaches that 98.5%, SS clearance reaches 90%, water outlet acid-basicity is weakly alkaline.For enterprise improve waste treatment capacity further, to reduce energy consumption effective and actually solve problem.
Ultimate principle is the effect by voltage and current, smash the organism in water and colour developing machine group, and the complexing chain of complexity or chelating chain, make it be decomposed into small molecules and ion, the ferric flocculant of the spontaneous stripping of pole plate and the effect of electrical field draw float downward except or precipitation remove.Meanwhile, in water treatment, add a certain amount of modification infusorial earth, by the Adsorption and flocculation ability that diatomite is stronger, trickle surperficial to it with superfine species adsorbs, better processing effect.
Coagulation possess Strong oxdiative-self-produced oxygenant, strong reduction-self-produced reductive agent, flocculation-from produce flocculant, air supporting-ultra-fine bubble of self-produced air supporting and sterilizing, decolouring and deodorization seven greatly function in the feature of a machine.Containing micronic dust waste water, high-colour intensity wastewater, used water difficult to degradate, poisonous and harmful waste water, containing particularly strong point in the Industrial Wastewater Treatment of heavy metal ion and reuse.
After coagulation process, coordinate film recovery system, quality of reused water and reverse osmosis system life-span can be greatly improved.
Embrane method reuse technology:
At present, in waste water recycling field, mainly adopt membrane filtration technique, its feature is: technology maturation, stable, and effluent quality is good, and energy fully automatic operation, and equipment good looking appearance, floor space is little.Be in operation and automatically control its back flushing by PLC and produce water, in addition according to running condition, within 3-6 month, carry out primary chemical cleaning and safeguards.At present, the film producer of each famous brand is all to work out the various pollution resistant membrane modules being suitable for waste water recycling.
Membrane separation technique generally can be divided into four classes: micro-filtration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO), and their filtering accuracy is more and more higher according to above order.User can select applicable film kind or several hierarchical combination according to water quality requirement.
1) micro-filtration can retain the particle between 0.1 ~ 1 micron, microfiltration membrane allows larger molecular organics and soluble solid (inorganic salt) etc. to pass through, but can stop suspended substance, bacterium, fractionated viral and big scale colloid through, the operation pressure reduction (effective impellent) of microfiltration membrane both sides is generally 0.7bar.
2) ultrafiltration can retain particle between 0.002 ~ 0.1 micron and impurity, ultra-filtration membrane allows small-molecule substance and soluble solid (inorganic salt) etc. to pass through, but will effectively stop colloid, protein, microorganism and larger molecular organics, for characterizing the molecular weight cut off of ultra-filtration membrane generally between 1,000 ~ 100, between 000, the operation pressure reduction of ultra-filtration membrane both sides is generally 1 ~ 7bar.
3) nanofiltration is a kind of special and up-and-coming separatory membrane kind, it is gained the name because the size that can retain material is about 1 nanometer (0.001 micron), between the operational zone of nanofiltration between ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis, it retains organic molecular weight and is approximately about 200 ~ 400, the ability retaining solvability salt is between 20 ~ 98%, to the decreasing ratio of monovalent anion salts solution lower than high-valence anion salts solution, decreasing ratio as sodium-chlor and calcium chloride is 20 ~ 80%, and the decreasing ratio of magnesium sulfate and sodium sulfate is 90 ~ 98%.Nanofiltration membrane is generally used for the organism and colourity of removing surface water, removes well water hardness and radioactivity radium, and part removes solvability salt, and enriching food and the useful matter etc. be separated in medicine, nanofiltration membrane both sides are run pressure reduction and are generally 3.5 ~ 16bar.
4) reverse osmosis is the most accurate embrane method liquid separation technology, it can stop the organism that all solvability salt and molecular weight are greater than 100, but allow water molecules through, cellulose acetate reverse osmosis film ratio of desalinization generally can be greater than 95%, and reverse osmosis composite membrane ratio of desalinization is generally greater than 98%.They are widely used in seawater and brackish water desalination, oiler feed, industrial pure water and electronic grade ultrapure water preparation, purified drinking water is produced, and the process such as wastewater treatment and special separation, uses reverse osmosis can reduce process cost and wastewater discharge significantly before ion-exchange.The operation pressure reduction of reverse osmosis membrane both sides is generally greater than 5bar when intaking for during brackish water, when intaking as seawater, generally lower than 84bar.
In membrane filtration system, film is key part, extends membrane lifetime, keeps high-throughout key to be pre-treatment.Pre-treatment can alleviate reverse osmosis membrane load effectively, improves stability, reliability, extends medicine and washes the cycle, reduce backwash reagent consumption.Therefore, use during membrane filtration and all want strict inflow requirement.
1, technique: coagulation+ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis;
2, major equipment selects ultra-filtration membrane to select PAN material membrane element;
3, consideration 20% affluence amount is designed, to adjust water quality, water yield impact load.
4, system water mass balancing: under normal circumstances, the ultrafiltration design rate of recovery 90 ~ 95%, reverse osmosis design rate of recovery 60-65%.
6, System drainage and spoil disposal:
Electric coagulation device regularly carries out spoil disposal, and sludge reflux is to former water equalizing tank.
Manganese sand filter, more medium filter backwash water are discharged: backwash water: every platform is about 3m3/ time, discharges 1 every day, drains into front end wastewater disposal basin process.
Ultrafiltration concentrated water discharge: about 10%, continuous blow-down, drains into comprehensive wastewater pond, front end.
Reverse osmosis concentrated water discharges: about 40%, and continuous blow-down, drains into dense water tank, adds qualified discharge after oxygenant through ion-exchanger heavy-metal ion removal; Ion-exchanger regeneration waste discharge enters comprehensive wastewater pond.
Sludge treatment: enter press filteration system, pressure filtration yielding water is back to front end wastewater disposal basin process.Mud transports outward process by there being the producer of qualification.
7, Controlling System:
Reuse water preprocessing part adopts manual, automatic two kinds of modes to control, and coagulation main frame, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis system adopt PLC full automatic control.
Coagulation+flocculation deposition apparatus
Coagulation principle of work is by being that water between 1cm-2cm adds certain voltage to spacing, various organism fragmentations in water are decomposed, macromole is broken into small molecules, the stream of electrons motion participated in again in water obtains electronics or loses electronics, the molysite that final and iron pole plate or aluminum substrate are separated out or aluminium salt produce coprecipitated precipitation, heavy metal ion in water is then at certain voltage, its complexing chain complicated in water or chelating chain is first interrupted under galvanic action, the replacement(metathesis)reaction participating in again obtaining electronics or losing electronics is (mainly with the Fe in water, Al ion) finally partly can become the granular state precipitation of trickle molecule or still with the precipitation of hydroxide form of metal ion and Fe, the coprecipitated precipitation of Al oxyhydroxide.Its reaction is complicated physics, an electrochemical process, and electric energy consumed in theory can process the COD of any equivalent, molecular energy conversion etc.
Coagulation possesses Strong oxdiative-self-produced oxygenant; Strong reduction-self-produced reductive agent; Flocculation-from produce flocculant; Air supporting-ultra-fine bubble of self-produced air supporting and the large function of sterilizing, decolouring and deodorization seven are in one.
Coagulation only needs the power consumption of electrolytic process 1/10th, electrochemistry, eddy current and magnetizing fluid effect, adjustable plate material (six kinds), distance between plates, voltage strength, current density, pH value, specific conductivity etc. and obtain optimum handling usefulness.High scrubbing rate, cost of investment are low, process cost is economized, it is simple to safeguard, scope of disposing of sewage is wide, it is little to produce sludge quantity.
Affect the factor of electrolytic efficiency:
A. plate material
The kind of plate material, very large on water treatment effect impact, if select improper, can power consumption be increased, therefore should select according to the characteristic of waste water during actually operating.Experimentally prove, mainly apply electrocoagulation when weaving and treatment of dyeing wastewater and float except principle, solubility aluminium sheet or iron plate should be selected to make anode, and iron plate makes negative electrode; Cyanide wastewater, should take graphite as anode, iron plate be negative electrode; Chromate waste water is then that anode and negative electrode are more suitable with iron plate.Relevant achievements material is then there is no as food wastewater.
B. polar plate spacing
The size of polar plate spacing directly affects power consumption and waste water in the residence time of electrolyzer.Generally speaking, spacing is larger, and retention time of sewage, voltage and power consumption all can increase, and treatment effect also can be affected; Spacing is less, and power consumption is lower, and retention time of sewage also shortens relatively, but required electrode group number will increase, and be just set as this greatly, and I&M management is all more difficult.
C. current density
Anodic current density means the electric current that unit annode area passes through.The size of anodic current density is relevant with the concentration of Pollutants in Wastewater.When waste strength one timing, current density is larger, voltage is higher, and speed of response is accelerated, and retention time of sewage can shorten, but power consumption increases, the pole plate lost of life.Otherwise current density reduces, polar plate area increases, and expense of just establishing increases.Therefore according to water quality requirement, the current density be applicable to should be selected.
D. stir
Stirring can accelerate the diffusion of waste water intermediate ion, accelerated reaction speed, and waste water quality is tended towards stability, and then promotes process effect.
E.pH value
Be mainly utilize electrocoagulation process during wastewater treatment, therefore waste water ph need control between 5 ~ 8, as too highly in pH value will make positive plate generation passivation, stops the dissolving of metal electrode, electrocoagulation is lost efficacy, affects treatment effect.
F. the electrolyzer residence time
The length of the residence time directly affects treatment effect and electrolyzer volume size, and the electrolyzer residence time is relevant with polar plate spacing and current density, determines after first must carrying out its feasibility test during practical application according to waste water quality characteristic.
G. conductance
The height of waste water conductance directly affects the effect of electrocoagulation.Conductance for the waste water of process is too high, and easily cause the electric discharge phenomena in electrolyzer between cathode-anode plate, electric current passes through rapidly between two-plate, and the reaction of failing to the raw electrocoagulation of waste water internal contamination produce, treatment effect will significantly reduce.Therefore waste water conductance is lower, the effect of electrocoagulation process is higher.Generally better at below 10000us/cm.
Coagulation removal effect and range of application:
A. grease: animality, vegetalitas, mineral grease, as hydration, emulsification, mixing, solvability grease or fat all can process in form, clearance reaches more than 99%.
B.SS: comprise and suspending and gluey SS, as wafer factory mill chip waste water, the ultra-fine suspended solids of graphite factory in IT industry, removes more than 99%.
C.BOD: can be used as high BOD concentration Wastewater Pretreatment (Strong oxdiative breaks key), in order to subsequent disposal.Middle low concentration wastewater can remove 50%-60%.
D.COD: high concentration COD waste water, electric neutrality not easily carries out materializing strategy, can because of Strong oxdiative break chemical bond and destroy electric neutrality coagulation remove or resolve into biodegradable small molecules, do pre-treatment.For the waste water of middle lower concentration, usual primary treatment can reach reuse standard (must make lab scale to determine).
E.TN, TP: the nutrition removed in surface water, urban river water is highly effective, removes more than 85%
F. heavy metal: remove by generating oxyhydroxide glue plumage.For CN-, Cr+6, there is remarkable low-cost processes benefit.
G. bacterium, virus, capsule spore: all killed by Strong oxdiative, remove more than 99.9%.
H. pigment is removed: printing and dyeing, dyeing and weaving industry waste water colour removal rate 98%, have superior wholesomeness, and cardinal principle is by Strong oxdiative and reduces by force, destroys chromophoric group functional group.
I. waste water recycling, ground water cleaning, surface water purification, cooling water purification,
J. radio isotope is removed; The pre-treatment of reverse osmosis RO, UF, nanofiltration, photochemical catalysis.
Electrocoagulation equipment mainly contains: electric coagulation machine, rectifier power source, chemicals dosing plant equipment.It and inclined-tube reaction settling vessel support the use, and effectively remove organic look group in this dyeing waste water and colloidalmaterial and suspended contaminant.Settling vessel adopts tube settling, and electric coagulation machine water outlet gravity flow flows into settling vessel.
J. manganese sand filter
Containing more Fe2+ in the reuse water of Electrocoagulation equipment process, through aeration, regulate pH after can remove most low price iron ion, but due to the reaction times shorter, water outlet still has residual, affects the operation of subsequent film equipment, needs to remove further.Manganese sand filter inside filling high-quality manganese sand and quartz sand filter media, effectively can remove the ferromanganese ion in water, ensures to produce the inflow requirement that water reaches RO film.
The principle of work of manganese sand filter utilizes method for oxidation that water middle or low price iron ion and low price mn ion are oxidized to ferric ion and value Mn ion exactly, then filters removal through absorption, reaches the order ground of iron manganese content in reduction water.Filtrate adopts refining manganese sand.After deferrization and demanganization strainer, water outlet Fe≤0.3mg/L can be guaranteed.Equipment adopts Pneumatic butterfly valve to control.
Manganese sand deironing principle: this equipment have employed aerating oxidation, the deironing principle of the catalysis of manganese sand, absorption, filtration, utilize aerating apparatus by soluble in water for the oxygen in air, and then Fe2+ in water is oxidized to water-fast Fe3+, then in conjunction with the catalysis of natural manganese sand, absorption, filtration by iron ion removing in water.
Iron oxidation reaction formula is as follows:
Fe forms: air: 4Fe2++3O2+6H2O=4Fe (OH) 3
Manganese sand: MnO.Mn
2o
7+ 4Fe
2++ 2O
2+ 6H
2o=3MnO
2+ 4Fe (OH)
3;
Under normal circumstances, design and operation flow velocity is about 8m/h-10m/h.
Under normal circumstances, separate unit strainer backwash cycle >=24h.
More medium filter
More medium filter is with quartz sand and hard coal for filtrate, filters and removes particle, suspended substance in former water.Upper strata is the ANTHRACITE FILTER MEDIA that particle is larger, and lower floor is tiny quartz sand particle, the filtrate in strainer from top to bottom, to be ascendingly arranged in order.When water flows through filtering layer from above, in water, the solid suspension material of part enters the small eyelet that upper strata filtrate is formed, be subject to adsorbing and the effect of mechanical detention retain by the upper layer of filtrate., overlap again and bridging action between these suspended substances be trapped meanwhile, just look like form thin film on the surface of filtering layer, continue to filter the suspended matter in water, the membrane filtration of Here it is so-called filter material surface layer.This filteration not only has on filtering layer surface, and also has this crown_interception when water enters middle filtering layer, is called permeation filtration effect.In addition, because filtrate is closely aligned each other, when suspended particle in water flows through those sinuate ducts in filter material layer, more chance and time is just had mutually to collide with filter material surface and contact, fine particle impurity in water is retained down, thus make water further be clarified and purify, reduce the opacity of water.Therefore this filter type is that the operation of follow-up equipment provides good flow condition.
The front and back pressure reduction passing strainer in time will raise, until lost efficacy.Now need to utilize reverse current backwash filtrate, filler in strainer is suspended and loosens, thus make the trapped substance adhering to filling surface peel off and be taken away by current, recover filtering function.Its backwash mode has independent water backwash and air water backwash two kinds of modes.: single water backwash washes intensity 10 ~ 15L/ (m2s), rate of expansion: 50%; During air water backwash: air inlet intensity 18 ~ 25L/ (m2s), purge 3 minutes, backwash expansion rate is 10 ~ 15%, and water backwash intensity is 5 ~ 8L/ (m2s), rate of expansion: 15 ~ 25%
More medium filter without particular requirement, can adapt to the former water of various different quality or pollution condition to former aqueous condition.Quartz sand filtration has low input, low cost movement, stable, efficient feature.
The characteristic of more medium filter:
Because of water distribution uniformity patten's design and the filtrate loading of uniqueness, filtration can be made to reach maximum efficiency, and contamination capacity is large, greatly reduces water outlet SDI value.
Can effectively remove the highstrung colloid of RO systematic influence, suspended substance.
Recoiling device design pressurized air cleans technology, can strengthen backwash effect.Back flushing process is reached, and ability is strong, water consumption is low, the time is short.
Under normal circumstances, design and operation flow velocity is about 8m/h-12m/h.
Under normal circumstances, separate unit strainer backwash cycle >=24h.
Under normal circumstances, filtrate is changed once for 1 year.
Deep bed filter
Deep bed filter can remove further in particle suspensions.Can effectively prevent sand grains from entering follow-up system simultaneously, damage water pump and diaphragm.Precision 50 μm selected by filter bag, meets ultrafiltration inflow requirement.It is high that deep bed filter has filtering accuracy, and pollutant holding capability is large, changes the features such as convenient.
Ultra-filtration equipment
Major function removes impurity, suspended sludge and suppresses organism Zi Long, avoids thus resulting in blockage and polluting, and then extend follow-up equipment work-ing life and reduce running cost expense.
Ultrafiltration is a kind of screening process relevant to membrane pore size size, with the pressure difference of film both sides for motivating force, take ultra-filtration membrane as filtration medium, under pressure, when stoste flows through film surface, the many tiny micropore that ultrafiltration membrane surface gathers only allows water and small-molecule substance pass through and become permeate, and the material that in stoste, volume is greater than film surface micropore footpath is then trapped within the liquid feeding side of film, become concentrated solution, thus realize the object of the purification to stoste, isolation and identification.Diameter can be that particle between 0.002-0.1 μm and impurity retain by the micropore screening on ultra-filtration membrane film surface, can effectively remove water-borne glue body, silicon, protein, microorganism and larger molecular organics.
Hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane is a kind of form the most ripe and advanced in ultra-filtration technique.Tubular fibre tube wall is covered with micropore, and aperture is expressed with the molecular weight that can retain material, and molecular weight cut-off can reach several thousand to hundreds of thousands of.
Polysulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane system is mainly made up of to thousands of tiny hollow fibre filaments and film shell two portions one-tenth hundred.The material that can be used to manufacture ultra-filtration membrane is a lot, comprises polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) (PVDF), polyethersulfone (PES), poly-polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polysulfones (PS), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) etc.At the end of the nineties, polyether sulfone materials commercially achieves application; And the end of the nineties, the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membrane of more excellent performance starts to be widely used in water treatment field.Therefore, polyethersulfone and polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) become at present ultrafiltration membrane material the most widely.PAN ultra-filtration membrane good hydrophilic property, has splendid oxidation-resistance and fatigue resistance, and its antipollution, resistance to cleaning, substantially prolongs the work-ing life of film silk.The termination of hyperfiltration membrane assembly adopts the method encapsulation of epoxy resin casting.
Hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane is divided into again inner pressed and external-compression type two kinds by water intake mode: inner pressed: namely stoste is introduced into macaroni yarn inside, drive through pressure difference, radially penetrate tubular fibre from inside to outside and become permeate, the inside of macaroni yarn then stayed by concentrated solution, flowed out by the other end, the effect of its epoxy resin end envelope lives gap between film silk at the end seals of hollow fiber film thread, thus stoste is separated with permeate, prevent stoste from filtering without film silk and directly penetrating in permeate.
Ultra-filtration process is simple, and corollary apparatus is few, and operation running is easy, and maintenance cost is low.Ultra-filtration membrane chemical-resistant resistance corrodes, pH wide accommodation, and ultra-filtration equipment unit volume media area is maximum, and investment cost is minimum, and cleaning is simple.
When water quality as entered ultrafiltration is better (turbidity is less than 5NTU), in order to improve the rate of recovery, can adopt the operation scheme of dead-end filtration, the rate of recovery reaches more than 95%; As influent turbidity is greater than 5NTU, in order to reduce the pollution on film surface, suggestion adopts the operation scheme of cross flow filter, and cross-flow amount is about 10%-30%.Native system adopts cross flow filter mode, cross-flow amount 10% as concentrate recirculation to sewage plant.
In ultrafiltration system, in water inlet or backwash water, add clorox, prevent microorganism from breeding in ultra-filtration membrane.Clorox makes up a prescription concentration 10%, adds concentration 10 ~ 20ppm during backwash.Clorox is generally advisable to two weeks with a week storage period.
Ultra-filtration equipment forms primarily of ultrafiltration host, backwashing pump, sodium hypochlorite medicine adding device, chemically-cleaning device and automatic control system.According to time or pressure setting backwashing time and interval, automatically run and backwash.Chemically-cleaning device forms by cleaning water tank, clean cycle pump, 5 μm of cartridge filters and correlate meter.The every 3-6 of matting month once, Non-follow control.
RO reclaims main frame (concentrating and separating function)
RO film unit major function is the objectionable impurities in concentrating and separating water, such as TDS, COD, Cu2+ plasma, and its clearance can reach more than 99%; Make effluent quality can reach the water quality of tap water, even not bad than the water quality of tap water.
RO[Reverse Osmosis] reverse osmosis technology is the membrane sepn filtering technique utilizing pressure difference to be power, its aperture is little of nano level (1 nanometer=10-9 rice), under pressure, H2O molecule can pass through RO film, and the impurity such as inorganic salt, heavy metal ion, organism, colloid, bacterium, virus in the water of source cannot through RO film, thus make can through pure water and cannot through dense water strictly make a distinction.
Can only be separated by the semi-permeable membranes of water with a kind of with containing the solution of solute by pure water, now, the water of pure water side is just spontaneous through semi-permeable membranes, and enter solution side, the water surface of solution side raises, and this phenomenon is permeated exactly.When liquid level is increased to certain altitude, film pressure at both sides reaches balance, and the liquid level of solution side no longer raises, and at this moment, there is a pressure difference film both sides, are called osmotic pressure.If add the pressure being greater than osmotic pressure to solution side, the water molecules in solution will be extruded to pure water side, and this process is just in time contrary with infiltration, and we are referred to as reverse osmosis.We can see from the process of reverse osmosis, and due to the effect of pressure, the water molecules in solution enters in pure water, and pure water amount increases, and solution itself is concentrated.
Reverse osmosis unit forms primarily of high-pressure pump, scale inhibition dosing pump, reverse osmosis membrane and control section.High-pressure pump is to the pressurization of source water, and except water molecules can through except RO film, other material (mineral substance, organism, microorganism etc.) in water is nearly all refused outside film, cannot be washed away through RO film by high-pressure thick water.
High-pressure pump
High-pressure pump provides enough intake pressure, maintains the normal operation of reverse osmosis membrane for reverse osmosis membrane assembly.High-pressure pump material is stainless steel, and high-pressure pump joins soft initiator, the impact to film when reducing to start.
Reverse osmosis membrane group
Reverse osmosis membrane group is the topworks of whole desalination system.It mainly shoulders the responsibility removing a small amount of metal ion residual in soluble salt in water and prime process, colloid, organism and microorganism.Ensure that producing water water quality reaches design requirements.
Native system adopts pollution-resistant membrane element, is applicable to strict pre-treatment, but the field of water outlet still containing pollutents such as organism.Because diaphragm is electric neutrality, greatly reduce bacterium, microorganism is in the absorption on film surface, the widest feed water runner, make it not only have stronger resistance to crocking, what have more after matting is effectively restorative, is widely used in the regeneration field of municipal effluent and trade effluent, and be each fields such as polluted surface water desalination, the reuse of refrigeration cycle sewer.
Sodium bisulfite chemicals dosing plant
Owing to adding clorox sterilization in hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing, adding reductibility sterilant sodium bisulfite in RO water inlet can complementary sterilization.In addition, oxidisability chlorine residue has destruction to reverse osmosis membrane, adds sodium bisulfite and then can remove chlorine residue completely.Residue in sodium sulfite solution in pipeline and also there is stronger bacteriostatic action.S-WAT concentration of making up a prescription is generally 10%, and dosage is 20 ~ 30mg/L.Device adopts U.S. Pa Sifeida to measure dosing pump, PVC material, and powerful oxidation corrosion resistance corrodes.
Scale inhibitors chemicals dosing plant
The major function of reverse osmosis is desalination, and part reverse osmosis membrane scale inhibitor special commute is deposited on the settlings such as the various carbonate on reverse osmosis membrane surface, vitriol, silicate, phosphoric acid salt crust and ferric oxide and has excellent scale inhibition, dispersing property.Scale inhibitors addition 2 ~ 5ppm.Point of addition: first-stage reverse osmosis cartridge filter is intake.
Reverse osmosis cleaning system
Reverse osmosis module is after long-time running, the pollutent that some is difficult to rinse out can be subject to, if the difficulty soluble salt fouling of long-term trace and organic accumulation, membrane module degradation will be caused, so must clean with pharmaceutical chemicals, to recover its normal permeant flux and desalination ability.Reverse osmosis membrane assembly arranges a shared cleaning system.Reverse osmosis cleaning system is made up of stainless steel scavenging pump, cleaning medicine-chest, 5 μm of strainers and pipe arrangement.
Monitoring instrument instrument
Whether normally run to control, monitoring reverse osmosis system, also need to configure a series of Monitoring equipment instrument: inlet/outlet specific conductivity table, inlet/outlet PH/ORP instrument, product water/concentrated stream gauge, water inlet/intersegmental/dense water pressure table, sampling unit etc.Also need outfit PLC programmable control system and self-acting valve group to realize the automatic control of RO recovery system simultaneously.
Water outlet enters ultra-filtration equipment through aeration, precipitation and enters reverse osmosis, carries out reuse, for preventing ultra-filtration membrane microbial contamination, adding appropriate oxygenant (general 10-20ppm) carry out algae removal, sterilization when hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing.Ultra-filtration water enters reverse osmosis and carries out reuse, in case ultrafiltration adds, oxygenant is excessive to be oxidized reverse osmosis membrane, install reduction (sodium bisulfite) chemicals dosing plant additional at feed water by reverse osmosis end, and be provided with ORP (oxidizing potential) instrument monitoring, simultaneity factor is provided with chemical cleaning system, this system has sterilization, sterilizing, decolouring, deodorizing water outlet potential of hydrogen are weakly alkaline.Reclaiming system long service life, the features such as cleaning frequency is low.Further raising waste treatment capacity and reclamation rate, reduction energy consumption are effective and actually solve problem.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, therefore all equivalences done according to structure, feature and the principle described in patent claim of the present invention change or modify, and are included in patent claim of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. electricity flocculation is at treatment of dyeing wastewater and reuse technology, it is characterized in that: treatment process processing step is as follows:
(1), electrochemical techniques are merged mutually with traditional chemical precipitation technology, under DC electric field effect, realize the deep removal of ion, and pole plate is continuous and current response, the negative electrode of bed electrolysis simultaneously, produce electronic migration between both anodes, cause electrochemical reaction.
(2), simultaneously water produce oxygen electric discharge at anode and produce oxidizing reaction, to inorganics in water, organism is oxidized.
(3), cathode ion obtains electric forming nascent hydrogen, and nascent hydrogen has the strongest reducing power, removes colourity and reduction of hexavalent chromium material in water.
(4), due to iron pole plate produce iron ion when electrolysis and underwater gold belongs to ion coagulating sedimentation, do not need to add medicament in addition, from produce flocculant.
(5), enter ultrafiltration, the reverse osmosis unit degree of depth remove carry out reuse, for preventing ultra-filtration membrane microbial contamination, adding appropriate oxygenant (general 10-20ppm) when hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing and carrying out algae removal, sterilization; Ultra-filtration water enters reverse osmosis and carries out reuse, in case ultrafiltration adds, oxygenant is excessive to be oxidized reverse osmosis membrane, reduction (sodium bisulfite) is installed additional at feed water by reverse osmosis end, simultaneity factor is provided with chemically-cleaning device, when systemic contamination is serious, washing unit can be started and carry out matting, meet system and normally run.
2. electricity flocculation according to claim 1 is at treatment of dyeing wastewater and reuse technology, it is characterized in that: described ultra-filtration membrane is PAN material membrane element.
3. electricity flocculation according to claim 1 is at treatment of dyeing wastewater and reuse technology, it is characterized in that: described ultra-filtration equipment is hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane, tubular fibre external diameter
internal diameter
tubular fibre tube wall is covered with micropore.
4. electricity flocculation according to claim 1 is at treatment of dyeing wastewater and reuse technology, it is characterized in that: described reverse osmosis cleaning system is made up of stainless steel scavenging pump, cleaning medicine-chest, 5 μm of strainers and pipe arrangement.
5. electricity flocculation according to claim 1 is at treatment of dyeing wastewater and reuse technology, it is characterized in that: described S-WAT concentration of making up a prescription is generally 10%, and dosage is 20 ~ 30mg/L.
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| CN105130133A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-09 | 天津邦盛净化设备工程有限公司 | Treatment system and method for water-soluble paint production wastewater |
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| TWI612981B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2018-02-01 | Univ Chung Yuan Christian | Sterilized plasma system |
| CN108249529A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-06 | 上海船研环保技术有限公司 | A kind of electric flocculation dephosphorization apparatus |
| CN113045140A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-06-29 | 江西怡润科技有限公司 | Method for treating printing and dyeing wastewater based on reverse osmosis membrane |
| CN113501593A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-15 | 内蒙古金河环保科技股份有限公司 | Sub-osmosis membrane wastewater treatment system and process |
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