CN104527677B - A kind of sand-proof rail vehicle - Google Patents
A kind of sand-proof rail vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN104527677B CN104527677B CN201410718224.6A CN201410718224A CN104527677B CN 104527677 B CN104527677 B CN 104527677B CN 201410718224 A CN201410718224 A CN 201410718224A CN 104527677 B CN104527677 B CN 104527677B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/08—Sides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/12—Roofs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F1/00—Underframes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/50—Other details
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of sand-proof rail vehicle, including car body, bogie, equipment compartment, air conditioner ventilating system, the car body is made up of headwall, side wall, roof and underframe, and the coating structure of the side wall includes wall primer layer, wall putty layer, wall floating coating layer, metope enamelled coating and wall layer of varnish；The coating structure of the roof includes top prime coat, top floating coating layer, top surface enamelled coating and top layer of varnish；The coating structure of the underframe includes underframe prime coat and underframe top coat layer.The present invention from preferably flexible coating by constituting the elastic painting design of car body, with excellent outer surface wearability, remarkable ageing-resistant performance, preferable ply adhesion and cold-resistant characteristic, utilize Stone Shock power outside the recoverable deformation buffer of system, make rail vehicle be not only able to be adapted to high wind sandy land environmental quality, can also be applied in high and cold, high ultraviolet area operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rail vehicle, more particularly to a kind of sand-proof railcar for being suitable to run in high wind sandy land
, belong to rail vehicle manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
The car coating system of the rail vehicles such as existing EMUs includes side wall and removes dress, roof application, underframe and steering
Frame application, wherein, side wall application generally comprises priming paint, Puttying, floating coating and finish paint, the thickness of each layer is about 60 μm,
3mm, 40 μm and 60 μm；Roof application generally comprises priming paint, asphalt paint and finish paint, the thickness of each layer is about 60 μm, 3mm and
60μm；Underframe application includes priming paint, asphalt paint and finish paint, and the thickness of each layer is about 60 μm, 3mm and 60 μm；Bogie is applied
Dress includes priming paint and finish paint, and the thickness of each layer is 60 μm.
The rail vehicle suitable environment such as existing EMUs temperature is+40 DEG C~-25 DEG C, and vehicle runs shape in high speed
Under state, Wind shear, sandstone impact force are multiplied to car body appearance surface damage, particularly run in the area of high dust storm, on
Wanting for sand-proof can not be met in terms of pliability, anti-wear performance, ageing-resistant performance and ply adhesion by stating painting design
Ask.
In addition, if rail vehicle is runed under -40 DEG C of psychro-environments, ice and snow accumulates in the axle box of bogie, traction
The component surfaces such as motor, framework, when may cause to damage to electrical system in ice-snow thickness increase or melting process, and then band
Carry out potential safety hazard, meanwhile, under low-temperature condition, material itself flexility declines, and fragility is improved, and vehicle external surface painting design will
Receive that during access tunnel the test of deformation band can be recovered.
The content of the invention
It is suitable present invention is primarily aimed at solving the above problems with deficiency there is provided one kind with the husky performance of excellent wind-proof
The sand-proof rail vehicle runed in high wind sandy land.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of sand-proof rail vehicle, including car body, bogie, equipment compartment, air conditioner ventilating system, the car body is by holding
Wall, side wall, roof and underframe composition, the coating structure of the side wall include wall primer layer, wall putty layer, wall floating coating layer, wall
Top coat layer and wall layer of varnish；The coating structure of the roof includes top prime coat, top floating coating layer, top surface enamelled coating and top varnish
Layer；The coating structure of the underframe includes underframe prime coat and underframe top coat layer.
Further, the wall primer of the side wall, wall putty, wall floating coating, wall finiss and wall varnish be respectively epoxy primer,
Unsaturated polyester putty, polyurethane inter-coat, polyurethane finish and polyurethane lacquer.
Further, the thickness of wall primer layer is more than 50 μm, and the thickness of wall putty layer is 3mm, the thickness of wall floating coating layer
For more than 30 μm, the thickness of metope enamelled coating is more than 60 μm, and the thickness of wall layer of varnish is more than 40 μm.
Further, the top priming paint of the roof, top floating coating, top surface paint and top varnish are respectively epoxy primer, polyurethane
Floating coating, polyurethane finish and polyurethane lacquer.
Further, the thickness of top prime coat is more than 50 μm, and the thickness of top floating coating layer is more than 30 μm, top surface enamelled coating
Thickness is more than 60 μm, and the thickness of top layer of varnish is more than 40 μm.
Further, the underframe priming paint and underframe finish paint of the underframe are respectively epoxy primer and polyurethane finish.
Further, the thickness of underframe prime coat and underframe top coat layer is more than 60 μm.
Further, the coating structure of the bogie includes frame prime coat, frame top coat layer and frame layer of varnish.
Further, the frame priming paint of the bogie, frame finish paint and frame varnish be respectively epoxy primer, the elastic finish paint of epoxy and
Fluorocarbon varnish.
Further, the thickness of frame prime coat is more than 60 μm, and the thickness of frame top coat layer is 100-200 μm, frame layer of varnish
Thickness is 40-60 μm.
To sum up content, a kind of sand-proof rail vehicle of the present invention, have preferable flexible coating by selecting
The elastic painting design of car body is constituted, the car coating system has good overall flexibility, excellent outer surface wearability, Zhuo
Ageing-resistant performance more and preferable ply adhesion, using Stone Shock power outside the recoverable deformation buffer of system, meanwhile,
The painting design also has excellent cold-resistant characteristic, makes the rail vehicles such as the EMUs of this painting design of car body external equipment not
But it can adapt to, in high wind sandy land environmental quality, can also be applied in high and cold, high ultraviolet area operation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is rail vehicle structure schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2 is air feed system structural representation one of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is kuppe assembly structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is kuppe structure section figure of the present invention.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, car body 1, bogie 2, equipment compartment 3, air conditioner ventilating system 4, headwall 5, side wall 6, roof 7,
Underframe 8, air feed wind regime 9, air-supply pipeline 10, injection apparatus 11, framework 12, axle box 13, heater 14, wheel 15, jet pipe
16, exhausting plate 17, baffle plate 18, deflector 19, skirtboard 20, bolt 21, kuppe 22, bottom plate 23, mounting seat 24.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in figure 1, a kind of sand-proof rail vehicle for providing of the present invention, including the car body 1 of aluminium alloy, bogie 2, set
Standby cabin 3, air conditioner ventilating system 4 etc..
Wherein, car body 1 includes headwall 5, side wall 6, roof 7 and underframe 8.Bogie 2 includes framework, trailer system, braking
System, primary spring, secondary suspension system, axletree, axle box, wheel equity, trailer system include traction electric machine, gear-box etc.
Part, brakes includes the parts such as brake clamp and brake disc, and air conditioner ventilating system 4 includes the overhead type sky installed in roof
Unit is adjusted, air-conditioner set sends into the air after processing in guest room by air channel the temperature and humidity for adjusting guest room, while will be useless
Outside gas discharge car.
In the present embodiment, the coating with anti-blown sand performance is all coated with car body 1, bogie 2, equipment compartment 3.According to
The experience of the rail vehicle power such as present Research and EMUs of coating technology application application, for ultraviolet in high dust storm, high and cold, height
The rail vehicle of line area operation, coating is resisting Wind shear, the ability of sandstone impact force can not rely solely on most external and apply
The hardness or wearability of layer, only whole protective system possess excellent pliability, anti-wear performance and ply adhesion, can
Reach optimal protection effect.
In the present embodiment, the coating structure of side wall 6 include wall primer layer, wall putty layer, wall floating coating layer, metope enamelled coating and
Wall layer of varnish.
Wherein, wall primer layer is as the first layer of side wall painting design, and the directly base material with side wall 6 is connected, its interlayer
Adhesive force and the antiseptic power of itself directly affect the quality of whole painting design, so the selection of priming paint lays particular emphasis on investigation attachment
Power, chemicals-resistant, anti-corrosive properties etc..In the present embodiment, wall primer selects epoxy primer, it is preferred to use dried at normal temperature epoxy bottom
Paint, on the basis of reduction energy consumption for drying, ensures in stronger permeability and adhesive force, the present embodiment substrate surface, wall bottom
The thickness of enamelled coating is more than 50 μm, preferably 60 μm.After epoxy resin cure film forming, due to containing stabilization in molecular structure
Phenyl ring and ehter bond, molecular structure are again more close, therefore have preferable stability and excellent mechanical strength to chemicals corrosion,
Such as hardness, cold-hot and mechanical shock performance, are selected using two component epoxy paint as priming paint, are provided and good are prevented for base material
Corruption, alkali resistant sexual function etc., make whole system possess good adhesive force with base material, play the optimum efficiency of paint.
Due to the surface irregularity that the reasons such as aluminum alloy bodywork welding are caused, it need to be mended using the larger coating of solid content
It is flat, therefore wall putty layer is spread on wall primer layer, wall putty is to remove rugged defect, putty on coated article surface
It is formulated using a small amount of paint base, mass filler and appropriate coloring pigment, can fill up part has the working surface of depression, also may be used
Struck off with all surfaces, after wall primer layer is parched, be applied over wall primer layer surface.In the present embodiment, wall putty selects insatiable hunger
And body solder, it is preferred to use elastic lightweight Unsaturated polyester putty, its thickness is preferably 3mm.Elastic lightweight unsaturated polyester (UP)
Putty has splendid adhesive force, alkali resistance, corrosion resistance and intensity, and the elastic lightweight for adding hollow polymer microsphere is unsaturated
Body solder, plays buffering pneumatic cushion effect, it is soft that the conventional Unsaturated polyester putty of imparting is unable to reach using the air in microballoon
Toughness and low-density, increase coating surface strength and Coating Durability, improve the permeability resistance of coating.
Wall floating coating layer is the last one coat before wall finiss spraying, is favorably improved the smooth and light on coated article surface
Slippery, the defect of enclosing wall putty layer, to improve the clarity and richness of metope enamelled coating, improves ornamental, increase applies thickness
Degree and water resistance.In the present embodiment, wall floating coating selects polyurethane inter-coat, it is preferred to use acroleic acid polyurethane floating coating, third
The thickness of dry film of olefin(e) acid polyurethane inter-coat is more than 30 μm, preferably 40 μm.Acroleic acid polyurethane floating coating can either be met
Into the requirement of thickness and permeability resistance, with good covering power, and wall putty can be ensured with enclosing wall putty layer defects again
Layer has splendid adhesive force with metope enamelled coating.
The color effect that the side wall 6 of car body is finally presented all is embodied by metope enamelled coating, therefore, and finish paint is applied
Material not only to have good colourity and brightness, more require with good anti-pollution, ageing-resistant, acid and alkali-resistance, salt spray resistance, protection against the tide and
Mildew resistance, also requires easy construction, and dried coating film is fast, and protecting light, to protect color good, the features such as good permeability, is having decoration concurrently in a word and is protecting
On the basis of protective function, such as color, gloss, texture, in addition it is also necessary in face of the repellence of adverse circumstances.In the present embodiment, metope
Paint selects polyurethane finish, it is preferred to use aliphatic acrylic polyurethane finish, the dry film of aliphatic acrylic polyurethane finish
Thickness is more than 60 μm, preferably 60 μm.Traditional aromatic compound is different from as main film forming substance, wall finiss layer choosing
With aliphatic compound, more excellent ageing-resistant, water-fast and chemical resistance is presented, aliphatic polyurethane top coat has low temperature
The advantages of good film-forming property, hardness are high, pliability is good, adhesive force is good, its excellent weatherability and yellowing resistance are topcoat paint reasons
The selection thought.
Wall layer of varnish is free from the transparent of pigment or with light flaxen coating, is the final coating of application, layer of varnish
Effect be not required increase surface glossiness and ageing-resistant performance, more importantly improve painting design wear-resisting, impact resistance
Performance, conventional polyurethanes coating is due to the presence of a certain amount of hydrophilic radical, and water resistance and mechanical performance are poor.In the present embodiment,
Wall layer of varnish selects polyurethane lacquer, it is preferred to use wear-resisting acroleic acid polyurethane varnish, the dried film thickness of acroleic acid polyurethane varnish
Spend for more than 40 μm, preferably 40 μm.In the present embodiment, the appropriate increase isocyanate group in the formula design of wall layer of varnish
With the mol ratio of hydroxyl, while adding the inorganic fillers such as aluminum oxide, silica, and the total addition level of antiwear assistant is controlled to exist
Between 4%~8%, excellent wearability, impact resistance, water resistance and mutually coordinated pliability and hardness, energy are made it have
Enough reduce coating damage caused by sandstone repeated stock, abrasion.
The coating structure of the side wall 6 is selected constitutes flexible painting design with each good flexible coating,
Utilize the impulsive force of sandstone outside the recoverable deformation buffer of system.In aliphatic acrylic polyurethane finish layer and wear-resisting propylene
Under the cooperation of sour polyurethane lacquer layer, the painting design ageing-resistant performance of side wall is can reach 3000 hours, exceed well over conventional painting
1000 hours of material.The coating structure of the side wall 6 has preferable ply adhesion, and whole painting can be also kept even if coating damage
The stronger cohesive force of dress system, prevents the expansion of breakage, and then greatly improves the anti-blown sand ability of side wall, meets rail vehicle and exists
The requirement of high wind sandy land operation.The coating structure of the side wall 6, which is removed, has excellent anti-blown sand performance, while also having excellent
Resistance to low temperature, each coating can meet the use requirement in -40 DEG C of pole low temperature environments, make rail vehicle except can be in height
Wind sandy land operation can also be in extremely frigid zones operation, and because coating structure has preferable ageing-resistant performance, also makes rail
Road vehicle is applied to run in high ultraviolet area.
The coating structure of roof 7 includes top prime coat, top floating coating layer, top surface enamelled coating and top layer of varnish, wherein, push up priming paint
Layer choosing epoxy primer, it is preferred to use normal temperature type epoxy primer, thickness is more than 50 μm, preferably 60 μm；Push up floating coating layer choosing
With polyurethane inter-coat, it is preferred to use acroleic acid polyurethane floating coating, thickness is more than 30 μm, preferably 40 μm；Top surface enamelled coating
From polyurethane finish, it is preferred to use aliphatic acrylic polyurethane finish, thickness is more than 60 μm, preferably 60 μm；Top is clear
Enamelled coating selects polyurethane lacquer, it is preferred to use wear-resisting acroleic acid polyurethane varnish, more than 40 μm of thickness, preferably 40 μm.Roof 7
Coating structure selection principle it is identical with the coating structure of side wall 6, with the anti-blown sand ability for improving roof 7, low temperature resistant and anti-purple
Outside line ability.
Surrounded because underframe 8 is most of by equipment compartment 3, and both sides are additionally provided with skirtboard, therefore, the coating knot of underframe 8
Structure only includes underframe priming paint and underframe finish paint, wherein, underframe priming paint selects epoxy primer, it is preferred to use normal temperature type epoxy primer,
Thickness is more than 60 μm, and preferably 60 μm, underframe finish paint selects polyurethane finish, it is preferred to use aliphatic acrylic polyurethane face
Paint, thickness is more than 60 μm, preferably 60 μm.
The coating structure of bogie 2 includes frame prime coat, frame top coat layer and frame layer of varnish, and the coating structure is sprayed on steering
On the parts such as framework, bolt, the steel spring of frame 2.As the equipment compartment 3 installed in underbody, environment and bogie 2 residing for it
It is close, therefore, spray treatment, coating structure selection and the bogie 2 of equipment compartment 3 is also carried out on the outer surface of equipment compartment 3
Coating structure it is identical.
Wherein, frame prime coat selects the epoxy primer with excellent adhesive attraction, and bi-component epoxy primer dry films thickness is 60 μ
More than m, by the use of epoxy resin as the main film forming substance of frame prime coat, utilizes hydroxyl, ehter bond isopolarity base by preferably 60 μm
Group ensures the adhesive force good to base material.
Frame top coat layer selects the elastic finish paint of the epoxy with good flexility, bi-component thickness epoxy elasticity finish paint dry film
Thickness is 100-200 μm, and preferably 150 μm, by carrying out Molecular Design to epoxy resin and its curing agent, control is participated in
The number of the active hydrogen of curing reaction, the hydrogen atom in amine molecule, i.e. portion ends are replaced with other chemical reaction group parts
The number of reactive hydrogen atom on curing agent, to control the crosslink density of epoxy resin, increase cured product obtains enough deformations
Ability makes to improve the pliability of epoxy finish, the coating structure of underframe and bogie is obtained enough deformabilities.
Frame layer of varnish, which is selected, has self-cleaning, low-surface-energy fluorocarbon varnish, and bi-component fluorocarbon varnish thickness of dry film thickness is
40-60 μm, preferably 50 μm.Frame layer of varnish use with unique texture fluorocarbon resin, its fluorine atom along carbochain in the shape of a spiral
Distribution, the C-F keys of high bond energy completely protect C-C keys, polymer is had preferable ultraviolet-resistant capacity；Add simultaneously
Hydrophobic nano SiO2Auxiliary agent, synthesizes the self-cleaning structure of similar lotus leaf, minimal contact angle >=110 ° with water use coating table
Face has good hydrophobicity and low dielectric constant, so that whole layer of varnish has excellent self-cleaning, ageing-resistant and anti-caking
Ice performance.
The coating structure of the bogie 2 has excellent anti-blown sand performance, while also there is excellent resistance to low temperature,
Undergoing still has preferable pliability and ply adhesion after low temperature environment, with self-cleaning, low-surface-energy fluorocarbon varnish layer energy
The accumulation of ice and snow is enough reduced, ice sheet just can easily be removed by the common mode such as beat, makes rail vehicle except can be with
Can be with -40 DEG C in extremely frigid zones operation in high wind sandy land operation.
To ensure excellent ply adhesion in wind sand environment, above-mentioned side wall 6, roof 7, underframe 8, bogie 2 and set
Each coating in standby cabin 3 is required to grinding process before construction, and coating polishing coordinates corresponding mesh number using pneumatic or electric polishing machine
The mode of sand paper, increases each coating roughness, improves inter-layer bonding force.To reach aesthetic, ensureing the same of polishing effect
When, according to the different sand paper from different roughness of coating.Prime coat polishing uses (80~120) # sand paper, is polishing to without thick
There is obvious polishing scratch on bulky grain, surface；Putty layer polishing uses (120~180) # sand paper, removes dark stupefied, projection, and increase surface is put down
Whole degree；(240~320) # sand paper and (320~400) # sand paper is respectively adopted in floating coating layer, top coat layer polishing, and polishing surface is equal
Even, tarnish.
The above-mentioned side wall 6 of detection, roof 7, underframe 8, bogie 3 and single coating in the painting design of equipment compartment 3 and whole
The bending property of individual painting design at normal temperatures, impact resistance, ply adhesion, the convex experimental performance of cup and anti-wear performance, is pressed
After being tested according to following special test methods, painting design bending property, impact resistance, ply adhesion, the convex experimental performance of cup
It is not less than the 80% of normal temperature performance with anti-wear performance.
The national standard of current coating resistance to low temperature is not also directed entirely in rail vehicle, and what is referred to only has
JG-T25-1999《Building coating coating freeze-thawing resistant cyclicity determination method》, wherein there is no clear stipulaties for cycle-index, it is minimum
Temperature is also only -20 DEG C.
The specific test procedure that the present embodiment is provided is as follows：
(1) model of painting design is made according to above-mentioned design standard.
(2) model is conserved in temperature (23 ± 2) DEG C, humidity (50 ± 5) % environment mixed in 7d, coating complete A,
The chemical reaction of B component is carried out to relatively steady state, and each side index such as crosslink density, hardness of coating reaches optimality
Energy.
(3) model is placed in -40 DEG C of environment and keeps 6h.
The purpose of the step is to allow coating to be placed in the low temperature environment under particular requirement, the existing car cold operation of simulation；Row
Car is the alternate run in the different temperature environment such as low temperature, normal temperature, while each knot in process of the low temperature to normal temperature, coating
Structure undergoes volume-diminished to the process of expansion, or even occurs crystallization to the state change melted.
(4) normal temperature environment is warmed naturally to again, 12h is kept, to simulate existing car normal temperature operation process.
(5) the step of repeating (2)-(4), is repeated 20 times, coating structure is without efflorescence, cracking, peeling, foaming, discoloration etc. altogether
Phenomenon.
Performance does not fail after single temperature shock cycle, it is impossible to which objectively reaction is chronically at vehicle in high and low temperature alternative environment and transported
The performance change of battalion, therefore, the above-mentioned cyclic process of test procedure repetition 20 times, with the existing car operating environment of true simulation, it is ensured that
The accuracy of experiment.
For the anti-blown sand for further improving rail vehicle, low temperature resistant performance, as shown in Fig. 2 in the present embodiment, turning
A set of independent air feed system is provided with to frame 2.Air feed system is by air feed wind regime 9, air-supply pipeline 10, multigroup injection apparatus 11
Composition, air feed wind regime 9 is connected by air-supply pipeline 10 with multigroup injection apparatus 11, and air feed wind regime 9 is used for multigroup injection apparatus
11 provide high pressure air, and multigroup injection apparatus 11 is separately mounted on the underframe 8 of car body or bogie 2, air-supply pipeline 10
It is fixed on by pipe clamp etc. on underframe 8 or bogie 2.
Air feed wind regime 9 is the air feed reservoir being separately provided, and the air feed reservoir is fixedly mounted on vehicle body bottom frame or bogie 2
Framework 12 on.The specification of air feed reservoir air pressure as needed and air quantity determine, can be with every train with an air feed
Reservoir, can also often save compartment with air feed reservoir, can also a section compartment match somebody with somebody multiple air feed reservoirs, with respectively to different
The air feed of injection apparatus 11.In order to simplify structure, vehicle weight is reduced, air feed wind regime 9 can also be used directly matches somebody with somebody originally on vehicle
The reservoir put, such as total reservoir, braking reservoir, auxiliary reservoir, draws air-supply pipeline 10 by these reservoirs, connects multiple injection apparatus
11, to the track blowing out pressurised air in the front of wheel 15.
As shown in Fig. 2 also setting one group of injection apparatus 11, injection apparatus 11 respectively in the front of two wheels 15 above
The compressed air of high speed is sprayed for the rail level to the front of wheel 15, air curtain is formed on the anterior rail level of wheel 15, utilizes
High speed compressed air all excludes the foreign matters such as sand and dust, the snow of all sizes on track totally, reduces the rolling of wheel 15 and connects
Touch fatigue source, increase wheel and track service life, it is ensured that vehicle operation safety, make rail vehicle be more suitable for it is high and cold,
High wind sandy land operation.
Injection apparatus 11 is made up of jet pipe 16 and the exhausting plate 17 being arranged at the mouth of pipe of jet pipe 16, jet pipe 16 and air-supply pipeline
10 are connected or are welded directly together by flange, and jet pipe 16 can be fixedly mounted on the axle box 13 of bogie as needed
Bottom, can also be arranged on underframe 8 or framework 12, in favor of the end of jet pipe 16 to be led to the front of wheel 15, simultaneously
Also the space under car will not be taken.Exhausting plate 17 is welded or is bolted at the mouth of pipe of jet pipe 16, rational in infrastructure.
One or more exhaust vents are provided with exhausting plate 17, it is necessary to coordinate with the air pressure needed for troubleshooting and air quantity, are such as set
One row or two rows, often row's setting are multiple, to be always ensured that 5kg/m3Air pressure will not weaken after being sprayed from exhaust vent and
Influence troubleshooting effect.
The front of wheel 15 is led at the end mouth of pipe of jet pipe 16, and to be obliquely installed, or as shown in Fig. 2 go out
Aerofoil 17 is to be obliquely installed so that gases at high pressure tilt the raceway surface for blowing to the front of wheel 15 to vehicle traffic direction, this
Sample can increase contact area during gas injection to track, to ensure the effect of gas injection troubleshooting.
Because the jet of injection apparatus 11 has certain distance apart from track, when vehicle high-speed is run, produced during operation
Air-flow can produce influence to the high pressure draught sprayed by injection apparatus 11, the interference in air flow produced during in order to avoid operation, such as
Shown in Fig. 2, one is set to be used to prevent interference in air flow in the front (i.e. on windward side of vehicle traffic direction) of the leading section of jet pipe 16
Baffle plate 18, air-flow during operation is not interfered with the injection of high pressure draught.Baffle plate 18 is the swash plate turned forward, or
Flat board or the L-shaped structure of downward bending for setting downward vertically etc., can also be the structure of cover body, and the width of baffle plate 18 is bigger
In the width of jet pipe 16, the side of baffle plate 18 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of jet pipe 16 by screw, and its feather edge is less than jet pipe 16
Nozzle position, but have certain altitude apart from rail level, it is to avoid it is touched with rail level.Baffle plate 18 stops the gas produced during vehicle operation
Stream, it is ensured that the gases at high pressure that injection apparatus 11 sprays uninterruptedly can directly spray to track, and then ensure troubleshooting effect.
Troubleshooting is carried out by gases at high pressure, no wear part will not also cause abrasion to track, without periodic replacement, be easy to
Safeguard, reduce cost.And foreign matter more small on track can be removed, wheel rolling contact fatigue source is reduced, increases car
The service life of wheel and track, is particularly suitable for the rail vehicle runed in high wind sandy land.
In the present embodiment, a heater for being used to heat air in air-supply pipeline 10 is concatenated again on air-supply pipeline 10
14, before compressed air ejection, compressed air is heated.Heater 14 is only serially connected in the air feed pipe before injection apparatus 11
On road 10, the high-temperature gas after heating is blowed into track, evaporates the rainwater on track using high-temperature gas and melts snow, ice
Change evaporation, and then dry rail level, improve the coefficient of friction between wheel 15 and track, it is ensured that vehicle operation safety.
Controlling switch is installed in drivers' cab, driver such as opens blowing pattern, or open according to weather condition selection operation
Heating mode etc., controlling switch connection controller and control valve are opened, each air feed reservoir is equipped with a control valve, the institute of permutation car
There is control valve to be uniformly controlled by a controller.Controller is used for according to instruction while controlling the control valve in different compartments
Opening and closing, while to adjust the blast of air feed reservoir air-out, and then can simultaneously be controlled from injection apparatus with the aperture of adjusting control valve
The air quantity and wind speed of 11 blowing out pressurised air.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, in the present embodiment, kuppe 22 is also provided with bogie, kuppe 22 is arranged on and set
The bottom of the rear and front end of standby Ceiling 23, kuppe 22 is protruded to the direction of bogie 1, and installation is welded with bottom plate 23
Seat 24, kuppe 22 is fixed in mounting seat 24 by multiple bolts 21, and installing/dismounting is very convenient, and will not by turn
To the limitation of the position installing space of frame 2, it can be transformed on the basis of existing car.So, vehicle bottom air-flow is in kuppe
Under 22 barrier effect, into bogie 2 before need to get around kuppe 22, the direction of local air flow is not only changed, with inclination
End plate 5 coordinate, advantageously in the flowing of air-flow, moreover, kuppe 22 is relatively reduced between bottom plate 23 and bogie 2
Interval area, drastically reduce the area snow, sand and dust for being mingled with the air inflow into the air-flow of bogie 2 part, air-flow etc. also with
Be greatly decreased, kuppe 22 itself also blocks part snow, sand and dust and enters bogie 2, snow defence is served to greatest extent, anti-
The effect of sand and dust.Kuppe 22 is all set on the bottom plate 23 of rear and front end, being will in order to meet the different traffic direction of vehicle
Ask.
In order to reach optimal barrier effect, width of the kuppe 22 along car body is elongated to be set, the length of kuppe 22
Degree is equal to or more than the wheelspan of two wheels 15 on bogie 2, so as to ensure that reducing snow, sand and dust to greatest extent enters bogie
2 possibility.In order to improve the flow field of airflow passes kuppe 22, the vertical Section Design of kuppe 22 is triangle, kuppe
22 base level is slightly tilted down, and preferably to play a part of stopping air-flow, the nose angle β of kuppe 22 angle is excellent
Elect 60 ° as, nose angle β is by arc transition, and height H of the kuppe 22 on vertical is 200~220mm, and width L is
2400mm, the front end of kuppe 22 apart from minimum spacing is 160mm along with the edge of wheel 15, it is to avoid kuppe 22 and wheel 15
Running in contact, and reduce bogie position bottom opening area, snowfall entered so as to reduce from opening.
Kuppe 22 can use solid or hollow metallic article, in order to further improve its snow defence, sand prevention performance,
In the present embodiment, kuppe 22 is preferred to use the capsule shape structure for the closing being made up of elastomeric material, and the hardness of rubber is moderate, this
Sample, when air-flow flows through kuppe 22, the kuppe 22 that rubber is made constantly is shaken in the presence of air-flow, further avoids
The deposition of snow, sand and dust etc., reaches snow defence, the purpose of sand prevention.In addition, the weight of kuppe 22 can also be mitigated using capsule shape structure
Amount, meets light-weighted requirement.Mounting seat 24 setting up and down two, mounting seat 24 is the structure of interlayer, kuppe 22 it is upper
In the interlayer of following insertion mounting seat 24 fixation is tightened with bolt 21.
As shown in figure 3, in the present embodiment, on the skirtboard 20 of the rear and front end of bogie 2 being each provided with one protrudes from skirtboard
20 deflector 19, deflector 19 is extends in the vertical direction and set in the box structure of vertical direction substantially elongated closing
Put, the vertical height of deflector 19 will cover the indentation, there of the skirtboard 20 of the position of bogie 2, snow, sand and dust are reduced to greatest extent
Into bogie 2.The horizontal section of deflector 19 is hollow hat-shaped structure, and the both sides and top of hat are arc transition,
Substantially it is made up of three sections of camber lines.It is mingled with the air-flow of snow, sand and dust when high speed flows through deflector 19, there is arc in deflector 19
In the presence of the windward side of degree, centrifugal force is produced, will because the proportion of snow, sand and dust is heavier than air, and then in the effect of centrifugal force
Snow and sand and dust are separated with air, and snow and sand and dust are thrown out of, and snow and sand and dust will not bypass deflector 19 and enter bogie 2, only
Air then bypasses deflector 19 and enters the position of bogie 2.
Deflector 19 is using metallic articles such as stainless steels, and to ensure that it has enough strength and stiffness, deflector 19 leads to
The mode for crossing welding is directly welded on skirtboard 20, can also be mounted by means of bolts on skirtboard 20.
As described above, the plan content with reference to given by accompanying drawing, can derive similar technical scheme.In every case it is not de-
From the content of technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification made according to technical spirit of the invention to above example, etc.
With change and modification, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of sand-proof rail vehicle, including car body, bogie, equipment compartment, air conditioner ventilating system, the car body by headwall,
Side wall, roof and underframe composition, it is characterised in that：
The coating structure of the side wall includes wall primer layer, wall putty layer, wall floating coating layer, metope enamelled coating and wall layer of varnish, point
Cai Yong not dried at normal temperature epoxy primer, elastic lightweight Unsaturated polyester putty, acroleic acid polyurethane floating coating, aliphatic propylene
Sour polyurethane finish and acroleic acid polyurethane varnish；
The coating structure of the roof includes top prime coat, top floating coating layer, top surface enamelled coating and top layer of varnish, and normal temperature is respectively adopted
Type epoxy primer, acroleic acid polyurethane floating coating, aliphatic acrylic polyurethane finish and acroleic acid polyurethane varnish；
The coating structure of the underframe includes underframe prime coat and underframe top coat layer, and normal temperature type epoxy primer and fat is respectively adopted
Race's acrylic polyurethane finish paint；
A deflector for protruding from the skirtboard is each provided with the skirtboard of the bogie rear and front end, deflector is vertical
The box structure of direction substantially elongated closing, is extends in the vertical direction setting, and the vertical height of deflector, which will be covered, to be turned
To the indentation, there of the skirtboard of rack position.
2. sand-proof rail vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The thickness of wall primer layer is more than 50 μm,
The thickness of wall putty layer is 3mm, and the thickness of wall floating coating layer is more than 30 μm, and the thickness of metope enamelled coating is more than 60 μm, and wall is clear
The thickness of enamelled coating is more than 40 μm.
3. sand-proof rail vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The thickness for pushing up prime coat is more than 50 μm,
The thickness for pushing up floating coating layer is more than 30 μm, and the thickness of top surface enamelled coating is more than 60 μm, and the thickness of top layer of varnish is more than 40 μm.
4. sand-proof rail vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The thickness of underframe prime coat and underframe top coat layer
Degree is more than 60 μm.
5. sand-proof rail vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The coating structure of the bogie includes frame
Prime coat, frame top coat layer and frame layer of varnish.
6. sand-proof rail vehicle according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Frame priming paint, the frame finish paint of the bogie
It is respectively epoxy primer, the elastic finish paint of epoxy and fluorocarbon varnish with frame varnish.
7. sand-proof rail vehicle according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The thickness of frame prime coat is more than 60 μm,
The thickness of frame top coat layer is 100-200 μm, and the thickness of frame layer of varnish is 40-60 μm.
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| CN201410718224.6A CN104527677B (en) | 2014-12-01 | 2014-12-01 | A kind of sand-proof rail vehicle |
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| CN104527678B (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2018-04-06 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of sand-proof rail vehicle |
| DE102016205215A1 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Railway locomotive with roof transition element |
| CN105860752A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-08-17 | 何文林 | Transportation vehicle shell, transportation vehicle shell surface treatment method and transportation vehicle |
| CN108906554A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-30 | 中车成都机车车辆有限公司 | A kind of rolling stock coating layer structure and coating process |
| CN113335319A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-03 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Vehicle body structure of railway vehicle and vehicle body design method |
| CN113549364B (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2022-04-12 | 株洲华联高科有限责任公司 | Water-based environment-friendly unsaturated polyester putty for rail transit vehicles and preparation method thereof |
| CN114604279B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-12-15 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Connection structure of cab hood and automobile body and rail vehicle |
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| JP2006347364A (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2006-12-28 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Coating agent for railway rolling stock, its applying method, its manufacturing method, and railway rolling stock |
| CN201276117Y (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2009-07-22 | 咸阳富田工贸有限公司 | High-speed train composite board |
| CN101456012B (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2011-06-08 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | Painting method for high-speed motor train set |
| CN101837338A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2010-09-22 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | Car body adaptable to high-temperature and high-humidity areas and coating method thereof |
| CN102814272A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-12-12 | 樊荣 | Paint spraying technology for stainless steel vehicle body |
| CN104527678B (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2018-04-06 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of sand-proof rail vehicle |
| CN204279446U (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-22 | 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of sand-proof guideway vehicle |
| CN204279445U (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-22 | 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of sand-proof guideway vehicle |
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Address after: Jihongtan town Chengyang District Shandong city Qingdao province Jinhong road 266111 No. 88 Applicant after: CRRC QINGDAO SIFANG CO., LTD. Address before: Jihongtan town Chengyang District Shandong city Qingdao province Jinhong road 266111 No. 88 Applicant before: CSR Qingdao Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. |
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