CN104525949A - High abrasion-resisting copper-based friction composite material and preparing method thereof - Google Patents

High abrasion-resisting copper-based friction composite material and preparing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104525949A
CN104525949A CN201410838743.6A CN201410838743A CN104525949A CN 104525949 A CN104525949 A CN 104525949A CN 201410838743 A CN201410838743 A CN 201410838743A CN 104525949 A CN104525949 A CN 104525949A
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powder
friction material
copper base
wear
mos
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CN104525949B (en
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郑开宏
甘春雷
王海艳
王娟
李继林
王顺成
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Institute of New Materials of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
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GUANGDONG RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY (GUANGZHOU RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF NON-FERROUS METALS)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a high abrasion-resisting copper-based friction composite material suitable for manufacturing railway vehicle braking pads and a preparing method thereof and belongs to the technical field of friction materials. The raw materials comprise, by weight, 45%-60% of Cu, 15%-25% of Fe, 5%-10% of Cr, 2%-10% of ZTA composite ceramic, 0.5%-2% of MoS2 and 10%-20% of graphite powder. A powder metallurgy method is used for high-vacuum sintering to form the high abrasion-resisting copper-based friction composite material which has the advantages of being high in intensity and high in hardness, under the condition of high speed and high temperature, the friction coefficient is high, anti-abrasion capacity is high, stability is good, heat conductivity is good, service life is long, and the material is suitable for manufacturing the high speed train braking pads.

Description

A kind of wear-resistant copper base composite friction material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to friction materials technology field, specifically relate to and be a kind ofly applicable to wear-resistant copper base composite friction material manufacturing railway vehicle brake brake lining and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Copper base composite friction material has that higher-strength, wearability are good, thermal conductivity advantages of higher, is the important materials manufacturing brake apparatus, in the transport facilitys such as bullet train, aircraft, automobile, obtains extensive use.Along with the fast development of electric railway, train braking performance is had higher requirement, particularly more and more higher to the performance requirement of friction material, not only require that there is high strength, high-termal conductivity, require the features such as sufficiently high coefficient of friction, high-temperature stability, excellent wearability simultaneously.
For improving the antiwear property of train copper base composite friction material in prior art, usually the single phase ceramic material such as carborundum, zirconia, aluminium oxide are added, because this several single phase ceramic material has the characteristics such as high fusing point, hardness and chemical stability, in friction material, obtain comparatively extensive use.But the performances such as the high rigidity of single phase ceramic material can not ensure that material has good wearability.For ensureing low wear rate in many actual friction environments, also require that ceramic material has higher fracture toughness.Single phase ceramic material due to fragility large, fracture toughness is low, and ceramic particle easily fractures and peels off, and increases wear extent, reduces the braking effect of brake block, can not meet actual requirement well, the instructions for use particularly in high-speed train braking situation.Therefore, single phase ceramic material is still limited or unstable to the anti-wear performance improving copper base composite friction material, also needs to improve further.Above problem significantly limit the further fast development of copper base composite friction material and applies.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above-mentioned existing problems and deficiency, provide that a kind of anti-wear performance containing Zirconia reinforced alumina composite ceramics is superior, good stability, thermal conductivity are good, the wear-resistant copper base composite friction material of long service life and preparation method thereof.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
Wear-resistant copper base composite friction material of the present invention, is characterized in being mixed by the composition of following percentage by weight: Cu powder: 45 ~ 60%, Fe powder: 15 ~ 25%, Cr powder: 5 ~ 10%, ZTA composite ceramic: 2 ~ 10%, MoS 2powder: 0.5 ~ 2%, graphite powder: 10 ~ 20%, wherein the purity of Cu powder, Fe powder, Cr powder is greater than 99.0%, and granularity is less than 75 μm; The purity of ZTA composite ceramic is greater than 99.0%, and granularity is 75 ~ 150 μm; MoS 2the purity of powder and graphite powder is greater than 99.5%, and granularity is less than 75 μm.
Further, the better percentage by weight of above-mentioned each constituent is: Cu powder: 48 ~ 53%, Fe powder: 18 ~ 22%, Cr powder: 6 ~ 8%, ZTA composite ceramic: 4 ~ 8%, MoS 2powder: 0.8 ~ 1.8%, graphite powder: 12 ~ 18%.
Further, the optimum weight percentage of above-mentioned each constituent is: Cu powder: 50%, Fe powder: 20%, Cr powder: 7%, ZTA composite ceramic: 7%, MoS 2powder: 1%, graphite powder: 15%.
The preparation method of wear-resistant copper base composite friction material of the present invention adopts the mode of powder metallurgy to prepare described wear-resistant copper base composite friction material, is characterized in comprising the following steps:
1) weighing: components by weight percentage weighs Cu powder, Fe powder, Cr powder, ZTA composite ceramic, MoS 2powder and graphite powder;
2) batch mixing: the material prepared is mixed to evenly through homogenizer;
3) suppress: the raw material mixed is put into mould and carry out being pressed into pressed compact, pressure is 650 ~ 850MPa;
4) vacuum pressed sintering: pressed compact is fixed on supporting steel back, puts into vacuum sintering furnace and sinter, vacuum is 0.1 ~ 10Pa, sintering temperature is 750 ~ 900 DEG C, applying pressure is 1 ~ 3MPa, temperature retention time 2 ~ 4 hours, obtains wear-resistant copper base composite friction material.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
1, add in copper base composite friction material with tradition compared with one-component ceramic, the present invention adds the ZTA composite ceramics that toughness is better, fracture toughness is higher in copper base composite friction material, is conducive to improving anti-wear performance further, thus improves braking efficiency;
2, preparation technology of the present invention is simple, operation is easier, is conducive to applying;
3, the copper base composite friction material adopting the present invention to obtain at high speeds coefficient of friction high, wear and tear little, stability is high, thermal conductivity good, long service life, be suitable for manufacturing railway vehicle brake brake lining.
Detailed description of the invention
Wear-resistant copper base composite friction material of the present invention, is mixed by the composition of following percentage by weight: Cu powder: 45 ~ 60%, Fe powder: 15 ~ 25%, Cr powder: 5 ~ 10%, ZTA composite ceramic: 2 ~ 10%, MoS 2powder: 0.5 ~ 2%, graphite powder: 10 ~ 20%, wherein the purity of Cu powder, Fe powder, Cr powder is greater than 99.0%, and granularity is less than 75 μm; The purity of ZTA composite ceramic is greater than 99.0%, and granularity is 75 ~ 150 μm; MoS 2the purity of powder and graphite powder is greater than 99.5%, and granularity is less than 75 μm.Further, the better percentage by weight of described each constituent is: Cu powder: 48 ~ 53%, Fe powder: 18 ~ 22%, Cr powder: 6 ~ 8%, ZTA composite ceramic: 4 ~ 8%, MoS 2powder: 0.8 ~ 1.8%, graphite powder: 12 ~ 18%.Further, the optimum weight percentage of described each constituent is: Cu powder: 50%, Fe powder: 20%, Cr powder: 7%, ZTA composite ceramic: 7%, MoS 2powder: 1%, graphite powder: 15%.
The preparation method of wear-resistant copper base composite friction material of the present invention, the method adopts the mode of powder metallurgy to prepare above-mentioned wear-resistant copper base composite friction material, and it comprises the following steps:
1) weighing: components by weight percentage weighs Cu powder, Fe powder, Cr powder, ZTA composite ceramic, MoS 2powder and graphite powder;
2) batch mixing: the material prepared is mixed to evenly through homogenizer;
3) suppress: the raw material mixed is put into mould and carry out being pressed into pressed compact, pressure is 650 ~ 850MPa;
4) vacuum pressed sintering: pressed compact is fixed on supporting steel back, puts into vacuum sintering furnace and sinter, vacuum is 0.1 ~ 10Pa, sintering temperature is 750 ~ 900 DEG C, applying pressure is 1 ~ 3MPa, temperature retention time 2 ~ 4 hours, obtains wear-resistant copper base composite friction material.
Embodiment 1:
Prepare a kind of wear-resistant copper base composite friction material, its each weight percentages of components is as follows: Cu powder: 45%, Fe powder: 25%, Cr powder: 5%, ZTA composite ceramic: 10%, MoS 2powder: 2%, graphite powder: 13%.Its preparation process is as follows: 1) weighing: components by weight percentage weighs Cu powder: 45%, Fe powder: 25%, Cr powder: 5%, ZTA composite ceramic: 10%, MoS 2powder: 2%, graphite powder: 13%; 2) batch mixing: by raw material components Cu, Fe, Cr, ZTA composite ceramics, the MoS that prepare 2mix through homogenizer with powdered graphite; 3) suppress: the raw material mixed is obtained pressed compact at 650MPa pressure; 4) pressure sintering: pressed compact is fixed on supporting steel back, puts into vacuum sintering furnace and sinters, and vacuum is 0.1Pa, and sintering temperature is 900 DEG C, and applying pressure is 1MPa, and temperature retention time 2 hours, obtains powder metallurgy friction material.The density of the copper base composite friction material prepared according to above-mentioned technique is 5.453 × 10 3kg/m 3, coefficient of friction is 0.388, and wear extent is 0.282cm 3/ MJ.
Embodiment 2:
Prepare a kind of copper base composite friction material, its each weight percentages of components is as follows: Cu powder: 60%, Fe powder: 15%, Cr powder: 10%, ZTA composite ceramic: 2%, MoS 2powder: 0.5%, graphite powder: 12.5%.Its preparation process is as follows: 1) weighing: components by weight percentage weighs Cu powder: 60%, Fe powder: 15%, Cr powder: 10%, ZTA composite ceramic: 2%, MoS 2powder: 0.5%, graphite powder: 12.5%; 2) batch mixing: by raw material components Cu, Fe, Cr, ZTA composite ceramics, the MoS that prepare 2mix through homogenizer with powdered graphite; 3) suppress: the raw material mixed is obtained pressed compact at 850MPa pressure; 4) pressure sintering: pressed compact is fixed on supporting steel back, puts into vacuum sintering furnace and sinters, and vacuum is 10Pa, and sintering temperature is 750 DEG C, and applying pressure is 3MPa, and temperature retention time 4 hours, obtains powder metallurgy friction material.The density of the copper base composite friction material prepared according to above-mentioned technique is 5.531 × 10 3kg/m 3, coefficient of friction is 0.381, and wear extent is 0.293cm 3/ MJ.
Embodiment 3:
Prepare a kind of wear-resistant copper base composite friction material, its each weight percentages of components is as follows: Cu powder: 48%, Fe powder: 22%, Cr powder: 6%, ZTA composite ceramic: 8%, MoS 2powder: 1.8%, graphite powder: 14.2%.Its preparation process is as follows: 1) weighing: components by weight percentage weighs Cu powder: 48%, Fe powder: 22%, Cr powder: 6%, ZTA composite ceramic: 8%, MoS 2powder: 1.8%, graphite powder: 14.2%; 2) batch mixing: by raw material components Cu, Fe, Cr, ZTA composite ceramics, the MoS that prepare 2mix through homogenizer with powdered graphite; 3) suppress: the raw material mixed is obtained pressed compact at 650MPa pressure; 4) pressure sintering: pressed compact is fixed on supporting steel back, puts into vacuum sintering furnace and sinters, and vacuum is 0.1Pa, and sintering temperature is 900 DEG C, and applying pressure is 1MPa, and temperature retention time 2 hours, obtains powder metallurgy friction material.The density of the copper base composite friction material prepared according to above-mentioned technique is 5.469 × 10 3kg/m 3, coefficient of friction is 0.392, and wear extent is 0.285cm 3/ MJ.
Embodiment 4:
Prepare a kind of copper base composite friction material, its each weight percentages of components is as follows: Cu powder: 53%, Fe powder: 18%, Cr powder: 8%, ZTA composite ceramic: 4%, MoS 2powder: 0.8%, graphite powder: 16.2%.Its preparation process is as follows: 1) weighing: components by weight percentage weighs Cu powder: 53%, Fe powder: 18%, Cr powder: 8%, ZTA composite ceramic: 4%, MoS 2powder: 0.8%, graphite powder: 16.2%; 2) batch mixing: by raw material components Cu, Fe, Cr, ZTA composite ceramics, the MoS that prepare 2mix through homogenizer with powdered graphite; 3) suppress: the raw material mixed is obtained pressed compact at 850MPa pressure; 4) pressure sintering: pressed compact is fixed on supporting steel back, puts into vacuum sintering furnace and sinters, and vacuum is 10Pa, and sintering temperature is 750 DEG C, and applying pressure is 3MPa, and temperature retention time 4 hours, obtains powder metallurgy friction material.The density of the copper base composite friction material prepared according to above-mentioned technique is 5.548 × 10 3kg/m 3, coefficient of friction is 0.401, and wear extent is 0.293cm 3/ MJ.
Embodiment 5:
Prepare a kind of copper base composite friction material, its each weight percentages of components is as follows: Cu powder: 50%, Fe powder: 20%, Cr powder: 6%, ZTA composite ceramic: 8%, MoS 2powder: 1%, graphite powder: 15%.Its preparation process is as follows: 1) weighing: components by weight percentage weighs Cu powder: 50%, Fe powder: 20%, Cr powder: 6%, ZTA composite ceramic: 8%, MoS 2powder: 1%, graphite powder: 15%; 2) batch mixing: by raw material components Cu, Fe, Cr, ZTA composite ceramics, the MoS that prepare 2mix through homogenizer with powdered graphite; 3) suppress: the raw material mixed is obtained pressed compact at 750MPa pressure; 4) pressure sintering: pressed compact is fixed on supporting steel back, puts into vacuum sintering furnace and sinters, and vacuum is 1Pa, and sintering temperature is 850 DEG C, and applying pressure is 2MPa, and temperature retention time 3 hours, obtains powder metallurgy friction material.The density of the copper base composite friction material prepared according to above-mentioned technique is 5.521 × 10 3kg/m 3, coefficient of friction is 0.414, and wear extent is 0.273cm 3/ MJ.
The present invention is described by embodiment, but the present invention is not construed as limiting, with reference to description of the invention, other changes of the disclosed embodiments, as the professional person for this area easily expects, such change should belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention restriction.

Claims (4)

1. a wear-resistant copper base composite friction material, is characterized in that being mixed by the composition of following percentage by weight: Cu powder: 45 ~ 60%, Fe powder: 15 ~ 25%, Cr powder: 5 ~ 10%, ZTA composite ceramic: 2 ~ 10%, MoS 2powder: 0.5 ~ 2%, graphite powder: 10 ~ 20%, wherein the purity of Cu powder, Fe powder, Cr powder is greater than 99.0%, and granularity is less than 75 μm; The purity of ZTA composite ceramic is greater than 99.0%, and granularity is 75 ~ 150 μm; MoS 2the purity of powder and graphite powder is greater than 99.5%, and granularity is less than 75 μm.
2. wear-resistant copper base composite friction material according to claim 1, is characterized in that the percentage by weight of above-mentioned each constituent is: Cu powder: 48 ~ 53%, Fe powder: 18 ~ 22%, Cr powder: 6 ~ 8%, ZTA composite ceramic: 4 ~ 8%, MoS 2powder: 0.8 ~ 1.8%, graphite powder: 12 ~ 18%.
3. wear-resistant copper base composite friction material according to claim 2, is characterized in that the percentage by weight of above-mentioned each constituent is: Cu powder: 50%, Fe powder: 20%, Cr powder: 7%, ZTA composite ceramic: 7%, MoS 2powder: 1%, graphite powder: 15%.
4. a preparation method for wear-resistant copper base composite friction material, the mode of the method employing powder metallurgy prepares the wear-resistant copper base composite friction material as described in aforementioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) weighing: components by weight percentage weighs Cu powder, Fe powder, Cr powder, ZTA composite ceramic, MoS 2powder and graphite powder;
2) batch mixing: the material prepared is mixed to evenly through homogenizer;
3) suppress: the raw material mixed is put into mould and carry out being pressed into pressed compact, pressure is 650 ~ 850MPa;
4) vacuum pressed sintering: pressed compact is fixed on supporting steel back, puts into vacuum sintering furnace and sinter, vacuum is 0.1 ~ 10Pa, sintering temperature is 750 ~ 900 DEG C, applying pressure is 1 ~ 3MPa, temperature retention time 2 ~ 4 hours, obtains wear-resistant copper base composite friction material.
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Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105063459A (en) * 2015-07-20 2015-11-18 广西民族大学 Copper-based powder metallurgy friction material for high-speed train braking and preparation method thereof
CN105886829A (en) * 2016-05-06 2016-08-24 西南交通大学 Graphene reinforced copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN106166610A (en) * 2016-06-27 2016-11-30 杭州桑拉科技有限公司 A kind of high ferro braking metal+ceramic base brake lining friction resistance material and preparation method thereof
CN107614720A (en) * 2015-05-28 2018-01-19 曙制动器工业株式会社 High-speed railway vehicle sintered friction material and its manufacture method
CN110005735A (en) * 2019-02-18 2019-07-12 红心科技有限公司 A kind of high-speed train braking friction block and preparation method thereof
CN110650812A (en) * 2017-04-07 2020-01-03 日本制铁株式会社 Sintered friction material
CN111804907A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-10-23 西安交通大学 Modified ceramic particle reinforced iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN113234954A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-08-10 中铁隆昌铁路器材有限公司 Copper-based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN107614720A (en) * 2015-05-28 2018-01-19 曙制动器工业株式会社 High-speed railway vehicle sintered friction material and its manufacture method
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CN105063459B (en) * 2015-07-20 2017-05-17 广西民族大学 Copper-based powder metallurgy friction material for high-speed train braking and preparation method thereof
CN105886829A (en) * 2016-05-06 2016-08-24 西南交通大学 Graphene reinforced copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN106166610A (en) * 2016-06-27 2016-11-30 杭州桑拉科技有限公司 A kind of high ferro braking metal+ceramic base brake lining friction resistance material and preparation method thereof
CN110650812A (en) * 2017-04-07 2020-01-03 日本制铁株式会社 Sintered friction material
CN110650812B (en) * 2017-04-07 2022-04-05 日本制铁株式会社 Sintered friction material
CN110005735A (en) * 2019-02-18 2019-07-12 红心科技有限公司 A kind of high-speed train braking friction block and preparation method thereof
CN111804907A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-10-23 西安交通大学 Modified ceramic particle reinforced iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN113234954A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-08-10 中铁隆昌铁路器材有限公司 Copper-based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof

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